Israel–Hamas war: Difference between revisions

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	==Background==		==Background==
			The attack followed 3 weeks of violence at the ]. Gaza and Israel had recently negotiated a truce, mediated by ], ], and the ] on September 29.<ref>{{Cite news \|title=Israel declares state of war after Hamas fires thousands of rockets and ‘militants cross border’ – live \|language=en \|work=Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/oct/07/hamas-launches-attack-on-israel-with-5000-rockets-live \|date = October 7, 2023}}</ref>
⚫	The attack occurred on October 7 which marked the 50th anniversary to the ], which ~~was~~ also a surprise attack.

		⚫	The attack occurred on October 7, which marked the 50th anniversary to the ], which also began with a surprise attack.
⚫	Hamas's military leader ] claimed the attack was ~~done~~ ~~because~~ of the ].<ref>{{Cite news \|last=חלבי \|first=עינב \|date=2023-10-07 \|title=מוחמד דף על מתקפת הרקטות: ישראל חיללה את אל-אקצא, קורא לערביי ישראל להצטרף \|language=he \|work=Ynet \|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/byezsprea \|access-date=2023-10-07}}</ref>

		⚫	Hamas's military leader ] claimed the attack was conducted in response to the ].<ref>{{Cite news \|last=חלבי \|first=עינב \|date=2023-10-07 \|title=מוחמד דף על מתקפת הרקטות: ישראל חיללה את אל-אקצא, קורא לערביי ישראל להצטרף \|language=he \|work=Ynet \|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/byezsprea \|access-date=2023-10-07}}</ref>

	==The attack==		==The attack==

Revision as of 07:39, 7 October 2023

It has been suggested that Operation Al-Aqsa Flood be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since October 2023.

This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. Feel free to improve this article or discuss changes on the talk page, but please note that updates without valid and reliable references will be removed. (October 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel

Part of the Israel-Gaza conflict
2023 Al-Aqsa clashes

Date	October 7, 2023
Location	Israel, Gaza Strip

Belligerents

Israel

Hamas

Commanders and leaders

Benjamin Netanyahu
Yoav Gallant

Mohammad Deif

Casualties and losses

1 civilian killed (reported)
15 civilians injured (reported)

v t e Gaza–Israel conflict
Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict Palestinian rocket attacks Israeli airstrikes on the Gaza Strip Blockade of the Gaza Strip Israeli war crimes Hamas war crimes 1956 Rafah massacre Khan Yunis massacre First Intifada Second Intifada Gaza cross-border raid Summer Rains Autumn Clouds 2006 shelling of Beit Hanoun Gaza–Egypt border breach Hot Winter 2008–2009 Gaza War March 2010 clashes 2010 Palestinian militancy campaign Southern Israel cross-border attacks March 2012 clashes 2012 Gaza War 2014 Gaza War Shuja'iyya Beach bombing incidents Deif family killings 2018–2019 border protests November 2018 clashes May 2019 clashes November 2019 clashes 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis 2022 clashes May 2023 clashes Israel–Hamas war 7 October attacks Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip Gaza genocide

Gaza–Israel conflict

On 7 October 2023, Hamas launched a major rocket barrage and incursion into Israel. The attack killed several Israeli police and army personnel and an elderly woman and wounded at least three civilians, prompting the government of Israel to declare a state of emergency.

Background

The attack followed 3 weeks of violence at the Israel-Gaza separation fence. Gaza and Israel had recently negotiated a truce, mediated by Qatar, Egypt, and the UN on September 29.

The attack occurred on October 7, which marked the 50th anniversary to the Yom Kippur War, which also began with a surprise attack.

Hamas's military leader Mohammed Deif claimed the attack was conducted in response to the 2023 Al-Aqsa clashes.

The attack

At around 06:30am local time on 7 October 2023, Hamas announced the start of Operation Al-Aqsa Flood, firing over 5,000 rockets from the Gaza Strip into Israel and killing at least five people. At least one civilian death was reported in Kfar Aviv, while three people were reportedly injured in Ashkelon and Yavne. Explosions were reported in areas surrounding the Strip, as well as in Tel Aviv and in Ashkelon. Air raid sirens were also activated in Beer Sheva and Jerusalem.

Simultaneously, Palestinian militants infiltrated Israel from Gaza. Images and videos appeared to show gunmen opening fire in Sderot, killing several Israeli civilians and soldiers. A video from Gaza showed the lifeless body of an Israeli soldier being trampled on by a crowd shouting "God is Great." Other videos appeared to show Israelis taken prisoner and a burning Israeli tank. Hamas issued a call to arms, with senior military commander Mohammad Deif calling on "Muslims everywhere to launch an attack".

