Freedom in the World: Difference between revisions

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	{{~~short~~ description\|Annual survey by Freedom House}}		{{Short description\|Annual survey by Freedom House}}
			{{Italic title}}
	{{update\|The table is updated only up to 2022 (and not fully)\|date=April 2024}}
			{{For\|overview of democracy indices \|List of democracy indices}}
	{{italic title}}
			{{Update\|The table is updated only up to 2022 (and not fully)\|date=April 2024}}
	{{for\|overview of democracy indices \|List of democracy indices}}
	{{~~use~~ dmy dates\|date=January 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2014}}
	{{multiple image		{{multiple image
	\| align = right		\| align = right
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	}}		}}

	'''''Freedom in the World''''' is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/report--asia-sees-some-significant-progress-81235887/165280.html ~~\|title=Freedom House Report: Asia Sees Some Significant Progress \|author=William Ide \|date=January 11, 2000 \|publisher=Voice of America \|archive-date=4 December 2013~~ \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204022723/http://www.voanews.com/content/report--asia-sees-some-significant-progress-81235887/165280.html \|~~access~~-date=~~October~~ ~~13,~~ ~~2012~~ \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy }}</ref> ~~] ] that measures the degree of ] and ] in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.~~		'''''Freedom in the World''''' is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based ] ] that measures the degree of ] and ] in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.<ref>{{cite web \|author=William Ide \|date=January 11, 2000 \|title=Freedom House Report: Asia Sees Some Significant Progress \|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/report--asia-sees-some-significant-progress-81235887/165280.html \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204022723/http://www.voanews.com/content/report--asia-sees-some-significant-progress-81235887/165280.html \|archive-date=4 December 2013 \|url-status=dead \|publisher=Voice of America \|access-date=October 13, 2012 \|df=dmy }}</ref>

	==Origin and use==		==Origin and use==
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	==Country rankings==		==Country rankings==
	]" in Freedom House's ''Freedom in the World 2023'' survey, covering the year 2022.<ref> (]), by ]</ref>}}]]		]" in Freedom House's ''Freedom in the World 2023'' survey, covering the year 2022<ref> (]), by ]</ref>}}]]
	The rankings are from the ''Freedom in the World'' 2019,<ref name="FITW-TG-2019">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Feb2019_FH_FITW_2019_Report_ForWeb-compressed.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2019 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=5 February 2019 \| access-date=5 February 2019}}</ref> 2020,<ref name="FITW-TG-2020">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/FIW_2020_REPORT_BOOKLET_Final.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2020 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=4 March 2020 \| access-date=4 March 2020}}</ref> 2021,<ref name="FITW-TG-2021">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/FIW2021_World_02252021_FINAL-web-upload.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2021 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=3 March 2021 \| access-date=3 March 2021}}</ref> and 2022 surveys, each report covering the previous year. The average of each pair of ratings on political rights and civil liberties determines the overall status of "Free" (1.0–2.5), "Partly Free" (3.0–5.0), or "Not Free" (5.5–7.0).<ref name=FITW-Methods-2010> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223053736/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=351&ana_page=363&year=2010 \|date=23 December 2011 }}, ''Freedom in the World 2010'', Freedom house</ref>		The rankings are from the ''Freedom in the World'' 2019,<ref name="FITW-TG-2019">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Feb2019_FH_FITW_2019_Report_ForWeb-compressed.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2019 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=5 February 2019 \| access-date=5 February 2019}}</ref> 2020,<ref name="FITW-TG-2020">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/FIW_2020_REPORT_BOOKLET_Final.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2020 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=4 March 2020 \| access-date=4 March 2020}}</ref> 2021,<ref name="FITW-TG-2021">{{cite web \| url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/FIW2021_World_02252021_FINAL-web-upload.pdf \| title=Freedom in the World 2021 \| publisher=Freedom House \| date=3 March 2021 \| access-date=3 March 2021}}</ref> and 2022 surveys, each report covering the previous year. The average of each pair of ratings on political rights and civil liberties determines the overall status of "Free" (1.0–2.5), "Partly Free" (3.0–5.0), or "Not Free" (5.5–7.0).<ref name=FITW-Methods-2010> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223053736/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=351&ana_page=363&year=2010 \|date=23 December 2011 }}, ''Freedom in the World 2010'', Freedom house</ref>

