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{{Infobox Military Person {{Infobox Military Person
|name= '''General Labh Singh''' |name= '''General Labh Singh'''
|lived= ] - ], ] |lived= 1952 - July 12, 1988
|placeofbirth= ] Village Panjwar, ], ] |placeofbirth= ] Village Panjwar, ], ]
|placeofdeath= ] ], ], ], ] |placeofdeath= ] ], ], ], ]
Line 12: Line 12:
|commands= |commands=
|unit= |unit=
|battles= ], ] (East {{lang-pa|ਖਾਲਿਸਤਾਨ}}. He was involved in day-light attack on Director-General of the Punjab Police J.F. Ribeiro inside his headquarters. Also involved in daylight bank robbery of Rs 5.70 ] from the Punjab National Bank, Miller Gunj, Ludhiana, Pb, India etc. |battles= ], ] (East {{lang-pa|ਖਾਲਿਸਤਾਨ}}).
* Day-light attack on Director-General of the Punjab Police J.F. Ribeiro inside his headquarters.
* Day-light bank robbery of Rs 5.70 ] from the Punjab National Bank, Miller Gunj, Ludhiana, Pb, India (biggest heist in Asia's history)
|awards= |awards=
|laterwork= |laterwork=
}} }}


'''Labh Singh''' (or "General Labh Singh") was a former ] officer<ref></ref> who took command of the ] after its founder, General ], died in late 1980s <ref>http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/retrieve/726/etd1604.pdf</ref><ref></ref>. He was an associate of Sant ] and he had fought against Indian army during ]<ref></ref>. He was credited for re-structuring ] with a fluid hierarchy. He was involved in the attack on the Director-General of the ] ]. He also took part in the Indian history's biggest bank robbery of Rs. 5.70 ] ($4.5 million) from ], Miller Gunj branch, ]<ref name="tribuneindia.com">http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081010/punjab1.htm#11</ref> to finance violent campaign for a separate Sikh state of ].<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com"/><ref>http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html</ref>. '''Labh Singh''' (1952 - July 12, 1988), was a former ] officer<ref name="lal">{{harvnb|Mahmood|1997|p=}}</ref> who took command of the ] after its first leader, ], was arrested in 1986 and eventually killed in 1987.<ref>http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/retrieve/726/etd1604.pdf</ref><ref name="encycloextreme">{{cite book|last=Atkins|first=Stephen E.|title=Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|location=page 242|date=2004|edition=illustrated|pages=404|isbn=0313324859, 9780313324857|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=b8k4rEPvq_8C&vq|accessdate=June 26, 2009|language=English}}</ref>
He was also known as ''Sukha Sipahi'', and ''General Labh Singh''

He was an associate of ] and fought against the Indian army during ].<ref name="lal79"/> He restructured the ] and led it until his death in 1988, allegedly taking part in attacks on police, bank robberies, and murders in support of the ] to create a ] homeland, ].<ref name="tribuneindia.com">http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081010/punjab1.htm#11</ref><ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com"/><ref>http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html</ref>


==Early life== ==Early life==


Labh Singh was born in 1952 to Puran Singh and his wife Kulwant Kaur. In his childhood he lived in the village of Panjwar, District ], Punjab, India.{{fact|date=June 2009|The only sources I see for this are not RS. Language is so stylized I can't at all be sure what it says matches this.}}
⚫ Labh Singh's original name was Sukhdev Singh and he was also known as Sukha Sipahi<ref></ref><ref></ref>. He was born in 1952 to Mr. Puran Singh and Mrs. Kulwant Kaur in the village of Panjwar, District ], Punjab, India. In 1980, he married Davinder Kaur according to ] rites and had two sons Rajashwar Singh and Pardeep Singh. He served in police force for 12 years<ref></ref>.

