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{{otheruses}} {{other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Geobox|Settlement
| name = Reca
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
| name = Reca | other name = Réte | category = Village | other_name = Réte
| settlement_type = ]
<!-- *** Names **** -->
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| etymology =
| image_skyline = Reca - kostol Reformovanej cirkvi.jpg
| official_name =
| image_caption = Reformed church in Reca
| motto =
| image_flag = Reca-senec-flag.svg
| nickname =
| image_shield =
<!-- *** Image *** -->
<!-- location -->
| image =
| subdivision_type = ]
| image_caption =
| subdivision_name = {{SVK}}
<!-- *** Symbols *** -->
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| flag =
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Bratislava Region}}
| symbol =
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| symbol_type =
| subdivision_name2 = ]
<!-- *** Country *** -->
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| country = Slovakia
| pushpin_map = Slovakia Bratislava Region#Slovakia
| country_flag = true
| pushpin_relief = 1
| state =
| region = ] | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Reca in the ]##Location of Reca in ]
| coordinates = {{coord|48.23|N|17.45|E|region:SK|display=inline,title}}
| district = ]
<!-- government -->
| municipality =
| leader_title = Mayor
<!-- *** Family *** -->
| leader_name = Zoltán Metzner
| landmark =
| leader_party = ]
| river =
<!-- *** Locations *** --> <!-- established -->
| established_title = First mentioned
| location = 122-125
| established_date = 1256
| elevation = 128| prominence =
<!-- area -->
| lat_d =48 | lat_m =13 | lat_s =57 | lat_NS =N
| area_footnotes = <ref name="area">{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_DEM/om7014rr/v_om7014rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Hustota obyvateľstva - obce |language=sk |date=2022-03-31 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| long_d =17 | long_m =26 | long_s =52 | long_EW =E
| area_total_km2 = 9.92
| highest =
<!-- elevation -->
| highest_location = | highest_region = | highest_state =
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="base_info">{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_SK_WIN/om5001rr/v_om5001rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Základná charakteristika |language=sk |date=2015-04-17 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| highest_elevation =
| elevation_m = 124
| highest_lat_d = | highest_lat_m = | highest_lat_s = | highest_lat_NS =
<!-- population -->
| highest_long_d = | highest_long_m = | highest_long_s = | highest_long_EW =
| population_as_of = {{abbr|2021|Population: 2021-12-31. Population density & Total area: 2021-06-30/-07-01. Elevation, Postal code & Area code (last updated): 2015-04-17.}}
| lowest =
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/#!/view/sk/VBD_DEM/om7101rr/v_om7101rr_00_00_00_sk |title=Počet obyvateľov podľa pohlavia - obce (ročne) |language=sk |date=2022-03-31 |website=www.statistics.sk |publisher= Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic|access-date=2022-03-31}}</ref>
| lowest_location = | lowest_region = | lowest_state =
| population_total = 1719
| lowest_elevation =
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| lowest_lat_d = | lowest_lat_m = | lowest_lat_s = | lowest_lat_NS =
| timezone1 = ]
| lowest_long_d = | lowest_long_m = | lowest_long_s = | lowest_long_EW =
| utc_offset1 = +1
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| timezone1_DST = ]
| length = | length_orientation =
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
| width = | width_orientation =
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
| area = 9.92 | area_land =
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| area_water =
| postal_code = 925 26<ref name="base_info"/>
| area_urban =
| area_code = +421 10<ref name="base_info"/>
| area_metro =
| blank_name = ]
<!-- *** Population *** -->
| blank_info = SC
| population =1401 | population_date = 2011
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| population_urban =
| website = {{URL|https://www.obec-reca.sk/}}
| population_metro =
| population_density = auto
| population_density_urban =
| population_density_metro =
<!-- *** History & management *** -->
| established =1256| established_type = First mentioned
| date =
| government =
| government_location = | government_region = | government_state =
| government_elevation =
| government_lat_d = | government_lat_m = | government_lat_s = | government_lat_NS =
| government_long_d = | government_long_m = | government_long_s = | government_long_EW =
| mayor = Zoltán Metzner | leader =
<!-- *** Codes *** -->
| timezone =] | utc_offset =+1
| timezone_DST =] | utc_offset_DST =+2
| postal_code = 925 26 | area_code = 421-2
| area_code_type = Phone prefix
| code = SC
| code_type = ]
<!-- *** UNESCO etc. *** -->
| whs_name =
| whs_year =
| whs_number =
| whs_region =
| whs_criteria =
| iucn_category =
<!-- *** Free fields *** -->
| free = | free_type =
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map =Slovakia - outline map.svg
| map_caption = Location in Slovakia
| map_background = Slovakia - background map.png
| map_locator = Slovakia
| map1 =Bratislava Region - outline map.svg
| map1_caption = Location in the Bratislava Region
| map1_background = Bratislava Region - background map.png
| map1_locator = Bratislava Region
| map1_size = 160
<!-- *** Website *** -->
| statistics =
| website = http://www.reca.sk
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes =
}} }}

] in the ]]]
'''Reca''' ({{lang-hu|Réte}}) is a ] and ] in western ] in ] in the ]. '''Reca''' ({{langx|hu|Réte}}) is a ] and ] in western ] in ] in the ].