The attack, which coincided with the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, appeared to have surprised many Israelis. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Yoav Gallant conducted security assessments at Israel Defense Forces headquarters in Tel Aviv. The Israeli army declared a "state of readiness for war" and said that it attacked targets in Gaza. Gallant later approved the mobilisation of army reservists. Residents in areas around the Gaza Strip were asked to stay inside, while civilians in southern and central Israel were "required to stay next to shelters".

Response

Following the assault, Israel declared a heightened state of preparedness for potential conflict. The Israeli military declared a state of readiness for war, and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu convened an emergency gathering of security authorities. The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) additionally reported their initiation of targeted actions in the Gaza Strip.

Reactions

References

^ "Strikes on Gaza after Palestinian militants enter Israel". BBC. 7 October 2023.
"Live updates: Militants infiltrate Israel from Gaza as Hamas claims major rocket attack".
"Hamas launches surprise attack on Israel as Palestinian gunmen reported in south | Israel | the Guardian".
"IDF declares 'state of readiness for war' amid Hamas infiltrations, rocket barrages". The Times of Israel.
"Israel declares state of war after Hamas fires thousands of rockets and 'militants cross border' – live". Guardian. October 7, 2023.
חלבי, עינב (2023-10-07). "מוחמד דף על מתקפת הרקטות: ישראל חיללה את אל-אקצא, קורא לערביי ישראל להצטרף". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2023-10-07.
^ "Palestinian fighters reported in Israel as rockets launched from Gaza". Al Jazeera. 7 October 2023.
^ "Israel-Palestine escalation live news: Hamas starts Operation Al-Aqsa Flood". Al Jazeera. 7 October 2023.
^ "Hamas launches surprise attack on Israel as Palestinian gunmen reported in south". Guardian. 7 October 2023.
^ "Militants enter Israel from Gaza after woman killed in rocket barrage". CNN. 7 October 2023.
^ "Barrages of rockets fired from Gaza as Hamas launches unprecedented operation against Israel". France 24. 7 October 2023.
"Hamas militant group launches unprecedented operation against Israel with rockets and infiltration". Associated Press. 7 October 2023.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/07/israel-gaza-rocket-attack-hamas/
https://www.reuters.com/article/israel-palestinians-idCAKBN31701K

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Participants

Israelis

Palestinians

Principals	All-Palestine Protectorate Palestine Liberation Organization Fatah Hamas Palestinian Authority
Other groups	al-Aqsa Brigades Children DFLP Jenin Brigades Lions' Den PIJ PLF PPSF PFLP PFLP-GC PRC Sabireen Movement Sons of Zouari

Third-party groups

Individuals

Israelis

Palestinians

Timeline
- military operations

Background

1920–1948	1920 Nebi Musa riots Battle of Tel Hai 1921 Jaffa riots 1929 Palestine riots Hebron massacre 1936–1939 Arab revolt 1944–1947 Jewish insurgency 1947–1948 Civil War / Nakba

1948–1970	1948 Arab–Israeli War massacres 1948–present Fedayeen insurgency 1951–1967 Attacks against Israeli civilians 1950s–1960s Reprisal operations 1953 Qibya massacre 1956 Suez Crisis / Kafr Qasim / Khan Yunis / Rafah massacres 1967 Six-Day War 1967–1970 War of Attrition 1968 Battle of Karameh

Palestinian
insurgency

1968–1982	1970 Avivim school bus bombing 1972 Sabena Flight 571 / Munich massacre / "Bayonet" (1973 Lillehammer affair) 1974 Kiryat Shmona massacre / Ma'alot massacre 1975 Savoy Hotel attack 1976 Entebbe raid 1978 Coastal road massacre / South Lebanon conflict 1980 Misgav Am hostage crisis

1973–1987	1973 Yom Kippur War 1975 Zion Square bombing 1982 Lebanon War Siege of Beirut 1983 1983 West Bank fainting epidemic 1984 Bus 300 affair 1985 Achille Lauro hijacking / "Wooden Leg" 1987 Night of the Gliders

First Intifada

1987–1991	1988 Tunis raid 1989 Bus 405 attack 1990 Temple Mount killings 1990s Palestinian suicide attacks list 1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre

Second Intifada

2000–2005	Palestinian rocket attacks Palestinian suicide attacks list Israeli assassinations 2000 October events 2001 Santorini 2002 Karine A / "Defensive Shield" / Battle of Jenin / Battle of Nablus / "Determined Path" 2003 Ain es Saheb airstrike 2004 "Rainbow" / Beit Hanoun raid / "Days of Penitence"