In 1980, he married Davinder Kaur according to Sikh rites. They had two sons. Rajashwar Singh and Pardeep Singh.{{fact|date=June 2009|The only sources I see for this are not RS.}}

==12 years with Punjab police==

Labh Singh was a member of the police<ref name="Kin of slain"/> for 12 years before becoming a militant.<ref></ref>


==Association with Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale== ==Association with Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale==


After he left his job with the police, he joined the Sikh militants.<ref name="Kin of slain">{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010309/main7.htm|title=Kin of slain Babbar Khalsa chief shift abroad|last=Walia|first=Varinder|coauthors=Gurbaxpuri|date=March 8, 2001|publisher=The Tribune (Tribune News Service)|language=English|accessdate=2009-06-26}}</ref>
In 1983, after coming close to Sant ], he deserted the police and joined the Sikh militants<ref></ref>. In May 1984, he, along with Gursewak Singh Babla<ref></ref>, Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, was accused of killing Hind Samachar newspaper group editor Ramesh Chander<ref></ref> who was an outspoken critic of Sant ] and who wrote that Punjab state has become a slaughterhouse<ref></ref>. As per a phone call received at Indian news agency afterwards, “it was notified that whoever speaks or writes against Sant ] will be answered with bullets”<ref></ref>. During ], he fought against Indian Army along with other Sikh militants<ref></ref>. Arrested by the army after the operation<ref></ref>, he was sent to Jodhpur Jail where he spent two years without trial.


In May 1984, he, Gursewak Singh Babla, Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, were accused of killing Hind Samachar newspaper group editor Ramesh Chander.<ref></ref><ref></ref>. The Hind Samachar was an outspoken critic of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale who had written that Punjab state had become a slaughterhouse.<ref></ref>
⚫ ==Association with Khalistan Commando Force==
Indian news agency reported that a caller stated “it was notified that whoever speaks or writes against Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale will be answered with bullets.”<ref></ref>


During ], he fought against the Indian Army along with other Sikh militants.<ref name="lal79">{{harvnb|Mahmood|1997|p=}}</ref> Arrested by the army after the operation,<ref></ref> he was sent to Jodhpur Jail where he spent two years without trial.
⚫ He escaped from police cutody on April 25 1986 when Sikh militant leader ] and his associates attacked Indian security forces that were taking him to trail in the District courts of ], Punjab, India<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=8QufTc6fAocC&pg=PA168&dq=general+labh+singh+fighting+for+faith+and+nation&lr=&num=100&ei=upDaSOfhJKDitQPG2-XeDg&sig=ACfU3U2YnlXSW49kQTTEBo8RDhPhpDFIfQ</ref>. He along with Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, was to appear in court on charges of slaying Ramesh Chander, a leading ] newspaper editor. Militants freed all three prisoners. Four police officers were killed inside the District Court complex and two other officers were shot at the courtyard gate as the attackers fled. <ref></ref>. 16 other armed court guards cowered in fear. As per police statement, the sentries were too terrified to fire back. Attackers also took away three rifles and a submachine gun of the slain officers<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>.


⚫ ==Khalistan Commando Force==
After ]'s first commander-in-chief ]'s arrest and alleged disappearance, Labh Singh took over the leadership of ]<ref></ref><ref></ref> and re-created it with a fluid hierarchy, enabling it to accommodate any potential setbacks. He was the undisputed head of this force until his death. He appointed half a dozen Lieutenant Generals, each independent of each other, with each of them having Area Commanders. As such, the death of a Lieutenant General, for example, would result in the promotion of an Area Commander<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=AK6QA_WotRYC&pg=PT161&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=Rj83Sq-cM5DOlQSi97GnAQ</ref>. After his death this organisation was headed by Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind. After Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind's death, Paramjeet Singh Panjwar became the General of his organisation.
On April 25, 1986, Sukhdev Singh, Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, were to appear in court on charges of slaying Ramesh Chander, a leading ] newspaper editor.
On that day, Sikh militant leader ] and other KCF members attacked Indian security forces that were taking the three prisoners to trial in the District courts of ], ], ].<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=8QufTc6fAocC&pg=PA168&dq=general+labh+singh+fighting+for+faith+and+nation&lr=&num=100&ei=upDaSOfhJKDitQPG2-XeDg&sig=ACfU3U2YnlXSW49kQTTEBo8RDhPhpDFIfQ</ref>
⚫ The militants freed all three prisoners, killing four police officers inside the District Court complex and two police officers at the courtyard gate as the attackers fled.<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref><ref></ref>.


Labh Singh took over the leadership of the Khalistan Commando Force after its first leader, ], was arrested.
⚫ He was involved in several police encounters including daylight attack on the Director-General of the ] ] on October 3, 1986 inside the headquarters of Punjab Armed Police in the city of Jalandhar, Punjab, India<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020125/punjab1.htm</ref><ref>http://www.canada.com/windsorstar/news/story.html?id=4e9019ee-c9cd-4459-8a1f-e4f08238125e</ref><ref>http://www.sikhtimes.com/sikhism_timeline.html</ref>.