==Geography== ==Geography==
The municipality lies at an altitude of 124 metres and covers an area of 9.921km². It has a population of 1244 people. The municipality lies at an altitude of 124 metres and covers an area of 9.921&nbsp;km². It has a population of 1420 people.<ref>http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/Obyvatelstvo/tabulky/pocet_obyvatelov/2012/poc_obyv_2012.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114185128/http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/Obyvatelstvo/tabulky/pocet_obyvatelov/2012/poc_obyv_2012.pdf |date=2013-11-14 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>


==History== ==History==
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Pagan tomb-mounds excavated in an around Reca confirm the presence of Magyar mounted border guards from the 10th century. Pagan tomb-mounds excavated in an around Reca confirm the presence of Magyar mounted border guards from the 10th century.


In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1256, and was part of the dominion of Matthias ], the magnate of ]. Documents confirm that before Csak, during the reign of the early ] kings, the settlement was inhabited by ]s (''jobagiones castri'') and controlled by the Count of ]. The castle warriors of Reca developed into landowning lower nobility and Reca was a characteristic curial village of ] until the mid-20th century.<ref>Liszka, Joszef: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku'', Komarno - Dunajska Streda 2003 </ref><ref>Korabinsky, Johann Matthias: ''Geographish-Historisches und Produkten Lexikon von Ungarn'', Pressburg 1786: "Wird von Edelleuten bewohnt", p.602 </ref> In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1256, and was part of the dominion of ], the magnate of ]. Documents confirm that before Csak, during the reign of the early ] kings, the settlement was inhabited by ]s ({{Lang|la|jobagiones castri}}) and controlled by the Count of ]. The castle warriors of Reca developed into landowning lower nobility and Reca was a characteristic curial village of ] until the mid-20th century.<ref>Liszka, József: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku'', Komarno - Dunajska Streda 2003</ref><ref>Korabinsky, Johann Matthias: ''Geographish-Historisches und Produkten Lexikon von Ungarn'', Pressburg 1786: "Wird von Edelleuten bewohnt", p. 602</ref>


During the Counter-Reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries, Reca (or Rethe, as it was then known) became the shelter of Bohemian and Moravian Protestants after the ], because the Reca gentry was not subject to ] ] religious laws. An estimated five-sixths of the Bohemian nobility went into exile soon after the ], and their properties were confiscated.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Battle_of_White_Mountain</ref> This period has left a ] Chapel in the village, containing pieces of rare ecclesiastical plate. After the city of ], Reca was one of the most significant locations in Royal Hungary for Czech exiles, with approximately 30 families settling there in the 17th century.<ref>Zbirkova, Viera: ''Reca: Ceski bratia v Reci koncom 17. a na zaciatku 18. storocia'' (Bratislava, 1996)</ref> During the Counter-Reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries, Reca (or Réthe, as it was then known) became the shelter of Bohemian and Moravian Protestants after the ], because the Reca gentry was not subject to ] ] religious laws. An estimated five-sixths of the Bohemian nobility went into exile soon after the ], and their properties were confiscated.<ref>]</ref> This period has left a ] Chapel in the village, containing pieces of rare ecclesiastical plate. After the city of ], Reca was one of the most significant locations in Royal Hungary for Czech exiles, with approximately 30 families settling there in the 17th century.<ref>Zbirkova, Viera: ''Reca: Ceski bratia v Reci koncom 17. a na zaciatku 18. storocia'' (Bratislava, 1996)</ref>


In 1878 Reca briefly became known as Nemes Réte, in line with some other curial villages (e.g. Nemes Dedina. It also adopted a peculiar coat of arms consisting of the Royal arms of ]). In 1878 Reca briefly became known as Nemes Réte, in line with some other curial villages (e.g. Nemes Dedina. It also adopted a peculiar coat of arms consisting of the Royal arms of ]).