Palestinian dissident
campaigns

2006–present	2006 "Bringing Home the Goods" 2008 Jerusalem yeshiva attack / Jerusalem bulldozer attack 2009 Al-Aqsa clashes 2010 Palestinian militancy campaign 2015–2016 violence 2017 Temple Mount crisis 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis 2022 Al-Aqsa clashes

Gaza–Israel
conflict

2006–present

2006 Gaza beach explosion / Gaza cross-border raid / "Summer Rains" / "Autumn Clouds" / Beit Hanoun shelling
2008 Egypt–Gaza border breach / "Hot Winter"
2008–2009 Gaza War
2010 Gaza flotilla raid
2012 "Returning Echo" / "Pillar of Defense"
2014 "Protective Edge"
2015 Freedom Flotilla III
2018 Gaza border protests / November clashes
2019 May clashes / "Black Belt"
2021 "Guardian of the Walls"
2022 "Breaking Dawn"
2023 "Shield and Arrow" / Israel–Hamas war

Diplomacy/law

Timeline

1948–1991	1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight depopulated towns and villages 1949 Lausanne Conference 1967–present Israeli settlement settler violence international law
1990s	1981–1982 Fahd Plan 1991 Madrid Conference 1993–1995 Oslo Accords 1994 Paris Protocol 1994 Gaza–Jericho Agreement 1994–present US security assistance to the PA 1997 Hebron Agreement 1998 Wye River Memorandum 1999 Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum
2000s	2000 Camp David Summit / Clinton Parameters 2001 Taba Summit 2002 Quartet established 2003 Road Map 2005 Israeli disengagement from Gaza 2005 Agreement on Movement and Access 2006 Valley of Peace initiative 2007 Annapolis Conference 2009 Aftonbladet Israel controversy
2010s	2010–11 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 2011 Palestine Papers 2013–2014 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 2023–present Gaza genocide

United Nations

Israel and the UN
Palestine and the UN
1947 UN Resolution 181
1948 UN Resolution 194
1967 UN Resolution 242
ICJ cases
- 2004 Wall construction
- 2023–present South African allegation of genocide
- 2024 Nicaragua v. Germany
- 2023–2024 Israeli occupation

Analysis
Anti-Palestinianism Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany Criticism Criticism of Hamas Criticism of Israel Israeli criticism of the occupation Media coverage Racism in Israel Racism in Palestine Timeline of anti-Zionism There was no such thing as Palestinians

Temple Mount / Al-Aqsa

Al-Aqsa

Prayer halls	Al-Aqsa Mosque Marwani Prayer Hall
Domes	Dome of the Ascension Dome of the Chain Dome of al-Khidr Dome of al-Khalili Dome of the Prophet Dome of the Rock Dome of the Spirits Dome of Yusuf Dome of Yusuf Agha
Fountains	Fountain of Qasim Pasha Fountain of Qayt Bay An-Nāranj Pool
Other structures	Islamic Museum Library Madrasas Ashrafiyya Tankiziyya Uthmaniyya Khatuniyya
Walls and entries	Minarets Al-Mawazin Gates Inspector's Cotton Merchants' Chain
See also	Jerusalem Islamic Waqf Al-Aqsa is in danger Murabitat Al-Aqsa massacre Al-Aqsa Flood

Jewish elements

Temple	Solomon's Temple Ark of the Covenant Tabernacle Second Temple Altar Sanctuary Holy of Holies Molten Sea Solomon's Porch Temple menorah Temple treasury Warren's Gate Temple denial Tisha B'Av Replicas Holyland Model of Jerusalem Schick models of Jerusalem Third Temple
Western Wall	Little Western Wall Dung Gate The Western Wall Heritage Foundation Mughrabi Bridge Placing notes Western Stone Wilson's Arch Western Stone Western Wall Tunnel
Prayer	Kotel compromise Western Wall Commission Advocacy groups HaLiba The Temple Institute Temple Mount Faithful Platoon of the Wall Pro–Wailing Wall Committee Women for the Wall Women of the Wall
Other	Shekhinah Mercy seat Boaz and Jachin Robinson's Arch Urn for ashes of the Red Heifer

Other components

Walls	Eastern Wall Southern Wall Hall of Hewn Stones
Antiquities	Foundation Stone Acra Antonia Fortress Birket Israel Hasmonean Baris Monastery of the Virgins Pool of Raranj Ptolemaic Baris Royal Stoa Solomon's Stables Struthion Pool
Gates	Al-Mawazin Golden Gate Huldah Gates Lions' Gate Warren's Gate "Beautiful Gate"

Excavations

Conflicts