On August 8, 1986, Punjab Police arrested ]("Hari Singh"), and he was eventually killed <ref></ref><ref name="lal"/><ref></ref>
⚫ Along with ], ] and other militants of the ], he also took part in the daylight robbery of the ], Miller Gunj branch, ] in which more than Rs 5.70 crore (58 million rupees-$4.5 million) were looted, a part of which belonged to the ], India's central bank. <ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com">http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58240583.html?dids=58240583:58240583&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Feb+13%2C+1987&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Sikh+Separatists+Masquerade+as+Police+to+Stage+India's+Biggest+Bank+Robbery&pqatl=google</ref><ref>http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html</ref> Sikh militants often used bank robberies to finance their violent campaign against the Indian government.<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com"/>.
<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=AK6QA_WotRYC&pg=PT161&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=Rj83Sq-cM5DOlQSi97GnAQ</ref> <ref>https://www.ihro.in/?q=node/41|title= The Killings In Sangrur Jail </ref> while in police custody.


Sukhdev Singh changed his name to ], assumed the title of "General," and completely reorganized the KCF.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}
==Death and afterwards==
He set up a resilient structure in an attempt to allow for the death or capture of leaders. Reporting to him were 6 independent Lieutenant Generals. To each of them reported various Area Commanders. If a Lieutenant were killed, an Area Commander would be promoted to fill the slot.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}


⚫ He was involved in several police encounters including a daylight attack on the Director-General of the ] ] on October 3, 1986 inside the headquarters of Punjab Armed Police in the city of Jalandhar, Punjab, India.<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020125/punjab1.htm</ref><ref>http://www.canada.com/windsorstar/news/story.html?id=4e9019ee-c9cd-4459-8a1f-e4f08238125e</ref><ref>http://www.sikhtimes.com/sikhism_timeline.html</ref>
He was killed in an exchange of fire with the police near ], ], Punjab, India (Faultlines, May 1999, vol. 1.1, p. 29, New Delhi: Institute of Conflict Management.)<ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/backgrounder/index.html</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=z9GG4__JJNwC&pg=PA399&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=NUs3StXSGYSukASb1pCoAQ</ref><ref></ref>. At the time of his death, he himself was wanted in connection with the murder of a dozen policemen, a newspaper editor Ramesh Chander, an attempt on the life of former ] Chief ] and a major Bank robbery of Ludhiana. ] police Superintendent Suresh Arora declared that with his killing, police has broken the back of the ]<ref></ref>. His entire family was forced to migrate to ] after his death though his father-in-law stayed on in Labh Singh's house. However, he committed suicide by jumping himself before a train after he was ‘mercilessly’ beaten up by the ]<ref></ref>. The ancestral house of Sukha Sipahi, which remained abandoned for years after his killing, is occupied by his relatives now<ref></ref>.


⚫ He was known as Sukha Sipahi <ref></ref><ref></ref> (truthful soldier) amongst the local people.{{fact|date=June 2009}}


⚫ Along with ], ] and other militants of the ], Lab Singh took part in the daylight robbery of the ], Miller Gunj branch, ] in which more than Rs 5.70 crore (58 million rupees-$4.5 million) were looted, a part of which belonged to the ], India's central bank. <ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com">http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58240583.html?dids=58240583:58240583&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Feb+13%2C+1987&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Sikh+Separatists+Masquerade+as+Police+to+Stage+India's+Biggest+Bank+Robbery&pqatl=google</ref><ref>http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html</ref>
⚫ {{start box}}
Sikh militants often used bank robberies to finance their violent campaign against the Indian government.<ref name="pqasb.pqarchiver.com"/>
⚫ {{succession box | before = ]|title = Commander-in-Chief of ]| years = 1986 &ndash; 1988 | after = Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind}}
⚫ {{end box}}


