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{{Short description|1970 aviation accident in the Soviet Union}}
{{Userspace draft|source=ArticleWizard|date=December 2024}}

{{Not to be confused with|Aeroflot Flight 04}}{{Infobox aircraft occurrence {{Not to be confused with|Aeroflot Flight 04}}{{Infobox aircraft occurrence
| name = Aeroflot Flight Sh-4 | name = Aeroflot Flight Sh-4
| image = Yakovlev Yak-40, Aeroflot AN1089477.jpg
| caption = An ] Yak-40, similar to the accident aircraft.
| occurrence_type = Accident | occurrence_type = Accident
| date = 3 September 1970 | date = 3 September 1970
| summary = ] | summary = ] due to ]
| site = ], ], ], TaSSR | site = ], ], ], TaSSR
| aircraft_type = ] | aircraft_type = ]
| operator = ] | operator = ] (Tajik UGA, Dushanbe OJSC)
| tail_number = CCCP-87690 | tail_number = CCCP-87690
| origin = ] | origin = ]
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}} }}


On September 3, 1970, a ], operating '''Aeroflot Flight Sh-4''', ] with ] in the ], a ] of the ]. The crash resulted in 21 fatalities and was the first fatal accident and hull loss of a Yak-40.{{Cn|date=January 2025}}
'''Aeroflot Flight Sh-4''' was a scheduled passenger flight from ] to ], with a stopover at ]. On September 3, 1970, the ] was involved in an ], when it ] into ]. The crash resulted in the deaths of the 21 occupants and was the first accident involving the Yak-40.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2013-01-22 |title=Катастрофа Як-40 Таджикского УГА в 90 км от Ленинабада (борт СССР-87690), 03 сентября 1970 года. // AirDisaster.ru - авиационные происшествия, инциденты и авиакатастрофы в СССР и России - факты, история, статистика |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122070933/http://airdisaster.ru/database.php?id=126 |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>


== Aircraft == == Aircraft ==
The Yak-40, ] CCCP-87690 (] 9910503 - ] 03-05), was manufactured at the ] in March 1, 1969 and was transferred to the ], which on March 12, sent the aircraft to the Dushanbe Aerial Detachment of the Tajik Civil Aviation Directorate. The aircraft had the maximum capacity of 24 passengers. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had accumulated 1020 flight hours and 1344 cycles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayback Machine |url=https://www.webcitation.org/6GpNU7ETb?url=https://russianplanes.net/reginfo/18228 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20231022184929/https://www.webcitation.org/6GpNU7ETb?url=https://russianplanes.net/reginfo/18228 |archive-date=2023-10-22 |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=www.webcitation.org}}</ref> The Yak-40, ] CCCP-87690 (] 9910503 - ] 03-05),<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Soviet Database |url=https://www.scramble.nl/database/soviet/details/205_79218 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=www.scramble.nl}}</ref> was manufactured at the ] on March 1, 1969, and was transferred to the ], which on March 12 sent the aircraft to the Dushanbe Aviation Unit of the Tajik Civil Aviation Directorate. The aircraft had the maximum capacity of 24 passengers.{{Cn|date=January 2025}} At the time of the accident, the aircraft had accumulated 1020 flight hours and 1344 cycles.<ref name=":2" />


== Accident == == Accident ==
Flight Sh-4, being operated by the Yak-40, was operating the first leg of the flight of crew from the 186th detachment, consisting of ] V. F. Sutormin, ] G. V. Karpov and ] V. T. Shashkina. The aircraft had 18 passengers onboard the flight. The aircraft departed ] at 20:24 and gaining altitude of 6,600 meters (21,650 ft), following the flight path under regular weather conditions.<ref name=":0" /> Flight Sh-4, being operated by the Yak-40, was flying the first leg by the flight crew of the 186th squadron, consisting of ] V. F. Sutormin, ] G. V. Karpov, and ] V. T. Shashkina.{{Cn|date=January 2025}} The aircraft had 18 passengers onboard the flight. The aircraft departed ] at 20:24, reaching the assigned altitude of {{convert|5700|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 on Mt. Airy Tash: 21 killed |url=https://www.baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-yakovlev-yak-40-mt-airy-tash-21-killed |access-date=27 December 2024 |website=B3A Archives}}</ref>