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	! rowspan=2 style=min-width:10em \| Country (2024)		! rowspan=2 style=min-width:10em \| Country (2024)
	\|- class="static-row-header" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"		\|- class="static-row-header" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;"
			!PR Rating<ref name="Ratings 1973-2024" />
			!CL Rating<ref name="Ratings 1973-2024" />
	! Total		! Total
	! {{abbr\|PR\|Political Rights}}		! {{abbr\|PR\|Political Rights}}
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	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 87		\| 87
	\| 35		\| 35
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			\|1
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	\| 93		\| 93
	\| 38		\| 38
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	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
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	\| 39		\| 39
	\| 15		\| 15
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			\|2
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	\| 27		\| 27
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			\|1
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	\| 92		\| 92
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			\|3
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	\| 61		\| 61
	\| 26		\| 26
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			\|1
	\| 82		\| 82
	\| 25		\| 25
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	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|2
	\| 84		\| 84
	\| 36		\| 36
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
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	\| 69		\| 69
	\| 27		\| 27
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			\|5
			\|5
	\| 37		\| 37
	\| 13		\| 13
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
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			\|4
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	\| 14		\| 14
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 8		\| 8
	\| 0		\| 0
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 77		\| 77
	\| 31		\| 31
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|3
	\| 77		\| 77
	\| 34		\| 34
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|4
	\| 62		\| 62
	\| 28		\| 28
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 97		\| 97
	\| 39		\| 39
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 99		\| 99
	\| 40		\| 40
Line 801:		Line 1,051:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 16		\| 16
	\| 4		\| 4
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|4
	\| 33		\| 33
	\| 6		\| 6
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|5
	\| 44		\| 44
	\| 20		\| 20
Line 819:		Line 1,075:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 3		\| 3
	\| 0		\| 0
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|3
	\| 67		\| 67
	\| 28		\| 28
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 98		\| 98
	\| 39		\| 39
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|5
	\| 24		\| 24
	\| 6		\| 6
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	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|5
	\| 35		\| 35
	\| 14		\| 14
Line 849:		Line 1,115:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 92		\| 92
	\| 37		\| 37
Line 855:		Line 1,123:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 83		\| 83
	\| 35		\| 35
Line 861:		Line 1,131:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|3
	\| 61		\| 61
	\| 22		\| 22
Line 867:		Line 1,139:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|3
	\| 63		\| 63
	\| 26		\| 26
Line 873:		Line 1,147:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|3
	\| 66		\| 66
	\| 27		\| 27
Line 879:		Line 1,155:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|4
	\| 58		\| 58
	\| 25		\| 25
Line 885:		Line 1,163:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 80		\| 80
	\| 33		\| 33
Line 891:		Line 1,171:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 96		\| 96
	\| 39		\| 39
Line 897:		Line 1,179:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|5
	\| 25		\| 25
	\| 7		\| 7
Line 903:		Line 1,187:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 17		\| 17
	\| 2		\| 2
Line 909:		Line 1,195:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 83		\| 83
	\| 35		\| 35
Line 915:		Line 1,203:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 13		\| 13
	\| 4		\| 4
Line 921:		Line 1,211:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|6
	\| 23		\| 23
	\| 8		\| 8
Line 927:		Line 1,219:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 84		\| 84
	\| 32		\| 32
Line 933:		Line 1,227:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 97		\| 97
	\| 39		\| 39
Line 939:		Line 1,235:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 84		\| 84
	\| 35		\| 35
Line 945:		Line 1,243:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 8		\| 8
	\| 1		\| 1
Line 951:		Line 1,251:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|3
	\| 67		\| 67
	\| 28		\| 28
Line 957:		Line 1,259:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|3
	\| 57		\| 57
	\| 18		\| 18
Line 963:		Line 1,267:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 79		\| 79
	\| 34		\| 34
Line 969:		Line 1,275:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|3
	\| 60		\| 60
	\| 24		\| 24
Line 975:		Line 1,283:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|4
	\| 48		\| 48
	\| 19		\| 19
Line 981:		Line 1,291:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 90		\| 90
	\| 37		\| 37
Line 987:		Line 1,299:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 96		\| 96
	\| 39		\| 39
Line 993:		Line 1,307:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|3
			\|2
	\| 75		\| 75
	\| 28		\| 28
Line 999:		Line 1,315:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 8		\| 8
	\| 2		\| 2
Line 1,005:		Line 1,323:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 79		\| 79
	\| 33		\| 33
Line 1,011:		Line 1,331:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 83		\| 83
	\| 33		\| 33
Line 1,017:		Line 1,339:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| -3		\| -3
Line 1,023:		Line 1,347:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 90		\| 90
	\| 57		\| 37
	\| 33		\| 53
	\| Free		\| Free
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|4
	\| 54		\| 54
	\| 22		\| 22
Line 1,035:		Line 1,363:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|1
	\| 89		\| 89
	\| 35		\| 35
Line 1,041:		Line 1,371:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 92		\| 92
	\| 38		\| 38
Line 1,047:		Line 1,379:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 90		\| 90
	\| 36		\| 36
Line 1,053:		Line 1,387:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 6		\| 6
	\| -3		\| -3
Line 1,059:		Line 1,395:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 79		\| 79
	\| 34		\| 34
Line 1,065:		Line 1,403:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 99		\| 99
	\| 40		\| 40
Line 1,071:		Line 1,411:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 96		\| 96
	\| 39		\| 39
Line 1,077:		Line 1,419:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| -3		\| -3
Line 1,083:		Line 1,427:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 5		\| 5
	\| 0		\| 0
Line 1,089:		Line 1,435:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|5
	\| 36		\| 36
	\| 12		\| 12
Line 1,095:		Line 1,443:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|5
	\| 36		\| 36
	\| 12		\| 12
Line 1,101:		Line 1,451:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|4
	\| 42		\| 42
	\| 15		\| 15
Line 1,107:		Line 1,459:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 81		\| 81
	\| 31		\| 31
Line 1,113:		Line 1,467:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 82		\| 82
	\| 33		\| 33
Line 1,119:		Line 1,475:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|3
	\| 51		\| 51
	\| 16		\| 16
Line 1,125:		Line 1,483:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|5
			\|6
	\| 33		\| 33
	\| 17		\| 17
Line 1,131:		Line 1,491:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|7
	\| 2		\| 2
	\| 0		\| 0
Line 1,137:		Line 1,499:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 93		\| 93
	\| 37		\| 37
Line 1,143:		Line 1,507:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|5
	\| 34		\| 34
	\| 10		\| 10
Line 1,149:		Line 1,515:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|4
	\| 49		\| 49
	\| 21		\| 21
Line 1,155:		Line 1,523:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 18		\| 18
	\| 5		\| 5
Line 1,161:		Line 1,531:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 91		\| 91
	\| 38		\| 38
Line 1,167:		Line 1,539:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 83		\| 83
	\| 33		\| 33
Line 1,173:		Line 1,547:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|1
			\|1
	\| 96		\| 96
	\| 40		\| 40
Line 1,179:		Line 1,555:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 12		\| 12
	\| 2		\| 2
Line 1,185:		Line 1,563:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|2
			\|2
	\| 82		\| 82
	\| 32		\| 32
Line 1,191:		Line 1,571:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 15		\| 15
	\| 1		\| 1
Line 1,197:		Line 1,579:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 19		\| 19
	\| 4		\| 4
Line 1,203:		Line 1,587:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|7
			\|6
	\| 10		\| 10
	\| 1		\| 1
Line 1,209:		Line 1,595:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|4
			\|4
	\| 54		\| 54
	\| 23		\| 23
Line 1,215:		Line 1,603:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ]		\| ]
			\|6
			\|5
	\| 27		\| 27
	\| 10		\| 10
Line 2,946:		Line 3,336:
	\| 32		\| 32
	\| Partly free		\| Partly free
			\|-
			\| Indian Kashmir
			\| 26
			\| 6
			\| 20
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| Nagorno-Karabakh
			\| -3
			\| -3
			\| 0
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 76
			\| 27
			\| 49
			\| Free
			\|-
			\| Pakistani Kashmir
			\| 29
			\| 9
			\| 20
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 43
			\| 17
			\| 26
			\| Partly free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 12
			\| 3
			\| 9
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 94
			\| 38
			\| 56
			\| Free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 0
			\| -2
			\| 2
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 17
			\| 5
			\| 12
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 22
			\| 4
			\| 18
			\| Not free
			\|-
			\| ]
			\| 4
			\| -3
			\| 7
			\| Not free
	\|}		\|}

Line 3,462:		Line 3,918:
	* {{flag\|East Germany}} (1972–1990)		* {{flag\|East Germany}} (1972–1990)
	* ''{{flag\|Juan Fernández Islands}}'' (1977–1978)		* ''{{flag\|Juan Fernández Islands}}'' (1977–1978)
	* '']'' (1977–2010)		* ] '']'' (1977–2010)
	* ''{{flagdeco\|State of Palestine}} ]'' (1997–2010)		* ''{{flagdeco\|State of Palestine}} ]'' (1997–2010)
	* ''{{flag\|Transkei}}'' (1988–1994)		* ''{{flag\|Transkei}}'' (1988–1994)
Line 3,468:		Line 3,924:
	* {{flag\|Soviet Union}} (1972–1990)		* {{flag\|Soviet Union}} (1972–1990)
	* {{flag\|North Vietnam}} (1972–1976)		* {{flag\|North Vietnam}} (1972–1976)
			* ] '']'' (1992–1995)

	* '']'' (1992–1995)
	* {{flag\|South Yemen}} (1972–1990)		* {{flag\|South Yemen}} (1972–1990)
	{{Div col end}}		{{Div col end}}

	==Trends==		==Trends==
	According to Freedom House, a quarter of all declines of freedom in the world in 2016 took place in Europe.<ref>{{Cite book\|author=Freedom House\|url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FIW_2017_Report_Final.pdf\|title=Freedom in the World, 2017\|access-date=27 July 2017\|date=2017\|publisher=Freedom House\|page=1\|quote=early one-quarter of the countries registering declines in 2016 were in Europe.\|url-status=bot: unknown\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170727054703/https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FIW_2017_Report_Final.pdf\|archive-date=27 July 2017\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	Percentage of countries in each category, from the 1973 through 2021 reports:		Percentage of countries in each category, from the 1973 through 2021 reports:
Line 3,537:		Line 3,991:
	\|}		\|}
	{{Clear}}		{{Clear}}
	'''Sources''': Country Status and ratings overview 1973–2016,<ref>{{Dead link\|date=February 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Freedom In the World 1973–2016'', Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</ref> Number and percentages of electoral democracies 1989–2016,<ref>{{Dead link\|date=June 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Freedom In the World 1973–2016'', Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</ref> ''Freedom in the World 2018'' report covering 2017.<ref>, Freedom House.</ref>		'''Sources''': Country Status and ratings overview 1973–2016,<ref>{{Dead link\|date=February 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Freedom In the World 1973–2016'', Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</ref><ref name="Ratings 1973-2024">, ''Freedom In the World'', Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, 1973-2024 (Excel Download), Freedom House.</ref> Number and percentages of electoral democracies 1989–2016,<ref>{{Dead link\|date=June 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}, ''Freedom In the World 1973–2016'', Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</ref> ''Freedom in the World 2018'' report covering 2017.<ref>, Freedom House.</ref>

	'''Notes''':		'''Notes''':
Line 3,565:		Line 4,019:

	===Coder bias===		===Coder bias===
	Political scientists Andrew T. Little and Anne Meng argued that the data produced by Freedom House and the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project relies heavily on subjective, as opposed to objective, measures and thus are tainted by coder bias.<ref>Andrew Little and Anne Meng,“Measuring Democratic Backsliding.“ ''PS: Political Science & Politics'' (forthcoming). https://osf.io/n32zk/ </ref>		Political scientists Andrew T. Little and Anne Meng argued that the data produced by Freedom House and the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project relies heavily on subjective, as opposed to objective, measures and thus are tainted by ].<ref>Andrew Little and Anne Meng,“Measuring Democratic Backsliding.“ ''PS: Political Science & Politics'' (forthcoming). https://osf.io/n32zk/ </ref>

	===Use and conceptual analysis===		===Use and conceptual analysis===

Latest revision as of 06:48, 22 January 2025

Annual survey by Freedom House

For overview of democracy indices, see List of democracy indices.