==References== ==Death==

In June of 1988, the Panthic committee appointed Labh Singh a high priest,<ref name="NST"/> but on July 12, 1988, Labh Singh was killed by police near ], ], Punjab, India.<ref name="PunjabEndgame">{{cite journal|last=Gill|first=K.P.S.|date=May 1999|title=Endgame In Punjab: 1988-1993|journal=Faultlines|publisher=Institute for Conflict Management|location=page 29|volume=1|issue=1|language=English|url=http://satp.org/satporgtp/publication/faultlines/volume1/fault1-kpstext.htm|accessdate=June 25, 2009}}</ref><ref>http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/backgrounder/index.html</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=z9GG4__JJNwC&pg=PA399&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=NUs3StXSGYSukASb1pCoAQ</ref><ref name="NST"/>
At the time of his death, he was wanted in connection with the murder of a dozen police, newspaper editor Ramesh Chander, and the attempted murder of former ] Chief ].
] police Superintendent Suresh Arora said "We have broken the back of the ]. Sukhdev Singh was the most dreaded of the terrorists."<ref name="NST">{{cite news|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ULkTAAAAIBAJ&sjid=I5ADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6723,2918806&dq=1988+sikh|title=Top Sikh extremist shot dead by Indian police|date=13 July 1988|publisher=New Straits Times|language=English|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref>

After his death the KCF was headed by Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind<ref>http://www.punjabheritage.org/content/view/448/31/</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=lpb1mbaHjGQC&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=kanwarjit+singh+sultanwind&source=bl&ots=p8dcNfdhNl&sig=5BRRU3cy_4uloaGbtWIbZxM3Le0&hl=en&ei=x2E7SvLUKIryMtnl7awO&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7</ref>
On 18 October 1989, Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind<ref name="terrorinmind"/> and Nirmal Singh Mianwind{{Fact|date=June 2009}}, and another KCF member were arrested by police near ].
Nirmal was killed.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}
Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind, then 23 years old, killed himself with poison.<ref name="terrorinmind">{{cite book|last=Juergensmeyer|first=Mark|publisher=University of California Press|location=Page 95|date=2003|edition=3|pages=319|chapter=The Sword of Sikhism|isbn=9780520240117|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lpb1mbaHjGQC&pg=PA95&lpg=PA95&dq=Kanwarjit+Singh+Sultanwind+death&source=bl&ots=p8dcMnajLc&sig=gGr5tZgCUhaotE1sD7RuOobnw7s&hl=en&ei=mgg7So-2D9WEtweUmrUG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8|accessdate=18 June 2009|title=Terror in the mind of God}}</ref>

His loss damaged the organisation. After his death, the Khalistan Commando Force split into factions including those led by Wassan Singh Zaffarwal, Paramjit Singh Panjwar and Gurjant Singh Rajasthani.
{{Fact|date=June 2009}}

Another result of Labh Singh's death was the failure of the Khalistan Commando Force - ] alliance, as the relationship established by Labh Singh and ] was lost.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}

Police and other Indian security forces caught or killed Lieutenant Generals and Area Commanders, and eventually crushed many of the factions.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}

==See also==
*]

==Citations==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


==References==
*{{cite book|last=Mahmood|first=Cynthia Keppley |title=Fighting for Faith and Nation: Dialogues with Sikh Militants|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1997|edition=illustrated|pages=314|isbn=9780812215922|language=English|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8QufTc6fAocC&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}

==External Links==
⚫ {{start box}}
⚫ {{succession box | before = ]|title = Commander-in-Chief of ]| years = 1986 &ndash; 1988 | after = Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind}}
⚫ {{end box}}
] ]
] ]

Revision as of 02:23, 26 June 2009

General Labh Singh
Nickname(s)Sukha Sipahi
AllegianceKhalistan Commando Force
Years of service1984 - 1988
RankGeneral (self-appointed)
Battles / warsOperation Blue Star, Khalistan movement (East Template:Lang-pa).
  • Day-light attack on Director-General of the Punjab Police J.F. Ribeiro inside his headquarters.
  • Day-light bank robbery of Rs 5.70 crore from the Punjab National Bank, Miller Gunj, Ludhiana, Pb, India (biggest heist in Asia's history)

Labh Singh (1952 - July 12, 1988), was a former Punjab Police officer who took command of the Khalistan Commando Force after its first leader, Manbir Singh Chaheru, was arrested in 1986 and eventually killed in 1987. He was also known as Sukha Sipahi, and General Labh Singh

He was an associate of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and fought against the Indian army during Operation Bluestar. He restructured the Khalistan Commando Force and led it until his death in 1988, allegedly taking part in attacks on police, bank robberies, and murders in support of the Khalistan movement to create a Sikh homeland, Khalistan.