The 1892 Directory of Hungarian Merchants (which covers roughly 10-15% of the working populace of the Hungarian part of ]) lists the heads of families in Reca engaged in trade. It mainly covers Jewish families living in Reca as craftsmen and shopkeepers, and heads of gentry families engaged in horse-breeding which they subsequently sold in nearby ], ] or ]<ref>Bukovszky, Laszlo: ''Matyusfold II: Egy regio tortenete a XI szazadtol 1945-ig'', Komarom 2005</ref>. The largest families in the list are the Doka (7 ), Fadgyas (3), Karátsonyi (4),Klebercz (3), Pomichal (6), and Prikkel (3).<ref>http://www.radixindex.com/helyindex/rete.shtml</ref> The 1892 Directory of Hungarian Merchants (which covers roughly 10-15% of the working populace of the Hungarian part of ]) lists the heads of families in Reca engaged in trade. It mainly covers Jewish families living in Reca as craftsmen and shopkeepers, and heads of gentry families engaged in horse-breeding which they subsequently sold in nearby ], ] or ].<ref>Bukovszky, László: ''Mátyusföld II: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig'', Komárom, 2005</ref> The largest families in the list are the Doka (7 ), Fadgyas (3), Karátsonyi (4), Klebercz (3), Pomichal (6) and Prikkel (3).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radixindex.com/helyindex/rete.shtml|title = RadixIndex : Helyek : Rete}}</ref>


During the ] in 1938, Reca once more became part of ], during the regime of admiral ]. In 1945 it was recovered by ]. A number of residents were affected by the ] and a number of families were forced to move to Hungary in 1947 as part of the colonisation of Slovaks in the region.<ref>http://www.freeweb.hu/felvidek1947/data/hun/_rete.html</ref> During the ] in 1938, Reca once more became part of ], during the regime of admiral ]. In 1945 it was recovered by ]. A number of residents were affected by the ] and tenthousands of Hungarian families were forced to move to Hungary and Czechia in 1947 as part of the colonisation of Slovaks in the region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.freeweb.hu/felvidek1947/data/hun/_rete.html |title=Felvidék 1947 Egyesület |access-date=2012-09-16 |archive-date=2008-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002003742/http://www.freeweb.hu/felvidek1947/data/hun/_rete.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Notable figures == == Notable figures ==


The first individual known to documented history is Petrus Magnus de Réthe, a descendant of the original castle warriors, recorded in 1256 as a castle warrior of ]. <ref>Teleki, Jozsef Count de Szek: ''Hunyadiak Kora: Magyarorszagon" (Pest, 1863) p.199</ref> The first individual known to documented history is Petrus Magnus de Réthe, a descendant of the original castle warriors, recorded in 1256 as a castle warrior of ].<ref>Teleki, József Count de Szék: ''Hunyadiak Kora: Magyarországon'' (Pest, 1863) p. 199</ref>


A 1395 document records John and Peter of Reca as having been ''homini regi'' (or royal judges) during the reign of ] (1326-1382).<ref>Bukovszky, Laszlo: ''Matyusfold II: Egy regio tortenete a XI szazadtol 1945-ig'', Komarom 2005</ref> A 1395 document records John and Peter of Reca as having been {{Lang|la|homini regi}} (or royal judges) during the reign of ] (1326-1382).<ref>Bukovszky, László: ''Mátyusföld II.: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig'', Komarom 2005</ref>


In 1485, another John of Reca is recorded as judge (''iuidex nobilium'') of ].<ref>Bukovszky, Laszlo: ''Matyusfold II: Egy regio tortenete a XI szazadtol 1945-ig'', Komarom 2005</ref> In 1485, another John of Reca is recorded as judge ({{Lang|la|iuidex nobilium}}) of ].<ref>Bukovszky, László: ''Matyusfold II.: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig'', Komárom, 2005</ref>


Nicholas of Reca was canon and vice-dean, and from 1489 to 1499 dean of the Chapter of Bratislava.<ref>Hlavackova, Miriam. ''Kapitula pri Dóme sv. Martina - intelektuálne centrum Bratislavy v 15. storočí'' (Bratislava, 2008)</ref> Nicholas of Reca was canon and vice-dean, and from 1489 to 1499 dean of the Chapter of Bratislava.<ref>Hlavackova, Miriam. ''Kapitula pri Dóme sv. Martina - intelektuálne centrum Bratislavy v 15. storočí'' (Bratislava, 2008)</ref>


Between 1504 and 1540, Andreas de Rethe was ] (''vice-comes'') of ] (]).<ref>Lehotzky, Andreas: ''Stemmatographia Nobilium Familiarum Regni Hungariae, etc.'', Posonii 1796, p.203</ref> Between 1504 and 1540, Andreas de Réthe was ] ({{Lang|la|vice-comes}}) of ] (]).<ref>Lehotzky, Andreas: ''Stemmatographia Nobilium Familiarum Regni Hungariae, etc.'', Posonii 1796, p. 203</ref>


In the 17th century Péter Réthey was a familiaris (a Hungarian type of vassalage) of the ] family, whose members were Kings of ] and Princes of ] at the time. In 1620 he gained the manor of ] from ] and her husband ]. Péter Réthey constructed a large fortified seat which today remains one of the largest in Hungary.<ref>http://www.nemzetimuemlek.hu/index.php/epulet/fuezerradvany/</ref> In the 17th century Péter Réthey was a '']'' (a Hungarian type of vassalage) of the ], whose members were Kings of ] and Princes of ] at the time. In 1620 he gained the manor of ] from ] and her husband ]. Péter Réthey constructed a large fortified seat which today remains one of the largest in Hungary.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nemzetimuemlek.hu/index.php/epulet/fuezerradvany/|title=Tárhely és domain regisztrálás olcsón - Cweb.hu™ - Tárhely - Domain}}</ref>


