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| I've blanked this page, as it contained text about a controversial subject. The original creator of this page seems not to be active anymore. Previous revisions of this page my be retrieved from the page history. --] 10:37, 3 March 2007 (UTC) | |||
| lies | |||
| ==Medical definitions and diagnosis== | |||
| :Generally, '''pedophilia''' (]), or '''paedophilia''' (]), is a ] characterized by a primary or exclusive sexual interest, remaining over time, toward children who are either prepubescent or just beginning puberty. The term was coined in 1896 by Vienna psychiatrist ] in his writing ''].'' | |||
| :Strictly speaking, this definition would include many adolescents and prepubescents, for whom such interests might be normal; thus, some experts add the criterion that the interest be toward children at least five years younger than the subject. However, there is also support for the notion that a diagnosis of pedophilia can be appropriate for an adolescent or even a prepubescent. {{ref|janssen}} | |||
| :A "pedophile" is a person characterized by pedophilia. | |||
| :The ] (F65.4) defines pedophilia as "a sexual preference for children, boys or girls or both, usually of prepubertal or early pubertal age." | |||
| :The ]'s '']'' 4th edition, Text Revision, gives the following diagnostic criteria for pedophilia: | |||
| :*Over a period of at least 6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally age 13 years or younger). | |||
| :*The person has acted on these urges, or the sexual urges or fantasies cause marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. | |||
| :*The person is at least age 16 years and at least 5 years older than the child or children in Criterion A. | |||
| :*: Note: Do not include an individual in late adolescence involved in an ongoing sexual relationship with a 12 or 13-year-old. | |||
| :Actual sexual activity with a child is not a criterion, and the diagnosis can therefore be made based on the presence of ''fantasies'' or ''sexual urges'' alone, provided the subject meets the remaining criteria. Researcher ''(vague term. what is he?)'' Howard E. Barbaree suggests including the criterion of actual sexual activity with a child. {{ref|barbaree-seto}} | |||
| :The term "adolescence," like the term "child," is defined differently by different medical groups. The ], for instance, defines adolescence as the period of life between 10 and 20 years of age, though it is most often defined as the period of life between the ages of 13 and 18. ''citation needed'' | |||
| =="Pedophile" as a broad term== | |||
| :The term is often used to refer to certain persons who either may not or do not meet the medical definition. For example, it is often used to refer to persons who are sexually attracted to adolescents and not prepubescents, and to refer to persons who have engaged in sexual activity with a child. Person in the former category do not meet the medical definition, and persons in the latter category might not, depending on the individual case. (See edwards, below) | |||
| ==Word origin== | |||
| :The word comes from the ] ''paidophilia'' (παιδοφιλια)—''pais'' (παιδί, "child") and ''philia'' (φιλια, "love, friendship"). | |||
| =="Pedosexuality," or pedophilia as a sexual orientation== | |||
| :Some experts, such as Dr. Fred S. Berlin {{ref|edwards}}, believe sexual attraction to children to be a ], on a par with heterosexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality. The proponents of this view point out that ], ] and ] are not normally associated with attraction to children, and that children are mentally and physically very different from adults. {{fact}} ''need citation for the characteristics of a sexual orientation'' | |||
| :Commonness is another factor in determining whether a given sexual interest qualifies as a sexual orientation. ''citation needed'' It is disputed how common pedophilia is. A study by Hall et al. of Kent State University found that 32.5% of their sample exhibited sexual arousal to pedophilic stimuli that equaled or exceeded their arousal to the adult stimuli. ''citation needed''. Further studies indicate that men who are sexually interested in females are generally prone to react sexually when exposed to nude female children. {{ref|cibiri}}. ''need examples of the studies that say it's not common'' | |||
| ==Prohibition of sexual activity with children== | |||
| :] is widely prohibited, although ] varies among jurisdictions, as do laws regarding ] and ]. Age of consent is typically between 16 and 18, but in some jurisdictions is as high as 21 or as low as 12. ''cite?'' | |||
| ====Pedophiles and the law==== | |||
