Misplaced Pages

Latest revision as of 20:38, 19 January 2025

Glass

[REDACTED]
Google Glass Explorer Edition
Also known as	Project Glass
Developer	Google
Manufacturer	Jabil
Type	Optical Head-Mounted Display (OHMD), Peripheral Head-Mounted Display (PHMD), Wearable technology, Head-up display
Release date	Developers (US): February 2013 (February 2013) Public (US): Around 2013
Introductory price	Explorer version: US$1,500 Standard edition: US$1,500
Operating system	Glass OS (Google Xe Software)
CPU	OMAP 4430 System on a chip, dual-core processor
Memory	2 GB RAM
Storage	16 GB flash memory total (12 GB of usable memory)
Display	Prism projector, 640×360 pixels (equivalent of a 64 cm/25 in screen from 2.4 m/8 ft away)
Sound	Bone conduction transducer
Input	Voice command through microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, ambient light sensor, proximity sensor
Controller input	Touchpad, MyGlass phone mobile app
Camera	5 MP photos 720p video
Connectivity	Wi-Fi 802.11b/g, Bluetooth, micro USB
Power	570 mAh internal lithium-ion battery
Weight	36 g (1.3 oz)
Backward compatibility	Any Bluetooth-capable phone; MyGlass companion app requires Android 4.0.3 "Ice Cream Sandwich" or higher or any iOS 7.0 or higher
Related	Microsoft HoloLens, Magic Leap, Ray-Ban Meta
Website	google.com/glass

Google Glass, or simply Glass, is a discontinued brand of smart glasses developed by Google's X Development (formerly Google X), with a mission of producing a ubiquitous computer. Google Glass displays information to the wearer using a head-up display. Wearers communicate with the Internet via natural language voice commands.

Google started selling a prototype of Google Glass to qualified "Glass Explorers" in the US on April 15, 2013, for a limited period for $1,500, before it became available to the public on May 15, 2014. It has an integrated 5 megapixel still/720p video camera. The headset received a great deal of criticism amid concerns that its use could violate existing privacy laws.

On January 15, 2015, Google announced that it would stop producing the Google Glass prototype. The prototype was succeeded by two Enterprise Editions, whose sales were suspended on March 15, 2023. More than a decade later, Google would return to the extended reality space with Android XR, an operating system that will power headsets and smartglasses.

Development

Google Glass was developed by Google X, the facility within Google devoted to technological advancements such as driverless cars.

The Google Glass prototype resembled standard eyeglasses with the lens replaced by a head-up display. In mid-2011, Google engineered a prototype that weighed 8 pounds (3.6 kg); by 2013 they were lighter than the average pair of sunglasses.

The product was publicly announced in April 2012. Sergey Brin wore a prototype of the Glass to an April 5, 2012, Foundation Fighting Blindness event in San Francisco. In May 2012, Google demonstrated for the first time how Google Glass could be used to shoot videos.

In April 2013, the Explorer Edition was made available to Google I/O developers in the United States for $1,500.

Google provided four prescription frame choices for $225 and free with the purchase of any new Glass unit. Google entered in a partnership with the Italian eyewear company Luxottica, owners of the Ray-Ban, Oakley, and other brands, to offer additional frame designs. In June 2014, Nepal adopted Google Glass to tackle poaching of wild animals and herbs in Chitwan International Park and other World Heritage Sites. In January 2015, Google ended the beta period of Glass (the "Google Glass Explorer" program).

Release date

In early 2013, interested potential Glass users were invited to use a Twitter message, with hashtag #IfIHadGlass, to qualify as an early user of the product. The qualifiers, dubbed "Glass Explorers" and numbering 8,000 individuals, were notified in March 2013, and were later invited to pay $1,500 and visit a Google office in Los Angeles, New York or San Francisco, to pick up their unit following "fitting" and training from Google Glass guides. On May 13, 2014, Google announced a move to a "more open beta" via its Google+ page.

In February 2015, The New York Times reported that Google Glass was being redesigned by former Apple executive Tony Fadell, and that it would not be released until he deemed it to be "perfect".

In July 2017, it was announced that the second iteration, the Google Glass Enterprise Edition, would be released in the US for companies such as Boeing. Google Glass Enterprise Edition has already been successfully used by Dr. Ned Sahin to help children with autism learn social skills.

In May 2019, Google announced the Google Glass Enterprise Edition 2. Google also announced a partnership with Smith Optics to develop Glass-compatible safety frames.

Features

• Touchpad: A touchpad, similar to that of one on a laptop, is located on the side of Google Glass, allowing users to control the device by swiping through a timeline-like interface displayed on the screen. Sliding backward shows current events, such as weather, and sliding forward shows past events, such as phone calls, photos, and circle updates.
• Camera: Google Glass has the ability to take 5 MP photos and record 720p HD video. Glass Enterprise Edition 2 has an improved 8MP 80° FOV camera.
• Display: The Explorer version of Google Glass uses a liquid crystal on silicon (based on an LCoS chip from Himax), field-sequential color system, LED illuminated display. The display's LED illumination is first P-polarized and then shines through the in-coupling polarizing beam splitter (PBS) to the LCoS panel. The panel reflects the light and alters it to S-polarization at active pixel sensor sites. The in-coupling PBS then reflects the S-polarized areas of light at 45° through the out-coupling beam splitter to a collimating reflector at the other end. Finally, the out-coupling beam splitter (which is a partially reflecting mirror, not a polarizing beam splitter) reflects the collimated light another 45° and into the wearer's eye.