A notable 18th century historical figure of Reca was György Rethey, a former Imperial cavalry officer who fought for ], Prince of ] and leader of the last major uprising of the Hungarian nobility against the ] dynasty (see ]). Both György Rethey and his brother Janos defected from Imperial service and commanded hussar regiments under Rákóczi. In 1706, György Rethey led 3,000 men on an infamous attack on Styria, designed to plunder and pillage the local populace. 92 villages, two towns, and several castles were burned during the raid. <ref>Hengelmuller, Ladislas Baron von Hengervar: ''Hungary's Fight for National Existence'', London 1913, p.299</ref> He also commanded his regiment at the ] in 1708. A notable 18th-century historical figure of Reca was ], a former Imperial cavalry officer who fought for ], Prince of Transylvania and leader of the last major uprising of the Hungarian nobility against the ] (see ]). Both György Réthey and his brother János defected from Imperial service and commanded hussar regiments under Rákóczi. In 1706, György Réthey led 3,000 men on an infamous attack on Styria, designed to plunder and pillage the local populace. 92 villages, two towns, and several castles were burned during the raid.<ref>Hengelmuller, Ladislas Baron von Hengervar: ''Hungary's Fight for National Existence'', London 1913, p. 299</ref> He also commanded his regiment at the ] in 1708.


Ferenc Réthey, another eminent supporter of Rákóczi, was, amongst other activities, captain of the medieval ] castle (which was destroyed after the uprising), captain of ] castle and, towards the end of his career, captain of ] fortress and ] County.<ref>''Az Egri Múzeum évkönyve'': Dobó István Vármúzeum., 1963, p. 287</ref> On 8 December 1710 Ferenc Réthey and Miklos ] capitulated Eger to the Habsburg field-marshal Count ].<ref>http://mek.oszk.hu/00000/00060/html/047/pc004737.html</ref> It is unclear how closely Ferenc Réthey was related to György Réthey, as prior to the 19th century members of Reca nobility often used only their predicate of "Réthey" or "de Réthe" (meaning "of Reca") in correspondence and identification, and not their original family names which distinguish individual family lines. ], another eminent supporter of Rákóczi, was, amongst other activities, captain of the medieval ] castle (which was destroyed after the uprising), captain of ] castle and, towards the end of his career, captain of ] fortress and ] County.<ref>''Az Egri Múzeum évkönyve'': Dobó István Vármúzeum, 1963, p. 287</ref> On 8 December 1710 Ferenc Réthey and Miklós ] capitulated Eger to the Habsburg field-marshal Count ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mek.oszk.hu/00000/00060/html/047/pc004737.html|title = A Pallas nagy lexikona}}</ref> It is unclear how closely Ferenc Réthey was related to György Réthey, as prior to the 19th century members of Reca nobility often used only their predicate of "Réthey" or "de Réthe" (meaning 'of Reca') in correspondence and identification, and not their original family names which distinguish individual family lines.


László Dóka was Foszolgabiro (Chief Constable) of Pozsony County from 1837 and deputy Judex Curiae Regi (the Lord Chief Justice of Hungary) in the first half of the 19th century, and Sandor Dóka was acting Governor of ] at the beginning of the 20th. <ref>Dedek Crescens, Laszlo: ''Pozsony varmegye tortenete'', Budapest 1904</ref> ] was főszolgabíró (Chief Constable) of Pozsony County from 1837 and deputy Judex Curiae Regi (the Lord Chief Justice of Hungary) in the first half of the 19th century, and Sándor Dóka was acting Governor of ] at the beginning of the 20th.<ref>Dedek Crescens, Laszlo: ''Pozsony vármegye története'', Budapest, 1904</ref>


Marián Réthei Prikkel (1871-1925), a cleric, compiled the first substantial collection of Hungarian folk dances.<ref>Liszka, Joszef: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku'', Komarno - Dunajska Streda 2003</ref> He also published one of the first monographs on the important early medieval Hungarian mansucript, the ]. ] (1871-1925), a cleric, compiled the first substantial collection of Hungarian folk dances.<ref>Liszka, József: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku'', Komarno - Dunajska Streda, 2003</ref> He also published one of the first monographs on the important early medieval Hungarian manuscript, the ].


