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| {{Short description|High Steward of Scotland}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | ||
| {{Use British English|date=August 2012}} | {{Use British English|date=August 2012}} | ||
| {{infobox |
{{infobox noble | ||
| | name = Alexander Stewart | | name = Alexander Stewart | ||
| | |
| birth_date = {{c.}} 1210 | ||
| | death_date = 1282 | |||
| | image = Basic Stewart arms.svg | | image = Basic Stewart arms.svg | ||
| | caption = Coat of arms of |
| caption = ] of Stewart, High Stewards of Scotland: ''Or, a fess chequy argent and azure''. The fess is an allusion to the chequered tablecloth used by the High Steward in the Court of Exchequer for counting money. | ||
| | title = 4th ] | | title = 4th ] | ||
| | tenure = |
| tenure = 1246–1282 | ||
| | predecessor = ] | | predecessor = ] | ||
| | successor = ] | | successor = ] | ||
| | nationality = ] | | nationality = ] | ||
| | parents = ] |
| parents = ] | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Alexander Stewart''' (c. 1210 – 1282), known as '''Alexander of Dundonald''', was a Scottish magnate who in 1241 succeeded his father as hereditary High Steward of Scotland.<ref name=Barrow>{{cite ODNB|article = Stewart family (c. 1110–c. 1350)|title = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography| author=G. W. S. Barrow|url = https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/49411| date=23 September 2004| doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/49411 |access-date=12 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="Paul">{{citation |title=The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom |url=https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun01pauluoft |page=13 |year=1904 |editor=Paul |editor-first=James Balfour |access-date=12 September 2022 |location=Edinburgh |editor-link=James Balfour Paul |publisher=T. and A. Constable}}</ref> | |||
| '''Alexander Stewart''' (died 1283), also known as '''Alexander of Dundonald''', was 4th hereditary ] from his father's death in 1246. | |||
| ==Origins== | ==Origins== | ||
| He was |
He was the son of ]. | ||
| ==Career== | ==Career== | ||
| He fought on the ] under King ], during which his younger brother John was killed at ] in Egypt in 1249.<ref name=Paul/> He also seems to have made a pilgrimage to ] in Spain and in honour of ] baptised his eldest surviving son James, a name rare before then in Scotland.<ref name=Barrow/> In 1255 he appears as one of the Regents of Scotland during the minority of King ].<ref name=Paul/> He commanded Scottish army at ] in October 1263, successfully defending Scotland against attempted invasion by King ].<ref name=Barrow/><ref name=Paul/> It appears to have been in his time that the Stewarts acquired the lordship of the ], with their castle at ].<ref name=Barrow/> He is recorded as playing a prominent part in affairs during the reign of Alexander, being referred to as ''senescallus Scotie'' (steward of Scotland) instead of the older ''dapifer regis Scotie'' (steward of the king of Scotland), so indicating that he held a major office of state that was significant nationally rather than just being a courtier in the royal household.<ref name=Barrow/> | |||
| He is said to have accompanied King ] on the ] (1248–1254).<ref>Simpson, David, ''The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts'', Edinburgh, 1713.</ref> In 1255 he was one of the councillors of King ], though under age.<ref>Anderson, William, ''The Scottish Nation'', Edinburgh, 1867, vol.ix, p.512</ref> | |||
| He died in 1282,<ref name=Barrow/> and was succeeded by his son James.<ref name=Barrow/><ref name=Paul/> | |||
| He was the principal commander under King Alexander III at the ], on 2 October 1263, when the Scots defeated the Norwegians under ]. The Scots invaded and conquered the ] the following year, which was then, together with the whole of the ], annexed to the Crown of Scotland.<ref>Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xli-xlii.</ref><ref>Anderson (1867) vil.ix, p.512</ref> | |||
| ==Family== | |||
| ==Marriage and issue== | |||
| His wife is said to have been named Jean,<ref name=Paul/> and they had four documented children: | |||
| He married Jean, heiress of the Isles of Bute and Arran, daughter of James Mac Angus (d.1210) (who, with his father and brothers, was killed by the men of Skye), son of ], Lord of Bute & Arran (younger son of ], King of the South Isles). By his wife he had the following issue:<ref>Sir James Balfour Paul. ''The Scots Peerage'': founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's, The Peerage of Scotland, (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas, 1904), vol. 1, p. 13.</ref><ref>Mosley, Charles, editor, ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage'', 107th ed., 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books, Ltd., 2003), vol. 1, p. 449.</ref> | |||
