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| {{About|the German dialect |
{{About|the German dialect|the Polish dialect|Silesian Polish|Czech dialect|Lach dialects|ethnic group/nation|Silesians}} | ||
| {{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| |name = |
|name = Silesian | ||
| |altname= |
|altname = Lower Silesian | ||
| |nativename = Schläsche Sproache | |nativename = Schläsche Sproache | ||
| |states = ], ], ]<ref name="ethnologue"></ref> | |states = ], ], ]<ref name="ethnologue"></ref> | ||
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| '''Silesian German''' (Silesian German: ''Schläsche Sproache''/''Schläs'sche Sproche'', {{lang-de|Schlesisch}}) or '''Lower Silesian''' is a ] ]/] spoken in ]. Today, the area is mainly in southwestern ], but as well as in northeastern ] and in eastern ]. The group of dialects is nearly extinct. | '''Silesian German''' (Silesian German: ''Schläsche Sproache''/''Schläs'sche Sproche'', {{lang-de|Schlesisch}}) or '''Lower Silesian''' is a ] spoken in ]. Today, the area is mainly in southwestern ], but as well as in northeastern ] and in eastern ]. The group of dialects is nearly extinct. | ||
| == History == | == History == | ||
Revision as of 20:02, 30 January 2014
This article is about the German dialect. For the Polish dialect, see Silesian Polish. For Czech dialect, see Lach dialects. For ethnic group/nation, see Silesians.| Silesian | |
|---|---|
| Lower Silesian | |
| Schläsche Sproache | |
| Native to | Poland, Czech Republic, Germany |
| Region | Silesia. Also spoken in Czech Republic, eastern Germany. |
| Native speakers | (undated figure of 23,000) |
| Language family | Indo-European |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | sli |
| ELP | Lower Silesian |
Silesian German (Silesian German: Schläsche Sproache/Schläs'sche Sproche, Template:Lang-de) or Lower Silesian is a German dialect spoken in Silesia. Today, the area is mainly in southwestern Poland, but as well as in northeastern Czech Republic and in eastern Germany. The group of dialects is nearly extinct.
History
In origin, Silesian German appears to derive from 12th century Middle High German, with a strong influence from High German, Upper Saxon German, East Franconian German, Thuringian and Silesian. The inhabitants of Silesia are thought to be descendants of Upper Lusatia, Saxony, Thuringia and Franconia settlers who arrived in Silesia in the 13th century.
After World War II, local communist authorities forbade the use of the language. After the expulsion of the Germans from Silesia, German Silesian culture and language nearly died out when most of Silesia became part of Poland in 1945. Polish authorities banned the use of the German language. There are still unresolved feelings on the sides of both Poles and Germans, largely because of Nazi Germany's war crimes on Poles and the forced expulsion and ethnic cleansing of native Germans from former German soil that was transferred to Poland in the wake of the Potsdam Agreement.
Today, Silesian German is a dialect spoken in Upper Lusatia, the part of Silesia west of the Oder–Neisse line that remained German after 1945.
The German Silesian dialect is not recognized by the Polish State in any way, although the status of the German minority in Poland has improved much since the 1991 communist collapse and Polish entry into the European Union. It can be divided into Gebirgsschlesische Dialektgruppe, Südostschlesische Dialektgruppe, mittelschlesische Dialektgruppe, westschlesische Dialektgruppe and niederländische Dialektgruppe. The nordostböhmische Dialektgruppe belongs to Silesian, too.
Silesian German was the language in which the poetry of Karl von Holtei and Gerhart Hauptmann was written, during the 19th century.
See also
References
- ^ Ethnologue entry
- Silesian at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013) [REDACTED]
- Ludwig Erich Schmitt (Hrsg.): Germanische Dialektologie. Franz Steiner, Wiesbaden 1968, p. 138-139
- Ludwig Erich Schmitt (Hrsg.): Germanische Dialektologie. Franz Steiner, Wiesbaden 1968, p. 143
- Alois Kreller: Wortgeographie des Schönhengster Landes. Kraus, Nendeln 1939, 1979 Kraus, vol. 3, p. 3
External links
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