Parts of this article (those related to The table is updated only up to 2022 (and not fully)) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2024)

2022

1972 Free Partly Free Not Free Not Covered

Freedom in the World is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based non-governmental organization Freedom House that measures the degree of civil liberties and political rights in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.

Origin and use

Freedom in the World was launched in 1973 by Raymond Gastil. It produces annual scores representing the levels of political rights and civil liberties in each state and territory, on a scale from 1 (most free) to 7 (least free). Depending on the ratings, the nations are then classified as "Free", "Partly Free", or "Not Free". The report is often used by researchers in order to measure democracy and correlates highly with several other measures of democracy such as the Polity data series.

The Freedom House rankings are widely reported in the media and used as sources by political researchers. Their construction and use has been evaluated by critics and supporters.

Country rankings

The rankings are from the Freedom in the World 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 surveys, each report covering the previous year. The average of each pair of ratings on political rights and civil liberties determines the overall status of "Free" (1.0–2.5), "Partly Free" (3.0–5.0), or "Not Free" (5.5–7.0).

An asterisk (*) indicates countries which are "electoral democracies". To qualify as an "electoral democracy", a state must have satisfied the following criteria:

A competitive, multiparty political system;
Adult suffrage for all citizens without criminal convictions (some states may further punish and subjugate people with criminal convictions by disenfranchising them from the democratic process);
Regularly contested elections conducted in conditions of ballot secrecy, reasonable ballot security, and the absence of massive voter fraud that yields results that are unrepresentative of the public will; and
Significant public access of major political parties to the electorate through the media and through generally open political campaigning.

An electoral democracy must have a score of 7 or more out of 12 in political rights subcategory A (Electoral Progress), an overall aggregate score of 20 in their political rights rating and an overall aggregate score of 30 in their civil liberties rating.

Freedom House's term "electoral democracy" differs from "liberal democracy" in that the latter also implies the presence of a substantial array of civil liberties. In the survey, all Free countries qualify as both electoral and liberal democracies. By contrast, some Partly Free countries qualify as electoral, but not liberal, democracies.

World

* indicates "Civil liberties in country or territory" or "Human rights in country or territory" links.