Software

Applications

Google Glass applications are free applications built by third-party developers. Glass also uses many existing Google applications, such as Google Maps and Gmail. Many developers and companies built applications for Glass, including news apps, facial recognition, exercise, photo manipulation, translation, and sharing to social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter. Third-party applications announced at South by Southwest (SXSW) include Evernote, Skitch, The New York Times, and Path.

On March 23, 2013, Google released the Mirror API, allowing developers to start making apps for Glass. In the terms of service, it was stated that developers may not put ads in their apps or charge fees; a Google representative told The Verge that this might change in the future.

On May 16, 2013, Google announced the release of seven new programs, including reminders from Evernote, fashion news from Elle, and news alerts from CNN. Following Google's XE7 Glass Explorer Edition update in early July 2013, evidence of a "Glass Boutique", a store that will allow synchronization to Glass of Glassware and APKs, was noted.

Version XE8 made a debut for Google Glass on August 12, 2013. It brings an integrated video player with playback controls, the ability to post an update to Path, and lets users save notes to Evernote. Several other minute improvements include volume controls, improved voice recognition, and several new Google Now cards.

On November 19, 2013, Google unveiled its Glass Development Kit, showcasing the translation tool Word Lens, the cooking program AllTheCooks, and the exercise program Strava among others as successful examples. Google announced three news programs in May 2014—TripIt, FourSquare and OpenTable—in order to entice travelers. On June 25, 2014, Google announced that notifications from Android Wear would be sent to Glass.

The European University Press published the first book to be read with Google Glass on October 8, 2014, as introduced at the Frankfurt Book Fair. The book can be read as a normal paper book or—enriched with multimedia elements—with Google Glass, Kindle, on Smartphone and Pads on the platforms iOS and Android.

MyGlass

Google offered a companion Android and iOS app called MyGlass, which allowed the user to configure and manage the device. It was removed from the Play Store on February 22, 2020.

Voice activation

Other than the touchpad, Google Glass can be controlled using just "voice actions". To activate Glass, wearers tilt their heads 30° upward (which can be altered for preference) or simply tap the touchpad, and say "O.K., Glass." Once Glass is activated, wearers can say an action, such as "Take a picture", "Record a video", "Hangout with ", "Google 'What year was Misplaced Pages founded?'", "Give me directions to the Eiffel Tower", and "Send a message to John" (many of these commands can be seen in a product video released in February 2013). For search results that are read back to the user, the voice response is relayed using bone conduction through a transducer that sits beside the ear, thereby rendering the sound almost inaudible to other people.

Use in medicine

In hospitals

Augmedix developed an app for the wearable device that allows physicians to live-stream the patient visit and claims it will eliminate electronic health record problems, possibly saving them up to 15 hours a week and improving record quality. The video stream is passed to remote scribes in HIPAA secure rooms where the doctor-patient interaction is transcribed, ultimately allowing physicians to focus on the patient. Hundreds of users were evaluating the app as of mid-2015.

In July 2013, Lucien Engelen commenced research on the usability and impact of Google Glass in the health care field. As of August 2013, Engelen, based at Singularity University and in Europe at Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, was the first healthcare professional in Europe to participate in the Glass Explorer program. His research on Google Glass (starting August 9, 2013) was conducted in operating rooms, ambulances, a trauma helicopter, general practice, and home care as well as the use in public transportation for visually or physically impaired. Research included taking pictures, videos streaming to other locations, dictating operative log, having students watch the procedures and tele-consultation through Hangout. Engelen documented his findings in blogs, videos, pictures, on Twitter, and on Google+, with research ongoing as of that date.

In June 2014, Google Glass' ability to acquire images of a patient's retina ("Glass Fundoscopy") was publicly demonstrated for the first time at the Wilmer Clinical Meeting at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine by Dr. Aaron Wang and Dr. Allen Eghrari. This technique was featured on the cover of the Journal for Mobile Technology in Medicine for January 2015. Doctors Phil Haslam and Sebastian Mafeld demonstrated the first application of Google Glass in the field of interventional radiology. They demonstrated how Google Glass could assist a liver biopsy and fistulaplasty, and the pair stated that Google Glass has the potential to improve patient safety, operator comfort, and procedure efficiency in the field of interventional radiology.

In 2015, IOS Press published "Clinical and Surgical Applications of Smart Glasses" a research article written by a team at the Columbia University Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery's Cerebrovascular Laboratory. Under Neurosurgeon Dr. Sander E. Connolly, Stefan Mitrasinovic, Elvis Camacho, Nirali Trivedi, and others analyzed Google Glass's useful applications including hands-free photo and video documentation, telemedicine, Electronic Health Record retrieval and input, rapid diagnostic test analysis, education, and live broadcasting.

In 2017, Swiss researchers assessed in a randomized controlled trial the adherence of emergency team leaders to the American Heart Association's (AHA) Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) guidelines by adapting and displaying them in Google Glasses during simulation-based pediatric cardiac arrest scenarios.

