Misplaced Pages

Filipinos: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from[REDACTED] with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 01:36, 30 June 2009 editElockid (talk | contribs)42,430 edits How is it advertising? Every single ethnic group page shows images of people in their infobox← Previous edit Revision as of 01:38, 30 June 2009 edit undoOrsahnses (talk | contribs)104 edits Fucking Americans get the fuck out of the Philipines.Next edit →
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Infobox Ethnic group {{Infobox Ethnic group
|group = Filipino people <br> |group = Filipino people <br>
|image =
|image = ]]] ]]] ]]]
|caption = <small>Notable Filipinos:<br><small>] · ] · ] · ] · ] · ] · ] · ] · ]<small>
|pop = about 98 million people<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html |title=The World Factbook - Philippines |publisher=U.S. Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=2009-05-31}}</ref> |pop = about 98 million people<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html |title=The World Factbook - Philippines |publisher=U.S. Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=2009-05-31}}</ref>
|regions = ] |regions = ]

Revision as of 01:38, 30 June 2009

Ethnic group
Filipino people
Total population
about 98 million people
Regions with significant populations
Philippines
Languages
Filipino, English, Spanish, Philippine languages, and other languages.
Religion
Christianity (Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism), Islam, Paganism, Animism, and other religions.
Related ethnic groups
Austronesian people, Asian people

Filipino people refers to an ethnic group in the Philippines, a country in Southeast Asia. The name Filipino was derived from Las Islas Filipinas (The Philippine Islands), the Spanish name given to the Philippines in the 16th century, by Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos. There are about 98 million Filipinos, and about 11 million of whom live outside of the Philippines.

Colloquially, Filipinos refer to themselves as "Pinoy" (feminine: "Pinay"), which is a slang word formed by taking the last four letters of "Pilipino", and adding the diminutive suffix "-y". Many Philippine languages lack /f/ as a phoneme, and is substituted by /p/ turning "Filipino" into "Pilipino".

History

Main article: History of the Philippines

The earliest human remains found in the Philippines are the fossilized fragments of a skull, and jawbone, discovered in the 1960s by Dr. Robert B. Fox, an American anthropologist of the National Museum. Anthropologists who have examined these human remains agreed that it belonged to modern human beings. These include the homo sapiens, as distinguished from the mid-Pleistocene homo erectus species. This indicates that the human remains were Pre-Mongoloid. Mongoloid being the term anthropologists applied to the ethnic group which migrated to Southeast Asia during the Holocene period, and evolved into the Austronesian people, a group of Malay or Malayo-Polynesian speaking people, a dialect part of the Austronesian language, and Formosan language found in Southeast Asia, the Polynesian islands, and Madagascar. About 30,000 years ago, the Negritos, who became the ancestors of the Aeta, Agta, Ayta, Ati, Dumagat, and other tribes of the Philippines forms about .003% of the total Philippine population.

Approximately 4000-2000 BC Austronesian groups descended from Yunnan Plateau in China and settled in what is now the Philippines by sailing using barangays or by traversing land bridges coming from Taiwan.The Indigenous peoples of the Philippines were also in contact with other Asian people such as Malaysian, Indonesian, and Chinese. Various ethnic groups established several communities formed by the assimilation of various Indigenous Philippine kingdoms. By the 13th century, Islam was brought to the Philippines by Muslim traders from Malaysia, and Indonesia. Most Indigenous tribes of the Philippines practised a mixture of Animism, and Islam. There were native villages called Barangays ruled by Rajahs, and Datus.

The Spanish exploration, breifly in 1521, and later in 1565 initiated a period of Spanish colonization of the Philippines that lasted for 333 years. The Philippines were governed by Mexico City on behalf of the Spanish Empire. Early Spanish settlers were mostly explorers, soldiers, government official, and religious missionares who were born in Spain, and Mexico. The Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain) settled in the islands to governed the territory. A majority of the Peninsulares were Castillan Spanish but along with them are Andalusians, Catalonians, and Basques. Intermarriage between Spaniards, and the Indigenous people was sometimes encouraged, but did not happen as it had in the Americas. A minority of intermarriage, and inter-breeding took place between the two ethnic groups in the Philippines. Some settlers married the daughters of Rajahs, and Datus (Chieftains) to reinforce the colonization of the islands while some married only Spaniards of pure Spanish descent. The succeeding generation, called Insulares (Spaniards from the islands) became town mayors, and hacienderos (land owners) who were granted with plantations by the Spanish government. In some provinces in the Philippines the Spanish government encouraged foreign merchants to trade with the Indigenous tribes. However, they were not given such privileges as the right to own land. From the close contact between the Spanish people, a new society class were formed, known as the Principalía (Nobility).

Mexicans of European, and Mestizo heritage also arrived in the Philippines. Between 1565, and 1815, Hispanics from Mexico, and Spain sailed to, and from the Philippines, assisting Spain in its trade between Latin America, and the Philippines. By the opening of the Suez Canal in 1867, the Philippines were opened for International trade, and there were some Europeans such as the British, German, and French, who settled in the islands. By the end of the Spanish period, the ethnic groups in the Philippines began calling themselves Filipinos.