PR = political rights, CL = civil liberties

2024

Country (2024)
Country (2024)	PR Rating	CL Rating	Total	PR	CL	Free
Afghanistan	7	7	6	1	5	Not free
Albania	3	3	68	28	40	Partly free
Algeria	6	5	32	10	22	Not free
Andorra	1	1	93	38	55	Free
Angola	6	5	28	10	18	Not free
Antigua and Barbuda	2	2	85	33	52	Free
Argentina	2	2	85	36	50	Free
Armenia	4	4	54	23	31	Partly free
Australia	1	1	95	38	57	Free
Austria	1	1	93	37	56	Free
Azerbaijan	7	7	7	0	7	Not free
Bahamas	1	1	91	38	53	Free
Bahrain	7	6	12	2	10	Not free
Bangladesh	5	5	40	15	25	Partly free
Barbados	1	1	94	37	57	Free
Belarus	7	7	8	2	6	Not free
Belgium	1	1	96	39	57	Free
Belize	2	1	87	34	53	Free
Benin	4	3	61	19	42	Partly free
Bhutan	2	4	63	30	33	Partly free
Bolivia	3	3	66	27	39	Partly free
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5	4	51	17	34	Partly free
Botswana	3	2	72	28	44	Free
Brazil	2	3	72	30	42	Free
Brunei	6	5	28	7	21	Not free
Bulgaria	2	2	78	32	46	Free
Burkina Faso	7	5	27	3	24	Not free
Burundi	7	6	14	4	10	Not free
Cape Verde	1	1	92	38	54	Free
Cambodia	7	5	23	4	19	Not free
Cameroon	6	6	15	6	9	Not free
Canada	1	1	97	39	58	Free
Central African Republic	7	7	5	1	4	Not free
Chad	7	6	15	1	14	Not free
Chile	1	1	94	38	56	Free
China	7	6	9	-2	11	Not free
Colombia	2	3	70	31	39	Free
Comoros	5	4	42	16	26	Partly free
Costa Rica	1	1	91	38	53	Free
Croatia	2	2	83	34	49	Free
Cuba	7	6	12	1	11	Not free
Cyprus	1	1	92	38	54	Free
Czech Republic	1	1	94	36	58	Free
Democratic Republic of the Congo	7	6	19	4	15	Not free
Denmark	1	1	97	40	57	Free
Djibouti	7	5	24	5	19	Not free
Dominica	1	1	93	37	56	Free
Dominican Republic	3	3	68	27	41	Partly free
East Timor			72	33	39	Free
Ecuador	3	3	67	29	38	Partly free
Egypt	6	6	18	6	12	Not free
El Salvador	4	4	53	21	32	Partly free
Equatorial Guinea	7	7	5	0	5	Not free
Eritrea	7	7	3	1	2	Not free
Estonia	1	1	95	38	57	Free
Eswatini	7	6	17	1	16	Not free
Ethiopia	6	6	20	10	10	Not free
Fiji	3	3	66	27	39	Partly free
Finland	1	1	100	40	60	Free
France	1	2	89	38	51	Free
Gabon	7	5	20	2	18	Not free
Gambia			50	22	28	Partly free
Georgia	4	3	58	22	36	Partly free
Germany	1	1	93	39	54	Free
Ghana	2	2	80	35	45	Free
Greece	2	2	85	35	50	Free
Grenada	1	2	89	37	52	Free
Guatemala	5	4	46	17	29	Partly free
Guinea	6	5	30	7	23	Not free
Guinea-Bissau	5	4	43	17	26	Partly free
Guyana	2	3	73	30	43	Free
Haiti	6	5	30	11	19	Not free
Honduras	4	4	48	22	26	Partly free
Hungary	3	3	65	24	41	Partly free
Iceland	1	1	94	37	57	Free
India	2	4	66	33	33	Partly free
Indonesia	3	4	57	29	28	Partly free
Iran	7	7	11	4	7	Not free
Iraq	5	6	30	16	14	Not free
Ireland	1	1	97	39	58	Free
Israel	2	3	74	34	40	Free
Italy	1	1	90	36	54	Free
Ivory Coast	4	4	49	19	30	Partly free
Jamaica	2	2	80	33	47	Free
Japan	1	1	96	40	56	Free
Jordan	6	5	33	11	22	Not free
Kazakhstan	7	5	23	5	18	Not free
Kenya	4	4	52	22	30	Partly free
Kiribati	1	1	90	37	53	Free
Kosovo	3	4	60	28	32	Partly free
Kuwait	5	5	38	14	24	Partly free
Kyrgyzstan	7	5	27	4	23	Not free
Laos	7	6	13	2	11	Not free
Latvia	1	2	88	37	51	Free
Lebanon	5	4	42	13	29	Partly free
Lesotho	2	3	66	30	36	Free
Liberia	2	4	64	30	34	Partly free
Libya	7	6	9	1	8	Not free
Liechtenstein	2	1	90	33	57	Free
Lithuania	1	2	89	38	51	Free
Luxembourg	1	1	97	38	59	Free
Madagascar	3	4	58	24	34	Partly free
Malawi	3	3	66	29	37	Partly free
Malaysia	4	4	53	22	31	Partly free
Maldives	4	5	44	21	23	Partly free
Mali	6	5	26	6	20	Not free
Malta	2	2	87	35	52	Free
Marshall Islands	1	1	93	38	55	Free
Mauritania	5	5	39	15	24	Partly free
Mauritius	2	2	85	35	50	Free
Mexico	3	4	60	27	33	Partly free
Micronesia	1	1	92	37	55	Free
Moldova	3	3	61	26	35	Partly free
Monaco	3	1	82	25	57	Free
Mongolia	1	2	84	36	48	Free
Montenegro	3	3	69	27	42	Partly free
Morocco	5	5	37	13	24	Partly free
Mozambique	5	4	44	14	30	Partly free
Myanmar	7	6	8	0	8	Not free
Namibia	2	2	77	31	46	Free
Nauru	2	3	77	34	43	Free
Nepal	3	4	62	28	34	Partly free
Netherlands	1	1	97	39	58	Free
New Zealand	1	1	99	40	59	Free
Nicaragua	7	6	16	4	12	Not free
Niger	6	4	33	6	27	Partly free
Nigeria	4	5	44	20	24	Partly free
North Korea	7	7	3	0	3	Not free
North Macedonia	3	3	67	28	39	Partly free
Norway	1	1	98	39	59	Free
Oman	6	5	24	6	18	Not free
Pakistan	5	5	35	14	21	Partly free
Palau	1	1	92	37	55	Free
Panama	2	2	83	35	48	Free
Papua New Guinea	4	3	61	22	39	Partly free
Paraguay	3	3	63	26	37	Partly free
Peru	3	3	66	27	39	Partly free
Philippines	3	4	58	25	33	Partly free
Poland	2	2	80	33	47	Free
Portugal	1	1	96	39	57	Free
Qatar	6	5	25	7	18	Not free
Republic of the Congo	7	6	17	2	15	Not free
Romania	2	2	83	35	48	Free
Russia	7	6	13	4	9	Not free
Rwanda	6	6	23	8	15	Not free
Samoa	2	2	84	32	52	Free
San Marino	1	1	97	39	58	Free
São Tomé and Príncipe	2	2	84	35	49	Free
Saudi Arabia	7	7	8	1	7	Not free
Senegal	3	3	67	28	39	Partly free
Serbia	4	3	57	18	39	Partly free
Seychelles	2	2	79	34	45	Free
Sierra Leone	3	3	60	24	36	Partly free
Singapore	4	4	48	19	29	Partly free
Slovakia	1	1	90	37	53	Free
Slovenia	1	1	96	39	57	Free
Solomon Islands	3	2	75	28	47	Free
Somalia	7	7	8	2	6	Not free
South Africa	2	2	79	33	46	Free
South Korea	2	2	83	33	50	Free
South Sudan	7	7	1	-3	4	Not free
Spain	1	1	90	37	53	Free
Sri Lanka	4	4	54	22	33	Partly free
Saint Kitts and Nevis	2	1	89	35	54	Free
Saint Lucia	1	1	92	38	54	Free
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1	1	90	36	54	Free
Sudan	7	6	6	-3	9	Not free
Suriname	2	2	79	34	45	Free
Sweden	1	1	99	40	59	Free
Switzerland	1	1	96	39	57	Free
Syria	7	7	1	-3	4	Not free
Tajikistan	7	7	5	0	5	Not free
Tanzania	5	5	36	12	24	Partly free
Thailand	5	5	36	12	24	Partly free
Togo	5	4	42	15	27	Partly free
Tonga	2	2	81	31	50	Free
Trinidad and Tobago	2	2	82	33	49	Free
Tunisia	5	3	51	16	35	Partly free
Turkey	5	6	33	17	16	Not free
Turkmenistan	7	7	2	0	2	Not free
Tuvalu	1	1	93	37	56	Free
Uganda	6	5	34	10	24	Not free
Ukraine	4	4	49	21	28	Partly free
United Arab Emirates	7	6	18	5	13	Not free
United Kingdom	1	1	91	38	53	Free
United States	2	2	83	33	50	Free
Uruguay	1	1	96	40	56	Free
Uzbekistan	7	6	12	2	10	Not free
Vanuatu	2	2	82	32	50	Free
Venezuela	7	6	15	1	14	Not free
Vietnam	7	6	19	4	15	Not free
Yemen	7	6	10	1	9	Not free
Zambia	4	4	54	23	31	Partly free
Zimbabwe	6	5	27	10	17	Not free

