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Jathedar of Akal Takht
ਜਥੇਦਾਰ ਅਕਾਲ ਤਖ਼ਤ
Flag of Akal Takht
Incumbent Jagtar Singh Hawara since 10 November 2015
Style	Sardar Bhai Sahib Honorable Jathedar (Formal) Singh Sahib (Formal)
Residence	Tihar Jail, New Delhi, India
Appointer	Sarbat Khalsa
Term length	Dependent on Sikh Nation
Inaugural holder	Bhai Gurdas as Custodian of Akal Takht
Formation	17th Century
Website	Free Akal Takht

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The Jathedar of Akal Takht (Template:Lang-pa), is the appointed head of Akal Takht and head of Sikh Nation of the world. Sikh clergy consists of five Jathedars, one each from five Takhts.

Originally known as Akal Bunga, the building directly opposite the Darbar Sahib was built by Guru Hargobind as a place of justice and consideration of temporal issues; the highest seat of earthly authority of the Khalsa (the collective body of the Sikhs) and the place of the Jathedar, the highest spokesman of the Sikh Nation.

Selection process

During the 18th and 19th century, Jathedars of Akal Takht were appointed by the Sarbat Khalsa, a biannual deliberative assembly of the entire Khalsa held at Amritsar, Panjab.

From 1920 to 2008, Jathedars of Akal Takht were appointed by Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC), an elected body of the Sikhs sometimes called "Parliament of Sikhs".

In November 2015, the Sikh diaspora appointed Jathedars of Akal Takht through the traditional Sarbat Khalsa at the Chabba village on the outskirts of Amritsar, Panjab. Some 100,000 to 500,000 Sikhs attended the event from around the world. A few Sikh organizations did not attend and refused to recognize the resolutions of the event. The congregation of Sarbat Khalsa 2015 dismissed the SGPC Jathedar of Akal Takht and appointed two interim Jathedars of Akal Takht.

Controversy

Giani Arur Singh Naushera

In 1919, Sarbrah of Akal Takht, Giani Arur Singh Naushera honored General Michael O'Dwyer, responsible for the massacre of Jallianwala Bagh. Arur Singh was the grandfather of Sikh politician Simranjit Singh Mann. In 2002, Simranjit Singh Mann apologized for the act of his grandfather and stated, "seeking apology would give peace to his nana's soul."

List

No.		Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Assigned by	Term of office		Ref
Custodians of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"|	1	Bhai Gurdas (1551–1636)		Guru Hargobind	1618	1636
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"|	2	Mani Singh (1644–1737)		Guru Gobind Singh	1721	24 June 1734
Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	3	Darbara Singh (1644–1734)		Sarbat Khalsa	1722	1734
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	4	Kapur Singh Virk (1697–1753)		Sarbat Khalsa	1737	1753
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	5	Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1718–1783)	File:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia.jpg	Sarbat Khalsa	1753	1783
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	6	Phula Singh (1761–1823)		Sarbat Khalsa	1800	1823
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	7	Hanuman Singh (1755–1845)		Sarbat Khalsa	1823	1846
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	8	Prahlad Singh		Sarbat Khalsa	1846	Unknown
Sarbrah of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Independent politician/meta/color;"|	9	Arur Singh Naushera		East India Company	1919	1920
Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	10	Teja Singh Bhuchar		Sarbat Khalsa	12 October 1920	1921
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(11)	Teja Singh Akarpuri 1892-1975		SGPC	29 April 1921	13 October 1923
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(12)	Udham Singh Nagoke (1894-1966)		SGPC	1923	1924
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(13)	Acchar Singh (1893-1976)		SGPC	09 February 1924	10 January 1926
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(12)	Udham Singh Nagoke (1894-1966)		SGPC	10 January 1926	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(11)	Teja Singh Akarpuri 1892-1975		SGPC	27 November 1926	21 January 1930
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	14	Didar Singh		SGPC	1925	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	15	Jawaher Singh Mattu Bhaike		SGPC	1926	short period
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	16	Gurmukh Singh Musafir		SGPC	1931	1934
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	17	Wasakha Singh Dadehar (1877-1957)		SGPC	October 1934	December 1934
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	18	Mohan Singh Nagoke (1896-1969)		SGPC	1935	1952
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	19	Partap Singh (1904-1984)		SGPC	1952	1954
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	(13)	Acchar Singh (1893-1976)		SGPC	23 May 1955	08 November 1962
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	20	Mohan Singh Tur (1916-1979)		SGPC
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	21	Sadhu Singh Bhaura (1905-1984)		SGPC	1964	1980
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	22	Gurdial Singh Ajnoha (1927-1982)		SGPC	2 March 1980	1983
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	23	Kirpal Singh (1918-1993)		SGPC	1983	26 July 1980
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	24	Jasbir Singh Rode		Sarbat Khalsa	9 March 1988	1989
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	25	Darshan Singh (born 1940)		SGPC	1989	1990
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	26	Manjit Singh		SGPC	1994	1997
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	27	Ranjit Singh		SGPC	1997	1999
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	28	Giani Puran Singh		SGPC	1999	2000
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	29	Joginder Singh Vadanti		SGPC	2000	2008
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	30	Gurbachan Singh (born 1948)		SGPC	06 August 2008	10 November 2015
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	31	Jagtar Singh Hawara (born 1973)		Sarbat Khalsa	10 November 2015	Incumbent
Acting Jathedars of Akal Takht
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	1	Partap Singh (1904-1984)		SGPC	1938	1948
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	2	Kirpal Singh (1918-1993)		SGPC	1963	1965
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	3	Gurdev Singh Kaunke (1949-1993)		Sarbat Khalsa	26 January 1986	1993
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	4	Gurbachan Singh Manochahal (1954-1993)		Sarbat Khalsa	27 April 1986	26 January 1987
style="background:Template:SGPC/meta/color;"|	5	Darshan Singh (born 1940)		SGPC	31 December 1986	9 March 1988
style="background:Template:Sarbat Khalsa/meta/color;"|	6	Dhian Singh Mand		Sarbat Khalsa	10 November 2015	Incumbent