| :Most people who engage in unlawful sexual activity with a child are '']'' not meeting the medical definition of a pedophile. Kinsey report, Abel, Mittleman, and Becker, (1985); and Ward et al., (1995); {{ref|quinsey}}. {{(ref|activity)}}.."{{ref|edwards}}. see below. | |||
| ====Scientific analysis of offenders==== | |||
| :Although generally the law is not concerned with whether a person who engages in unlawful sexual activity with a child is a pedophile non-situational offender, a non-pedophile situational offender, or somewhere in between, these distinctions have been studied, and some conclusions have been reached. For example, situational offenders generally: offend at times of stress; have a relatively late onset of offending; offend with relatively few children, mostly family members; and have a general sexual preference for adults. Pedophile offenders, on the other hand, generally: start offending at a relatively early age; offend with a relatively large number of children, most of whom are not family members; are more appetitively driven to offend; and have values or beliefs that strongly support an offense lifestyle. Scientists sometimes refer to non-situational pedophile offenders as ''structured pedophile'' or ''fixated pedophile'' offenders. ''need cite'' | |||
| == Treatment == | |||
| :Treatment strategies for pedophilia include a "12-step support system," similar to addiction therapy, though such a system is regarded as the least efficacious method of treatment of pedophilia. ''cite?'' Anti-androgenic medications such as ] may be used to lower testosterone levels, and are often used in conjunction with other approaches.''cite?'' | |||
| :More favoured is cognitive-behavioral therapy, in which the subject is taught to associate certain sexual activity and various unpleasantries. Usually, this is done by telling the pedophile to fantasize of the sexual activity in question, and then, once aroused, he is instructed to imagine the legal and social consequences of being discovered. More controversial is aversion therapy, in which electric shocks are used to condition the subject to associate pain with the sexual activity in question. {{ref|treatment}} These methods are rarely used on pedophiles who have not offended. ''cite for whole paragraph'' | |||
| :A number of proposed "reorientation" techniques for pedophilia have been developed, analogous to ] for homosexuals. Pedophilia, however, is generally regarded as highly resistant to such techniques, and most have been dismissed as ineffective {{ref|crawford}}. | |||
| ==Pedophile activism== | |||
| :Organizations, Web-based communities, and individuals exist who promote one or more of the following: | |||
| ::* social acceptance of sexual or romantic interest in children. | |||
| ::* social acceptance of sexual activity with children | |||
| ::* changes in institutions of concern to pedophiles, such as age-of-consent laws and mental illness classifications | |||
| :Because the term "pedophile" is sometimes used disparagingly, some pedophile activists prefer the terms "childlover," "boylover," and "girllover." (Whether activists or not, some pedophiles use these terms among themselves.) | |||
| :Pedophile activists usually emphasize the distinction between pedophiles and persons who engage in unlawful sexual activity with children, although some scientists say that sexual activity with children is generally harmless if the child gives his uncoerced consent. However, the question of whether a child is capable of giving consent is itself the subject of vehement debate between some pedophile activists and their opponents. | |||
| == See also == | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] (such as that caused by the '']'') | |||
| :* ] | |||
| :* ] | |||
| == Related terms == | |||
| :* '']'', also known as '''hebephilia''', is the condition of being sexually attracted primarily or exclusively to adolescents. These terms are used in contrast with pedophilia; however pedophilia is sometimes used more broadly in the ] to describe both ephebophilia and attraction to younger children, that is, any person younger than the legal ]. | |||
| :**'']'', or the '']'', generally refers to the attraction toward adolescent or older underage ''male''s. | |||
| :**''] syndrome'' or '']'' are terms sometimes used to refer to attraction to adolescent or older underage ''female''s. | |||
| :* '']'', also called ''infantophilia'', is the attraction to ]s and ]s (usually ages 0-3). Some researchers have suggested a distinction between pedophilia and nepiophilia, as it is unusual for pedophiles to prefer toddlers. | |||
| == Notes and references == | |||
| :Not sure if/where to include this: | |||
| ::Most cases of father-daughter ] are believed to involve fathers who are situational offenders, rather than pedophiles {{ref|quinsey}}. | |||