Before 2024

Country	Electoral democracy	2019				2020				2021				2022				2023
Country	Electoral democracy	PR	CL	Free	Pts	PR	CL	Free	Pts	PR	CL	Free	Pts	PR	CL	Free	Pts	PR	CL	Free	Pts
Afghanistan *	No	5	6	Not	27	5	6	Not	27	5	6	Not	27	7	7	Not	2
Albania *	Yes	3	3	Partly	68	3	3	Partly	67	3	3	Partly	66	3	3	Partly	67
Algeria *	No	6	5	Not	34	6	5	Not	34	6	5	Not	32	6	5	Not	32
Andorra *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Angola *	No	6	5	Not	31	6	5	Not	32	6	5	Not	31	6	5	Not	30
Antigua and Barbuda *	Yes	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	85	2	2	Free	85	2	2	Free	85
Argentina *	Yes	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	85	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	84
Armenia *	No	4	4	Partly	51	4	4	Partly	53	4	4	Partly	55	4	4	Partly	55
Australia *	Yes	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	95
Austria *	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Azerbaijan *	No	7	6	Not	11	7	6	Not	10	7	6	Not	10	7	6	Not	9
Bahamas	Yes	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91
Bahrain *	No	7	6	Not	12	7	6	Not	11	7	6	Not	12	7	6	Not	12
Bangladesh *	No	5	5	Partly	41	5	5	Partly	39	5	5	Partly	39	5	5	Partly	39
Barbados	Yes	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	95	1	1	Free	95	1	1	Free	95
Belarus *	No	7	6	Not	19	7	6	Not	19	7	6	Not	11	7	7	Not	8
Belgium *	Yes	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96
Belize *	Yes	1	2	Free	86	2	2	Free	86	2	1	Free	87	2	1	Free	87
Benin *	No	2	2	Free	79	4	2	Partly	66	4	2	Partly	65	5	3	Partly	59
Bhutan *	Yes	3	4	Partly	59	3	4	Partly	59	2	4	Partly	61	3	4	Partly	61
Bolivia *	Yes	3	3	Partly	67	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	66	3	3	Partly	66
Bosnia and Herzegovina *	No	4	4	Partly	53	4	4	Partly	53	4	4	Partly	53	4	4	Partly	53
Botswana *	Yes	3	2	Free	72	3	2	Free	72	3	2	Free	72	3	2	Free	72
Brazil *	Yes	2	2	Free	75	2	2	Free	75	2	3	Free	74	2	3	Free	73
Brunei *	No	6	5	Not	29	6	5	Not	28	6	5	Not	28	6	5	Not	28
Bulgaria *	Yes	2	2	Free	80	2	2	Free	80	2	2	Free	78	2	2	Free	79
Burkina Faso *	Yes	4	3	Partly	60	4	4	Partly	56	4	4	Partly	54	4	4	Partly	53
Burundi *	No	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	13	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	14
Cambodia *	No	6	5	Not	26	7	5	Not	25	7	5	Not	24	7	5	Not	24
Cameroon *	No	6	6	Not	19	6	6	Not	18	6	6	Not	16	6	6	Not	15
Canada *	Yes	1	1	Free	99	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	98
Cape Verde *	Yes	1	1	Free	90	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92
Central African Republic *	No	7	7	Not	9	7	7	Not	10	7	7	Not	9	7	7	Not	7
Chad *	No	7	6	Not	17	7	6	Not	17	7	6	Not	17	7	6	Not	15
Chile *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	2	Free	90	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	94
China *	No	7	6	Not	11	7	6	Not	10	7	6	Not	9	7	6	Not	9
Colombia *	Yes	3	3	Partly	66	3	3	Partly	66	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	64
Comoros *	No	4	4	Partly	50	4	4	Partly	44	5	4	Partly	42	5	4	Partly	42
DR Congo *	No	7	6	Not	15	7	6	Not	18	7	6	Not	20
Congo *	No	7	5	Not	21	7	5	Not	20	7	5	Not	20
Costa Rica *	Yes	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91
Croatia *	Yes	1	2	Free	85	1	2	Free	85	1	2	Free	85
Cuba *	No	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	13
Cyprus *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94
Czech Republic *	Yes	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91
Denmark *	Yes	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	97
Djibouti *	No	6	5	Not	26	7	5	Not	24	7	5	Not	24
Dominica	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Dominican Republic *	Yes	3	3	Partly	67	3	3	Partly	67	3	3	Partly	67
East Timor *	Yes	2	3	Free	70	2	3	Free	71	2	3	Free	72
Ecuador *	Yes	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	67
Egypt *	No	6	6	Not	22	6	6	Not	21	6	6	Not	18
El Salvador *	Yes	2	3	Free	67	2	4	Partly	66	2	4	Partly	63
Equatorial Guinea *	No	7	7	Not	6	7	7	Not	6	7	7	Not	5
Eritrea *	No	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2
Estonia *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94
Ethiopia *	No	6	6	Not	19	6	6	Not	24	6	6	Not	22
Eswatini *	No	7	6	Not	16	7	5	Not	19	7	5	Not	19
Fiji *	Yes	3	3	Partly	61	3	3	Partly	60	3	3	Partly	60
Finland *	Yes	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100
France *	Yes	1	2	Free	90	1	2	Free	90	1	2	Free	90
Gabon *	No	7	5	Not	23	7	5	Not	22	7	5	Not	22
Gambia	No	4	5	Partly	45	4	4	Partly	46	4	4	Partly	46
Georgia *	Yes	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	61	4	3	Partly	60
Germany *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94
Ghana *	Yes	1	2	Free	83	2	2	Free	82	2	2	Free	82
Greece *	Yes	1	2	Free	87	1	2	Free	88	1	2	Free	87
Grenada *	Yes	1	2	Free	89	1	2	Free	89	1	2	Free	89
Guatemala *	No	4	4	Partly	53	4	4	Partly	52	4	4	Partly	52
Guinea *	No	5	4	Partly	43	5	5	Partly	40	5	5	Partly	38
Guinea-Bissau *	No	5	4	Partly	42	5	4	Partly	46	5	4	Partly	44
Guyana *	Yes	2	3	Free	75	2	3	Free	74	2	3	Free	73
Haiti *	No	5	5	Partly	41	5	5	Partly	38	5	5	Partly	37
Honduras *	No	4	4	Partly	46	4	4	Partly	45	4	5	Partly	44
Hungary *	Yes	3	3	Partly	70	3	3	Partly	70	3	3	Partly	69
Iceland *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94
India *	Yes	2	3	Free	75	2	3	Free	71	2	4	Partly	67
Indonesia *	No	2	4	Partly	62	2	4	Partly	61	2	4	Partly	59
Iran *	No	6	6	Not	18	6	6	Not	17	6	6	Not	16
Iraq *	No	5	6	Not	32	5	6	Not	31	5	6	Not	29
Ireland *	Yes	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	97
Israel *	Yes	2	3	Free	78	2	3	Free	76	2	3	Free	76
Italy *	Yes	1	1	Free	89	1	1	Free	89	1	1	Free	90
Ivory Coast *	No	4	4	Partly	51	4	4	Partly	51	5	4	Partly	44
Jamaica *	Yes	2	2	Free	78	2	2	Free	78	2	2	Free	80
Japan *	Yes	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96
Jordan *	No	5	5	Partly	37	5	5	Partly	37	6	5	Not	34
Kazakhstan *	No	7	5	Not		7	5	Not	23	7	5	Not	23
Kenya *	No	4	4	Partly	48	4	4	Partly	48	4	4	Partly	48
Kiribati *	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Kosovo *	Yes	3	4	Partly	54	3	4	Partly	56	4	4	Partly	54
Kuwait *	No	5	5	Partly	36	5	5	Partly	36	5	5	Partly	37
Kyrgyzstan *	No	5	4	Partly	38	5	4	Partly	39	7	5	Not	28
Laos *	No	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	14	7	6	Not	13
Latvia *	Yes	2	2	Free	87	1	2	Free	89	1	2	Free	89
Lebanon *	No	5	4	Partly	45	5	4	Partly	44	5	4	Partly	43
Lesotho *	Yes	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	63
Liberia *	Yes	3	3	Partly	62	3	4	Partly	60	3	4	Partly	60
Libya *	No	7	6	Not	9	7	6	Not	9	7	6	Not	9
Liechtenstein *	Yes	2	1	Free	90	2	1	Free	90	2	1	Free	90
Lithuania *	Yes	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	2	Free	90
Luxembourg	Yes	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	97
Madagascar *	Yes	3	4	Partly	56	3	3	Partly	61	3	4	Partly	60
Malawi *	Yes	3	3	Partly	64	3	3	Partly	62	3	3	Partly	66
Malaysia *	No	4	4	Partly	52	4	4	Partly	52	4	4	Partly	51
Maldives *	No	5	5	Partly	35	4	5	Partly	40	4	5	Partly	40
Mali *	No	4	4	Partly	44	5	5	Partly	41	6	5	Not	33
Malta *	Yes	2	1	Free	91	2	1	Free	90	2	1	Free	90
Marshall Islands *	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Mauritania *	No	6	5	Not	32	5	5	Partly	34	5	5	Partly	35
Mauritius *	Yes	1	2	Free	89	1	2	Free	89	1	2	Free	87
Mexico *	Yes	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	62	3	4	Partly	61
Micronesia *	Yes	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92
Moldova *	Yes	3	4	Partly	58	3	4	Partly	60	3	3	Partly	61
Monaco *	Yes	3	1	Free	82	3	1	Free	83	3	1	Free	83
Mongolia *	Yes	1	2	Free	85	1	2	Free	84	1	2	Free	84
Montenegro	Yes	4	3	Partly	65	4	3	Partly	62	3	3	Partly	63
Morocco *	No	5	5	Partly	39	5	5	Partly	37	5	5	Partly	37
Mozambique *	No	4	4	Partly	51	5	4	Partly	45	5	4	Partly	43
Myanmar *	No	5	5	Partly	30	5	6	Not	30	5	6	Not	28
Namibia *	Yes	3	2	Free	75	2	2	Free	77	2	2	Free	77
Nauru *	Yes	2	2	Free	78	2	3	Free	77	2	3	Free	77
Nepal *	Yes	3	4	Partly	54	3	4	Partly	56	3	4	Partly	56
Netherlands *	Yes	1	1	Free	99	1	1	Free	99	1	1	Free	98
New Zealand *	Yes	1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	97	1	1	Free	99
Nicaragua *	No	6	5	Not	32	6	5	Not	31	6	5	Not	30
Niger *	No	4	4	Partly	49	4	4	Partly	48	4	4	Partly	48
Nigeria *	No	3	5	Partly	50	4	5	Partly	47	4	5	Partly	45
North Korea *	No	7	7	Not	3	7	7	Not	3	7	7	Not	3
North Macedonia *	Yes	4	3	Partly	59	3	3	Partly	63	3	3	Partly	66
Norway *	Yes	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100
Oman *	No	6	5	Not	23	6	5	Not	23	6	5	Not	23
Pakistan *	No	5	5	Partly	39	5	5	Partly	38	5	5	Partly	37
Palau *	Yes	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92
Panama *	Yes	1	2	Free	84	1	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	83
Papua New Guinea *	Yes	4	3	Partly	64	4	3	Partly	62	4	3	Partly	62
Paraguay *	Yes	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	65
Peru *	Yes	2	3	Free	73	2	3	Free	72	3	3	Partly	71
Philippines *	Yes	3	3	Partly	61	3	4	Partly	59	3	4	Partly	56
Poland *	Yes	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	82
Portugal *	Yes	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96
Qatar *	No	6	5	Not	25	6	5	Not	25	6	5	Not	25
Romania *	Yes	2	2	Free	81	2	2	Free	83	2	2	Free	83
Russia *	No	7	6	Not	20	7	6	Not	20	7	6	Not	20
Rwanda *	No	6	6	Not	23	6	6	Not	22	6	6	Not	21
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Yes	1	1	Free	89	1	1	Free	89	2	1	Free	89
Saint Lucia	Yes	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	91
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *	Yes	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91	1	1	Free	91
Samoa *	Yes	2	2	Free	81	2	2	Free	81	2	2	Free	81
San Marino	Yes	1	1	Free	95	1	1	Free	95	1	1	Free	93
São Tomé and Príncipe *	Yes	2	2	Free	83	2	2	Free	84	2	2	Free	84
Saudi Arabia *	No	7	7	Not	7	7	7	Not	7	7	7	Not	7
Senegal *	Yes	2	3	Free	72	3	3	Partly	71	3	3	Partly	71
Serbia *	Yes	3	3	Partly	67	4	3	Partly	66	4	3	Partly	64
Seychelles	Yes	3	3	Partly	71	3	3	Partly	72	2	3	Free	77
Sierra Leone *	Yes	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	65	3	3	Partly	65
Singapore *	No	4	4	Partly	51	4	4	Partly	50	4	4	Partly	48
Slovakia *	Yes	1	2	Free	88	1	2	Free	88	1	1	Free	90
Slovenia	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	95
Solomon Islands *	Yes	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79
Somalia *	No	7	7	Not	7	7	7	Not	7	7	7	Not	7
South Africa *	Yes	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79
South Korea *	Yes	2	2	Free	83	2	2	Free	83	2	2	Free	83
South Sudan *	No	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2
Spain *	Yes	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	92	1	1	Free	90
Sri Lanka *	Yes	3	4	Partly	56	4	4	Partly	56	4	4	Partly	56
Sudan *	No	7	7	Not	7	7	6	Not	12	7	6	Not	17
Suriname *	Yes	2	3	Free	77	2	3	Free	75	2	2	Free	79
Sweden *	Yes	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100	1	1	Free	100
Switzerland *	Yes	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96	1	1	Free	96
Syria *	No	7	7	Not	0	7	7	Not	0	7	7	Not	1	7	7	Not	1	7	7	Not	1
Tajikistan *	No	7	6	Not	9	7	6	Not	9	7	6	Not	8	7	6	Not	8	7	6	Not	7
Tanzania *	No	4	5	Partly	45	5	5	Partly	40	5	5	Partly	34	5	5	Partly	34	5	5	Partly	36
Thailand *	No	7	5	Not	30	6	4	Partly	32	7	5	Not	30	7	5	Not	29	6	5	Not	30
Togo *	No	5	4	Partly	43	5	4	Partly	44	5	4	Partly	43	5	4	Partly	42	5	4	Partly	42
Tonga *	Yes	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	79	2	2	Free	81
Trinidad and Tobago *	Yes	2	2	Free	82	2	2	Free	82	2	2	Free	82
Tunisia *	Yes	2	3	Free	69	2	3	Free	70	2	3	Free	71
Turkey *	No	5	6	Not	31	5	6	Not	32	5	6	Not	32
Turkmenistan *	No	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2	7	7	Not	2
Tuvalu *	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	93
Uganda *	No	6	5	Not	36	6	5	Not	34	6	5	Not	34
Ukraine *	No	3	4	Partly	60	3	3	Partly	62	3	4	Partly	60
United Arab Emirates *	No	7	6	Not	17	7	6	Not	17	7	6	Not	17
United Kingdom *	Yes	1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	94	1	1	Free	93
United States *	Yes	2	1	Free	86	2	1	Free	86	2	2	Free	83
Uruguay *	Yes	1	1	Free		1	1	Free	98	1	1	Free	98
Uzbekistan *	No	7	6	Not		7	6	Not	10	7	6	Not	11
Vanuatu *	Yes	2	2	Free	82	2	2	Free	82	2	2	Free	82
Venezuela *	No	7	6	Not	19	7	6	Not	16	7	6	Not	14
Vietnam *	No	7	5	Not	20	7	5	Not	20	7	6	Not	19
Yemen *	No	7	6	Not	11	7	6	Not	11	7	6	Not	11
Zambia *	No	4	4	Partly	54	4	4	Partly	54	4	4	Partly	52
Zimbabwe *	No	5	5	Partly	31	5	5	Partly	29	6	5	Not	28