Early life

Labh Singh was born in 1952 to Puran Singh and his wife Kulwant Kaur. In his childhood he lived in the village of Panjwar, District Amritsar, Punjab, India.

In 1980, he married Davinder Kaur according to Sikh rites. They had two sons. Rajashwar Singh and Pardeep Singh.

12 years with Punjab police

Labh Singh was a member of the police for 12 years before becoming a militant.

Association with Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale

After he left his job with the police, he joined the Sikh militants.

In May 1984, he, Gursewak Singh Babla, Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, were accused of killing Hind Samachar newspaper group editor Ramesh Chander.. The Hind Samachar was an outspoken critic of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale who had written that Punjab state had become a slaughterhouse. Indian news agency reported that a caller stated “it was notified that whoever speaks or writes against Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale will be answered with bullets.”

During Operation Blue Star, he fought against the Indian Army along with other Sikh militants. Arrested by the army after the operation, he was sent to Jodhpur Jail where he spent two years without trial.

Khalistan Commando Force

On April 25, 1986, Sukhdev Singh, Gurinder Singh and Swaranjit Singh, were to appear in court on charges of slaying Ramesh Chander, a leading Hindu newspaper editor. On that day, Sikh militant leader Manbir Singh Chaheru and other KCF members attacked Indian security forces that were taking the three prisoners to trial in the District courts of Jalandhar, Punjab, India. The militants freed all three prisoners, killing four police officers inside the District Court complex and two police officers at the courtyard gate as the attackers fled..

Labh Singh took over the leadership of the Khalistan Commando Force after its first leader, Manbir Singh Chaheru, was arrested.

On August 8, 1986, Punjab Police arrested Manbir Singh Chaheru("Hari Singh"), and he was eventually killed while in police custody.

Sukhdev Singh changed his name to Labh Singh, assumed the title of "General," and completely reorganized the KCF. He set up a resilient structure in an attempt to allow for the death or capture of leaders. Reporting to him were 6 independent Lieutenant Generals. To each of them reported various Area Commanders. If a Lieutenant were killed, an Area Commander would be promoted to fill the slot.

He was involved in several police encounters including a daylight attack on the Director-General of the Punjab Police Julio Francis Ribeiro on October 3, 1986 inside the headquarters of Punjab Armed Police in the city of Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

He was known as Sukha Sipahi (truthful soldier) amongst the local people.

Along with Harjinder Singh Jinda, Sukhdev Singh Sukha and other militants of the Khalistan Commando Force, Lab Singh took part in the daylight robbery of the Punjab National Bank, Miller Gunj branch, Ludhiana in which more than Rs 5.70 crore (58 million rupees-$4.5 million) were looted, a part of which belonged to the Reserve Bank of India, India's central bank. Sikh militants often used bank robberies to finance their violent campaign against the Indian government.

Death

In June of 1988, the Panthic committee appointed Labh Singh a high priest, but on July 12, 1988, Labh Singh was killed by police near Tanda, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India. At the time of his death, he was wanted in connection with the murder of a dozen police, newspaper editor Ramesh Chander, and the attempted murder of former Punjab Police Chief Julio Francis Ribeiro. Amritsar police Superintendent Suresh Arora said "We have broken the back of the KCF. Sukhdev Singh was the most dreaded of the terrorists."

After his death the KCF was headed by Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind On 18 October 1989, Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind and Nirmal Singh Mianwind, and another KCF member were arrested by police near Jalandhar. Nirmal was killed. Kanwarjit Singh Sultanwind, then 23 years old, killed himself with poison.

His loss damaged the organisation. After his death, the Khalistan Commando Force split into factions including those led by Wassan Singh Zaffarwal, Paramjit Singh Panjwar and Gurjant Singh Rajasthani.

Another result of Labh Singh's death was the failure of the Khalistan Commando Force - Babbar Khalsa alliance, as the relationship established by Labh Singh and Sukhdev Singh Babbar was lost.

Police and other Indian security forces caught or killed Lieutenant Generals and Area Commanders, and eventually crushed many of the factions.

