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| next_election = |
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| next_election = |
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| next_year = |
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| next_year = |
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| election_date = In or before 2029 |
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| election_date = By 2029 |
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| seats_for_election = All 183 seats in the ] |
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| seats_for_election = All 183 seats in the ] |
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| majority_seats = 92 |
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| majority_seats = 92 |
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| swing1 = |
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| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Karl Nehammer 2023.jpg|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=133|oLeft=6}} |
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| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=|bSize=110|cWidth=100|cHeight=133|oLeft=4}} |
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| leader2 = ] (acting) |
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| leader2 = ]{{efn|Acting.}} |
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| party2 = Austrian People's Party |
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| party2 = Austrian People's Party |
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| colour2 = {{Party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}} |
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| colour2 = {{Party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}} |
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| title = ] |
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| title = ] |
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| before_election = TBD |
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| before_election = '']'' (caretaker) |
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| before_party = |
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| before_party = ] |
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| after_election = |
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}} |
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Legislative elections will be held in Austria by 2029 to elect the 29th National Council, which is the lower house of the country's bicameral parliament.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=4 Jan 2024 |title=The Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer will resign after talks on forming a government collapsed |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/01/04/the-austrian-chancelor-karl-nehammer-resignes-after-talks-on-forming-a-government-collapse |access-date=2025-01-04 |website=] |quote=The Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer will resign after talks on forming a government collapsed.}}</ref> |
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Legislative elections will be held in Austria by 2029 to elect the 29th National Council, the lower house of Austria's bicameral parliament. |
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Coalition talks between the ], ], and ] collapsed after the ]. After, ] his resignation as both ] and ÖVP's leader.<ref name=":0" /> ] has conditioned any coalition agreement on the hard right ] becoming Chancellor, who supports the ] of ] and ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2025-01-04 |title=EXPLAINED: So what happens next after Austria's coalition talks collapse? |url=https://www.thelocal.at/20250104/explained-so-what-happens-next-after-austrias-coalition-talks-collapse |access-date=2025-01-04 |website=The Local Austria |language=en}}</ref> A snap election will almost certainly be called if ÖVP does not agree to this.<ref name=":1" /> Political analysts have stated that this would almost certainly lead to a further weakening of ÖVP's position, as polls have found a growing and significant lead for the ] and ] FPÖ, which has become the dominant party of the ].<ref name=":1" /> |
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==Background== |
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==Background== |
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The ] resulted in the ] (FPÖ) becoming the largest party in parliament for the first time. The ] (ÖVP) finished in second place after suffering significant losses and the ] (SPÖ) dropped to third place for the first time in the party's history even though its vote share was almost identical to the ]. ] also obtained its best-ever result while the ] remained in parliament albeit with a reduced seat share. No other party was able to clear the 4% threshold to win seats. |
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The ] resulted in the ] (FPÖ) becoming the largest party in parliament for the first time. The ] (ÖVP) finished in second place after suffering significant losses and the ] (SPÖ) dropped to third place for the first time in the party's history even though its vote share was almost identical to the ]. ] also obtained its best-ever result while the ] remained in parliament albeit with a reduced seat share. No other party was able to clear the 4% threshold to win seats. |
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== Leading issues == |
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=== Cultural issues === |
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Cultural issues are expected to play a leading role in the election. Disagreements over the matter played a role in collapsing a potential three-way coalition between the ÖVP, SPÖ, and NEOS.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Economy === |
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The economy is expected to play a leading role in the election.<ref name=":0" /> Disagreements over the matter played a role in collapsing a potential three-way coalition between the ÖVP, SPÖ, and NEOS.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Immigration and ethnic politics === |
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] demonstrating in Vienna|300px]] |
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] and ] are expected to be leading themes of the 2025 election. In Austria, ] has popularized the notion of a ]" in the country, the notion that ethnic Europeans are being "replaced"and losing political, cultural, social, and ethnic influence due to intentional mass non-white immigration. By April 2019, a branch of the ], who at the time were in ] as a junior partner with the ], announced a "national call for remigration".<ref name="beyond identity">{{cite news |date=April 12, 2019 |title=La "remigration", un concept qui essaime au-delà des identitaires |trans-title=Remigration, a concept that goes beyond identity |url=https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2019/04/12/la-remigration-un-concept-qui-essaime-au-dela-des-identitaires_1720908 |newspaper=] |language=fr |quote=A key concept of French identity thought, remigration is a new euphemism for an old phenomenon, namely the forced displacement of entire populations. This notion is an integral part of the ideological project of the identity movement and figures prominently in its literature}}</ref> By the ], the FPÖ heavily emphasised remigration, particularly to Islamic countries.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 August 2024 |title=Leidende FPÖ zet bij Oostenrijkse verkiezingen in op remigratie |url=https://www.msn.com/nl-be/nieuws/politiek/leidende-fp%C3%B6-zet-bij-oostenrijkse-verkiezingen-in-op-remigratie/ar-AA1pbj84?ocid=BingNewsVerp |work=MSN}}</ref> Kickl is an advocate for ], which he and the FPÖ define as the deportation of immigrants and their descendants, including citizens, who refuse to integrate.<ref name="Monde">{{cite web |date=28 September 2024 |title=In Austria, the far-right leader, Herbert Kickl, is campaigning for 'remigration' |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/09/28/in-austria-the-far-right-leader-herbert-kickl-is-campaigning-for-remigration_6727530_4.html |website=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 August 2024 |title=Leading FPÖ focuses on remigration in Austrian elections |url=https://www.msn.com/nl-be/nieuws/politiek/leidende-fp%C3%B6-zet-bij-oostenrijkse-verkiezingen-in-op-remigratie/ar-AA1pbj84 |website=MSN |language=nl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 September 2024 |title=Herbert Kickl: sharp-tongued leader of Austria's far right |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240929-herbert-kickl-sharp-tongued-leader-of-austria-s-far-right |website=]}}</ref> In June 2024 he called for the ] to establish a "remigration commissioner".<ref>{{cite web |date=12 June 2024 |title=Austria far right calls for EU ‘remigration’ commissioner |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/migration/news/austria-far-right-calls-for-eu-remigration-commissioner/ |website=]}}</ref> Kickl's 2024 federal election campaign focused heavily on opposing immigration and advocating remigration, in order to retore the "homogeneous" nature of the Austrian people; Kickl had been calling for a "Fortress Austria" since 2023.<ref name="Monde" /><ref>{{cite web |date=27 September 2024 |title=‘This is the normalisation of racism’: apprehension at prospect of election success for Austria’s far right |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/26/this-is-the-normalisation-of-racism-apprehension-at-prospect-of-election-success-for-austrias-far-right |website=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=29 January 2023 |title=Right on the rise in elections in Lower Austria |url=https://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/politik/kanzlerpartei-landtagswahl-in-niederoesterreich-oevp-unter-druck-id65327316.html |website=] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=19 January 2023 |title="Fortress Austria": Kickl sees "antonym to the asylum magnet Austria" |url=https://www.vienna.at/festung-oesterreich-kickl-sieht-gegenbegriff-zum-asylmagneten-oesterreich/7854298 |website=Vienna.at |language=de}}</ref> |