Territories and countries with limited recognition

Territory (2024)
Territory (2024)	Total	PR	CL	Free
Abkhazia	39	17	22	Partly free
Crimea	2	-2	4	Not free
Eastern Donbas	2	-1	3	Not free
Gaza Strip	8	3	5	Not free
Hong Kong	41	9	32	Partly free
Indian Kashmir	26	6	20	Not free
Nagorno-Karabakh	-3	-3	0	Not free
Northern Cyprus	76	27	49	Free
Pakistani Kashmir	29	9	20	Not free
Somaliland	43	17	26	Partly free
South Ossetia	12	3	9	Not free
Taiwan	94	38	56	Free
Tibet	0	-2	2	Not free
Transnistria	17	5	12	Not free
West Bank	22	4	18	Not free
Western Sahara	4	-3	7	Not free

Country	2014			2015			2016			2017			2018			2020				2021
Country	PR	CL	Free	PR	CL	Free	PR	CL	Free	PR	CL	Free	PR	CL	Free	PR	CL	Free	Pts	PR	CL	Free	Pts
Abkhazia *	4	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	17	23	Partly	40	17	23	Partly	40
Crimea (disputed)	4	3	Partly	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	-2	10	Not	8	-2	9	Not	7
Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR (disputed)																-1	6	Not	5	-1	5	Not	4
Gaza Strip (Palestine)	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	3	8	Not	11	3	8	Not	11
Hong Kong * (China)	5	2	Partly	5	2	Partly	5	2	Partly	5	2	Partly	5	2	Partly	16	39	Partly	55	15	37	Partly	52
Indian Kashmir (India)	4	4	Partly	4	4	Partly	4	4	Partly	4	4	Partly	4	4	Partly	8	20	Not	28	7	20	Not	27
Azad Kashmir (Pakistan)	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	9	19	Not	28	9	19	Not	28
Northern Cyprus *	2	2	Free	2	2	Free	2	2	Free	2	2	Free	2	2	Free	31	50	Free	81	28	50	Free	78
Puerto Rico (United States)*	1	2	Free	1	2	Free	1	1	Free
Somaliland *	4	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	5	5	Partly	5	5	Partly	4	5	Partly	17	24	Partly	41	18	24	Partly	42
South Ossetia *	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	7	6	Not	2	8	Not	10	2	8	Not	10
Taiwan *																1	1	Free	93	1	1	Free	94
Tibet (China)	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	-2	3	Not	1	-2	3	Not	1
Transnistria *	6	6	Not	6	6	Not	6	6	Not	6	6	Not	6	6	Not	9	13	Not	22	8	12	Not	20
West Bank (Palestine)	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	6	5	Not	7	5	Not	7	5	Not	4	21	Not	25	4	21	Not	25
Western Sahara *	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	7	7	Not	-3	7	Not	4	-3	7	Not	4

Former entries

Former entries from Freedom in the World. Most are territories added in the 1978 report for 1977 and received their last coverage in the 2000 report of the same year. Other territories with differing dates are noted below. Their placements are based on their final rankings before ceasing coverage.