| ::At least one study says that "the majority of sex crimes against children are perpetrated by ]s rather than people sexually attracted to prepubertal children."{{ref|edwards}}. ''Find and use the actual quote if this isn't it" | |||
| :# {{note|janssen}} Janssen, D. J. (2003). :"" Unpublished. 23-27. | |||
| :# {{note|edwards}} Edwards, M. (1997) "Treatment for Paedophiles; Treatment for Sex Offenders." ''Paedophile Policy and Prevention, Australian Institute of Criminology Research and Public Policy Series'' (12), 74-75. | |||
| :# {{note|barbaree-seto}} Barbaree, H. E., and Seto, M. C. (1997). Pedophilia: Assessment and Treatment. ''Sexual Deviance: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment''. 175-193. | |||
| :# {{note|edwards}} Edwards, Douglas J. (2004). '''' in Behavioral Health Management, May-June. | |||
| :# {{note|freund-costell}} Freund, K. and Costell, R. (1970). "The structure of erotic preference in the nondeviant male." ''Behaviour Research & Therapy'' '''8''' (1), 15-20. :<br> Quinsey, V. L. et al. (1975). "Penile circumference, skin conductance, and ranking responses of child molesters and 'normals' to sexual and nonsexual visual stimuli." :''Behavior Therapy.'' '''6''', 213-219. <br> Hall, G. C. N. et al. (1995) "Sexual Arousal and Arousability to Pedophilic Stimuli in a Community Sample of Normal Men" ''Behavior Therapy.'' '''26''', 681-694. | |||
| :# {{note|cibiri}} Freund, Kurt; McKnight, C. K.; Langevin, R.; and Cibiri, S. (1972). "The female child as a surrogate object." '' Archives of Sexual Behavior.'' '''2''', (2), 119-133. | |||
| :# {{note|lanning}} Lanning, Kenneth (2001). '''' (Third Edition). National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. | |||
| :# {{note|quinsey}} Quinsey, V. L. (1977). "The assessment and treatment of child molesters: A review." ''Canadian Psychological Review.'' '''18''', 204-220. | |||
| :# {{note|crawford}} Crawford, D. (1981). "Treatment approaches with pedophiles." ''Adult sexual interest in children''. 181-217. | |||
| :# {{note|treatment}} Whyfiles.org | |||
| :# {{note|activity}} : Parliament of Australia Joint Committee. | |||
| :* Ames, A. & Houston, D. A. (1990). "Legal, social, and biological definitions of pedophilia." ''Archives of Sexual Behavior''. '''19''' (4), 333-342. | |||
| :* Fagan P. J. et al (2002). "" (requires registration). ''Journal of the American Medical Association''. '''288''', 2458-2465. | |||
| :* Rind et al. (1998). "]." ''Psychological Bulletin.'' '''124''' (1), 22-53. | |||
| :* ]. (2002). ''].'' Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Discusses the perception and reality of pedophilia. ISBN 0816640068. | |||
| :* Wilson, Paul R. (1981). ''.'' Melbourne: Cassell Australia. ISBN 0726992828. (Book about a court reporter who had sexual relationships with 2500 adolescent males; includes interviews with the later adults who reflect on these relationships.) | |||
| :* Underwager, Ralph and Wakefield, Hollida (1995). "." In J. Ziskin (Ed.) ''Coping With Psychiatric and Psychological Testimony'' (Fifth Edition). Los Angeles: Law and Psychology Press. pp. 1315-1370. ISBN 1879689073 | |||
| :* Green, Richard (2002). "Is pedophilia a mental disorder?", ''Archives of Sexual Behavior''. '''31''' (6). 467-471. () | |||
| :*Abel, G. G., Mittleman, M. S., & Becker, J. V. (1985). "Sex offenders: Results of assessment and recommendations for treatment." In M. H. Ben-Aron, S. J. Hucker, & C. D. Webster (Eds.), ''Clinical criminology: The assessment and treatment of criminal behavior'' (pp. 207-220). Toronto, Canada: M & M Graphics. | |||
| :== External links == | |||
| :<!-- Before removing these links, please peruse the talk page. These links were re-organized and added to give a more objective view of the situation, from many angles. --> | |||
| :===Medical information=== | |||
| :* , based on the books of sexologist Dr. ]. | |||
| :* in ] | |||
| :* | |||
| ===Social aspects=== | |||
| :'''Pro-pedophilia stance websites''' | |||
| :* , articles relating to pedophilia from a tolerant perspective | |||
| :* , recent news on the topic of pedophilia. | |||
| :'''Anti-pedophilia stance websites''' | |||
| :* | |||
| :'''Miscellany''' | |||
| :* , a collection of personal stories concerning pedophilia and resources for the family members of pedophiles. | |||
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| :]</nowiki> | |||
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| ] 01:49, 8 February 2006 (UTC) | |||
Latest revision as of 10:37, 3 March 2007
I've blanked this page, as it contained text about a controversial subject. The original creator of this page seems not to be active anymore. Previous revisions of this page my be retrieved from the page history. --Ligulem 10:37, 3 March 2007 (UTC)