In surgical procedures

On June 20, 2013, Rafael J. Grossmann, a Venezuelan doctor practicing in the U.S., was the first surgeon to demonstrate the use of Google Glass during a live surgical procedure. In August 2013, Google Glass was used at Wexner Medical Center at Ohio State University. Surgeon Dr. Christopher Kaeding used Google Glass to consult with a distant colleague in Columbus, Ohio. A group of students at The Ohio State University College of Medicine also observed the operation on their laptop computers. Following the procedure, Kaeding stated, "To be honest, once we got into the surgery, I often forgot the device was there. It just seemed very intuitive and fit seamlessly."

On June 21, 2013, doctor Pedro Guillen, chief of trauma service of Clínica CEMTRO of Madrid, also broadcast a surgery using Google Glass. In July 2014, the startup company Surgery Academy, in Milan, Italy, launched a remote training platform for medical students. The platform is a MOOC that allows students to join any operating theater thanks to Google Glass worn by surgeon. Also in July 2014, This Place released an app, MindRDR, to connect Glass to a Neurosky EEG monitor to allow people to take photos and share them to Twitter or Facebook using brain signals. It is hoped this will allow people with severe physical disabilities to engage with social media.

In lactation consultation

In Australia, in January 2014, Melbourne tech startup Small World Social collaborated with the Australian Breastfeeding Association (ABA) to create the first hands-free breastfeeding Google Glass application for new mothers. The application, named Breastfeeding Through Glass, allowed mothers to nurse their baby while viewing instructions about common breastfeeding issues (latching on, posture) or call a lactation consultant via a secure Google Hangout, who could view the issue through the mother's Google Glass camera.

The trial lasted 7 weeks, commencing on March 1 and ending on April 13, 2014. There were five mothers and their newborn babies in the trial, fifteen volunteer counselors from ABA, and seven project team members from Small World Social. The counselors were located in five States across Australia. The counselors were certified in lactation consultation, and located as far from the mothers as Perth, Western Australia, 3,500 kilometres away. While physically distant from the mothers, the counselors provided support using video calls with Google Glass, live on demand.

According to media commentary, the breastfeeding project demonstrated the potential of wearable devices for communities to deliver health and family support services across vast distances. The demonstrated positive uses of wearable devices contrasted some of the widespread criticism over privacy concerns that such devices have received. An article on Motherboard stated, "Google Glass, whether warranted or not, endures its fair share of criticism, largely because a lot of initial use cases have been, well, kinda creepy. So it's great to see instead Glass being used for uniquely positive ends, as it is with the Australian Breastfeeding Association's Breastfeeding Support Project." Other journalists and commentators also called the trial beneficial and an innovative application wearable technologies. ABC journalist/presenter Penny Johnston of the radio program Babytalk remarked:

The Google Glass if you think about it, is perfect to coach someone in breast feeding: if you are holding or feeding a baby, imagine a camera mounted on your glasses and look down. There you have the world's best view for checking the baby's latch and your breastfeeding technique!

In May 2014, Small World Social and ABA won the Gold Questar Award in the Emerging Media: App section, for the Breastfeeding with Google Glass App. In June 2014, Small World Social's Breastfeeding Support Project was awarded the Questar Best of Category Grand Prize For Emerging Media, which is given to the top 5% of entries.

ABA is optimistic about the future of wearable technologies supporting their work. Small World Social commenced a trial in the US in June 2014.

Media coverage

Journalism

In 2014, Voice of America Television Correspondent Carolyn Presutti and Electronics Engineer Jose Vega began a web project called VOA & Google Glass, which explored the technology's potential uses in journalism. This series of news stories examined the technology's live reporting applications, including conducting interviews and covering stories from the reporter's point of view. On March 29, 2014, American a cappella group Pentatonix partnered with Voice of America when lead singer Scott Hoying wore Glass in the band's performance at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., during the band's worldwide tour—the first use of Glass by a lead singer in a professional concert.

In the fall of 2014, The University of Southern California conducted a course called Glass Journalism, which explored the device's application in journalism.

The WWF as of mid-2014 used Google Glass and UAVs to track various animals and birds in the jungle, which may be the first use of the device by a non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO).

As of 2022 the product has been viewed as a failure, having been once slated as the next big thing in tech. While they no longer exist, the technology lives on in future products.

Public events

In 2014, the International Olympic Committee Young Reporters program took Google Glass to the Nanjing 2014 Youth Olympic Games and put them on a number of athletes from different disciplines to explore novel point of view filmmaking.

A visually impaired dancer, Benjamin Yonattan, used Google Glass to overcome his chronic vision condition. In 2015, Yonattan performed on the reality television program America's Got Talent.

Education

In early 2013, American educator Andrew Vanden Heuvel used Google Glass to take students on a virtual trip to the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The trip was an early example of an Explorer Story promoted by the Google Glass marketing team.

Criticism

Privacy concerns

Concerns have been raised by various sources regarding the intrusion on privacy, and the etiquette and ethics of using the device in public and recording people without their permission. Google co-founder, Sergey Brin, claims that Glass could be seen as a way to become even more isolated in public, but the intent was quite the opposite: Brin views checking social media as a constant "nervous tic", which is why Glass can notify the user of important notifications and updates and does not obstruct the line of sight.

Additionally, there is controversy that Google Glass would cause security problems and violate privacy rights. Organizations like the FTC Fair Information Practice work to uphold privacy rights through Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPPS), which are guidelines representing concepts that concern fair information practice in an electronic marketplace.

