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The '''Battle of Mangal''' was fought between the Sikh forces led by ] and the ], ] and ]s led by Mahomed Khan, ] and Najeebullah Swati.<ref>{{Cite book |last=ABDUR RAHIM SWATI |url=http://archive.org/details/tahqeequlafghan_201912 |title=تحقیق الافغان مکمل |date=2019-12-25}}</ref>{{Infobox military conflict |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
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| conflict = Battle of Mangal |
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| conflict = Battle of Mangal |
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| place = ], ] (]) |
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| place = ], ] (]) |
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| partof = ] |
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| partof = ] |
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| date = 10 November 1821 |
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| date = 10 November 1821 |
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| result = Sikh Victory |
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| result = Sikh victory |
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| combatant1 = ] ] |
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| combatant1 = ] ] |
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| combatant2 = ] and ] Tribes |
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| combatant2 = ], ] and ]s |
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| commander1 = ] ] |
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| commander1 = ] ] |
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| commander2 = ]<br>Mohammad Khan Tarain |
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| commander2 = {{Nowrap|'']'' ] ]}}<br>Mohammad Khan Tareen<br>] Najeebullah Khankhail Swati |
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| strength1 = 7,000<ref name="sharma"/> |
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| strength1 = |
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| strength2 = 25,000<ref name="Hazara"/> |
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| strength2 = |
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| casualties1 = Unknown |
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| casualties1 = Unknown |
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| casualties2 = 2,000<ref name="Hazara"/> |
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| casualties2 = 2,000<ref name="Gupta"/> |
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}} |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Afghan-Sikh Wars}}{{Military campaigns of Hari Singh Nalwa}} |
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{{Campaignbox Afghan-Sikh Wars}}{{Military campaigns of Hari Singh Nalwa}} |
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The '''Battle of Mangal''' was a battle fought between the Sikh forces led by ] and the ] and ] tribes led by Mahomed Khan and Bostan Khan. |
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==Background and Battle== |
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==Background and Battle== |
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{{unreliable sources|date=June 2023}} |
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{{unreliable sources|date=June 2023}} |
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] deployed ]. He marched by ] and ] with 7,000 foot soldiers under his command.<ref name="Gazetter">{{Cite book|date=1884 |url=https://archive.org/details/gaz-hazara-1883/page/23/mode/2up?q=Mangal|title=Gazetteer of the Hazara District 1883-4 |publisher=Punjab Government|pages=23–25}}</ref> When he reached Mangal, he found around 25,000 troops and their leader, Mohammad Khan Tarain, who opposed the Sikh's passage attacked the Sikhs.<ref name="Sandhu">{{Cite book |last=Sandhu |first=Autar Singh |date=1935 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.236219/page/23/mode/2up?q=Mangal|title=General Hari Singh Nalwa 1791-1837 (1935)|pages=23–24|publisher=Cunningham Historical Society, Lahore }}</ref> Despite being outnumbered, the Sikhs defeated their opponents with a loss of 2,000 men.<ref name="sharma">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4yUBgAAQBAJ&q=abortive+attempt+on+kashmir+nalwa&pg=PA5|title=International Journal of Research (IJR) |
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] deployed ]. He marched by ] and ] with 7,000 foot soldiers under his command. When he reached Mangal, around 25,000 Pashtun and Hazara troops and their leader, Mohammad Khan Tarain, who opposed the Sikh's passage, attacked the Sikhs.<ref name="Sandhu">{{Cite book |last=Sandhu |first=Autar Singh |date=1935 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.236219/page/23/mode/2up?q=Mangal|title=General Hari Singh Nalwa 1791-1837 (1935)|pages=23–24|publisher=Cunningham Historical Society, Lahore }}</ref> Despite being outnumbered, the Sikhs defeated their opponents with a loss of 2,000 men.<ref name="sharma">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4yUBgAAQBAJ&q=abortive+attempt+on+kashmir+nalwa&pg=PA5|title=International Journal of Research |
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|author= Shashikant Nishant Sharma|date=25 March 2014 |
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|author= Shashikant Nishant Sharma|date=25 March 2014 |
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|isbn=9781304977151|pages=6–7}}</ref> |
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|isbn=9781304977151|pages=6–7|publisher=Lulu.com |
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}}</ref><ref name="Gupta">{{cite book |last1=Gupta |first1=Hari Ram |title=History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Lion of Lahore, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839 |date=1978 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=9788121505154 |page=132 |edition=3, illustrated |url=https://books.google.de/books?id=-1huAAAAMAAJ&q=}}</ref> |
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==Aftermath== |
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==Aftermath== |
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The Jaduns to save their town paid down a fine of 5 and a half rupees per house to the Sikhs.<ref name="Hazara">{{Cite book |last=Wace |first=E.G. |date=1876 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bMPTuskHAqUC|title=Report of the Land Revenue Settlement of the Hazara District of the Punjab, 1868-74|pages=21}}</ref><ref name="Gazetter" /> Hari Singh Nalwa then build a fort at ].<ref name="Hazara2">{{Cite book |last=Watson |first=H.D. |date=1907 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.31463/page/n175/mode/2up|title=Gazetteer Of The Hazara District, 1907|pages=127}}</ref> The Maharaja partly pleased with treasures and partly to reward his lieutenant for the victory, made Hari Singh Nalwa the governor of the entirety of Hazara.<ref name="Gazetter" /><ref name="Hazara2" /> |
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The Jaduns to save their town paid down a fine of 5 and a half rupees per house to the Sikhs. Hari Singh Nalwa then built a fort at ]. The Maharaja, partly pleased with the treasures and partly to reward his lieutenant for the victory, made Hari Singh Nalwa the governor of the entirety of Hazara.<ref name="Gupta"/> |
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== See also == |
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== See also == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{India-battle-stub}} |
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{{India-battle-stub}} |
The Jaduns to save their town paid down a fine of 5 and a half rupees per house to the Sikhs. Hari Singh Nalwa then built a fort at Nawanshahr. The Maharaja, partly pleased with the treasures and partly to reward his lieutenant for the victory, made Hari Singh Nalwa the governor of the entirety of Hazara.
Sikh Empire
Najeebullah Khankhail Swati
