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{{Short description|15th Sultan of Sindh}}
{{context}}
{{Infobox royalty
⚫ == Jam Nizamuddin II ==
| name = Jam Nizamuddin II <br/><small>{{lang|sd|ڄام نظام الدين ثاني}}</small>
On the 25th of Rubee-ool-Awul, 866 (A. D. 1461), after the death of Jam Sunjur, he sat on the throne of the Sultanut. When he was firm as king, he raised on high the standard of his strong predominance. It is said, that at the commencement of his manhood he sought after knowledge, spending much of his time in the college and cloister. His disposition was modest and happy; he was celebrated for his good, affectionate temper; he offered much prayer to God, doing great abstinence. His excellences are beyond what little I can write. At the commencement of the reign of Jam Nizam-ood-deen, he went with a large force to Bukkur, remaining there one year, taking out by the roots those who thieved and disturbed the country. He placed in the fort of Bukkur great stores of provision, and requisites of every kind, appointing over it the son of one of his slaves. The people on the border were so well under his authority, that travellers went along the roads without apprehension. Having made all these arrangements in the space of one year, he returned to Tatta with his heart at ease (about A. D. 1509). For a period of forty-eight years he reigned at Tatta with absolute power; in his kingdom, the men of piety and learning, and the Fakeers, spent their time in great happiness, and the sepoys and Ryuts were in comfortable circumstances.
| title =
| image = Tomb of Sultan Jam Nizamuddin.jpg
| caption = Jam Nizamuddin II's tomb at ]
| succession = 15th ]
| reign = 1461–1508
| full name = Jam Nizamuddin (Nindo) bin Sadruddin
| predecessor = ]
| successor = ]
| dynasty = ]
| father = Jam Sadrudin bin Jam Unar (Banbhina)
| birth_date = 8 August 1440 <!-- {{birth date|yyyy|mm|dd|df=yes}} -->
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = 1509 (aged 68–69) <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|yyyy|mm|dd|df=yes}} -->
| death_place = ], ]
| burial_place = ], ]
| religion = ]
}}
]


'''Jám Nizámuddín II''' ({{langx|sd|ڄام نظام الدين ثاني}}; 1439–1509), also known as '''Jam Nizam al-Din''' or '''Jám Nindó''' ({{langx|sd|ڄام نندو|links=no}}), was the 15th ] from ] between 1461 and 1508&nbsp;CE. His capital was ] in modern-day southern ]. After his death, his son ]udin lost the Sultanate in 1525&nbsp;CE to an invading army of Shah Beg Arghun,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-04-11 |title=Grave Tales |url=http://www.hindu.com/mag/2004/04/11/stories/2004041100590800.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040907145359/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2004/04/11/stories/2004041100590800.htm |archive-date=2004-09-07 |work=] |accessdate=2009-03-12}}</ref> who had been thrown out of Kandahar by ].
Jam Nizam-ood-deen and Sultan Hoosain Lungah of Mooltan were contemporary friends. Between them there were many roads of esteem and friendship; they were always sending something to each other.
The Jam was in the habit of visiting the stable every week. He was in the habit of stroking the horses down the face with his hands, saying— “Oh my wealthy one! I do not want to mount you, unless to go against Kafirs, because on all sides the rulers are Musulmans; do you ask of God, that I may not go beyond the order of the laws of Mahomed, and that no one may come against me. God forbid that the blood of any Musulman should flow, so that I should have shame before God!”
During the time of his rule, Mahomedan rules attained so much life, that my understanding does not extend beyond them. The congregations of both great and small assembled in the Musjids; no one was willing to say his prayers alone. If any one was not present with the congregation, he repented, begging forgiveness for two or three days.


==Tomb==
In the latter days of the reign of Jam Nizam-ood-deen, the forces of Shah Beg Urghoon, coming from Kandahar, fell upon many villages of Chundooha and Sideejuh. The Jam sent a large force to expel these Moguls, which arrived at Duruh-i-Kureeb, commonly known as Joolow Geer, where a battle was fought, in which the brother of Shah Beg was killed, and his forces being defeated, they turned the bridle of retreat towards Kandahar; and during the life of Jam Nizam-ood-deen they did not come back again.
Nizamuddin's grave is located on ] and part of the world heritage site of Historical Monuments at Makli.<ref> UNESCO Retrieved 14 June 2014</ref> The tomb is an impressive stone structure with fine ornamental carving similar to the 15th-century Gujrat style.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawn: The necropolis of Sindh by Omar Mukhtar Khan |url=http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/011111/dmag10.htm |url-status=dead |accessdate=2009-03-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006011315/http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/011111/dmag10.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2008}}</ref> It has been restored but suffers from cracks and wall distortions caused by rough weathering and erosion of the slope on which it stands.<ref>''The Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din, documentation and condition survey''. Heritage Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan. 2011.</ref>