Privacy advocates are concerned that people wearing such eyewear may be able to identify strangers in public using facial recognition, or surreptitiously record and broadcast private conversations. The "Find my Face" feature on Google+ functions to create a model of your face, and of people you know, in order to simplify tagging photos.

Some companies in the US have posted anti-Google Glass signs in their establishments. In July 2013, prior to the official release of the product, Stephen Balaban, co-founder of software company Lambda Labs, circumvented Google's facial recognition app block by building his own, non-Google-approved operating system. Balaban then installed face-scanning Glassware that creates a summary of commonalities shared by the scanned person and the Glass wearer, such as mutual friends and interests. Also created was Winky, a program that allows a Google Glass user to take a photo with a wink of an eye, while Marc Rogers, a principal security researcher at Lookout, discovered that Glass can be hijacked if a user could be tricked into taking a picture of a malicious QR code, demonstrating the potential to be used as a weapon in cyberwarfare.

In February 2013, a Google+ user noticed legal issues with Glass and posted in the Glass Explorers community about the issues, stating that the device may be illegal to use according to the current legislation in Russia and Ukraine, which prohibits use of spy gadgets that can record video, audio or take photographs in an inconspicuous manner.

Concerns were also raised in regard to the privacy and security of Glass users in the event that the device is stolen or lost, an issue that was raised by a US congressional committee. As part of its response to the committee, Google stated that a locking system for the device is in development. Google also reminded users that Glass can be remotely reset. Police in various states have also warned Glass wearers to watch out for muggers and street robbers.

Lisa A. Goldstein, a freelance journalist who was born deaf, tested the product on behalf of people with disabilities and published a review on August 6, 2013. In her review, Goldstein states that Google Glass does not accommodate hearing aids and is not suitable for people who cannot understand speech. Goldstein also explained the limited options for customer support, as telephone contact was her only means of communication.

Several facilities have banned the use of Google Glass before its release to the general public, citing concerns over potential privacy-violating capabilities. Other facilities, such as Las Vegas casinos, banned Google Glass, citing their desire to comply with Nevada state law and common gaming regulations that ban the use of recording devices near gambling areas. On October 29, 2014, the Motion Picture Association of America and the National Association of Theatre Owners announced a ban on wearable technology including Google Glass, placing it under the same rules as mobile phones and video cameras.

There have also been concerns over potential eye pain caused by users new to Glass. These concerns were validated by Google's optometry advisor Dr. Eli Peli of Harvard, though he later partly backtracked due to the controversy that ensued from his remarks.

Concerns have been raised by cyber forensics experts at the University of Massachusetts who have developed a way to steal smartphone and tablet passwords using Google Glass. The specialists developed a software program that uses Google Glass to track finger shadows as someone types in their password. Their program then converts the touchpoints into the keys they were touching, allowing them to catch the passcodes.

Another concern regarding the camera application raises controversy to privacy. Some people are concerned about how the product has the capability of recording during events such as conversations. The device sets off a light to indicate that it is recording but many speculate that there will be an app to disable this.

Users have been derisively referred to as "Glassholes".

Safety considerations

Concerns have also been raised on operating motor vehicles while wearing the device. On July 31, 2013, it was reported that driving while wearing Google Glass was likely to be banned in the UK, being deemed careless driving, therefore a fixed penalty offense, following a decision by the Department for Transport.

In the US, West Virginia state representative Gary G. Howell introduced an amendment in March 2013 to the state's law against texting while driving that would include bans against "using a wearable computer with head mounted display". In an interview, Howell stated, "The primary thing is a safety concern, it could project text or video into your field of vision. I think there's a lot of potential for distraction."

In October 2013, a driver in California was ticketed for "driving with monitor visible to driver (Google Glass)" after being pulled over for speeding by a San Diego Police Department officer. The driver was reportedly the first to be fined for driving while wearing a Google Glass. While the judge noted that "Google Glass fell under 'the purview and intent' of the ban on driving with a monitor", the case was thrown out of court due to lack of proof the device was on at the time.

In February 2014, a woman wearing Google Glass claimed she was verbally and physically assaulted at a bar in San Francisco after a patron confronted her while she was showing off the device, allegedly leading a man accompanying her to physically retaliate. Witnesses suggested that patrons were upset over the possibility of being recorded.

In November 2014 the results of comparative study in a driving simulator were published by Sawyer et al. of the University of Central Florida and the US Air Force Research Laboratory, were published in the journal Human Factors. Subjects were asked to use either a smartphone or Google Glass to receive a message and were then presented with a situation where emergency braking was required. The messages delivered by Google Glass were less distracting than those delivered via text, but the problem was not eliminated. Both devices impaired driving abilities while receiving messages, and the Google Glass users also experienced some impairment even when not actively using the device.

Terms of service

Under the Google Glass terms of service for the Glass Explorer pre-public release program, it specifically states, "You may not resell, loan, transfer, or give your device to any other person. If you resell, loan, transfer, or give your device to any other person without Google's authorization, Google reserves the right to deactivate the device, and neither you nor the unauthorized person using the device will be entitled to any refund, product support, or product warranty." Wired commented on this policy of a company claiming ownership of its product after it had been sold, saying: "Welcome to the New World, one in which companies are retaining control of their products even after consumers purchase them." Others pointed out that Glass was not for public sale at all, but rather in private testing for selected developers, and that not allowing developers in a closed beta to sell to the public is not the same as banning consumers from reselling a publicly released device.

