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⚫ {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{ infobox nobility
{{Infobox royalty
⚫ | name = Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern
| name = Princess Maria
| image = Carl-IX-grav-5.JPG
⚫ | title = Duchess of Södermanland
⚫ | caption = Princess Maria and her branch of the Vasa Dynasty were interred in ]. There is no known picture of Maria herself.
⚫ | image = Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern.jpg
⚫ | noble family = ]
| caption =
⚫ | house = ]
| father = ] | father = ]
| mother = ] | mother = ]
| spouse = ] | spouse = ]<br>(m. 1579)
| issue = Princess Margareta<br>Princess Elisabeth<br>Prince Louis<br>]<br>Prince Gustav<br>Princess Maria
| birth_date = {{birth_date|1561|7|24|df=yes}} | birth_date = {{birth_date|1561|7|24|df=yes}}
| birth_place = ] | birth_place = ], Germany
| death_date = {{death date and age|1589|7|29|1561|7|24|df=yes}} | death_date = {{death date and age|1589|7|29|1561|7|24|df=yes}}
| death_place = ] | death_place = ], Sweden
}} }}
⚫ ].]]
⚫ '''Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern''', (24 July 1561 in ] – 29 July 1589 in ]), was a German Princess and a Swedish Princess and Duchess of Södermanland by marriage, the first spouse of the future King ]. She died before he became king and was therefore never queen.


⚫ '''Maria of the Palatinate''' (24 July 1561 – 29 July 1589), also known as ''Anna Maria'', was a Swedish princess and '''Duchess of Södermanland''' by marriage, the first spouse of the future King ]. She died before he became king.
Maria was born to ] and ]. In April 1578, the Swedish Prince Charles, Duke of Södermanland, visited her home town ] and proposed. The wedding took place in Heidelberg 11 May 1579. Afterwards, she followed him to Sweden, where they resided in his Duchy in ].


== Biography ==
No portrait exists of Maria. She is described as beautiful, gentle and diplomatic, but also sickly. Her marriage to Charles IX of Sweden is described as happy. Her calmness was said to be the opposite of her husband's temperament. She influenced his rule in the Duchy, intervening to ask him to show mercy to other people.
Maria was born in ], to ] and ]. In April 1578, the Swedish Prince Charles, Duke of Södermanland, visited her home town ] and proposed. Maria was brought up to be an ardent Lutheran, and her religion and upbringing according to the principles of the ] was one reason why she was chosen by the sternly Protestant Charles.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Tegenborg Falkdalen |first=Karin |title=Vasadöttrarna |publisher=Historiska Media |year=2010 |isbn=978-91-85873-87-6 |edition=2nd |location=Falun |language=sv}}</ref> She also spoke Latin. Her father accepted the marriage proposal on the condition that she be secured the right to practice her faith in Sweden which was then ruled by Charles' brother John III, who was known for his Catholic sympathies.<ref name=":0" /> The wedding took place in Heidelberg 11 May 1579. Afterwards, she followed him to Sweden, where they resided in his Duchy in ]. They left Germany in July, and in September 1579, Maria received the oath of loyalty from the subjects in her ] lands Gripsholm, Tynnelsö and Rävsnäs estates, Strängnäs city with the parishes Åkers, Selebo and Daga as well as Överenhörna and Ytterenhörna.


She is described as beautiful, gentle and diplomatic, but also sickly. Her marriage to ] is described as happy.<ref name=":1">, urn:sbl:9105, '']'' (article by Lars-Olof Skoglund), retrieved 19 September 2016.</ref> Her calmness was said to be the opposite of the fierce temperament of her consort.<ref name=":1" /> Maria is said to have influenced the rule of Charles in the Duchy, intervening on behalf of supplicants and to ask him to show mercy.<ref name=":0" /> Because she had a reputation for being able to control the feared temperament of Charles, she was often approached by supplicants.<ref name=":1" /> She accompanied him around the Duchy as long as her constant pregnancies allowed for that possibility. Maria remained a committed ]: in letters to her father, she expressed her discontent with the spread of ] in Simmern, and in 1585 asked him to send her a Lutheran preacher.<ref name=":0" /> Charles described her as more educated in religion than anyone to be found, and she is believed to have affected Charles to adopt an even stronger pro-Lutheran political view.<ref name=":0" />
⚫ Maria bore six children, but only one survived for more than a few years. She herself died in Eskilstuna palace after a long term illness, and was buried in the Strängnäs Cathedral.