See also

Citations

  1. ^ Mahmood 1997, p. 155
  2. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/retrieve/726/etd1604.pdf
  3. Atkins, Stephen E. (2004). Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups (illustrated ed.). page 242: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 404. ISBN 0313324859, 9780313324857. Retrieved June 26, 2009. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
  4. ^ Mahmood 1997, p. 79
  5. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081010/punjab1.htm#11
  6. ^ http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58240583.html?dids=58240583:58240583&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Feb+13%2C+1987&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Sikh+Separatists+Masquerade+as+Police+to+Stage+India's+Biggest+Bank+Robbery&pqatl=google
  7. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html
  8. ^ Walia, Varinder (March 8, 2001). "Kin of slain Babbar Khalsa chief shift abroad". The Tribune (Tribune News Service). Retrieved 2009-06-26. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  9. Fighting for Faith and Nation By Cynthia Keppley Mahmood - Page 155
  10. The Times of India, Aug 27, 2004
  11. Wilmington Morning Star, Apr 6, 1986
  12. Chicago Tribune, May 13, 1984
  13. Wilmington Morning Star, May 13, 1984
  14. New Straits Times Malaysia, Jul 13, 1988
  15. http://books.google.com/books?id=8QufTc6fAocC&pg=PA168&dq=general+labh+singh+fighting+for+faith+and+nation&lr=&num=100&ei=upDaSOfhJKDitQPG2-XeDg&sig=ACfU3U2YnlXSW49kQTTEBo8RDhPhpDFIfQ
  16. Wilmington Morning Star, Apr 6, 1986 Sikhs kill 6 on courthouse steps
  17. The Courier - Apr 6, 1986
  18. Los Angeles Times - Apr 6, 1986
  19. Chicago Tribune, Apr 5, 1986
  20. The Free-Lance Star - Apr 5, 1986
  21. Ludington Daily News - Apr 4, 1986
  24. The Journal of Commonwealth & comparative politics by Taylor & Francis
  25. 'Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups' by Stephen E. Atkins
  26. http://books.google.com/books?id=AK6QA_WotRYC&pg=PT161&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=Rj83Sq-cM5DOlQSi97GnAQ
  27. https://www.ihro.in/?q=node/41%7Ctitle= The Killings In Sangrur Jail
  28. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020125/punjab1.htm
  29. http://www.canada.com/windsorstar/news/story.html?id=4e9019ee-c9cd-4459-8a1f-e4f08238125e
  30. http://www.sikhtimes.com/sikhism_timeline.html
  31. Terrorism & It's Effects By Juan Sanchez, various
  32. Genesis of terrorism By Satyapal Dang
  33. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3810376.html
  34. ^ "Top Sikh extremist shot dead by Indian police". New Straits Times. 13 July 1988. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
  35. Gill, K.P.S. (May 1999). "Endgame In Punjab: 1988-1993". Faultlines. 1 (1). page 29: Institute for Conflict Management. Retrieved June 25, 2009.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  36. http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/backgrounder/index.html
  37. http://books.google.com/books?id=z9GG4__JJNwC&pg=PA399&dq=general+labh+singh&ei=NUs3StXSGYSukASb1pCoAQ
  38. http://www.punjabheritage.org/content/view/448/31/
  39. http://books.google.com/books?id=lpb1mbaHjGQC&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=kanwarjit+singh+sultanwind&source=bl&ots=p8dcNfdhNl&sig=5BRRU3cy_4uloaGbtWIbZxM3Le0&hl=en&ei=x2E7SvLUKIryMtnl7awO&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
  40. ^ Juergensmeyer, Mark (2003). "The Sword of Sikhism". Terror in the mind of God (3 ed.). Page 95: University of California Press. p. 319. ISBN 9780520240117. Retrieved 18 June 2009.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

References

External Links

Preceded byManbir Singh Chaheru Commander-in-Chief of Khalistan Commando Force
1986 – 1988 		Succeeded byKanwarjit Singh Sultanwind

{{subst:#if:Singh, Labh|}} [[Category:{{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:1952}} 

|| UNKNOWN | MISSING = Year of birth missing {{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:1988}}||LIVING=(living people)}}
| #default = 1952 births

}}]] {{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:1988}} 

|| LIVING  = 
| MISSING  = 
| UNKNOWN  = 
| #default =

}}

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