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This list includes music artists with claims of 75 million or more record sales. The artists in the following tables are listed with both their claimed sales figure along with their total of certified units and are ranked in descending order, with the artist with the highest amount of claimed sales at the top. If two or more artists have the same claimed sales, they are then ranked by certified units. The claimed sales figure and the total of certified units (for each country) within the provided sources include sales of albums, singles, compilation-albums, music videos as well as downloads of singles and full-length albums. Sales figures, such as those from Soundscan, which are sometimes published by Billboard magazine, have not been included in the certified units column. As of 2017, based on both sales claims and certified units, The Beatles are considered the highest-selling band. Elvis Presley is considered the highest-selling individual artist based on sales claims and Rihanna is the highest-selling individual artist based on certified units.

Definitions

All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units. That is why Cliff Richard, Diana Ross, Scorpions, Bing Crosby, Gloria Estefan, Deep Purple, Iron Maiden, Tom Jones, The Jackson 5, Dionne Warwick, the Spice Girls, Dolly Parton, Ozzy Osbourne, Andrea Bocelli and others have not been included on this list. The more recent the artist, the higher the required percentage of certified units, this is because more music markets instituted certification systems after 1980s and 1990s. So artists such as Rihanna, Chris Brown, Taylor Swift, Flo Rida, Katy Perry, Justin Bieber, Adele, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars, Nicki Minaj and Ed Sheeran are expected to have their claimed figures supported by over 75% in certified units. The certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies. The certified units percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts.

The requirements of certified units are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, which are frequently practiced by record companies for promotional purposes. The claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the sources used, say the term "records" (singles, albums, videos) and not "albums". However, if all available sources for an artist or band say "albums", such sources are only used if the certified album units of the said artist meet the required percentage amount. This list uses claimed figures that are closest to artists' available certified units: inflated claimed figures that meet the required certified units amount but are unrealistically high, are not used.

The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists' certified units. In other words, the available certified units for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones.

The certified units of the newer artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold and Platinum thresholds required for Digital Single Award certification. For this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units. The over certified figures, however, are often in millions of units for RIAA certifications, one such example is Rihanna's single "We Found Love", which is certified at nine times Platinum by the RIAA, yet during the time of the certification, it had sold 5.4 million downloads.

The certified units for some artists/bands who have multi-disc albums can be higher than their listed claimed figures due to Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) counting each unit within set as one unit toward certification.

Issued certifications for songs which have been recorded by multiple artists including featured artists are added to each artist's total amount of certified units, as all the artists would have played a significant part in a song. For example, "This Is What You Came For" and "Where Them Girls At" include Rihanna and Flo Rida, Nicki Minaj as featured artists respectively, so the certifications issued for these songs are added to the total amount of certified units for all involved artists. However, the certifications issued for songs that have been recorded by four or more artists are not included as the artists involved would have played minor roles, examples of such songs are Kanye West's "Monster" and/or "All Day".

Artists by reputed sales

250 million or more records

• The Beatles
• Michael Jackson
• Elvis Presley
• Elton John
• Madonna
• Led Zeppelin
• Pink Floyd Pink Floyd

• To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
• The figures of total certified units within the tables below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
• Markets' order within the tables is based on Retail Value: each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom.

• The column for certified sales includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.

200 million to 249 million records

• Rihanna
• Eminem
• Mariah Carey
• Queen
• Celine Dion
• Whitney Houston
• AC/DC

120 million to 199 million records

• Taylor Swift
• Garth Brooks
• Justin Bieber
• Eagles
• Ed Sheeran
• Bruno Mars
• Kanye West

100 million to 119 million records

• Katy Perry
• Adele
• Lady Gaga
• Jay-Z
• Lil Wayne
• Beyoncé
• B'z

80 million to 99 million records

• Drake Drake
• Maroon 5
• Chris Brown
• Nicki Minaj
• Flo Rida
• Shania Twain
• Pink

