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== History == == History ==
The sandstone fountain was designed by ], and sculptured by Johann Konrad Koch and stonemasoner Angerer. It was commitioned by king ], together with the city ] system, becoming its first functional element on 15 August 1732. It was placed at the ] (then known as the ''Horse Market''), next to tenements at 18 and 19 Koński Kierat Street. The fountain originally had its surface covered with ], and it featured four sculptures of ]s, standing bellow the fountain bowl.<ref name=bip>{{cite web|url=http://www.um.szczecin.pl/chapter_59232.asp?soid=703F793BFF00428589F757692B90DF03|website=um.szczecin.pl|language=pl|title=Fontanna Orła Białego}}</ref> The sandstone fountain was designed by ], and sculptured by Johann Konrad Koch and stonemasoner Angerer. It was commissioned by king ], together with the city ] system, becoming its first functional element on 15 August 1732. It was placed at the ] (then known as the ''Horse Market''), next to tenements at 18 and 19 Koński Kierat Street. The fountain originally had its surface covered with ], and it featured four sculptures of ]s, standing below the fountain bowl.<ref name=bip>{{cite web|url=http://www.um.szczecin.pl/chapter_59232.asp?soid=703F793BFF00428589F757692B90DF03|website=um.szczecin.pl|language=pl|title=Fontanna Orła Białego}}</ref>


By the second half of 19th century, it had badly deteriorated, and was at risk of being removed. It was preserved and renovated thanks to efforts of James Hobrecht, the designer of the city water system.<ref name=bip/> By the second half of 19th century, it had badly deteriorated, and was at risk of being removed. It was preserved and renovated thanks to efforts of James Hobrecht, the designer of the city water system.<ref name=bip/>


It was moved between 1862 and 1866, to its current location, infront of the ] (now replaced with ]), which was the residence of the ] and ] of the ], ]. It was placed on a small platform with three-step staircase, and surrounded with a metal fance, which would eventually be removed in the 1930s.<ref name=bip/> It was moved between 1862 and 1866, to its current location, in front of the ] (now replaced with ]), which was the residence of the ] and ] of the ], ]. It was placed on a small platform with three-step staircase, and surrounded with a metal fence, which would eventually be removed in the 1930s.<ref name=bip/>


During the ], the fountain was burried in a mound of gravel to protect it from air raid bombings. It was reactivated in 1946.<ref name=bip/> During the ], the fountain was buried in a mound of gravel to protect it from air raid bombings. It was reactivated in 1946.<ref name=bip/>


It was renovated between 1990 and 1992, and again between 2005 and 2006. During the latter, foundations of the fountain and its fance were restored.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs>{{cite web|url=https://visitszczecin.eu/pl/kultura/345-fontanna-orla-bialego&ved=2ahUKEwjk9Yiw4NOKAxWHQVUIHdRXBFUQFnoECDcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3DQetfXssK0mxPjkHdaeW4|title=Fontanna Orła Białego|website=visitszczecin.eu}}</ref> It was turned off in 2014, to preserve the object and not rist futher weathering due to flowing water.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://radioszczecin.pl/1,112610,fontanna-na-orla-bialego-fontanna-juz-nie-bedzie|website=radioszczecin.pl|title=Fontanna na Orła Białego fontanną już nie będzie?|date=10 June 2014}}</ref> It was renovated between 1990 and 1992, and again between 2005 and 2006. During the latter, foundations of the fountain and its fance were restored.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs>{{cite web|url=https://visitszczecin.eu/pl/kultura/345-fontanna-orla-bialego&ved=2ahUKEwjk9Yiw4NOKAxWHQVUIHdRXBFUQFnoECDcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3DQetfXssK0mxPjkHdaeW4|title=Fontanna Orła Białego|website=visitszczecin.eu}}</ref> It was turned off in 2014, to preserve the object and not rist further weathering due to flowing water.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://radioszczecin.pl/1,112610,fontanna-na-orla-bialego-fontanna-juz-nie-bedzie|website=radioszczecin.pl|title=Fontanna na Orła Białego fontanną już nie będzie?|date=10 June 2014}}</ref>


