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'''Helena Wolińska-Brus''' (born ] of ]ish parentage as ''' Fajga Mindla Danielak''') is a former military prosecutor from ], involved in ] regime show trials of the 1950s. She is alleged of organizing the unlawful arrest of, and aiding investigation and trial against, ]. Fieldorf was executed on February 24, 1953. '''Helena Wolińska-Brus''' (born ] of ]ish parentage as ''' Fajga Mindla Danielak''') is a former military prosecutor from ], involved in ] regime ] of the 1950s. Since 1999, Poland has been striving for extradition of Wolińska from the ] to stand trial in Poland. The official charges against her were initiated by the ].
⚫ Wolińska is accused of being an "accessory to a court murder," classified as a ] and a crime of ], and is punishable by up to ten years in prison. Among other crimes, she is alleged of organising the unlawful arrest of, and aiding investigation and trial against, Poland's wartime hero general ], a legendary commander of the Polish underground ] during WW II. ] was executed on February 24, 1953. Communist authorities concluded already in a 1956 report that Wolińska had violated the rule of law by her involvement in biased investigations and trials that frequently resulted in executions.


==Biography==
Wolińska was married to ], the commander of the ] and the first commandant of the communist state police ] in Poland. Her first husband, ] (born as Beniamin Zylberberg), was separated from her during the ], but they were re-united in 1944 and remarried in 1956. He was a marxist economist and member of the governing political party in communist-ruled Poland ] until 1968. After political changes in Poland and the anti-Jewish campaign of ] forced them out of Poland in 1968, Wolińska moved with her husband to Britain. Currently, ] is a professor of economics at ]. Wolińska lives in Oxford and has British citizenship. Wolińska was married to ], the commander of the ] and the first commandant of the communist state police ] in Poland. Her first husband, ] (born as Beniamin Zylberberg), was separated from her during the ], but they were re-united in 1944 and remarried in 1956. He was a marxist economist and member of the governing political party in communist-ruled Poland ] until 1968.


Wolińska left Poland in 1968 after ] and now resides in the ]. Her husband, ] was a professor of economics at ] (he died in 2007). Wolińska lives in Oxford and has British citizenship.
⚫ Since 1999, Poland has been striving for extradition of Wolińska from Britain to stand trial in Poland. Wolińska is accused of being an "accessory to a court murder," classified as a Stalinist crime and a crime of genocide, and is punishable by up to ten years in prison. The official charges against her were initiated by the ]. Communist authorities concluded in a 1956 report that Wolińska had violated the rule of law by her involvement in biased investigations and trials that frequently resulted in executions.


==Controversy==
In 2006, the ], after reviewing all the documents provided by the Polish National Remembrance Institute and the Polish Prosecutors related to the crimes committed by Helena Wolińska-Brus, refused her extradition to Poland. The ] cited humanitarian reasons, her old age, and the 50 years since the alleged crimes occurred.


Two applications for Wolińska-Brus' extradition have been made by the Poles in 1999 and 2001, <ref>], November 20, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007]</ref> both of which the ] refused on humanitarian grounds; in particular her advanced age and the 50 years since the alleged crimes occurred.
In an interview with the Sunday Telegraph, Wolińska said she would not return to "the country of Auschwitz and Birkenau", claiming she will not receive fair trial in Poland. She claims the Polish investigation of her crimes is using her as scapegoat because everyone else is dead.

In an interview with ], Wolińska said she would not return to "the country of ] and ]", claiming she would not receive fair trial in Poland. Despite her involvement in Stalinist-era crimes she called to forget that period in her life and, in her own words, "not to disrupt her with this silly prosecution" <ref>], December 6, 1998. Retrieved November 22, 2007]</ref>. The Polish media and government in turn criticized the inefficiency of the international extradition process.

In 2006 Polish president ] revoked the ] decoration that Wolinska had received in 1954. In 2004, Poland joined the ] <ref>]</ref>, allowing access to the European extradition procedures. In 2007 the ] asked Polish prosecutors to issue an ] (EAW) against Wolinska, which was issued on November 20, 2007 <ref>], November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007]; ], November 20, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007]</ref>; this will be the third attempt at her extradition.

==References==


{{Refimprove|date=June 2007}} {{Refimprove|date=June 2007}}

<references/>


==External links== ==External links==
* Warswa Voice * Warsaw Voice
* *
*, New York University Law School 1999 *, New York University Law School 1999
* The Sunday Telegraph 1998 * The Sunday Telegraph 1998
* (in English)
* {{pl icon}} http://www.pis.org.pl/article.php?id=4832 * {{pl icon}} http://www.pis.org.pl/article.php?id=4832


Revision as of 17:50, 22 November 2007

Helena Wolińska in Polish Army uniform

Helena Wolińska-Brus (born 1919 of Jewish parentage as Fajga Mindla Danielak) is a former military prosecutor from Poland, involved in Stalinist regime show trials of the 1950s. Since 1999, Poland has been striving for extradition of Wolińska from the United Kingdom to stand trial in Poland. The official charges against her were initiated by the Commission for Investigating Crimes against the Polish Nation. Wolińska is accused of being an "accessory to a court murder," classified as a Stalinist crime and a crime of genocide, and is punishable by up to ten years in prison. Among other crimes, she is alleged of organising the unlawful arrest of, and aiding investigation and trial against, Poland's wartime hero general Emil August Fieldorf, a legendary commander of the Polish underground Polish Home Army during WW II. Emil August Fieldorf was executed on February 24, 1953. Communist authorities concluded already in a 1956 report that Wolińska had violated the rule of law by her involvement in biased investigations and trials that frequently resulted in executions.

Biography

Wolińska was married to Franciszek Jóźwiak, the commander of the Gwardia Ludowa and the first commandant of the communist state police Milicja Obywatelska in Poland. Her first husband, Wlodzimierz Brus (born as Beniamin Zylberberg), was separated from her during the Holocaust, but they were re-united in 1944 and remarried in 1956. He was a marxist economist and member of the governing political party in communist-ruled Poland Polish United Workers' Party until 1968.

Wolińska left Poland in 1968 after Polish 1968 political crisis and now resides in the United Kingdom. Her husband, Wlodzimierz Brus was a professor of economics at Oxford University (he died in 2007). Wolińska lives in Oxford and has British citizenship.

Controversy

Two applications for Wolińska-Brus' extradition have been made by the Poles in 1999 and 2001, both of which the British Home Office refused on humanitarian grounds; in particular her advanced age and the 50 years since the alleged crimes occurred.

In an interview with The Sunday Telegraph, Wolińska said she would not return to "the country of Auschwitz and Birkenau", claiming she would not receive fair trial in Poland. Despite her involvement in Stalinist-era crimes she called to forget that period in her life and, in her own words, "not to disrupt her with this silly prosecution" . The Polish media and government in turn criticized the inefficiency of the international extradition process.

In 2006 Polish president Lech Kaczyński revoked the Polonia Restituta decoration that Wolinska had received in 1954. In 2004, Poland joined the European Union , allowing access to the European extradition procedures. In 2007 the Commission for Investigating Crimes against the Polish Nation asked Polish prosecutors to issue an European Arrest Warrant (EAW) against Wolinska, which was issued on November 20, 2007 ; this will be the third attempt at her extradition.

References

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Helena Wolińska-Brus" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
  1. The Times, November 20, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007
  2. The Sunday Telegraph, December 6, 1998. Retrieved November 22, 2007
  3. Foreign relations of Poland
  4. The Daily Telegraph, November 21, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007; The Times, November 20, 2007. Retrieved November 22, 2007

External links

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