Ferenc Réthey (1880-1952), a jurist and academic, was Count (Lord Lieutenant) of ] County.<ref>http://bfl.archivportal.hu/index.php?action=print&news_id=675</ref> ] (1880-1952), a jurist and academic, was Count (Lord Lieutenant) of ] County.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bfl.archivportal.hu/index.php?action=print&news_id=675|title = Budapest Főváros Levéltára &#124;}}</ref>


Richárd Pomichal (1951-2010), was a well-known and popular Hungarian writer, teacher and biologist, who published widely on the ecology of the ] (Rye Island, Inselschutt) region, as well as writing on Hungarian history and the effects of the ].<ref>http://ujszo.com/online/kozelet/2010/09/05/ongyilkos-lett-pomichal-richard</ref><ref>http://www.foruminst.sk/publ/szemle/2007_2/szemle_2007_2_pomichal-richard.pdf</ref> ] (1951-2010), was a well-known and popular Hungarian writer, teacher and biologist, who published widely on the ecology of the ] (Rye Island, Inselschutt) region, as well as writing on Hungarian history and the effects of the ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ujszo.com/online/kozelet/2010/09/05/ongyilkos-lett-pomichal-richard |title=Öngyilkos lett Pomichal Richárd &#124; Új Szó Online |access-date=2012-09-16 |archive-date=2012-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311072836/http://ujszo.com/online/kozelet/2010/09/05/ongyilkos-lett-pomichal-richard |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.foruminst.sk/publ/szemle/2007_2/szemle_2007_2_pomichal-richard.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-12-28 |archive-date=2011-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930201842/http://www.foruminst.sk/publ/szemle/2007_2/szemle_2007_2_pomichal-richard.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>


István Pomichal (1965, Reca), an agriculturalist, is a member of parliament and the autonomous Bratislava region for the ], a party for the Hungarian minority in Slovakia.<ref>http://www.mkp.sk/valasztas/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=106:37-pomichal-istvan-fel&catid=35:kepviselk&Itemid=71</ref><ref>sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Štefan_Pomichal </ref> Pomichal's pedigree cattle, bred on an estate in ], has won a number of national and international gold prizes in Slovakia and Hungary. ] (1965, Reca), an agriculturalist, is a member of parliament and the autonomous Bratislava region for the ], a party for the Hungarian minority in Slovakia<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mkp.sk/valasztas/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=106:37-pomichal-istvan-fel&catid=35:kepviselk&Itemid=71 |title=37 - Pomichal István (Fél) |access-date=2010-08-09 |archive-date=2011-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719102347/http://www.mkp.sk/valasztas/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=106:37-pomichal-istvan-fel&catid=35:kepviselk&Itemid=71 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pomichal's pedigree cattle, bred on an estate in ], has won a number of national and international gold prizes in Slovakia and Hungary.


==Historical descriptions== ==Historical descriptions==


]: ''The inhabitants are Hungarians, and not rustics: indeed, they are people both of noble birth and character (manners). They bread they eat is excellent and hospitality takes the first place there. They are proud of their ample herds and satisfied with the fruit of their farming.'' <ref>Bel Matthias: Notitia Hungariae Novae, Partis Secundae, Cis-Danubiane, Tomus Secundus (1736), p. 189</ref>
Vályi András (1796): ''Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County. Lord County Palffy is the greatest landowner. The inhabitants are Catholics and Protestants, and the village is occupied by a number of nobles. It is half a mile from Puszta Foedemes. The burghers of Bratislava send their young children to the village to learn the Hungarian language.''<ref>Vályi András. Magyar Országnak leírása (1796): http://www.arcanum.hu/fszek/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=main-hit-h.htm&2.0</ref>


Vályi, András (1796): ''Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County. Lord County Pálffy is the greatest landowner. The inhabitants are Catholics and Protestants, and the village is occupied by a number of nobles. It is half a mile from Puszta Födémes. The burghers of Bratislava send their young children to the village to learn the Hungarian language.''<ref>Vályi András. Magyar Országnak leírása (1796): http://www.arcanum.hu/fszek/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=main-hit-h.htm&2.0 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716064223/http://www.arcanum.hu/fszek/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=main-hit-h.htm&2.0 |date=2011-07-16 }}</ref>
Fényes Elek (1851): ''Réthe, a populous Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County, one hour east of Szencz. 491 Catholics, 49 Evangelical, 337 Reformed, 149 Jews. With a Reformed and Catholic church, and a synagogue. Large limits boundaries and beautiful expanse of fertile meadows, vast pastures, famous for sheep and cattle market. Many landowning nobles. One street leads to Cseklesz.''<ref>Fényes Elek. Magyarország Geographiai Szótára (1851): http://books.google.com/books?id=PBkIAAAAQAAJ&dq=Magyarorsz%C3%A1g%20geographiai%20sz%C3%B3t%C3%A1ra%20By%20Elek%20F%C3%A9nyes&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>