| *]<ref name=Barrow/><ref name=Paul/> | |||
| * ] (c. 1260-1309), eldest son and heir; grandfather of King ], the first Stewart ], and thus ancestor of all subsequent ] and of the post-Tudor ], later the ]. | |||
| *Sir ] of ]<ref name=Paul/> | |||
| * ] (d. 22 July 1298), 2nd son, who married Margaret de Bonkyll, the heiress of Bonkyll, by whom he had seven sons and one daughter. Ancestor of ], father of King ] of Scotland and England. He was killed in 1298 at the ].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paul |first1=James Balfour |title=The Scottish Peerage |date=1904 |page=169}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bunkle Castle |url=http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM2407 |website=Historic Environment Scotland}}</ref> | |||
| *Elizabeth Stewart, who married Sir ].<ref name=Paul/> | |||
| *Andrew Stewart,<ref name="ReferenceA">International Genealogical Index Source Batch No. 6020347, Sheet 65, Source Call No. 1621525</ref> third son,<ref>''Visitations of Cambridgeshire'', 1575 & 1619</ref> who married the daughter of James Bethe. He was the father of Sir Alexander Steward ("The Fierce") and an ancestor of ].<ref>], ''Memoirs of the Protectoral House of Cromwell'', London, 1757, vol.2, p.204</ref><ref>Foster, John, ''The Statesmen of the Commonwealth of England'', London, 1830, vol.4, p.305</ref><ref>Lauder-Frost, 2004, p.152.</ref> NB This is a duplicate of the entry in the next generation. | |||
| ⚫ | *Hawise Stewart, who married ]<ref>{{cite book |title=] |publisher=The St Catherine Press |year=1932 |editor1-last=Cokayne |editor1-first=GE |editor1-link=George Edward Cokayne |volume=8 |publication-place=London |editor2-last=Gibbs |editor2-first=V |editor2-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) |editor3-last=Doubleday |editor3-first=HA |editor4-last=Howard de Walden |editor-link4=Thomas Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron Howard de Walden}}</ref> | ||
| *Elizabeth Stewart (d. before 1288), who married ], Governor of ]. She was the mother of the ] ("Good Sir James Douglas").<ref>Maxwell, Sir Herbert, Bt., ''A History of the House of Douglas'', London, 1902, vol.1, p.28.</ref> | |||
| *Hawise Stewart, who married ] (died 1310), who was the ] and the brother of the ].<ref>] p. 206.</ref> | |||
| *Daughter (unknown name) married Alexander Lindsay of Barnweill | |||
| ==Sources== | |||
| ⚫ | *], 1722. Vol.1,p. |
||
| ⚫ | *Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii. | ||
| ⚫ | *Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. |
||
| ⚫ | *Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., ''The Rise of the Stewarts'', London, 1935, pp. |
||
| ⚫ | *The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, ''The Jacobite Peerage'' &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. |
||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 42: | Line 36: | ||
| ==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| ⚫ | * Lauder-Frost, Gregory, F.S.A.Scot., "East Anglian Stewarts" in The Scottish Genealogist, Dec.2004, vol.LI, no.4., pps:151-161. {{ISSN|0300-337X}} | ||
| ⚫ | *{{cite book |editor1-last=Cokayne |editor1-first=GE |editor1-link=George Edward Cokayne |editor2-last=Gibbs |editor2-first=V |editor2-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) |editor3-last=Doubleday |editor3-first=HA |editor4-last=Howard de Walden | |
||
| ⚫ | *{{cite journal |last=MacEwen |first=ABW |year=2011 |title=The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309) |journal=Foundations |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=391–398 |ref=M1 }} | ||
| ⚫ | * Lauder-Frost, Gregory, F.S.A.Scot., "East Anglian Stewarts" in The Scottish Genealogist, Dec.2004, vol.LI, no.4., pps:151-161. ISSN |
||
| ⚫ | *{{cite book |last=Sellar |first=WDH |authorlink=David Sellar |year=2000 |chapter=Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316 |editor1-last=Cowan |editor1-first=EJ |editor1-link=Edward J. Cowan |editor2-last=McDonald |editor2-first=RA |title=Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages |publisher=Tuckwell Press |publication-place=East Linton |pages=187–218 |isbn=1-86232-151-5 |ref=S1 }} | ||
| ⚫ | *{{cite journal |last=MacEwen |first=ABW |year=2011 |title=The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309) |journal=Foundations |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages= |
||
| ⚫ | *], 1722. Vol.1,p. 48; and appendix, page 149. | ||
| ⚫ | *{{cite book |last=Sellar |first=WDH | |
||