Free

Åland (1992–2000)
American Samoa
Anguilla
Aruba (1988–2000)
Azores
Bermuda
British Virgin Islands
Canary Islands
Cayman Islands
Ceuta
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Cook Islands
Czechoslovakia (1972–1993)
Easter Island
Falkland Islands
Faroe Islands
French Guiana
French Polynesia
West Germany (1972–1990)
Gibraltar
Greenland
Guadeloupe
Guam
Guernsey
Isle of Man
Jersey
Madeira
Martinique
Mayotte
Melilla
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles
New Caledonia
Niue
Norfolk Island
Northern Ireland (1991–2004)
Northern Mariana Islands
Pitcairn Islands
Puerto Rico (1977–2016)
Réunion
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006)
Svalbard (1992–2000)
Tokelau
Turks and Caicos Islands
United States Virgin Islands
Wallis and Futuna

Partly Free

Republic of Artsakh (1991–2023)
Kurdistan Region (1992–2004)
Macau (1977–2004)
Panama Canal Zone (1977–1979)
Vatican City (1984–1988)
West Papua (1990–2003)
South Vietnam (1972–1976)
North Yemen (1972–1990)
Yugoslavia (1972–1992)

Not Free

Bophuthatswana (1977–1994)
Chechnya (1998–2009)
Ciskei (1981–1994)
East Germany (1972–1990)
Juan Fernández Islands (1977–1978)
Occupied Territories (1977–2010)
Palestinian Territories (1997–2010)
Transkei (1988–1994)
Venda (1979–1994)
Soviet Union (1972–1990)
North Vietnam (1972–1976)
Vojvodina (1992–1995)
South Yemen (1972–1990)

Trends

Percentage of countries in each category, from the 1973 through 2021 reports:

1973–2021

  Not Free
  Partly Free
  Free

Electoral Democracies

Year	Free	Partly Free	Not Free	Electoral Democracies
1975	41 (27%)	48 (32%)	63 (41%)	—
1980	51 (32%)	54 (33%)	56 (35%)	—
1985	53 (32%)	59 (35%)	55 (33%)	—
1990	61 (37%)	44 (26%)	62 (37%)	69 (41%)
1995	76 (40%)	61 (32%)	54 (28%)	113 (59%)
2000	85 (44%)	60 (31%)	47 (25%)	120 (63%)
2005	89 (46%)	54 (28%)	49 (26%)	119 (62%)
2010	89 (46%)	58 (30%)	47 (24%)	116 (60%)
2011	87 (45%)	60 (31%)	47 (24%)	115 (59%)
2012	87 (45%)	60 (31%)	48 (25%)	117 (60%)
2013	90 (46%)	58 (30%)	47 (24%)	117 (60%)
2014	88 (45%)	59 (30%)	48 (25%)	122 (63%)
2015	89 (46%)	55 (28%)	51 (26%)	125 (64%)
2016	86 (44%)	59 (30%)	50 (26%)	125 (64%)
2017	87 (45%)	59 (30%)	49 (25%)	123 (63%)
2018	88 (45%)	58 (30%)	49 (25%)	116 (59%)
2019	86 (44%)	59 (30%)	50 (26%)	115 (59%)
2020	83 (43%)	63 (32%)	49 (25%)	115 (59%)
2021	82 (42%)	59 (30%)	54 (28%)	114 (58%)
2022	83 (43%)	56 (29%)	56 (29%)	115 (59%)
2023	84 (43%)	54 (28%)	57 (29%)	110 (56%)

Sources: Country Status and ratings overview 1973–2016, Number and percentages of electoral democracies 1989–2016, Freedom in the World 2018 report covering 2017.

Notes:

The years shown in the map and table above are the year the survey was released, the data shown covers the prior calendar year.
The chart and table above do not include data for related/disputed territories.

Evaluation

Ideological bias or neutrality

In his 1986 study, Bollen discussed reviews of measurements of human rights, including the index reported in Freedom in the World (Bollen, 1986, p. 585). Criticisms of Freedom in the World during the 1980s were discussed by Gastil (1990), who stated that "generally such criticism is based on opinions about Freedom House rather than detailed examination of survey ratings", a conclusion disputed by Giannone. The definition of Freedom in Gastil (1982) and Freedom House (1990) emphasized liberties rather than the exercise of freedom, according to Adam Przeworski, who gave the following example: In the United States, citizens are free to form political parties and to vote, yet even in presidential elections only half of U.S. "citizens" vote; in the U.S., "the same two parties speak in a commercially sponsored unison", wrote Przeworski (2003, p. 277).

More recent charges of ideological bias prompted Freedom House to issue this 2010 statement:

Freedom House does not maintain a culture-bound view of freedom. The methodology of the survey is grounded in basic standards of political rights and civil liberties, derived in large measure from relevant portions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These standards apply to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Mainwaring et alia (2001, p. 52) wrote that Freedom House's index had "two systematic biases: scores for leftist were tainted by political considerations, and changes in scores are sometimes driven by changes in their criteria rather than changes in real conditions." Nonetheless, when evaluated in Latin American countries yearly, Freedom House's index was very strongly and positively correlated with the index of Adam Przeworski and with the index of the authors themselves: They evaluated Pearson's coefficient of linear correlation between their index and Freedom House's index, which was 0.82; among these indices and the two others studied, the correlations were all between 0.80 and 0.86 (Mainwaring et alia, 2001, p. 53).

As previously quoted, Bollen criticized previous studies of Freedom in the World as anecdotal and inconclusive; they raised issues needing further study by scientific methods rather than anecdotes. Bollen studied the question of ideological bias using multivariate statistics. Using their factor-analytic model for human-rights measurements, Bollen and Paxton estimate that Gastil's method produces a bias of -0.38 standard deviations (s.d.) against Marxist–Leninist countries and a larger bias, +0.5 s.d., favoring Christian countries; similar results held for the methodology of Sussman (Bollen and Paxton, 2000, p. 585). In contrast, another method by a critic of Freedom in the World produced a bias for Leftist countries during the 1980s of at least +0.8 s.d., a bias that is "consistent with the general finding that political scientists are more favorable to leftist politics than is the general population" (Bollen and Paxton, p. 585).

Coder bias

Political scientists Andrew T. Little and Anne Meng argued that the data produced by Freedom House and the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project relies heavily on subjective, as opposed to objective, measures and thus are tainted by coder bias.