Technical specifications

Google Glass Explorer

Explorer Version 1

For the developer Explorer units version 1:

• Android 4.4 (KitKat)
• 640×360 Himax HX7309 LCoS display
• 5-megapixel camera, capable of 720p video recording
• Wi-Fi 802.11b/g
• Bluetooth
• 16 GB storage (12 GB available)
• Texas Instruments OMAP 4430 SoC 1.2 GHz Dual (ARMv7)
• 1 GB RAM
• 3 axis gyroscope, 3 axis accelerometer and 3 axis magnetometer (compass)
• Ambient light sensing and proximity sensor
• Bone conduction audio transducer

Explorer Version 2

For the developer Explorer units version 2, RAM was expanded to 2 GB and prescription frames were made available:

• all of the features from the Explorer version 1 plus:
• 2 GB RAM
• Prescription frames available

Google Glass Enterprise Edition

The Google Glass Enterprise Edition improves upon previous editions with the following specifications:

• Intel Atom TG100 processor
• Dual-band 802.11n/ac wifi,
• Assisted GPS & GLONASS
• Barometer
• 16 GB of storage
• 780 mAh battery
• Dynamic driver speaker instead of bone conduction audio transducer

Google Glass Enterprise Edition 2

The Google Glass Enterprise Edition 2 improves upon previous editions with the following specifications:

• Qualcomm Snapdragon XR1 quad core, up to 1.7 GHz, 10 nm
• Android Oreo with Android Enterprise Mobile Device Management
• 3 GB LPDDR4
• Bluetooth 5.x AoA
• 8MP 80° FOV camera
• 3 beam-forming microphones
• USB Type-C port supporting USB 2.0 480 Mbit/s
• 820 mAh battery with fast charge
• 6-axis accelerometer/gyroscope
• On-head detection sensor and Eye-on-screen sensor for power-saving features
• Water and dust resistant
• ~46g weight

Discontinuation

Google stopped production of the Google Glass Enterprise Edition, according to the website as of March 15, 2023, and supported it until September 15, 2023.

See also

• Apple Vision Pro
• Augmented reality
• Google Contact Lens
• Google Cardboard
• Google Daydream
• Microsoft HoloLens
• Project Tango
• Q-Warrior
• Samsung Gear VR
• Snow Crash
• Ray-Ban Meta