After the defeat of Spain during the Spanish-American War in 1898, the Philippines, and other remaining Spanish colonies were ceded to the United States in the Treaty of Paris, for $20 million dollars. United States government were established in 1901 during the Philippine-American War. William Howard Taft became the first American Governor-General of the Philippines, and a minority of Americans settled in the islands. World War II was a period of American migration to the Philippines. The country gained independence from the United States in 1946.

Genetic studies

A Stanford University study conducted during 2001 revealed that Haplogroup O3-M122 (labeled as "Haplogroup L" in this study) is the most common Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup found among Filipinos. This particular haplogroup is also predominant among Chinese, Koreans, and Vietnamese. Another haplogroup, Haplogroup O1a-M119 (labeled as "Haplogroup H" in this study), is also found among Filipinos. The rates of Haplogroup O1a are highest among the Taiwanese aborigines, and Chamic-speaking people. Overall, the genetic frequencies found among Filipinos point to the Ami tribe of Taiwan as their nearest genetic ancestors. These findings are consistent with the theory that ancestors of the Filipino people have originated on continental East or Southeast Asia before migrating to the Philippines via Taiwan. A 2002 China Medical University study indicated that Filipinos shared genetic chromosome that is found among Asian people, such as Taiwanese aborigines, Indonesians, Thais, and Chinese. A variety of research study by the University of the Philippines, genetic chromosome were found in Filipinos which are shared by people from different parts of East Asia, and Southeast Asia. The predominant genotype detected was SC, the Southeast Asian genotype.

Other ethnic groups include Mestizos. The official population of mixed-blood individuals in the Philippines remain unknown. However, according to a recent study conducted by Stanford University Asia-Pacific Research Center, stated that 3.6% of the Philippine population has varying degrees of European ancestry from Spanish, and United States colonization.

Languages

Main article: Languages of the Philippines

According to Ethnologue, there are about 180 languages spoken in the Philippines. Filipino (based on Tagalog), and English are the official languages. Other major languages of the Philippines include Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Kapampangan, Bikol, Pangasinan, Tausug, Maguindanao, Maranao, Kinaray-a, Chavacano, and Spanish.

Diaspora

Main article: Overseas Filipino

Filipinos form a minority ethnic group in the Americas, Europe, Oceania, the Middle East, and other countries in the world.

See also

Publications

References

  1. "The World Factbook - Philippines". U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
  2. "Filipino". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  3. "Archaeology in the Philippines, the National Museum and an Emergent Filipino Nation". Wilhelm G. Solheim II foundation for Philippine Archaeology, Inc.
  4. "Ethnologue report for the Austronesian Language". Ethnologue.com languages.
  5. "Prehispanic Source Materials for the study of Philippine History". New Day Publisher. Retrieved 1984. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  6. "Origin of the Polynesian peoples" (PDF).
  7. "Pacific People Spead From Taiwan, Language Evolution Study Shows". Science Daily. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
  8. "Austronesian genetic signature in East African Madagascar and Polynesia". Springer Link - Journal Article. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  9. "Background note:Philippines". U.S. Department of State Diplomacy in Action. Retrieved April 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  10. "Race Mixing and Westernization in Latin America and the Philippines". Analitica.com Venezuela. Retrieved 2002-08-23.
  11. "American Conquest of the Philippines - War and Consequences: Benevolent Assimilation and the 1899 PhilAm War". www.oovrag.com. Retrieved April 2003. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  12. "The Philippines/Philippines - A History of Resistance and Assimilation". voices.cla.umn.edu. Retrieved 2005. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  13. Capelli, Cristian (2001). "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania" (pdf). American journal of Human Genetics. 68: 432–443. doi:10.1086/318205. Retrieved 2007-06-24. {{cite journal}}: More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); line feed character in |coauthors= at position 56 (help)
  14. Chang JG, Ko YC, Lee JC, Chang SJ, Liu TC, Shih MC, Peng CT. "Molecular analysis of mutations and polymorphisms of the Lewis secretor type alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase gene reveals that Taiwanese aborigines are of Austronesian derivation". Journal of Human Genetics, abstract from PubMed (www.pubmed.gov). Retrieved 2002. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. Miranda JJ, Sugimoto C, Paraguison R, Takasaka T, Zheng HY, Yogo Y. "Genetic diversity of JC virus in the modern Filipino population: implications for the peopling of the Philippines". Journal of Human Genetics, abstract from PubMed (www.pubmed.gov). Retrieved 2007-03-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular South Asia and Oceania" (PDF). Stanford University. Retrieved 2001. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  17. "National Summary Tables". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2001-06-06.
  18. "Population Composition: Asian-born Australians". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2001-06-06.
Ethnic groups in the Philippines
Lowland
Luzon
Visayas
Mindanao
Moro
Highland
Igorot
Lumad
Mangyan
Negrito
Palaweño
Suludnon
Immigrants
or expatriates
Americas
Asia
Europe
Philippines articles
History
Overviews
Chronology
Geography
Politics
Government
Economy
Society
Culture
Symbols
Categories:
Filipinos: Difference between revisions Add topic