Cousens wrote in ''The Antiquities of Sind'':<ref>Henry Cousens, The Antiquities of Sind, Archaeological Survey of India 46, Imperial Series (Calcutta, 1929, rptd. Karachi, 1975).</ref>
The Jam spent much time in discoursing on knowledge, with the learned of those times.
In his time Moulana Julal-ood-deen Mahomed Dewanee, proposing to come from Shiraz to Sind, sent Meer Shums, and Meer Mooneen, both his disciples, to Tatta, to ask the Jam to give him a place to live in. The Jam fixed upon a very handsome residence for him, settling the requisites for his subsistence, sending by his two disciples much money for his road expenses. But before these came, Moulana had travelled to another world: Meer Shums and Meer Mooneen, recollecting the society of the Jam, returned back to Tatta.


{{blockquote|His tomb is in the necropolis on Makli Hill. It is square in the plan but the dome was never constructed, work stopped when the walls reached the ]. On the exterior of the building there are twelve bands of decoration running around the building from top to bottom comprising diamonds, lotuses, Quranic inscriptions, and geometric patterns. There are two unusual features: the mihrab in the interior and the corresponding balcony on the exterior. This type of balcony recalls those in Gujarat therefore it is possible that craftsmen from Gujarat were responsible for this tomb. This is a close view of a section of the wall, showing the richly carved balcony and the bands of decorative carving along the wall.}}
Some time after this, Jam Nizam-ood-deen raised on high the banner of his departure to the world eternal.


==See also==
After his death, much dissension arose in the condition of the people of Sind.
* ]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{source attribution|''History of Sind – translated from Persian books'' by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853–1929), published in ] in 1902}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*

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Latest revision as of 12:51, 1 January 2025

15th Sultan of Sindh
Jam Nizamuddin II
ڄام نظام الدين ثاني
Jam Nizamuddin II's tomb at Makli Necropolis
15th Sultan of Sindh
Reign1461–1508
PredecessorJam Sanjar
SuccessorJam Feruz
Born8 August 1440
Thatta, Sindh
Died1509 (aged 68–69)
Thatta, Sindh
BurialMakli Hill, Pakistan
Names
Jam Nizamuddin (Nindo) bin Sadruddin
DynastySamma dynasty
FatherJam Sadrudin bin Jam Unar (Banbhina)
ReligionSunni Islam
Tomb of Jam Nizamuddin, Makli necropolis

Jám Nizámuddín II (Sindhi: ڄام نظام الدين ثاني; 1439–1509), also known as Jam Nizam al-Din or Jám Nindó (Sindhi: ڄام نندو), was the 15th Sultan of Sindh from Samma dynasty between 1461 and 1508 CE. His capital was Thatta in modern-day southern Pakistan. After his death, his son Jám Ferózudin lost the Sultanate in 1525 CE to an invading army of Shah Beg Arghun, who had been thrown out of Kandahar by Babur.

Tomb

Nizamuddin's grave is located on Makli Hill and part of the world heritage site of Historical Monuments at Makli. The tomb is an impressive stone structure with fine ornamental carving similar to the 15th-century Gujrat style. It has been restored but suffers from cracks and wall distortions caused by rough weathering and erosion of the slope on which it stands.

Cousens wrote in The Antiquities of Sind:

His tomb is in the necropolis on Makli Hill. It is square in the plan but the dome was never constructed, work stopped when the walls reached the springing line. On the exterior of the building there are twelve bands of decoration running around the building from top to bottom comprising diamonds, lotuses, Quranic inscriptions, and geometric patterns. There are two unusual features: the mihrab in the interior and the corresponding balcony on the exterior. This type of balcony recalls those in Gujarat therefore it is possible that craftsmen from Gujarat were responsible for this tomb. This is a close view of a section of the wall, showing the richly carved balcony and the bands of decorative carving along the wall.

See also

References

  1. Ephrat, Daphna; Wolper, Ethel Sara; Pinto, Paulo G. (7 December 2020). Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power across Time and Place. BRILL. p. 276. ISBN 978-90-04-44427-0.
  2. "Grave Tales". The Hindu. 2004-04-11. Archived from the original on 2004-09-07. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  3. Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta UNESCO Retrieved 14 June 2014
  4. "Dawn: The necropolis of Sindh by Omar Mukhtar Khan". Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  5. The Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din, documentation and condition survey. Heritage Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan. 2011.
  6. Henry Cousens, The Antiquities of Sind, Archaeological Survey of India 46, Imperial Series (Calcutta, 1929, rptd. Karachi, 1975).
  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: History of Sind – translated from Persian books by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853–1929), published in Karachi in 1902

External links

Jam Nizamuddin II Samma dynastyBorn: 1439 Died: 1509
Regnal titles
Preceded byJam Sanjar Sultan of Sindh
1461-1508 		Succeeded byJam Feroz
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