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{{Short description|15th Sultan of Sindh}}
{{db-g12|url=http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D81101010%26ct%3D11}}
{{Infobox royalty
{{wikify}}{{context}}<!-- where????? -->{{orphan}}{{unreferenced}}
| name = Jam Nizamuddin II <br/><small>{{lang|sd|ڄام نظام الدين ثاني}}</small>
'''The Great Jam Nizamuddin II'''. On the 25th of Rabí-ul-awwal ] was Jám Nizámuddín (alias ]) bin ].
| title =
elected to the throne by the joint counsels of all the wise and pious men of the place as well as of the military people. He was known by the nick-name of Jám Nindó.*
| image = Tomb of Sultan Jam Nizamuddin.jpg
| caption = Jam Nizamuddin II's tomb at ]
| succession = 15th ]
| reign = 1461–1508
| full name = Jam Nizamuddin (Nindo) bin Sadruddin
| predecessor = ]
| successor = ]
| dynasty = ]
| father = Jam Sadrudin bin Jam Unar (Banbhina)
| birth_date = 8 August 1440 <!-- {{birth date|yyyy|mm|dd|df=yes}} -->
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = 1509 (aged 68–69) <!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|yyyy|mm|dd|df=yes}} -->
| death_place = ], ]
| burial_place = ], ]
| religion = ]
}}
]


'''Jám Nizámuddín II''' ({{langx|sd|ڄام نظام الدين ثاني}}; 1439–1509), also known as '''Jam Nizam al-Din''' or '''Jám Nindó''' ({{langx|sd|ڄام نندو|links=no}}), was the 15th ] from ] between 1461 and 1508&nbsp;CE. His capital was ] in modern-day southern ]. After his death, his son ]udin lost the Sultanate in 1525&nbsp;CE to an invading army of Shah Beg Arghun,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-04-11 |title=Grave Tales |url=http://www.hindu.com/mag/2004/04/11/stories/2004041100590800.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040907145359/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2004/04/11/stories/2004041100590800.htm |archive-date=2004-09-07 |work=] |accessdate=2009-03-12}}</ref> who had been thrown out of Kandahar by ].
In the beginning of his reign Jám Nizámuddín was very fond of ] and often spent his time in ]. He was a very obliging man and an industrious person. He was very regular in his prayers and was very ]. In his days mosques were always full at the time of prayers. Shortly after his accession, he went from ] to ], where he spent about a year, during which time he extirpated the freebooters and robbers, who had annoyed the people in that part of the country. He filled the fort of Bakhar with plenty of provisions and then left the place in charge of his house-born slave Dilshád and himself returned to his capital, where he reigned quietly for long long years. In his time the people enjoyed every sort of comfort and rest. Even travellers could travel through different parts of Sind without any one doing harm to their person or property. He contracted friendship with the ruler of ] and the two often used to correspond with and send presents to each other. He visited his stables regularly every week and passed his hand over the forehead of his horses and said “O lucky beings, I do not wish to ride you in order to fight with others. On all the four sides of us we have ]. May God never give us any cause other than in accordance with the religious law, to go elsewhere, or others to come here, lest innocent blood of Mussalmans be shed and I be ashamed in the august presence of God.”


==Tomb==
In the last part of Jám Nindó’s reign, a ] army under ] came from ] invading the town of ], ],] Sindichah and Kót Máchián. Jám Nindó sent a large army* which arriving at the village known by the name of ], defeated the ]s in a single pitched battle in which Sháhbeg’s brother ] was killed and the Mughuls fled back to Kandhár* and never made their appearance again during the reign of Jám Nizámuddín.
Nizamuddin's grave is located on ] and part of the world heritage site of Historical Monuments at Makli.<ref> UNESCO Retrieved 14 June 2014</ref> The tomb is an impressive stone structure with fine ornamental carving similar to the 15th-century Gujrat style.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawn: The necropolis of Sindh by Omar Mukhtar Khan |url=http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/011111/dmag10.htm |url-status=dead |accessdate=2009-03-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006011315/http://www.dawn.com/weekly/dmag/archive/011111/dmag10.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2008}}</ref> It has been restored but suffers from cracks and wall distortions caused by rough weathering and erosion of the slope on which it stands.<ref>''The Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din, documentation and condition survey''. Heritage Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan. 2011.</ref>


Cousens wrote in ''The Antiquities of Sind'':<ref>Henry Cousens, The Antiquities of Sind, Archaeological Survey of India 46, Imperial Series (Calcutta, 1929, rptd. Karachi, 1975).</ref>
Jám Nizámuddín was very fond of the company of learned men, with whom he often took pleasure in discussing literary subjects. A learned man of ], ] had come from ] to Sind and had sent his two worthy pupils ] and ] to ] in order that they should arrange for his sojourn there. Jám Nizámuddín learning the intention of the Persian savânt ordered some good houses to be fitted up for his reception and sent his two pupils with a large sum of money for expenses of the journey, ordering them to bring the learned man. But before their arrival their master had died. Mír Shamsuddín and Mír Muín therefore came back to Thattá and took up their abode at the place. After some time Jám Nizámuddín died after a splendid reign of 48 years*.


