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*{{Cite book|title=A History of Old Inner Asia|date=2003|isbn=978-975-437-656-2 }} *{{Cite book|title=A History of Old Inner Asia|date=2003|isbn=978-975-437-656-2 }}
*{{Cite book|title=Ancient Turks|date=2002|isbn=978-975-883-905-6 }} *{{Cite book|title=Ancient Turks|date=2002|isbn=978-975-883-905-6 }}
*{{Cite book|last=Beckwit |first=Christopher|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=7G61UifCEZMC&q=sogdian+qutayba&pg=PA77&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=sogdian%20qutayba&f=false|title= The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power Among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese During the Early Middle Ages|date=1993 |publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-02469-3}} *{{Cite book|last=Beckwit |first=Christopher|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7G61UifCEZMC&q=sogdian+qutayba&pg=PA77|title= The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power Among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese During the Early Middle Ages|date=1993 |publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-02469-3}}


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Latest revision as of 23:37, 14 January 2025

712 battle between the Umayyad Caliphate and Göktürk Khaganate
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Battle of Arbijan
Date712
LocationSamarkand (today Uzbekistan)
Result Umayyad Victory
Belligerents
Umayyad Caliphate Göktürk Khaganate
Commanders and leaders
Qutayba ibn Muslim Inel Qaghan
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown

The Battle of Arbijan was a battle that led the Umayyads to defeat the Göktürks and capture Samarkand. In 712, when the Umayyads attacked Samarkand, a Göktürk vassal the city's leader Ghurak, requested help from the Göktürks. The Göktürks accepted the request for help and sent an army led by Inel Qaghan against the Umayyad army that was besieging Samarkand. Qutayba bin Muslim, who was aware of the situation, immediately sent an army to defeat the Turks, and this army organized a night raid and defeated the Gokturks. This defeat is mentioned in the Gokturk inscriptions as "brave soldiers attacked us". At the end of the battle, the Arabs captured Samarkand and they managed to expel the Gokturks from Transoxian

References

Citations

  1. S.G Klyashtornıy, Orta-Asya Milletlerinin Araplar'a Karşı Mücadelelerine Dair, p.772
  2. S.G Klyaştornıy, Orta-Asya Milletlerinin Araplar'a Karşı Mücadelelerine Dair, p.772
  3. Istvan Vasary, A History of Old Inner Asia, pp. 121–122
  4. Christopher I. Beckwith,The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia,p.77
  5. Lev Gumilev, Ancient Turks, pp. 370–371
  6. Jonathan Karam Skaff, Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors, p.50
  7. Soren Stark, The Arab Conquest of Bukhārā: Reconsidering Qutayba b. Muslim’s Campaigns 87‒90 H/706‒709 CE, p.390
  8. Lev Gumilev, Ancient Turks, p.371

General

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