Fényes, Elek (1851): ''Réthe, a populous Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County, one hour east of Szencz. 491 Catholics, 49 Evangelical, 337 Reformed, 149 Jews. With a Reformed and Catholic church, and a synagogue. Large limits boundaries and beautiful expanse of fertile meadows, vast pastures, famous for sheep and cattle market. Many landowning nobles. One street leads to Cseklesz.''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fényes |first=Elek |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PBkIAAAAQAAJ&dq=Magyarorsz%C3%A1g%20geographiai%20sz%C3%B3t%C3%A1ra%20By%20Elek%20F%C3%A9nyes&pg=PA1 |title=Magyarország geographiai szótára |date=1851 |language=hu}}</ref>
Liszka Jozsef (2003): ''The squires of Reca formed an individual group in the Matyusfold region. This social class of the village, which consisted of both Reformed and Catholics, was wealthier than the average. Their wealth was clear because their dwellings looked like manor houses, they employed liveried coachmen and they sent their children to schools in Bratislava from the 19th century. Reca noble families were also distinctive for their behaviour and mentality. "The necessary honourable elegance and a keeping of a certain distance" remained alive even after there was no longer any justification of property, i.e. in the second half of the 20th century.''<ref>Liszka, J: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku" (2003, Komarom - Dunaszerdahely), p. 231 mek.oszk.hu/01600/01607/01607.pdf</ref>


Liszka, József (2003): ''The squires of Reca formed an individual group in the Matyusfold region. This social class of the village, which consisted of both Reformed and Catholics, was wealthier than the average. Their wealth was clear because their dwellings looked like manor houses, they employed liveried coachmen and they sent their children to schools in Bratislava from the 19th century. Reca noble families were also distinctive for their behaviour and mentality. "The necessary honourable elegance and a keeping of a certain distance" remained alive even after there was no longer any justification of property, i.e. in the second half of the 20th century.''<ref>Liszka, J: ''Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku'' (2003, Komárom - Dunaszerdahely), p. 231 mek.oszk.hu/01600/01607/01607.pdf</ref>
==References in popular culture ==

Reca is the setting for the epic Hungarian film ''Rákóczi hadnagya'' (1954), or "Rákóczi's Lieutenant" in English. The heroic officer in the film, Lieutenant Janos Bornemissza, is driven by his "patriotism to Hungary and love for the beautiful Anna Biro from Reca". When Reca falls into ] hands Anna is imprisoned and only rescued by Bornemissza at the end of the film.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046259/ and http://port.hu/pls/fi/films.film_page?i_film_id=10049</ref>
== References in popular culture ==
Reca is the setting for the epic Hungarian film {{Lang|hu|Rákóczi hadnagya}} (1954), or "Rákóczi's Lieutenant" in English. The heroic officer in the film, Lieutenant János Bornemissza, is driven by his "patriotism to Hungary and love for the beautiful Anna Bíró from Reca". When Reca falls into '']'' hands Anna is imprisoned and only rescued by Bornemissza at the end of the film.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046259/ and http://port.hu/pls/fi/films.film_page?i_film_id=10049 {{User-generated source|certain=yes|date=March 2022}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


==External links/Sources== ==External links==
*http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html *http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116010355/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html |date=2007-11-16 }}

{{Senec District}} {{Senec District}}


{{authority control}}
{{coord|48|14|N|17|28|E|region:SK_type:city|display=title}}


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Latest revision as of 22:08, 29 December 2024

For other uses, see Reca (disambiguation). Municipality in Bratislava Region, Slovakia
Reca Réte
Municipality
Reformed church in RecaReformed church in Reca
Flag of RecaFlag
Reca is located in Bratislava RegionRecaRecaLocation of Reca in the Bratislava RegionShow map of Bratislava RegionReca is located in SlovakiaRecaRecaLocation of Reca in SlovakiaShow map of Slovakia
Coordinates: 48°14′N 17°27′E / 48.23°N 17.45°E / 48.23; 17.45
Country Slovakia
Region Bratislava Region
DistrictSenec District
First mentioned1256
Government
 • MayorZoltán Metzner (SMK-MKP)
Area
 • Total9.92 km (3.83 sq mi)
Elevation124 m (407 ft)
Population
 • Total1,719
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code925 26
Area code+421 10
Car plateSC
Websitewww.obec-reca.sk

Reca (Hungarian: Réte) is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in Senec District in the Bratislava Region.

Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 124 metres and covers an area of 9.921 km². It has a population of 1420 people.

History

Pagan tomb-mounds excavated in an around Reca confirm the presence of Magyar mounted border guards from the 10th century.

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1256, and was part of the dominion of Matthias Csák, the magnate of Trencsén. Documents confirm that before Csak, during the reign of the early Árpád kings, the settlement was inhabited by castle warriors (jobagiones castri) and controlled by the Count of Pozsony. The castle warriors of Reca developed into landowning lower nobility and Reca was a characteristic curial village of Pozsony County until the mid-20th century.

During the Counter-Reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries, Reca (or Réthe, as it was then known) became the shelter of Bohemian and Moravian Protestants after the Battle of the White Mountain, because the Reca gentry was not subject to Catholic Habsburg religious laws. An estimated five-sixths of the Bohemian nobility went into exile soon after the Battle of White Mountain, and their properties were confiscated. This period has left a Unity of the Brethren Chapel in the village, containing pieces of rare ecclesiastical plate. After the city of Skalica, Reca was one of the most significant locations in Royal Hungary for Czech exiles, with approximately 30 families settling there in the 17th century.

