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{{Short description|Species of crab}}
{{redirect2|Halloween crab|Halloween moon crab|the species of hermit crab|Halloween hermit crab}} {{redirect2|Halloween crab|Halloween moon crab|the species of hermit crab|Halloween hermit crab}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Italic title}}{{Taxobox
⚫ | name = ''Gecarcinus quadratus''
| image = Pacific land crab (Gecarcinus quadratus).jpg | image = Pacific land crab (Gecarcinus quadratus).jpg
| image caption = on Parida Island, Panama | image_caption = On Parida Island, Panama
⚫ | taxon = Gecarcinus quadratus
| regnum = ]ia
⚫ | authority = ], 1853
| phylum = ]a
| subphylum = ]
| classis = ]
| ordo = ]
| infraordo = ]
| familia = ]
| genus = '']''
| species = '''''G. quadratus'''''
| binomial = ''Gecarcinus quadratus''
⚫ | binomial_authority = ], 1853
}} }}


'''''Gecarcinus quadratus''''', known as the '''red land crab''',<ref name="Bright">{{cite journal |author=Donald B. Bright & Charles L. Hogue |year=1972 |title=A synopsis of burrowing land crabs of the World and list of their arthropod symbionts and burrow associates |journal=] |volume=220 |url=http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |format=] |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009030017/http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |archivedate=2010-10-09 }}</ref> '''whitespot crab''',<ref name="Bright"/> '''Halloween crab''',<ref name="Firefly">{{cite blog |url=http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2006/05/28/halloween-crab/ |title=Halloween Crab |work=The Firefly Forest |accessdate=July 28, 2011 |author=T. Beth Kinsey}}</ref> '''moon crab''', '''Halloween moon crab''', '''mouthless crab'''<ref name="Firefly"/> or '''harlequin land crab''',<ref name="Firefly"/> is a colourful ] from the ] ]. '''''Gecarcinus quadratus''''', known as the '''red land crab''',<ref name="Bright">{{cite journal |author=Donald B. Bright & Charles L. Hogue |year=1972 |title=A synopsis of burrowing land crabs of the World and list of their arthropod symbionts and burrow associates |journal=] |volume=220 |url=http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009030017/http://www.mosquitocatalog.org/files/pdfs/013600-0.pdf |archivedate=2010-10-09 }}</ref> '''whitespot crab''',<ref name="Bright"/> '''Halloween crab''',<ref name="Firefly">{{cite web |url=http://fireflyforest.net/firefly/2006/05/28/halloween-crab/ |title=Halloween Crab |work=The Firefly Forest |accessdate=July 28, 2011 |author=T. Beth Kinsey}}</ref> '''moon crab''', '''Halloween moon crab''', '''mouthless crab''',<ref name="Firefly"/> or '''harlequin land crab''',<ref name="Firefly"/> is a colourful ] from the ] ].


==Distribution== ==Distribution==
''G. quadratus'' is found in ], sand dunes and rainforest along the ] coast from ] south to ].<ref name=Abele1973>{{cite journal |author=Lawrence G. Abele, Michael H. Robinson & Barbara Robinson |year=1973 |title=Observations on sound productions by two species of crabs from Panama (Decapoda, Gecarcinidae and Pseudothelphusidae) |journal=] |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=147–152 |doi=10.1163/156854073X00795 |url=http://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/31468/31468.pdf |format=]}}</ref><ref name=Perger2014>{{cite journal |author=Robert Perger & Adam Wall |year=2014 |title=The description of a new species of the Neotropical land crab genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Gecarcinidae)|journal=] |volume=435 |pages=93–109 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.435.7271 |pmid=25152688 |pmc=4141188}}</ref> Previously it has also been reported from the Pacific coast of northwestern South America,<ref name=Abele1973/> but in 2014 this population was recognized as a separate species, '']''.<ref name=Perger2014/> ''Gecarcinus quadratus'' is found in ], sand dunes, and rainforests along the ] coast from ] south to ].<ref name=Abele1973>{{cite journal |author=Lawrence G. Abele, Michael H. Robinson & Barbara Robinson |year=1973 |title=Observations on sound productions by two species of crabs from Panama (Decapoda, Gecarcinidae and Pseudothelphusidae) |journal=] |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=147–152 |doi=10.1163/156854073X00795 |url=http://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/31468/31468.pdf }}</ref><ref name=Perger2014>{{cite journal |author=Robert Perger & Adam Wall |year=2014 |title=The description of a new species of the Neotropical land crab genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Gecarcinidae)|journal=] |issue=435 |pages=93–109 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.435.7271 |pmid=25152688 |pmc=4141188|doi-access=free |bibcode=2014ZooK..435...93P }}</ref> Previously it has also been reported from the Pacific coast of northwestern South America,<ref name=Abele1973/> but in 2014 this population was recognized as a separate species, '']''.<ref name=Perger2014/>