References

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2. "What sounds like a religious schism in Punjab could be a cry for better political leadership". The Economist. 28 November 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
3. "After Jallianwala bhag Akal Takht Jathedar gave Siropa to Odwyer Evidence". Daily Sikh Updates. 14 March 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
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5. ^ Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh (January 1995). Akal Takht Sahib: Concept and Role (2 ed.). Singh Brothers. ISBN 2-930247-38-X. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
6. Singh, Sukhdayal (1991). Siri Akal Takhat Sahib Sarbat Khalsa Ate Gurmatta. Punjab University, Patiala. p. 3. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
7. ^ "Jathedars (7th till 1st)". Shiromani Panth Akali Budha Dal (Panjwan Takhat). Retrieved 20 October 2016.
8. "Nawab Kapur Singh Virk (1697-1753)". Sikhism History. Sikhism History. Retrieved 18 October 2016.
9. Nabha, Kahan Singh (13 April 1930). Gur Shabad Ratanakar Mahankosh (1 ed.). Languages Department of Punjab, Patiala. p. ਕਪੂਰ ਸਿੰਘ. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
10. Nabha, Kahan Singh (13 April 1930). Gur Shabad Ratanakar Mahankosh (1 ed.). Languages Department of Punjab, Patiala. p. ਜੱਸਾ ਸਿੰਘ. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
11. Bedi, Daljit Singh. "ਸੁਲਤਾਨ-ਉਲ-ਕੌਮ ਜੱਸਾ ਸਿੰਘ ਆਹਲੂਵਾਲੀਆ ਨੂੰ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਦਿਆਂ..." Ajit Jalandhar. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
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13. ^ Singh, Balkar (April 1995). Akal Takht Sahib Jot Te Jugat. Chandigarh: Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. p. Appendices. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
14. ^ Dilgeer, Harjinder Singh (1980). The Akal Takht. Jalandhar: Punjabi Book Company Jullundur. p. 98. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
15. Mikhayhu, Alain (2011). Teja Singh Akarpuri. Tempor. ISBN 9786138779568.
16. ^ Bharti, Mahinder Singh (3 August 1997). Sankep Jeevani Singh Sahib Jathedar Aachar Singh Ji. Bhai Chatar Singh Jiwan Singh. p. 6.
17. Mikhayhu, Alain (2011). Teja Singh Akarpuri. Tempor. ISBN 9786138779568.
18. ^ Nirankari, Dr Maan Singh (1900s). Giani Partap Singh Ji. Darbar Printing Press. p. 17.
19. Anttal, Gurpreet Singh. "ਬਰਸੀ 'ਤੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼-ਜਥੇਦਾਰ ਮੋਹਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਤੁੜ". Ajit Jalandhar. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
20. ^ "Kirpal Singh, Singh Sahib Giani". The Sikh Encyclopedia. Retrieved 25 October 2016.
21. Bhatt, Ed. S. C.; Bhargava, Gopal K (2006). Land And People of Indian States & Union Territories (Punjab), Vol- 22nd. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. p. 410. ISBN 8178353784. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
22. ^ Deep, Ajay. "Jagtar Singh Hawara is the new Akal Takht Jathedar via Sarbat Khalsa". Retrieved 21 October 2016.
23. ^ Singh, Harjinder (2011). Game of Love (2 ed.). Walsall: Akaal Publishers. pp. 96–97. ISBN 9780955458712. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
24. ^ Walia, Varinder. "'Misdeeds' of stalwarts during militancy Amritsar ex-DC reveals it all". The Tribune. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
25. Chima, Jusdep Singh (2010). The Sikh Separatist Insurgency in India. New Delhi: SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd. p. 141. ISBN 9788132103028. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

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