In 1878 Reca briefly became known as Nemes Réte, in line with some other curial villages (e.g. Nemes Dedina. It also adopted a peculiar coat of arms consisting of the Royal arms of Hungary).

The 1892 Directory of Hungarian Merchants (which covers roughly 10-15% of the working populace of the Hungarian part of Austria-Hungary) lists the heads of families in Reca engaged in trade. It mainly covers Jewish families living in Reca as craftsmen and shopkeepers, and heads of gentry families engaged in horse-breeding which they subsequently sold in nearby Senec, Bratislava or Vienna. The largest families in the list are the Doka (7 ), Fadgyas (3), Karátsonyi (4), Klebercz (3), Pomichal (6) and Prikkel (3).

During the First Vienna Award in 1938, Reca once more became part of Hungary, during the regime of admiral Miklós Horthy. In 1945 it was recovered by Czechoslovakia. A number of residents were affected by the Benes Decrees and tenthousands of Hungarian families were forced to move to Hungary and Czechia in 1947 as part of the colonisation of Slovaks in the region.

Notable figures

The first individual known to documented history is Petrus Magnus de Réthe, a descendant of the original castle warriors, recorded in 1256 as a castle warrior of Bratislava Castle.

A 1395 document records John and Peter of Reca as having been homini regi (or royal judges) during the reign of Louis I of Hungary (1326-1382).

In 1485, another John of Reca is recorded as judge (iuidex nobilium) of Pozsony County.

Nicholas of Reca was canon and vice-dean, and from 1489 to 1499 dean of the Chapter of Bratislava.

Between 1504 and 1540, Andreas de Réthe was viscount (vice-comes) of Pozsony County (Bratislava).

In the 17th century Péter Réthey was a familiaris (a Hungarian type of vassalage) of the Báthory family, whose members were Kings of Poland and Princes of Transylvania at the time. In 1620 he gained the manor of Füzérradvány from Elisabeth Báthory and her husband Ferenc Nádasdy. Péter Réthey constructed a large fortified seat which today remains one of the largest in Hungary.

A notable 18th-century historical figure of Reca was György Réthey, a former Imperial cavalry officer who fought for Francis II Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania and leader of the last major uprising of the Hungarian nobility against the Habsburg dynasty (see Rákóczi's War for Independence). Both György Réthey and his brother János defected from Imperial service and commanded hussar regiments under Rákóczi. In 1706, György Réthey led 3,000 men on an infamous attack on Styria, designed to plunder and pillage the local populace. 92 villages, two towns, and several castles were burned during the raid. He also commanded his regiment at the Battle of Trencsén in 1708.

Ferenc Réthey, another eminent supporter of Rákóczi, was, amongst other activities, captain of the medieval Szécsény castle (which was destroyed after the uprising), captain of Sirok castle and, towards the end of his career, captain of Eger fortress and Heves County. On 8 December 1710 Ferenc Réthey and Miklós Perényi capitulated Eger to the Habsburg field-marshal Count Johann Pálffy. It is unclear how closely Ferenc Réthey was related to György Réthey, as prior to the 19th century members of Reca nobility often used only their predicate of "Réthey" or "de Réthe" (meaning 'of Reca') in correspondence and identification, and not their original family names which distinguish individual family lines.

László Dóka was főszolgabíró (Chief Constable) of Pozsony County from 1837 and deputy Judex Curiae Regi (the Lord Chief Justice of Hungary) in the first half of the 19th century, and Sándor Dóka was acting Governor of Pozsony County at the beginning of the 20th.

Marián Réthei Prikkel (1871-1925), a cleric, compiled the first substantial collection of Hungarian folk dances. He also published one of the first monographs on the important early medieval Hungarian manuscript, the Pray Codex.

Ferenc Réthey (1880-1952), a jurist and academic, was Count (Lord Lieutenant) of Moson County.

Richárd Pomichal (1951-2010), was a well-known and popular Hungarian writer, teacher and biologist, who published widely on the ecology of the Csallóköz (Rye Island, Inselschutt) region, as well as writing on Hungarian history and the effects of the Trianon Treaty.

István Pomichal (1965, Reca), an agriculturalist, is a member of parliament and the autonomous Bratislava region for the Party of the Hungarian Coalition, a party for the Hungarian minority in Slovakia Pomichal's pedigree cattle, bred on an estate in Tomášov, has won a number of national and international gold prizes in Slovakia and Hungary.

Historical descriptions

Matthias Bel: The inhabitants are Hungarians, and not rustics: indeed, they are people both of noble birth and character (manners). They bread they eat is excellent and hospitality takes the first place there. They are proud of their ample herds and satisfied with the fruit of their farming.

