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'''Obstacle departure procedure''' (ODP) is a type of departure procedure that provides obstruction clearance via the least onerous route from an airport to an appropriate en-route structure. Pilots can fly ODPs without prior clearance unless assigned a ] or radar vectored by ]s.<ref name="IFH">{{cite book |title=Instrument Flying Handbook |date=2012 |publisher=] Flight Standards Service |edition=FAA-H-8083-15B |url=https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/FAA-H-8083-15B.pdf |chapter=Chapter 10. IFR Flight |pages=5}}</ref> Unlike ]s, ODPs are generally developed for smaller airports.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zimmerman |first1=John |title=It’s time to reform Obstacle Departure Procedures |url=https://airfactsjournal.com/2021/11/its-time-to-reform-obstacle-departure-procedures/ |website=Air Facts Journal |access-date=14 January 2025 |date=8 November 2021}}</ref> '''Obstacle departure procedure''' (ODP) is a type of departure procedure that provides obstruction clearance via the least onerous route from an airport to an appropriate en-route structure. Pilots can fly ODPs without prior clearance unless assigned a ] or radar vectored by ]s.<ref name="IFH">{{cite book |title=Instrument Flying Handbook |date=2012 |publisher=] Flight Standards Service |edition=FAA-H-8083-15B |url=https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/FAA-H-8083-15B.pdf |chapter=Chapter 10. IFR Flight |pages=5}}</ref>


== Print == == Print ==
ODPs may be designed using either conventional or ] (RNAV) criteria. ODPS can be either graphical or textual; graphical ODPs always note "(OBSTACLE)" in the title.<ref name="IFH" /> ODPs may be designed using either conventional or ] (RNAV) criteria. ODPS can be either graphical or textual; graphical ODPs always note "(OBSTACLE)" in the title.<ref name="IFH" />


== Assessment == == Development ==
When an airport is being analyzed for designing an instrument approach procedure, an obstacle departure procedure assessment is conducted first. If an aircraft can depart at 200ft per nautical mile without running into any obstacles within the assessment area, no ODP will be established. Otherwise, an ODP is included with the instrument procedure. The OPD is developed assuming all aircraft engines are in normal operation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Obstacle Departure Procedures |url=https://pilotworkshop.com/tips/when-fly-odp/ |website=PilotWorkshops |access-date=14 January 2025 |author=Wally Moran}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Neil Singer |title=Obstacle departure procedures |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2013/may/pilot/obstacle-departure-procedures |publisher=] |access-date=14 January 2025 |language=en |date=5 May 2013}}</ref> When an airport is being analyzed for designing an ], an obstacle departure procedure assessment is conducted first. Pass the departure end of the runway, Surveyors establish an obstacle clearance surface (OCS), which is an imaginary surface that rises at a 40:1 ratio under standard conditions, or 152ft per nautical miles. The OCS can rise more steeply if terrain or other obstacles are present. Pass the departure end of the runway at 35ft above ground, if an aircraft can maintain 48ft per nautical mile clearance above the OCS, or maintain a climb rate of 200ft per nautical mile for standard 40:1 ratio OCS, no ODP will be established. Otherwise, an ODP is included with the instrument procedure.<ref>{{cite web |title=Obstacle Departure Procedures |url=https://pilotworkshop.com/tips/when-fly-odp/ |website=PilotWorkshops |access-date=14 January 2025 |author=Wally Moran}}</ref><ref name="AOPA2016" />

Commonly, ODPs are developed under the assumption that the aircraft will:<ref>{{cite web |author1=Neil Singer |title=Obstacle departure procedures |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2013/may/pilot/obstacle-departure-procedures |publisher=] |access-date=14 January 2025 |language=en |date=5 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=IFR Departure - Instrument Proficiency Check Review Guide |url=https://www.faasafety.gov/gslac/alc/course_content.aspx?cID=38&sID=215 |publisher=] |access-date=14 January 2025 |language=en}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
* Cross the departure end at least 35 feet above runway departure end elevation;
* Climb to 400 feet above runway departure end elevation before turning;
* Maintain climb gradient > 200 ft per nautical mile until reaching minimum ] altitude.

Unlike ]s, ODPs are generally developed for smaller airports.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zimmerman |first1=John |title=It’s time to reform Obstacle Departure Procedures |url=https://airfactsjournal.com/2021/11/its-time-to-reform-obstacle-departure-procedures/ |website=Air Facts Journal |access-date=14 January 2025 |date=8 November 2021}}</ref> It is also assumed that all aircraft engines are in normal operation during the climb, as opposed to being a safeguard for twin engine planes with one engine inoperative.<ref name="AOPA2016">{{cite web |author1=Thomas A. Horne |title=On Instruments: Launch rules |url=https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2016/october/pilot/on-instruments-launch-rules |publisher=] |access-date=14 January 2025 |language=en |date=10 January 2016}}</ref>


== References == == References ==

Latest revision as of 00:41, 17 January 2025

Example of a published textual obstacle departure procedure

Obstacle departure procedure (ODP) is a type of departure procedure that provides obstruction clearance via the least onerous route from an airport to an appropriate en-route structure. Pilots can fly ODPs without prior clearance unless assigned a standard instrument departure or radar vectored by air traffic controllers.

Print

ODPs may be designed using either conventional or area navigation (RNAV) criteria. ODPS can be either graphical or textual; graphical ODPs always note "(OBSTACLE)" in the title.

Development

When an airport is being analyzed for designing an instrument approach procedure, an obstacle departure procedure assessment is conducted first. Pass the departure end of the runway, Surveyors establish an obstacle clearance surface (OCS), which is an imaginary surface that rises at a 40:1 ratio under standard conditions, or 152ft per nautical miles. The OCS can rise more steeply if terrain or other obstacles are present. Pass the departure end of the runway at 35ft above ground, if an aircraft can maintain 48ft per nautical mile clearance above the OCS, or maintain a climb rate of 200ft per nautical mile for standard 40:1 ratio OCS, no ODP will be established. Otherwise, an ODP is included with the instrument procedure.

Commonly, ODPs are developed under the assumption that the aircraft will:

  • Cross the departure end at least 35 feet above runway departure end elevation;
  • Climb to 400 feet above runway departure end elevation before turning;
  • Maintain climb gradient > 200 ft per nautical mile until reaching minimum IFR altitude.

Unlike Standard Instrument Departures, ODPs are generally developed for smaller airports. It is also assumed that all aircraft engines are in normal operation during the climb, as opposed to being a safeguard for twin engine planes with one engine inoperative.

References

  1. ^ "Chapter 10. IFR Flight". Instrument Flying Handbook (PDF) (FAA-H-8083-15B ed.). Federal Aviation Administration Flight Standards Service. 2012. p. 5.
  2. Wally Moran. "Obstacle Departure Procedures". PilotWorkshops. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
  3. ^ Thomas A. Horne (10 January 2016). "On Instruments: Launch rules". AOPA. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
  4. Neil Singer (5 May 2013). "Obstacle departure procedures". AOPA. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
  5. "IFR Departure - Instrument Proficiency Check Review Guide". Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved 14 January 2025. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. Zimmerman, John (8 November 2021). "It's time to reform Obstacle Departure Procedures". Air Facts Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
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