The ] in relation to the Atlantic '']'' is disputed, with many considering ''G. quadratus'' and ''G. lateralis'' to be ].<ref name=Perger2014/><ref name="Sherman">{{cite journal |author=Peter M. Sherman |year=2006 |title=Influence of land crabs ''Gecarcinus quadratus'' (Gecarcinidae) on distributions of organic carbon and roots in a Costa Rican rain forest |journal=] |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=149–161 |url=http://www.scielo.sa.cr/pdf/rbt/v54n1/3365.pdf |format=]}}</ref> The ] in relation to the Atlantic '']'' is disputed, with many considering ''G. quadratus'' and ''G. lateralis'' to be ].<ref name=Perger2014/><ref name="Sherman">{{cite journal |author=Peter M. Sherman |year=2006 |title=Influence of land crabs ''Gecarcinus quadratus'' (Gecarcinidae) on distributions of organic carbon and roots in a Costa Rican rain forest |url=https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/13987/13299 |journal=] |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=149–161 |pmid=18457184}}</ref>


==Description and behaviour== ==Description==
]]] ]]]
The carapace of ''G. quadratus'' may reach a length of {{convert|5|cm|in}}. It has a pair of largely purple ]s, red-orange legs, and an almost entirely black ] with a pair of yellow, orange or reddish spots behind the eyes, and an additional pair of whitish spots on the central-lower carapace.<ref name="Firefly"/><ref name=Perger2014/> The carapace of ''G. quadratus'' may reach a length of {{convert|5|cm|in|abbr=on}}. It has a pair of largely purple ]s, red-orange legs, and an almost entirely black ] with a pair of yellow, orange, purple or reddish spots behind the eyes, and an additional pair of whitish spots on the central-lower carapace.<ref name="Firefly"/><ref name=Perger2014/>


==Behaviour==
This ] crab digs ]s – sometimes as long as {{convert|1.5|m|ft}}<ref name="Sherman"/> – in the coastal ]s of ], and is common along the coasts of ], ], and ]. It lives in the forest at least some of its adult life, but needs to return to the ocean to breed.<ref name="Firefly"/> It is largely ], and consumes ] and ]s.<ref name="Sherman"/> This ] crab digs ]s—sometimes as long as {{convert|1.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="Sherman"/>—in the coastal ]s of ] and ], and is common along the coasts of Mexico, ], ], and ]. It lives in the forest for at least some of its adult life, but needs to return to the ocean to breed.<ref name="Firefly"/> It is largely ] and consumes ] and ]s.<ref name="Sherman"/>


==References== ==References==

Latest revision as of 13:12, 12 April 2024

Species of crab "Halloween crab" and "Halloween moon crab" redirect here. For the species of hermit crab, see Halloween hermit crab.

Gecarcinus quadratus
On Parida Island, Panama
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Brachyura
Family: Gecarcinidae
Genus: Gecarcinus
Species: G. quadratus
Binomial name
Gecarcinus quadratus
De Saussure, 1853

Gecarcinus quadratus, known as the red land crab, whitespot crab, Halloween crab, moon crab, Halloween moon crab, mouthless crab, or harlequin land crab, is a colourful land crab from the family Gecarcinidae.

Distribution

Gecarcinus quadratus is found in mangroves, sand dunes, and rainforests along the Pacific coast from Mexico south to Panama. Previously it has also been reported from the Pacific coast of northwestern South America, but in 2014 this population was recognized as a separate species, G. nobili.

The taxonomy in relation to the Atlantic G. lateralis is disputed, with many considering G. quadratus and G. lateralis to be conspecific.

Description

Gecarcinus quadratus in Panama

The carapace of G. quadratus may reach a length of 5 cm (2.0 in). It has a pair of largely purple claws, red-orange legs, and an almost entirely black carapace with a pair of yellow, orange, purple or reddish spots behind the eyes, and an additional pair of whitish spots on the central-lower carapace.

Behaviour

This nocturnal crab digs burrows—sometimes as long as 1.5 m (4.9 ft)—in the coastal rainforests of Mexico and Central America, and is common along the coasts of Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, and Nicaragua. It lives in the forest for at least some of its adult life, but needs to return to the ocean to breed. It is largely herbivorous and consumes leaf litter and seedlings.

References

  1. ^ Donald B. Bright & Charles L. Hogue (1972). "A synopsis of burrowing land crabs of the World and list of their arthropod symbionts and burrow associates" (PDF). Contributions in Science. 220. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-10-09.
  2. ^ T. Beth Kinsey. "Halloween Crab". The Firefly Forest. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
  3. ^ Lawrence G. Abele, Michael H. Robinson & Barbara Robinson (1973). "Observations on sound productions by two species of crabs from Panama (Decapoda, Gecarcinidae and Pseudothelphusidae)" (PDF). Crustaceana. 25 (2): 147–152. doi:10.1163/156854073X00795.
  4. ^ Robert Perger & Adam Wall (2014). "The description of a new species of the Neotropical land crab genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Gecarcinidae)". ZooKeys (435): 93–109. Bibcode:2014ZooK..435...93P. doi:10.3897/zookeys.435.7271. PMC 4141188. PMID 25152688.
  5. ^ Peter M. Sherman (2006). "Influence of land crabs Gecarcinus quadratus (Gecarcinidae) on distributions of organic carbon and roots in a Costa Rican rain forest". Revista de Biología Tropical. 54 (1): 149–161. PMID 18457184.

External links

Extant Gecarcinidae species
Cardisoma
Discoplax
Epigrapsus
Gecarcinus
Gecarcoidea
Johngarthia
Tuerkayana
Taxon identifiers
Gecarcinus quadratus
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