After the aircraft flew over the ], the controller instructed the flight to descent to 5,700 meters (18,700 ft). After descending to the instructed attitude, the aircraft began to deviate 30-50 kilometers north. The crew contacted the dispatcher of ] about the route of ] and ]. At the same time, the controller failed to inspect where the flight was on the radar and did not know where its position was, but gave permission to descend to 3,300 meters (10,800 ft). The crew of the Yak-40 followed the instructions, descending into the height of the mountains, which was higher than the aircraft’s attitude. The dispatcher in Kokand had instructed the captain to contact with ], without warning the dispatcher in ] and the aircraft’s crew there was no radar contact within the area.<ref name=":0" /> After the aircraft flew over the ], the controller instructed the flight to descend to 5,700 meters (18,700 ft). After descending to the instructed altitude, the aircraft began to deviate 30-50 kilometers north. The crew contacted the dispatcher of ] about the flight path of flying over the towns of ] and ]. At the same time, the controller failed to inspect where the flight was on the radar and did not know where its position was but gave permission to descend to 3,300 meters (10,800 ft). The crew of the Yak-40 followed the instructions, descending into the height of the mountains, which was higher than the aircraft’s altitude. The dispatcher in Kokand had instructed the captain to contact ]; without warning the dispatcher in ] (now known as Khujand) and the aircraft’s crew, there was no radar contact within the area.<ref name=":0" />


The crew did not realize that the aircraft had deviated to the west from the flight route. The crew radioed to ATC that they had passed over the towns of ] and ]. At 21:21, Leninabad ATC cleared the crew to descend to {{convert|3300|m|ft|abbr=on}} and then {{convert|2100|m|ft|abbr=on}}, although they did not know the exact position of the aircraft{{Cn|date=January 2025}}
At 21:21, the captain contacted the controller of ] and reported the flight path of flying over ] on the altitude of 3,300 meters (10,800 ft). The controller, who didn't know where the aircraft was, allowed for a descent to 2,100 meters (6,900 ft). The dispatcher had saw the aircraft turn to the left and there was no marks on the radar, that was until the aircraft was close to the mountains, he failed to give instructions to began climbing and return to the regulated flight path. The pilots did not use the ] that was available and did not return to the specified flight path.<ref name=":0" />


At 21:26, the flight, flying at an altitude of 2,100 meters (6,900 ft) and being at a speed of 500 km/h (270 kts) and 90km away from ], collided into ] at an altitude of 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) and was destroyed on impact, killing the 21 occupants onboard.<ref name=":0" /> At 21:26, the flight, flying at 2100 meters at a speed of {{convert|500|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, struck the side of Mount Airy-Tash (90 km from ]) at an altitude of 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) and was destroyed on impact, killing the 21 occupants onboard.<ref name=":0" />


== Causes == == Causes ==
The commission had determined the following for the cause of the accident:<ref name=":0" /> The commission had determined the following for the cause of the accident:<ref name=":0" />{{Failed verification|date=January 2025}}


# Violation of the crew of within NPP GA-66 and NSHS GA-62 by the use of ground and aircraft navigation for the specific flight path, which led to the collision with the mountains. # Violation of the crew of within NPP GA-66 and NSHS GA-62 by the use of ground and aircraft navigation for the specific flight path, which led to the collision with the mountains.
# Reduction of the altitude of the aircraft by using the ] when flying in the mountainous terrain by the dispatchers of Kokand and Leninabad, despite the lack of radar to show the aircraft’s actual location, and the non-use of technical meanings to control the flight maneuvers. # Reduction of the altitude of the aircraft by using the ] when flying in the mountainous terrain by the dispatchers of Kokand and Leninabad, despite the lack of radar to show the aircraft’s actual location, and the non-use of technical meanings to control the flight maneuvers.{{Cn|date=January 2025}}


The commission had also found the following contributing factors, leading to the accident:<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>“Terrible navigation training for the PIC and F/O, lack of experience with the ] during flights with the Yak-40. Both pilots had recently been retaught to fly the Yak-40, by flying the ] and ]. It was noted during training that on flights using the IFR, the curtains of the aircraft weren’t used due to the absence of the aircraft that were used for training.”</blockquote> The commission had also found the following contributing factors, leading to the accident:<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" />{{Failed verification|date=January 2025}}<blockquote>“Terrible navigation training for the PIC and F/O, lack of experience with the ] during flights with the Yak-40. Both pilots had recently been retaught to fly the Yak-40 by flying the ] and ]. It was noted during training that on flights using the IFR, the curtains of the aircraft weren’t used due to the absence of the aircraft that were used for training.”</blockquote>