References

1. ^ Miller, Claire Cain (February 20, 2013). "Google Searches for Style". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 6, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
2. "Gadgets". NDTV. IN. November 15, 2014. Archived from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
3. Coldewey, Devin (February 23, 2013). "Google Glass to launch this year for under $1,500". Gadgetbox. NBC News. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
4. "KitKat for Glass". February 28, 2014. Archived from the original on October 8, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
5. Google glass fans, archived from the original on February 21, 2016, retrieved April 18, 2014
6. ^ Torberg, Scott (June 11, 2013). "Google Glass Teardown". TechRadar. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved June 12, 2013. With a native resolution of 640x360, the pixels are roughly 1/8th the physical width of those on the iPhone 5's retina display.
7. Fitzsimmons, Michelle (June 24, 2014). "Google Glass gets more memory, photo-framing viewfinder". Tech radar. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
8. ^ "Tech specs". Google. April 16, 2013. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
9. Goldman, David (April 4, 2012). "Google unveils 'Project Glass' virtual-reality glasses". Money. CNN. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
10. Albanesius, Chloe (April 4, 2012). "Google 'Project Glass' Replaces the Smartphone With Glasses". PC Magazine. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
11. Newman, Jared (April 4, 2012). "Google's 'Project Glass' Teases Augmented Reality Glasses". PC World. Archived from the original on April 5, 2012. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
12. Bilton, Nick (February 23, 2012). "Behind the Google Goggles, Virtual Reality". The New York Times. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
13. "Google Glass: $1,500 to buy, $80 to make?". Archived from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
14. Brewster, Thomas (December 12, 2018). "The Many Ways Google Glass Users Risk Breaking British Privacy Laws". Forbes. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
15. "Google Will Stop Selling Glass Next Week". Time. Archived from the original on January 8, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
16. ^ Savov, Vlad (July 18, 2017). "Google Glass is back from the dead". The Verge. Archived from the original on July 18, 2017. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
17. ^ "Glass Enterprise Edition 2: faster and more helpful". Google. May 20, 2019. Archived from the original on May 22, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
18. Leswing, Kif (March 15, 2023). "Google ends enterprise sales of Google Glass, its augmented reality smartglasses". CNBC. Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
19. Velazco, Chris (April 4, 2012). "Google's 'Project Glass' Augmented Reality Glasses Are Real and in Testing". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on June 22, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
20. Houston, Thomas (April 4, 2012). "Google's Project Glass augmented reality glasses begin testing". The Verge. Archived from the original on April 5, 2012. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
21. Hatmaker, Taylor (April 4, 2012). "Google shows off Project Glass". USA Today. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved February 5, 2013.
22. "Google Glass goes on open sale - while stocks last". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved January 15, 2017.
23. "Google Glasses Sound As Crazy As Smartphones And Tablets Once Did". Forbes. April 5, 2012. Archived from the original on March 14, 2013. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
24. Hubbard, Amy (April 6, 2012). "debut on Google co-founder's face". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2012.
25. Bohn, Dieter (April 6, 2012). "Google's Sergey Brin takes Project Glass into the wild". The Verge. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2012.
26. "First Google Project Glass video released via Google+". T3.com. Future plc. May 25, 2012. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
27. Mack, Eric (June 28, 2012). "Brin: Google Glass lands for consumers in 2014". CNET. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
28. Rhodan, Maya (March 24, 2014). "Google Glass Getting Ray Ban, Oakley Versions". Time. Archived from the original on November 18, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
29. "Google Glass sales halted but firm says kit is not dead". BBC News. January 15, 2015. Archived from the original on January 15, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
30. Cellan-Jones, Rory. "Rory Cellan-Jones on Twitter: "Breaking – Google ends Google Glass Explorer programme, stops selling Glass in present form, still hopes to produce other versions in future"". Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
31. "Sign in - Google Accounts". accounts.google.com. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
32. Bilton, Nick (February 4, 2015). "Why Google Glass Broke". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 9, 2015. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
33. Sahin, Ned T.; Keshav, Neha U.; Salisbury, Joseph P.; Vahabzadeh, Arshya (January 4, 2018). "Second Version of Google Glass as a Wearable Socio-Affective Aid: Positive School Desirability, High Usability, and Theoretical Framework in a Sample of Children with Autism". JMIR Human Factors. 5 (1): e8785. doi:10.2196/humanfactors.8785. PMC 5773819. PMID 29301738.
34. "Help – Google Glass". www.google.com. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
35. "Acceptable Google Glass Camera Sizes". Stellarbuild. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
36. ^ "Glass Enterprise Edition 2 Tech Specs". Glass. Archived from the original on May 20, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
37. ^ Guttag, Karl (June 23, 2013). "Proof That Google Glass Uses A Himax LCOS Microdisplay". Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved February 4, 2014.
38. ^ US application 20,130,070,338 
39. ^ US application 20,130,207,887 
40. "7 Standout Google Glass Apps You Can Download Right Now". Mashable. May 14, 2013. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
41. "Mashable Launches Google Glass Viral Prediction App". Mashable. May 14, 2013. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
42. Gannes, Liz (November 19, 2013). "Next Google Glass Tricks Include Translating the World From Your Eyes". All Things Digital. Archived from the original on December 1, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
43. Santos, Alexis (March 11, 2013). "Google shows off Glass apps: New York Times, Gmail, Path, and more". Engadget. Archived from the original on April 26, 2013. Retrieved April 15, 2013.
44. "Google Mirror API Overview". Archived from the original on November 18, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
45. "Overview". Archived from the original on November 15, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
46. "Developer Preview Google Mirror API Terms of Service". Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
47. Blagdon, Jeff (April 16, 2013). "Google Glass developers prohibited from using ads or charging for apps". The Verge. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
48. Cain, Claire (May 16, 2013). "New Apps Arrive on Google Glass". Bits (World Wide Web log). The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 12, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
49. ^ Davies, Chris (July 5, 2013). "Glass Boutique app store, MP3 player, Lock-screen & more revealed". SlashGear. Archived from the original on July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