== Characteristics == == Characteristics ==
The base of the ] ] fountain has a shape of a ]. Its centre features a quadrangular pillar, with semicircular closed niches. Each side features a ] with fater flowing out of their mouth into small bowls shaped like shells. At the top of the pillar is placed a large bowl with an eagle with spread wings, sitting on a a pile of rock, which features several small lizards and turtles. Eagle has its head risen up with water flowing out of his open beak. It wears a crown. The spreaded wings were originally meant to symbolise Kings of Prussia protecting their subjects.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs/> The base of the ] ] fountain has a shape of a ]. Its centre features a quadrangular pillar, with semicircular closed niches. Each side features a ] with water flowing out of their mouth into small bowls shaped like shells. At the top of the pillar is placed a large bowl with an eagle with spread wings, sitting on a pile of rock, which features several small lizards and turtles. Eagle has its head risen up with water flowing out of his open beak. It wears a crown. The spread wings were originally meant to symbolise Kings of Prussia protecting their subjects.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs/>


The fountain is placed at the ] in front of the ]. It stands on a small elevation, and is surrounded by a black metal fence.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs/> The fountain is placed at the ] in front of the ]. It stands on a small elevation, and is surrounded by a black metal fence.<ref name=bip/><ref name=vs/>
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] ]
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] ]
] ]
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Latest revision as of 10:17, 8 January 2025

Baroque fountain in Szczecin, Poland
White Eagle Fountain
The fountain in 2022.
Artist
Year15 August 1732
TypeFountain
MediumSandston
LocationSzczecin, Poland
Coordinates53°25′34.00″N 14°33′17.28″E / 53.4261111°N 14.5548000°E / 53.4261111; 14.5548000

The White Eagle Fountain (Polish: Fontanna Orła Białego; German: Brunnen des Weißen Adlers), known until 1945 as the Horse Market Fountain (German: Brunnen auf dem Roßmarkt; Roßmarktbrunnen), is a Baroque sandstone fountain in Szczecin, Poland. It is placed at the White Eagle Square, in front of the Globe Palace, within the Old Town neighbourhood of the Downtown district. The fountain was designed by Johann Friedrich Grael, and sculptured by Johann Konrad Koch, and unveiled on 15 August 1732.

History

The sandstone fountain was designed by Johann Friedrich Grael, and sculptured by Johann Konrad Koch and stonemasoner Angerer. It was commissioned by king Frederick William I of Prussia, together with the city water supply system, becoming its first functional element on 15 August 1732. It was placed at the White Eagle Square (then known as the Horse Market), next to tenements at 18 and 19 Koński Kierat Street. The fountain originally had its surface covered with polychrome, and it featured four sculptures of griffins, standing below the fountain bowl.

By the second half of 19th century, it had badly deteriorated, and was at risk of being removed. It was preserved and renovated thanks to efforts of James Hobrecht, the designer of the city water system.

It was moved between 1862 and 1866, to its current location, in front of the Grumkov Palace (now replaced with Globe Palace), which was the residence of the chancellor and supreme president of the Province of Pomerania, Philipp Otto von Grumbkow. It was placed on a small platform with three-step staircase, and surrounded with a metal fence, which would eventually be removed in the 1930s.

During the Second World War, the fountain was buried in a mound of gravel to protect it from air raid bombings. It was reactivated in 1946.

It was renovated between 1990 and 1992, and again between 2005 and 2006. During the latter, foundations of the fountain and its fance were restored. It was turned off in 2014, to preserve the object and not rist further weathering due to flowing water.

Characteristics

The base of the Baroque sandstone fountain has a shape of a barbed quatrefoil. Its centre features a quadrangular pillar, with semicircular closed niches. Each side features a mascaron with water flowing out of their mouth into small bowls shaped like shells. At the top of the pillar is placed a large bowl with an eagle with spread wings, sitting on a pile of rock, which features several small lizards and turtles. Eagle has its head risen up with water flowing out of his open beak. It wears a crown. The spread wings were originally meant to symbolise Kings of Prussia protecting their subjects.

The fountain is placed at the White Eagle Square in front of the Globe Palace. It stands on a small elevation, and is surrounded by a black metal fence.

Gallery

  • The sculpture of the eagle with flowing water The sculpture of the eagle with flowing water
  • The sculpture of the eagle The sculpture of the eagle
  • Back of the fountain Back of the fountain

References

  1. ^ "Fontanna Orła Białego". um.szczecin.pl (in Polish).
  2. ^ "Fontanna Orła Białego". visitszczecin.eu.
  3. "Fontanna na Orła Białego fontanną już nie będzie?". radioszczecin.pl. 10 June 2014.
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