⚫ Maria bore six children in just eight years, but only one survived for more than a few years. She herself died in Eskilstuna Palace after a long-term illness in 1589, and was buried in the Strängnäs Cathedral. Later examinations of her remains showed her to have been a small, fragile brunette.
⚫ Duke Charles was said to have mourned her greatly. The town ] and the royal estate ] are named after her.


⚫ Duke Charles was said to have mourned her greatly. The town ], founded in 1583, and the royal estate {{Interlanguage link multi|Marieholm, Mariestad|sv|3=Marieholm, Mariestad|lt=Marieholm}} are named for her.
'''Children:'''

#Margareta Elisabet (1580–1585).
==Issue==
#Elisabet Sabina (1582–1585).

#Ludvig (1583).
#Margareta Elisabet (24 September 1580 – 26 August 1585), died in childhood
#] (1584–1638)
#Elisabet Sabina (12 March 1582 – 6 July 1585), died in childhood
#Gustav (1587).
#Ludvig (17 March – 26 May 1583), died in infancy
#Maria (1588–1589).
#] (10 November 1584 – 13 December 1638)
#Gustav (12 June – 4 December 1587), died in infancy
#Maria (18 December 1588 – 24 April 1589), died in infancy

==Ancestors==
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|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
⚫ |1= 1. '''Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern '''
|2= 2. ]
|3= 3. ]
|4= 4. ]
|5= 5. ]
|6= 6. ]
|7= 7. ]
|8= 8. ]
|9= 9. ]
|10= 10. ]
|11= 11. ]
|12= 12. ]
|13= 13. ]
|14= 14. ]
|15= 15. ]
⚫ }}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}}
* http://www.historiesajten.se/visainfo.asp?id=382
* {{Cite book |last1=Stålberg |first1=Wilhelmina |url=https://runeberg.org/sqvinnor/0290.html |title=Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor |last2=Berg |first2=P. G. |date=1864 |pages=260 |language=sv}}
* http://runeberg.org/sqvinnor/0290.html


{{S-start}} {{S-start}}
{{S-roy|se}} {{S-roy|se}}
{{succession box|title=Duchess of Södermanland | before=] | after= ] | years= 1579–1589}} {{succession box|title=Duchess of Södermanland | before=] | after= ] | years= 1579–1589}}
{{end}} {{s-end}}

{{1500sProtestantwomen}}
{{Swedish princesses by marriage}} {{Swedish princesses by marriage}}
{{Authority control}}
⚫ {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}


{{Persondata
⚫ | name = Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern
| alternative names = Anna Maria von der Pfalz (German); Maria av Pfalz (Swedish)
⚫ | short description = Duchess consort of Södermanland (1579-1589)
| date of birth = 24 July 1561
| place of birth = ]
| date of death = 29 July 1589
| place of death = ]
⚫ }}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern}}
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]

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Latest revision as of 20:09, 8 December 2024

Duchess of Södermanland
Princess Maria
Duchess of Södermanland
Born(1561-07-24)24 July 1561
Heidelberg, Germany
Died29 July 1589(1589-07-29) (aged 28)
Eskilstuna, Sweden
SpousePrince Charles, Duke of Södermanland
(m. 1579)
IssuePrincess Margareta
Princess Elisabeth
Prince Louis
Catherine, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg
Prince Gustav
Princess Maria
HouseWittelsbach
FatherLouis VI, Elector Palatine
MotherElisabeth of Hesse
Princess Maria and her branch of the Vasa Dynasty were interred in Strängnäs Cathedral.

Maria of the Palatinate (24 July 1561 – 29 July 1589), also known as Anna Maria, was a Swedish princess and Duchess of Södermanland by marriage, the first spouse of the future King Charles IX of Sweden. She died before he became king.