50. Honan, Mat (November 19, 2013). "Google's New Tools Show How Deep Glass Will Embed in Our Lives". Wired: Gadget Lab. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
51. Rosenblatt, Seth (November 19, 2013). "Google Glass throws open its doors to developers". CNET. Archived from the original on January 25, 2014. Retrieved November 24, 2013.
52. Newman, Jared (June 25, 2014). "Google Glass will get Android Wear notifications". TechHive. Archived from the original on July 9, 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
53. "The World's first book to be read with GoogleGlass" (PDF). October 9, 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 2, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
54. "MyGlass". Android Apps. Google Play. Archived from the original on April 25, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
55. "Voice actions: "ok glass"". Support. Archived from the original on April 20, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
56. "How It Feels [through Glass]". You Tube. February 20, 2013. Archived from the original on February 20, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
57. Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). "Google Glass – hands-on review". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
58. "Charlotte doctor: Google Glass saves time, helps me focus on patients", Charlotte Observer, archived from the original on November 19, 2015, retrieved November 18, 2015
59. "Google Glass Comes to Doctor's Office Near You as Upgrade Looms", Bloomberg, August 20, 2015, archived from the original on August 22, 2015, retrieved August 20, 2015
60. "Google Glass Finds a Second Act at Work", MIT Technology Review, retrieved July 24, 2015
61. "Faculty". FutureMed 2020. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
62. Čeština. "Is Google Glass Useful in the Operating Room?". Linked In. Archived from the original on March 26, 2014. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
63. "Google Glass in Operating Room @umcn". You Tube. August 15, 2013. Archived from the original on November 10, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
64. "REshapewithGlass (REshapeglass)". Twitter. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2013.
65. "REshape withglass". Plus. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2013.
66. Course detail, Hopkins CME, archived from the original on September 9, 2014
67. Wang, Aaron; Christoff, Alex; Guyton, David L.; Repka, Michael X.; Eghrari, Allen O. (2015), "Google glass indirect Ophthalmoscopy", MTM, 4 (1): 15–19, doi:10.7309/jmtm.4.1.4, archived from the original on February 4, 2015, retrieved February 3, 2015
68. Haslam, Phil; Mafeld, Sebastian (October 31, 2013). "Google Glass: Finding True Clinical Value". Which Medical Device. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
69. Mitrasinovic, S.; Camacho, E.; Trivedi, N.; Logan, J.; Campbell, C.; Zilinyi, R.; Lieber, B.; Bruce, E.; Taylor, B.; Martineau, D.; Dumont, E. L.; Appelboom, G.; Connolly Jr, E. S. (2015). "Clinical and surgical applications of smart glasses - IOS Press". Technology and Health Care. 23 (4). Content.iospress.com: 381–401. doi:10.3233/THC-150910. PMID 26409906. Archived from the original on January 21, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
70. Siebert, JN.; Ehrler, F.; Gervaix, A.; Haddad, K.; Lacroix, L.; Schrurs, P.; Sahin, A.; Lovis, C.; Manzano, S. (2017). "Adherence to AHA Guidelines When Adapted for Augmented Reality Glasses for Assisted Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 19 (5). JMIR.com: e183. doi:10.2196/jmir.7379. PMC 5468544. PMID 28554878. Archived from the original on November 6, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
71. Nosta, John (June 21, 2013). "Inside The Operating Room With Google Glass". Forbes. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
72. "First US surgery transmitted live via Google Glass (w/ Video)". Medical Xpress. August 27, 2013. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
73. "World's first Google glass assisted surgery was successfully performed: video", Bostinno, Street wise, June 24, 2013, archived from the original on February 19, 2015, retrieved June 21, 2014
74. Teaching surgery with Google glass: will this actually work?, Fast co labs, February 4, 2014, archived from the original on August 19, 2014, retrieved August 18, 2014
75. "Surgery academy: is the surgery class for Google glass?", Motherboard (World Wide Web log), Vice, archived from the original on September 19, 2016, retrieved August 19, 2014
76. "Google Glass gets mind control app", The Telegraph, UK, July 9, 2014, archived from the original on January 12, 2022
77. "Google glass connects breastfeeding moms with lactation help". Inquisitr. April 24, 2014. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
78. "Through Google Glass". Small World Social. Archived from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved May 7, 2021.
79. Anker, Jonathan. "Google Glass can help you breastfeed". HLNTV. Archived from the original on June 7, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
80. ^ Johnston, Penny (April 17, 2014). "Breastfeeding help gets hi-tech". 774 ABC Melbourne. Archived from the original on April 22, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
81. Battersby, Lucy (January 19, 2014). "Breastfeeding mothers get help from Google Glass and Small World". The Age. Archived from the original on June 23, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
82. ^ "Reaching Australia Far and Wide with the ABA Counselors". Small World Social. Archived from the original on January 26, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
83. "Breastfeeding and Google Glass application trial". Australian Breastfeeding Association. January 17, 2014. Archived from the original on April 10, 2019. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
84. Morley, Bern (April 25, 2014). "'Virtual Breastfeeding': Could it ever work?". Mamamia. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
85. ^ "Turns Out Google Glass Is Good for Breastfeeding". Motherboard Vice Media Inc. April 21, 2014. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
86. Johnson, Diana (April 25, 2014). "How Google is helping moms breastfeed". SheKnowsParenting. SheKnows LLC. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
87. Rose, Michelle. "Google Glass – breastfeeding help just a click away". Babyology. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
88. ^ "Breastfeeding help gets hi-tech". 774 ABC Melbourne. April 17, 2014. Archived from the original on April 22, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
89. "2014 Emerging Media App Gold Questar Awards". MercommAwards. MerComm, Inc. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
90. "Questar 2014 Grand Award Winners". The International Awards for Video Communications. MerComm Awards. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
91. Fitzsimmons, Caitlin (April 4, 2014). "Google Glass app helps breastfeeding: developer Small World seeking up to $35m in funding". BRW. Fairfax Media Publications. Archived from the original on May 11, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
92. "VOA & Google Glass". Voice of America. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
93. "Pentatonix Gives Google Glass a Try". Voice of America. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
94. "USC – Glass Journalism". Tumblr. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 7, 2014.
95. "Google Glass And Drones To Assist Nepal In Fighting Poachers In Protected Areas". International Business Times. July 3, 2014. Archived from the original on August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
96. "Google Glass: What Happened to the Smart Glasses?". Screen Rant. November 23, 2020. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
97. "The Google Glass Experiments". andymiah.net. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2019.