{{blockquote|His tomb is in the necropolis on Makli Hill. It is square in the plan but the dome was never constructed, work stopped when the walls reached the ]. On the exterior of the building there are twelve bands of decoration running around the building from top to bottom comprising diamonds, lotuses, Quranic inscriptions, and geometric patterns. There are two unusual features: the mihrab in the interior and the corresponding balcony on the exterior. This type of balcony recalls those in Gujarat therefore it is possible that craftsmen from Gujarat were responsible for this tomb. This is a close view of a section of the wall, showing the richly carved balcony and the bands of decorative carving along the wall.}}
⚫ {{uncat}}

==See also==
* ]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{source attribution|''History of Sind – translated from Persian books'' by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853–1929), published in ] in 1902}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*

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{{S-bef|before=]}}
{{S-ttl|title=]|years=1461-1508}}
{{S-aft|after=]}}
{{s-end}}

{{authority control}}

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Latest revision as of 12:51, 1 January 2025

15th Sultan of Sindh
Jam Nizamuddin II
ڄام نظام الدين ثاني
Jam Nizamuddin II's tomb at Makli Necropolis
15th Sultan of Sindh
Reign1461–1508
PredecessorJam Sanjar
SuccessorJam Feruz
Born8 August 1440
Thatta, Sindh
Died1509 (aged 68–69)
Thatta, Sindh
BurialMakli Hill, Pakistan
Names
Jam Nizamuddin (Nindo) bin Sadruddin
DynastySamma dynasty
FatherJam Sadrudin bin Jam Unar (Banbhina)
ReligionSunni Islam
Tomb of Jam Nizamuddin, Makli necropolis

Jám Nizámuddín II (Sindhi: ڄام نظام الدين ثاني; 1439–1509), also known as Jam Nizam al-Din or Jám Nindó (Sindhi: ڄام نندو), was the 15th Sultan of Sindh from Samma dynasty between 1461 and 1508 CE. His capital was Thatta in modern-day southern Pakistan. After his death, his son Jám Ferózudin lost the Sultanate in 1525 CE to an invading army of Shah Beg Arghun, who had been thrown out of Kandahar by Babur.

Tomb

Nizamuddin's grave is located on Makli Hill and part of the world heritage site of Historical Monuments at Makli. The tomb is an impressive stone structure with fine ornamental carving similar to the 15th-century Gujrat style. It has been restored but suffers from cracks and wall distortions caused by rough weathering and erosion of the slope on which it stands.

Cousens wrote in The Antiquities of Sind:

His tomb is in the necropolis on Makli Hill. It is square in the plan but the dome was never constructed, work stopped when the walls reached the springing line. On the exterior of the building there are twelve bands of decoration running around the building from top to bottom comprising diamonds, lotuses, Quranic inscriptions, and geometric patterns. There are two unusual features: the mihrab in the interior and the corresponding balcony on the exterior. This type of balcony recalls those in Gujarat therefore it is possible that craftsmen from Gujarat were responsible for this tomb. This is a close view of a section of the wall, showing the richly carved balcony and the bands of decorative carving along the wall.

See also

References

  1. Ephrat, Daphna; Wolper, Ethel Sara; Pinto, Paulo G. (7 December 2020). Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power across Time and Place. BRILL. p. 276. ISBN 978-90-04-44427-0.
  2. "Grave Tales". The Hindu. 2004-04-11. Archived from the original on 2004-09-07. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  3. Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta UNESCO Retrieved 14 June 2014
  4. "Dawn: The necropolis of Sindh by Omar Mukhtar Khan". Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  5. The Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din, documentation and condition survey. Heritage Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan. 2011.
  6. Henry Cousens, The Antiquities of Sind, Archaeological Survey of India 46, Imperial Series (Calcutta, 1929, rptd. Karachi, 1975).
  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: History of Sind – translated from Persian books by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853–1929), published in Karachi in 1902

External links

Jam Nizamuddin II Samma dynastyBorn: 1439 Died: 1509
Regnal titles
Preceded byJam Sanjar Sultan of Sindh
1461-1508 		Succeeded byJam Feroz
Categories:
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