75 million to 79 million records

• Journey
• Tim McGraw
• The Black Eyed Peas
• Christina Aguilera
• Usher
• R. Kelly R. Kelly
• Robbie Williams

See also

• List of best-selling albums
• List of best-selling singles
• List of best-selling girl groups
• List of highest-certified music artists in the United States
• List of best selling digital artists in the United States
• IFPI Global Recording Artist of the Year

Notes

1. ^ Certification systems have been established periodically throughout the past half century; thus, certification databases are not able to cover all sales. Some (or all) records released and sold prior to a certification system's establishment year may not be found within the available searchable certification databases. Year of establishment (from largest market to smallest based on Retail Value each market generates respectively):
   • United States: 1958
   • Japan: 1989
   • Germany: 1975
   • United Kingdom: 1973
   • France: 1973
   • Canada: 1975
   • Australia: 1997 (online certification-database has begun since 1997. Certifications; however, existed in Australia since the 1970s)
   • Brazil: 1990
   • Netherlands: 1978
   • Italy: 2009 (online certification-database covers certifications issued since 2009. Certifications; however, have existed in Italy since the 1990s)
   • Spain: 1979
   • Sweden: 1987
   • Denmark: 2001 (online certifications for Denmark start from 2001. Certifications; however, existed in Denmark since the early 1990s)
   • Switzerland: 1989
   • Mexico: 1999
   • Argentina: 1980
   • Belgium: 1995
   • Austria: 1990
   • Poland: 1995
   • Finland: 1971
   • Ireland: 2005
   • New Zealand: July 1978
   Certified sales might sometimes be larger than actual sales, if stores order more albums than they are able to sell, due to certifications generally being determined by shipments and not actual sales. Often, however, actual sales are larger than certified sales, since record labels must pay a fee to obtain certifications. Record companies often apply for certifications only when a record reaches a multiple certification-levels, meaning certifications might not be visible in the databases for more than a short period of time after an album reached a certification level. As global music sales declined in the 2000s mostly due to CD burning and downloading from unauthorized sites, certification bodies opted to reduce their certification levels. See the changes in Certification-award-levels in the following markets:
   • United States (Note, U.S. certification-award-levels for singles before 1989 were: 1,000,000 for Gold and 2,000,000 for Platinum. Also, U.S. certification-awards for Shortform albums before September 1996 were: 250,000 for Gold and 500,000 for Platinum)
   • Japan
   • Germany
   • United Kingdom
   • France
   • Canada (Canadian certification-award-levels for singles before February 1982 were: 75,000 for Gold and 150,000 for Platinum)
   • Brazil
   • Netherlands
   • Italy
   • Spain
   • Sweden
   • Denmark
   • Switzerland
   • Mexico
   • Argentina
   • Belgium
   • Austria:
   • Poland
   • Finland
   • New Zealand: (NZ certification levels before June 2007 were: 5,000 for Gold, 10,000 for Platinum) (The levels for singles were adjusted again on June 17, 2016 from previous 7,500 for Gold, 15,000 for Platinum, to 15,000 for Gold, 30,000 for Platinum)
2. To be on this list, artists who began charting:
   • before 1975 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 20% in certified units.
   • between 1975–1990 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 20–64% in certified units. (That is 2.9% for each additional year after 1975)
   • between 1990–2000 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 64–70% in certified units. (That is 0.6% for each additional year after 1990)
   • between 2000–present are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 70–80% in certified units. (That is 0.66% for each additional year after 2000)
3. Below you can get an understanding as to when certifications for songs are added to the total certified sales of the listed artists.
   • One lead artist and one featured artist. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both, the lead artist and the featured artist as both will have almost equal amount of part).
   • Two lead artists.(The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both lead artists as both will have almost equal amount of part).
   • Two lead artists and one featured artist. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of both lead artists as well as the featured artist. Both lead artists will play a significant part in a song and the part of the featured artist also should be significant enough).
   • One lead artist and two featured artists. (The issued certification(s) should be added to the total of the lead artist and to the total of both featured artists as almost all should have equal amount of part).

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