98. Anin, John (June 4, 2015). "Google Glass Helps Blind Dancer During Talent Audition". androidheadlines.com. Archived from the original on March 26, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
99. Weiss, Todd (August 21, 2013). "Google Glass Used by Teacher to Bring Math, Science to Students". Retrieved October 5, 2024.
100. May, Kate (May 6, 2013). "A virtual field trip to CERN, via Google Glass". Retrieved October 5, 2024.
101. Arthur, Charles (March 6, 2013). "Google Glass: is it a threat to our privacy?". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
102. Marshall, Gary (March 1, 2013). "Google Glass: say goodbye to your privacy". techradar.com. Archived from the original on June 13, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
103. Warman, Matt (April 24, 2013). "Google Glass: we'll all need etiquette lessons". The Daily Telegraph (UK). London. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
104. Sergey Brin (May 17, 2013). "Sergey Brin: Why Google Glass? – TED Talk – TED.com". ted.com. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
105. "Controversy grows over Google's Glass project". The Hindu Business Line. March 27, 2013. Archived from the original on January 1, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
106. Rob Williams (March 26, 2013). "Google Glass will make 'privacy impossible' warn 'Stop The Cyborgs' campaigners". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on June 29, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
107. Charles Arthur (May 1, 2013). "Google Glass security failings may threaten owner's privacy". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
108. "What We Do". ftc.gov. June 7, 2013. Archived from the original on May 5, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2014.
109. "See photos you're tagged in". google.com. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
110. Streitfeld, David (May 6, 2013). "Google Glass Picks Up Early Signal: Keep Out". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 11, 2019. Retrieved June 26, 2013.
111. "Google Glass Sees Preemptive Pushback in US". RIA NOVOSTI. March 26, 2013. Archived from the original on August 1, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
112. Rob Livingstone (July 29, 2013). "Smile! Face recognition for Google Glass is here, thanks to hackers". The Conversation Australia. Archived from the original on June 28, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2013.
113. Steve Henn (July 17, 2013). "Clever Hacks Give Google Glass Many Unintended Powers". NPR.org. NPR. Archived from the original on April 27, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2013.
114. "Украинцы не смогут легально купить очки Google Glass из-за запрета на "шпионские" гаджеты" (in Russian). Korrespondent.net. March 13, 2013. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
115. "US Police issues warnings for Google Glass Users over Muggery". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Archived from the original on April 21, 2014. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
116. Lisa A. Goldstein (August 6, 2013). "Google Glass: Not for the Hearing Impaired". Mashable. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved August 6, 2013.
117. Clark, Matt (May 8, 2013). "Google Glass Violates Nevada Law, Says Caesars Palace". IGN. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
118. MPPA (October 29, 2014). "MPAA and NATO Announce Updated Theatrical Anti-Theft Policy". MPAA. Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
119. ^ Google’s Eye Doctor Admits Glass Can Cause Pain Archived May 20, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Betabeat.com Jack Smith May 2014
120. Jack Smith (May 27, 2014). "Google Glass Eye Doctor Backtracks After Speaking Out About Eye Pain". Betabeat. Archived from the original on May 30, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2019. After all of the mainstream attention, Dr. Eli Peli — who we spoke to for our original story — posted a response to our article, which Google Glass re-shared on their Google+ page.
121. Khidr Suleman (April 18, 2013). "The Doctor Who Said Google Glass Causes Eye Pain Now Says There's 'No Evidence' Of Health Risks". Business Insider. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2019. One developer who was selected by Google, known as "Ed from Philadelphia" put his Glass up on eBay with a starting bid of $5,000. This triggered a bidding war and the price stood at an eye watering $95,300 after four days.
122. Fink, Erica (July 7, 2014). "Google Glass wearers can steal your password". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
123. Pogue, David (May 14, 2013). "Why Google Glass Is Creepy". Scientific American. Archived from the original on October 28, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
124. Honan, Mat (May 15, 2013). "I, Glasshole: My Year With Google Glass". WIRED. Archived from the original on March 5, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
125. Millward, David (July 31, 2013). "Drivers to be banned from wearing Google Glass". Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
126. Griggs, Brandon (March 25, 2013). "Lawmaker: Google Glass and driving don't mix". CNN. Archived from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
127. Chaey, Christina (October 30, 2013). "California Driver Gets a Ticket for Wearing Google Glass Behind the Wheel". Fast Company & Inc. Archived from the original on April 26, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
128. "Google Glass driver Abadie has case dropped". BBC News. January 17, 2014. Archived from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
129. Vazquez, Joe (February 25, 2014). "Woman Wearing Google Glass Says She Was Attacked In San Francisco Bar". CBSSF. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
130. Sawyer, B.D.; Finomore, V.S.; Calvo, A.A.; Hancock, P.A. (November 2014). "Google Glass: A Driver Distraction Cause or Cure?". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 56 (7): 307–1321. doi:10.1177/0018720814555723. PMID 25490810. S2CID 17392554.
131. Kravets, David (April 17, 2013). "Google Is Forbidding Users From Reselling, Loaning Glass Eyewear". Wired. Archived from the original on April 18, 2013. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
132. Suleman, Khidr (April 18, 2013). "Google bans developers from selling Glass headset". IT Pro. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
133. "KitKat for Glass". Support. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
134. "proc". Plus. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
135. ^ "Sensor Tech specs". The Code Artist. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
136. "Google glass". Gadgets (review). Tech radar. Archived from the original on September 14, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
137. Glass, archived from the original on April 27, 2016
138. "Google Glass Enterprise Edition: The full spec sheet revealed". 9to5Google. July 24, 2017. Archived from the original on November 8, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
139. "GlassDiscontinued". google.com. Archived from the original on March 28, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2019.

Further reading

• "Doctors among Early Adopters of Google Glass", Canadian Medical Association Journal, September 30, 2013. Web. October 11, 2014.
• "Evaluation of Google Glass Technical Limitations on Their Integration in Medical Systems", 'Sensors' 2016, 16(12), 2142; doi:10.3390/s16122142

External links

• Google Glass – official site

• Eyewear brands of the United States
• Google hardware
• X Development
• Android (operating system) devices
• Electronic display devices
• Display technology
• Products introduced in 2013
• Products and services discontinued in 2023
• Wearable computers
• Wearable devices