| ⚫ | *Burke, Messrs., ] and ], ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii. | ||
| ⚫ | *Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. 200. | ||
| ==External links== | |||
| ⚫ | *Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., ''The Rise of the Stewarts'', London, 1935, pp. 13–14. | ||
| ⚫ | *The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, ''The Jacobite Peerage'' &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. 8n. Agnatic ancestor of British kings. | ||
| {{s-start}} | {{s-start}} | ||
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| {{s-end}} | {{s-end}} | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, Alexander 4th High Steward of Scotland}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, Alexander, 4th High Steward of Scotland}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 18:50, 1 December 2024
High Steward of Scotland
| Alexander Stewart | |
|---|---|
| 4th High Steward of Scotland | |
 Coat of arms of Stewart, High Stewards of Scotland: Or, a fess chequy argent and azure. The fess is an allusion to the chequered tablecloth used by the High Steward in the Court of Exchequer for counting money. | |
| Tenure | 1246–1282 |
| Predecessor | Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland |
| Successor | James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland |
| Born | c. 1210 |
| Died | 1282 |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Parents | Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland |
Alexander Stewart (c. 1210 – 1282), known as Alexander of Dundonald, was a Scottish magnate who in 1241 succeeded his father as hereditary High Steward of Scotland.
Origins
He was the son of Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland.
Career
He fought on the Seventh Crusade under King Louis IX of France, during which his younger brother John was killed at Damietta in Egypt in 1249. He also seems to have made a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in Spain and in honour of the saint baptised his eldest surviving son James, a name rare before then in Scotland. In 1255 he appears as one of the Regents of Scotland during the minority of King Alexander III. He commanded Scottish army at Largs in October 1263, successfully defending Scotland against attempted invasion by King Haakon IV of Norway. It appears to have been in his time that the Stewarts acquired the lordship of the Cowal Peninsula, with their castle at Dunoon. He is recorded as playing a prominent part in affairs during the reign of Alexander, being referred to as senescallus Scotie (steward of Scotland) instead of the older dapifer regis Scotie (steward of the king of Scotland), so indicating that he held a major office of state that was significant nationally rather than just being a courtier in the royal household.
He died in 1282, and was succeeded by his son James.
Family
His wife is said to have been named Jean, and they had four documented children:
- James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland
- Sir John Stewart of Bonkyll
- Elizabeth Stewart, who married Sir William le Hardi, Lord of Douglas.
- Hawise Stewart, who married John de Soules
References
- ^ G. W. S. Barrow (23 September 2004). "Stewart family (c. 1110–c. 1350)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/49411. Retrieved 12 September 2022. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Paul, James Balfour, ed. (1904), The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: T. and A. Constable, p. 13, retrieved 12 September 2022
- Cokayne, GE; Gibbs, V; Doubleday, HA; Howard de Walden, eds. (1932). The Complete Peerage. Vol. 8. London: The St Catherine Press.
Bibliography
- Lauder-Frost, Gregory, F.S.A.Scot., "East Anglian Stewarts" in The Scottish Genealogist, Dec.2004, vol.LI, no.4., pps:151-161. ISSN 0300-337X
- MacEwen, ABW (2011). "The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309)". Foundations. 3 (5): 391–398.
- Sellar, WDH (2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218. ISBN 1-86232-151-5.
- Nisbet, Alexander, 1722. Vol.1,p. 48; and appendix, page 149.
- Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii.
- Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. 200.
- Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., The Rise of the Stewarts, London, 1935, pp. 13–14.
- The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, The Jacobite Peerage &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. 8n. Agnatic ancestor of British kings.
| Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland House of StewartBorn: 1214 Died: 1283 | ||
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byWalter Stewart | High Steward of Scotland 1246–1283 |
Succeeded byJames Stewart |