Biography

Maria was born in Heidelberg, to Louis VI, Elector Palatine and Elisabeth of Hesse. In April 1578, the Swedish Prince Charles, Duke of Södermanland, visited her home town Heidelberg and proposed. Maria was brought up to be an ardent Lutheran, and her religion and upbringing according to the principles of the Augsburg Confession was one reason why she was chosen by the sternly Protestant Charles. She also spoke Latin. Her father accepted the marriage proposal on the condition that she be secured the right to practice her faith in Sweden which was then ruled by Charles' brother John III, who was known for his Catholic sympathies. The wedding took place in Heidelberg 11 May 1579. Afterwards, she followed him to Sweden, where they resided in his Duchy in Södermanland. They left Germany in July, and in September 1579, Maria received the oath of loyalty from the subjects in her dower lands Gripsholm, Tynnelsö and Rävsnäs estates, Strängnäs city with the parishes Åkers, Selebo and Daga as well as Överenhörna and Ytterenhörna.

She is described as beautiful, gentle and diplomatic, but also sickly. Her marriage to Charles IX of Sweden is described as happy. Her calmness was said to be the opposite of the fierce temperament of her consort. Maria is said to have influenced the rule of Charles in the Duchy, intervening on behalf of supplicants and to ask him to show mercy. Because she had a reputation for being able to control the feared temperament of Charles, she was often approached by supplicants. She accompanied him around the Duchy as long as her constant pregnancies allowed for that possibility. Maria remained a committed Lutheran: in letters to her father, she expressed her discontent with the spread of Calvinism in Simmern, and in 1585 asked him to send her a Lutheran preacher. Charles described her as more educated in religion than anyone to be found, and she is believed to have affected Charles to adopt an even stronger pro-Lutheran political view.

Maria bore six children in just eight years, but only one survived for more than a few years. She herself died in Eskilstuna Palace after a long-term illness in 1589, and was buried in the Strängnäs Cathedral. Later examinations of her remains showed her to have been a small, fragile brunette.

Duke Charles was said to have mourned her greatly. The town Mariestad, founded in 1583, and the royal estate Marieholm [sv] are named for her.

Issue

  1. Margareta Elisabet (24 September 1580 – 26 August 1585), died in childhood
  2. Elisabet Sabina (12 March 1582 – 6 July 1585), died in childhood
  3. Ludvig (17 March – 26 May 1583), died in infancy
  4. Catharina (10 November 1584 – 13 December 1638)
  5. Gustav (12 June – 4 December 1587), died in infancy
  6. Maria (18 December 1588 – 24 April 1589), died in infancy

Ancestors

Ancestors of Maria of the Palatinate, Duchess of Södermanland
8. John II, Count Palatine of Simmern
4. Frederick III, Elector Palatine
9. Beatrix of Baden
2. Louis VI, Elector Palatine
10. Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
5. Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
11. Susanna of Bavaria
1. Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern
12. William II, Landgrave of Hesse
6. Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
13. Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3. Elisabeth of Hesse
14. George, Duke of Saxony
7. Christine of Saxony
15. Barbara Jagiellon

References

  1. ^ Tegenborg Falkdalen, Karin (2010). Vasadöttrarna (in Swedish) (2nd ed.). Falun: Historiska Media. ISBN 978-91-85873-87-6.
  2. ^ Maria, urn:sbl:9105, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (article by Lars-Olof Skoglund), retrieved 19 September 2016.
Swedish royalty
Preceded byIngeborg of Norway Duchess of Södermanland
1579–1589 		Succeeded byChristina of Holstein-Gottorp
16th-century Protestant women in the Reformation
Theological writers and scholars
Former nuns
Reformation martyrs
Benefactors
Significant for another reason
Swedish princesses by marriage
Generations are numbered from the daughters-in-law of Gustav I of Sweden onwards.
1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
  • None
4th generation
  • None
5th generation
  • None
6th generation
7th generation
8th generation
9th generation
10th generation
11th generation
12th generation
13th generation
14th generation
  • None
15th generation
*also princess of Norway by marriage
**also princess of Sweden by birth
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