Vályi, András (1796): Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County. Lord County Pálffy is the greatest landowner. The inhabitants are Catholics and Protestants, and the village is occupied by a number of nobles. It is half a mile from Puszta Födémes. The burghers of Bratislava send their young children to the village to learn the Hungarian language.

Fényes, Elek (1851): Réthe, a populous Hungarian village in Bratislava Castle County, one hour east of Szencz. 491 Catholics, 49 Evangelical, 337 Reformed, 149 Jews. With a Reformed and Catholic church, and a synagogue. Large limits boundaries and beautiful expanse of fertile meadows, vast pastures, famous for sheep and cattle market. Many landowning nobles. One street leads to Cseklesz.

Liszka, József (2003): The squires of Reca formed an individual group in the Matyusfold region. This social class of the village, which consisted of both Reformed and Catholics, was wealthier than the average. Their wealth was clear because their dwellings looked like manor houses, they employed liveried coachmen and they sent their children to schools in Bratislava from the 19th century. Reca noble families were also distinctive for their behaviour and mentality. "The necessary honourable elegance and a keeping of a certain distance" remained alive even after there was no longer any justification of property, i.e. in the second half of the 20th century.

References in popular culture

Reca is the setting for the epic Hungarian film Rákóczi hadnagya (1954), or "Rákóczi's Lieutenant" in English. The heroic officer in the film, Lieutenant János Bornemissza, is driven by his "patriotism to Hungary and love for the beautiful Anna Bíró from Reca". When Reca falls into labanc hands Anna is imprisoned and only rescued by Bornemissza at the end of the film.

References

  1. "Hustota obyvateľstva - obce [om7014rr_ukaz: Rozloha (Štvorcový meter)]". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  2. ^ "Základná charakteristika". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  3. "Počet obyvateľov podľa pohlavia - obce (ročne)". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  4. http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/Obyvatelstvo/tabulky/pocet_obyvatelov/2012/poc_obyv_2012.pdf Archived 2013-11-14 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Liszka, József: Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku, Komarno - Dunajska Streda 2003
  6. Korabinsky, Johann Matthias: Geographish-Historisches und Produkten Lexikon von Ungarn, Pressburg 1786: "Wird von Edelleuten bewohnt", p. 602
  7. Battle of White Mountain
  8. Zbirkova, Viera: Reca: Ceski bratia v Reci koncom 17. a na zaciatku 18. storocia (Bratislava, 1996)
  9. Bukovszky, László: Mátyusföld II: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig, Komárom, 2005
  10. "RadixIndex : Helyek : Rete".
  11. "Felvidék 1947 Egyesület". Archived from the original on 2008-10-02. Retrieved 2012-09-16.
  12. Teleki, József Count de Szék: Hunyadiak Kora: Magyarországon (Pest, 1863) p. 199
  13. Bukovszky, László: Mátyusföld II.: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig, Komarom 2005
  14. Bukovszky, László: Matyusfold II.: Egy régió története a XI. századtól 1945-ig, Komárom, 2005
  15. Hlavackova, Miriam. Kapitula pri Dóme sv. Martina - intelektuálne centrum Bratislavy v 15. storočí (Bratislava, 2008)
  16. Lehotzky, Andreas: Stemmatographia Nobilium Familiarum Regni Hungariae, etc., Posonii 1796, p. 203
  17. "Tárhely és domain regisztrálás olcsón - Cweb.hu™ - Tárhely - Domain".
  18. Hengelmuller, Ladislas Baron von Hengervar: Hungary's Fight for National Existence, London 1913, p. 299
  19. Az Egri Múzeum évkönyve: Dobó István Vármúzeum, 1963, p. 287
  20. "A Pallas nagy lexikona".
  21. Dedek Crescens, Laszlo: Pozsony vármegye története, Budapest, 1904
  22. Liszka, József: Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku, Komarno - Dunajska Streda, 2003
  23. "Budapest Főváros Levéltára |".
  24. "Öngyilkos lett Pomichal Richárd | Új Szó Online". Archived from the original on 2012-03-11. Retrieved 2012-09-16.
  25. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2010-12-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  26. "37 - Pomichal István (Fél)". Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2010-08-09.
  27. Bel Matthias: Notitia Hungariae Novae, Partis Secundae, Cis-Danubiane, Tomus Secundus (1736), p. 189
  28. Vályi András. Magyar Országnak leírása (1796): http://www.arcanum.hu/fszek/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=main-hit-h.htm&2.0 Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
  29. Fényes, Elek (1851). Magyarország geographiai szótára (in Hungarian).
  30. Liszka, J: Narodopis Madarov na Slovensku (2003, Komárom - Dunaszerdahely), p. 231 mek.oszk.hu/01600/01607/01607.pdf
  31. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046259/ and http://port.hu/pls/fi/films.film_page?i_film_id=10049

External links

Municipalities of Senec District
Slovakia
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