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==Electoral system== |
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==Electoral system== |
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==Opinion polls== |
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==Opinion polls== |
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{|class=wikitable |
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] |
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|] |
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|Local regression of the voter intention polling for the next Austrian legislative election. |
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===2025=== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:14px;" |
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! rowspan="2"| Polling firm |
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! rowspan="2"| Fieldwork date |
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! rowspan="2"| Sample<br>size |
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! rowspan="2"| Method |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| ] |
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! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| Others |
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! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" style="width:50px;"| Lead |
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|- |
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! style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|Austrian People's Party (2017)}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Austria}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|NEOS (Austria)}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|The Greens (Austria)}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of Austria}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|The Beer Party (Austria)}};"| |
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! style="background:{{party color|Independent}};"| |
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|- |
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|13–15 Jan 2025 |
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|1,000 |
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|Online |
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|style="background:#C6D9EA;" |'''35''' |
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|20 |
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|20 |
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|11 |
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|8 |
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|– |
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|– |
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|6 |
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|style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"|15 |
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|- |
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|13–14 Jan 2025 |
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|2,000 |
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|Online |
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|style="background:#C6D9EA;" |'''38''' |
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|17 |
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|19 |
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|12 |
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|9 |
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|3 |
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|– |
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|2 |
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|style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"|19 |
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|7–8 Jan 2025 |
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|1,000 |
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|Online |
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|style="background:#C6D9EA;" |'''39''' |
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|17 |
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|19 |
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|10 |
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|10 |
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|3 |
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|– |
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|2 |
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|style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"|20 |
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|- |
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|3–4 Jan 2025 |
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|1,250 |
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|Online |
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|style="background:#C6D9EA;" |'''37''' |
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|21 |
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|19 |
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|11 |
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|8 |
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|3 |
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|– |
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|1 |
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|style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"|16 |
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|- style="background:#E9E9E9;" |
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| ] |
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| data-sort-value="2024-09-29" | 29 Sep 2024 |
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| – |
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| – |
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| style="background:#C6D9EA;" | '''28.8''' |
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| 26.3 |
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| 21.1 |
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| 9.1 |
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| 8.2 |
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| 2.4 |
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| 2.0 |
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| 2.0 |
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| style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"| 2.5 |
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===2024=== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:14px;" |
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{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:14px;" |
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! rowspan="2"| Polling firm |
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! rowspan="2"| Polling firm |
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| 2.4 |
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| 2.4 |
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| 2.0 |
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| 2.0 |
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| 4.0 |
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| 2.0 |
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| style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"| 2.5 |
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| style="background:{{party color|Freedom Party of Austria}};color:#FFFFFF;"| 2.5 |
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== Notes == |
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{{Reflist|group=note}} |
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{{notelist}} |
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==References== |
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==References== |
Legislative elections will be held in Austria by 2029 to elect the 29th National Council, the lower house of Austria's bicameral parliament.
Following the elections, seats are allocated to the candidates of successful parties and lists in a three-stage process, starting with the regional constituencies. Seats are distributed according to the Hare quota in the regional constituencies, and with unallocated seats distributed at the state constituency level. Any remaining seats are then allocated using the D'Hondt method at the federal level, to ensure overall proportionality between a party's national vote share and its share of parliamentary seats.
In addition to voting for a political party, voters may cast three preferential votes for specific candidates of that party, but are not required to do so. These additional votes do not affect the proportional allocation based on the vote for the party or list, but can change the rank order of candidates on a party's lists at the federal, state, and regional level. The threshold to increase the position of a candidate on a federal party list is 7 percent, compared to 10 percent at the state level, and 14 percent at the regional level. The names of candidates on regional party lists are printed on the ballot and can be marked with an "x" to indicate the voter's preference. Preference votes for candidates on party lists at the state and federal level, however, must be written in by the voter, either by writing the name or the rank number of the candidate in a blank spot provided for that purpose.
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Elections and referendums in Austria