== See also == == See also ==
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== External links == == External links ==
* at the ]
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Latest revision as of 12:04, 22 January 2025

1970 aviation accident in the Soviet Union Not to be confused with Aeroflot Flight 04.
Aeroflot Flight Sh-4
An Aeroflot Yak-40, similar to the accident aircraft.
Accident
Date3 September 1970
SummaryControlled flight into terrain due to pilot error
SiteMount Airy-Tash, Asht District, Sughd Region, TaSSR
Aircraft
Aircraft typeYakovlev Yak-40
OperatorAeroflot (Tajik UGA, Dushanbe OJSC)
RegistrationCCCP-87690
Flight originFrunze Airport
StopoverLeninabad Airport
DestinationDushanbe Airport
Occupants21
Passengers18
Crew3
Fatalities21
Survivors0

On September 3, 1970, a Yakovlev Yak-40, operating Aeroflot Flight Sh-4, collided with Mount Airy-Tash in the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, a constituent republic of the Soviet Union. The crash resulted in 21 fatalities and was the first fatal accident and hull loss of a Yak-40.

Aircraft

The Yak-40, registration CCCP-87690 (MSN 9910503 - Serial number 03-05), was manufactured at the Saratov Aviation Plant on March 1, 1969, and was transferred to the Ministry of Civil Aviation of the USSR, which on March 12 sent the aircraft to the Dushanbe Aviation Unit of the Tajik Civil Aviation Directorate. The aircraft had the maximum capacity of 24 passengers. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had accumulated 1020 flight hours and 1344 cycles.

Accident

Flight Sh-4, being operated by the Yak-40, was flying the first leg by the flight crew of the 186th squadron, consisting of commander (PIC) V. F. Sutormin, first officer G. V. Karpov, and flight engineer V. T. Shashkina. The aircraft had 18 passengers onboard the flight. The aircraft departed Frunze Airport at 20:24, reaching the assigned altitude of 5,700 m (18,700 ft).

After the aircraft flew over the Toktogul Dam, the controller instructed the flight to descend to 5,700 meters (18,700 ft). After descending to the instructed altitude, the aircraft began to deviate 30-50 kilometers north. The crew contacted the dispatcher of Kokand about the flight path of flying over the towns of Namangan and Kokand. At the same time, the controller failed to inspect where the flight was on the radar and did not know where its position was but gave permission to descend to 3,300 meters (10,800 ft). The crew of the Yak-40 followed the instructions, descending into the height of the mountains, which was higher than the aircraft’s altitude. The dispatcher in Kokand had instructed the captain to contact Leninabad Airport; without warning the dispatcher in Leninabad (now known as Khujand) and the aircraft’s crew, there was no radar contact within the area.

The crew did not realize that the aircraft had deviated to the west from the flight route. The crew radioed to ATC that they had passed over the towns of Namangan and Kokand. At 21:21, Leninabad ATC cleared the crew to descend to 3,300 m (10,800 ft) and then 2,100 m (6,900 ft), although they did not know the exact position of the aircraft

At 21:26, the flight, flying at 2100 meters at a speed of 500 km/h (310 mph), struck the side of Mount Airy-Tash (90 km from Leninabad) at an altitude of 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) and was destroyed on impact, killing the 21 occupants onboard.

Causes

The commission had determined the following for the cause of the accident:

  1. Violation of the crew of within NPP GA-66 and NSHS GA-62 by the use of ground and aircraft navigation for the specific flight path, which led to the collision with the mountains.
  2. Reduction of the altitude of the aircraft by using the IFR when flying in the mountainous terrain by the dispatchers of Kokand and Leninabad, despite the lack of radar to show the aircraft’s actual location, and the non-use of technical meanings to control the flight maneuvers.

The commission had also found the following contributing factors, leading to the accident:

“Terrible navigation training for the PIC and F/O, lack of experience with the IFR during flights with the Yak-40. Both pilots had recently been retaught to fly the Yak-40 by flying the Il-14 and An-2. It was noted during training that on flights using the IFR, the curtains of the aircraft weren’t used due to the absence of the aircraft that were used for training.”

See also

References

  1. ^ "Soviet Database". www.scramble.nl. Retrieved 2025-01-19.
  2. ^ "Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 on Mt. Airy Tash: 21 killed". B3A Archives. Retrieved 27 December 2024.

External links

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