Use and conceptual analysis

Criticisms of the reception and uses of the Freedom in the World report have been noted by Diego Giannone:

"Conceptual stretching", Giovanni Sartori's critical term for a methodological shortcoming common in social studies. Giannone reports as an example that, according to Landman and Hausermann (2003), "the index by FH has been used as a tool for measuring democracy, good governance, and human rights, thus producing a conceptual stretching which is a major cause of 'losses in connotative precision': in short, an instrument used to measure everything, in the end, is not able to discriminate against anything."
Issues with aggregation. Giannone quotes Scoble and Wiseberg's conclusion (1981) that "the sum of a civil liberty score of 4 and a political liberty score of 2 is the same as the sum of a civil liberty score of 2 and a political liberty score of 4 even though the substantive interpretation of these different combinations is different."
"Lack of specificity and rigorousness in construction" and "inadequate level of transparency and replicability of the scales", the first referencing to Scoble et alie (1981) and the latter to Hadenius and Teorell (2005). In support of the latter, he also quotes the conclusion of Munck and Verkuilen (2002) that "the aggregate data offered by Freedom House has to be accepted largely on faith", due to the factors that "no set of coding rules is provided, and the sources of information are not identified with enough precision, and because disaggregated data have not been made available to independent scholars".

Time series

Notes

Gorokhovskaia, Yana; Shahbaz, Adrian; Slipowitz, Amy (9 March 2023). "Marking 50 Years in the Struggle for Democracy". Freedom House. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
William Ide (11 January 2000). "Freedom House Report: Asia Sees Some Significant Progress". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 4 December 2013. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
^ Bollen, K.A., "Political Rights and Political Liberties in Nations: An Evaluation of Human Rights Measures, 1950 to 1984", Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 8, no. 4 (November 1986), pp.567–591. Also in: Jabine, T.B. and Pierre Claude, R. (Eds.), Human Rights and Statistics, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992, pp. 188–215, ISBN 0-8122-3108-2.
“Correlation Versus Interchangeability: the Limited Robustness of Empirical Finding on Democracy Using Highly Correlated Data Sets" Archived 20 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Gretchen Casper and Claudiu Tufis, Political Analysis, 11:2 (2003), pp. 196–203, Society for Political Methodology
^ Przeworski, Adam (2003). "Freedom to choose and democracy". Economics and Philosophy. 19 (2): 265–279. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.570.736. doi:10.1017/S0266267103001159. S2CID 38812895.
List of Electoral Democracies FIW23 (.XLSX), by Freedom House
"Freedom in the World 2019" (PDF). Freedom House. 5 February 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2019.
"Freedom in the World 2020" (PDF). Freedom House. 4 March 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
"Freedom in the World 2021" (PDF). Freedom House. 3 March 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
^ "Freedom in the World 2010: Methodology" Archived 23 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Freedom in the World 2010, Freedom house
"Methodology: Freedom in the World 2018". freedomhouse.org. 13 January 2018. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
^ Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, 1973-2024 (Excel Download), Freedom In the World, Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, 1973-2024 (Excel Download), Freedom House.
"Countries and Territories". Freedom House. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
Puerto Rico *. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2016/puerto-rico Archived 18 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine
Status %26 Ratings Overview, 1973-2016.pdf "Country Status and ratings overview", Freedom In the World 1973–2016, Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
Democracy Numbers, FIW 1989-2016.pdf "Number and percentages of electoral democracies", Freedom In the World 1973–2016, Freedom House. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
Freedom In the World 2018, Freedom House.
Bollen has held chairs as a Distinguished Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Howard W. Odum Institute for Research in Social Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH). Also serving as an Adjunct Professor of Statistics at UNC-CH, Bollen wrote the leading graduate textbook in structural equation models (SEM), often called LISREL models; SEM modeling allows the summary of a large number of measurements using a small number of meaningful factors. SEM was used by Bollen in the studies reported hereafter.
^ Mainwaring, S.; Brinks, D.; Pérez-Liñán, A.B. (2001). "Classifying Political Regimes in Latin". Studies in Comparative International Development. 36 (1): 37–65. doi:10.1007/BF02687584. S2CID 155047996.
Gastil, R.D. (1990). "The Comparative Survey of Freedom: Experiences and Suggestions". Studies in Comparative International Development. 25 (1): 25–50. doi:10.1007/BF02716904. S2CID 144099626.
^ Bollen, Kenneth A. and Paxton, Pamela, "Subjective Measures of Liberal Democracy", Comparative Political Studies, vol. 33, no. 1 (February 2000), pp. 58–86
Andrew Little and Anne Meng,“Measuring Democratic Backsliding.“ PS: Political Science & Politics (forthcoming). https://osf.io/n32zk/
Giannone, Diego, "Political and ideological aspects in the measurement of democracy: the Freedom House case", Democratization, vol. 17, no. 1 (February 2010), pp. 68–97.
"Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics." The American Political Science Review 64 (4): 1033–1053.
Giannone (2010), p. 69. Quoting Landman, Tod, and Julia Hausermann, indicators/GovIndicatorsEssex2003.pdf Map-Making and Analysis of the Main International Initiatives on Developing Indicators on Democracy and Good Governance , Final Report, University of Essex – Human Rights Centre, July 2003, 98 pp.
Scoble, Harry and Laurie Wiseberg, Ved Nanda, Ved, James Scarritt, and George Shepherd (eds) (1981), "Problems of Comparative Research in Human Rights", Global Human Rights: Public Policies, Comparative Measures and NGO Strategies, pp. 147–171, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, ISBN 978-0-89158-858-0. Cited in Giannone (2010), p. 69.
^ Giannone (2010), p. 69, citing Scoble, et al. (1981) and Axel Hadenius and Jan Teorell. "Assessing Alternative Indices of Democracy", Political Concepts, Committee on Concepts and Methods, Working Paper Series, August 2005, 47 pp.
Munck, Gerardo L. and Verkuilen, Jay, CPS 2002.pdf "Conceptualising and Measuring Democracy: Evaluating Alternative Indices" , Comparative Political Studies, vol. 35, no. 1 (February 2002), pp. 5–34. Cited in Giannone (2010), p. 69.
Giannone (2010), p. 68.

References

Bollen, Kenneth A. (1991), Inkeles, Alex (ed.), "On measuring democracy: Its consequences and concomitants (Chapter 1, Political democracy: Conceptual and measurement traps)", Proceedings of the Conference on Measuring Democracy, 27–28 May 1988, Hoover Institution, Stanford University (second printing, 1993 ed.), New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transactions Publishers, pp. 3–20, ISBN 978-0-88738-881-1
Bollen, Kenneth; Paxton, Pamela; Morishima, Rumi (June 2005). "Assessing international evaluations: An example from USAID's Democracy and Governance Programs" (PDF). American Journal of Evaluation. 26 (2): 189–203. doi:10.1177/1098214005275640. S2CID 146522432. Evaluation performed on behalf of the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), at the request of and with funding from the Strategic and Operational Research Agenda (SORA) of USAID (Office of Democracy and Governance in the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance), according to the National Research Council (2008, p. 28).
Gastil, Raymond Duncan (1991), Inkeles, Alex (ed.), "On measuring democracy: Its consequences and concomitants (Chapter 2, The comparative survey of freedom: Experiences and suggestions)", Proceedings of the Conference on Measuring Democracy, 27–28 May 1988, Hoover Institution, Stanford University (second printing, 1993 ed.), New Brunswick, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Transactions Publishers, pp. 21–46, ISBN 978-0-88738-881-1
Inkeles, Alex, ed. (1991), "On measuring democracy: Its consequences and concomitants (Part I: Measuring democratic political systems)", Proceedings of the Conference on Measuring Democracy, 27–28 May 1988, Hoover Institution, Stanford University (second printing, 1993 ed.), New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transactions Publishers, pp. 1–121, ISBN 978-0-88738-881-1
National Research Council, Committee on Evaluation of USAID Democracy Assistance Programs (2008). Goldstone, Jack A (ed.). Improving democracy assistance: Building knowledge through evaluations and research. National Academies Press. pp. xvi+336. ISBN 978-0-309-11736-4. Individuals can download the complete report (pdf format) for private use.

v t e Lists of countries by political rankings
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History	Flag adoption date Formation date Largest empires Timeline of geopolitical changes before 1500 1500–1899 1900–1999 2000–present
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