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⚫ {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
⚫ '''Bertha Harmer''' (born 2 March 1885, ], ], ] – died 14 December 1934) was a ] nurse, writer and educator. Harmer graduated from the Toronto General Hospital (TGH) in 1913.
{{infobox person
|birth_place=], Canada
|birth_date={{Birth date|1885|03|02|df=yes}}
|death_place=], Canada
|death_date={{death date and age|1934|12|14|1885|3|2|df=y}}
|occupation=nurse, writer and educator
|nationality=Canadian
}}
⚫ '''Bertha Harmer''' (2 March 1885 – 14 December 1934) was a ] nurse, writer and educator, known for writing the textbook ''Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing''.{{r|hnn}}


Harmer was born in ], the daughter of a railway carpenter. After finishing high school and working for several years,{{r|aahn}}
==United States==
she earned a nursing degree from the Toronto General Hospital in 1913,{{r|hnn}}
She garnered attention for her ''Text-Book of the Principles and Practice of Nursing'' (published by ]), which she wrote. The book first appeared in April 1922 while Harmer was teaching at St. Luke's Hospital Training School for Nurses in ]. The 2nd edition appeared six years later.
and a bachelor's degree in administration and teaching from ] in ] in 1915.{{r|aahn}}


Harmer was named Assistant Professor at ]'s School of Nursing and as First Assistant Superintendent of Nurses at the New Haven Hospital in Connecticut. In 1922, as a nursing teacher at St. Luke's Hospital Training School for Nurses in New York, Harmer published the first edition of her textbook. She joined the faculty of the ] in 1923, and remained there until 1927;{{r|aahn}} at Yale, she was also First Assistant Superintendent of Nurses at the New Haven Hospital in Connecticut.{{r|hnn|aahn}} During this time she also published a second book, ''Methods and Principles of Teaching the Practice of Nursing''.{{r|aahn}}


She left her position at Yale in 1927 for health reasons, but returned to Teachers College where she earned a master's degree.{{r|aahn}}
==Return to Canada==
In 1928 she moved to ] in ], where she became director of McGill's nursing school.{{r|hnn|mcgill}}
She left these positions {{When|date=February 2011}} and moved to ], where she was named Director of the School for Graduate Nurses at . She remained until she was forced to retire due to poor health in 1934, the same year she died.
At McGill, in the height of the ], she had to work hard to prevent the school from closing.{{r|aahn|kerr}}
By 1934 her health had again become a problem for her; she resigned from McGill, and died that year.{{r|hnn|aahn}}


She revised her book twice, publishing a second edition in 1928 and a third edition in 1934.{{r|hnn}}
The third edition of her book was the last to appear under her name alone. It was published in July 1934, five months before Harmer's death. Christena Wallace (TGH/1922) who was Harmer's nurse around that time recalled Harmer editing the book and conferring with the publisher despite her the dire state of her health. Wallace claimed, as well, that Harmer's book was so popular that ], the publishing company, did not want to remove her name fearing a decrease in sales. Therefore the 4th and 5th editions, which were printed in 1939 and 1955, respectively, kept Harmer's name and added ] as a co-author/co-editor.<ref></ref><ref></ref>
Its publisher, Macmillan, published fourth and fifth editions in 1939 and 1955, adding Virginia Henderson as a second author but keeping Harmer's name because of the popularity of the book.{{r|hnn}}

==Death==
Bertha Harmer died on 14 December 1934, aged only 49. She was interred in her family's plot in Mount Pleasant Cemetery, ].

==Sources==
*"Remembering Bertha Harmer", ''History of Nursing News'', volume 8, page 8 (March 1998)


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<references/>
==External links==
*
*
*


<ref name=aahn>{{citation|url=http://www.aahn.org/gravesites/harmer.html|title=Bertha Harmer 1880–1934|publisher=American Association for the History of Nursing|accessdate=27 December 2017}}</ref>


<ref name=hnn>{{citation
⚫ {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2011}}
| date = March 1998
| journal = History of Nursing News
| page = 8
| title = Remembering Bertha Harmer
| url = https://allemang.on.ca/bulletins/22feb99.html
| volume = 8
| access-date = 28 December 2017
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192706/http://www.allemang.on.ca/bulletins/22feb99.html
| archive-date = 3 March 2016
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>


<ref name=kerr>{{citation
⚫ {{Authority control|VIAF=52089072}}
| last = Kerr | first = J. R.
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->
| date = April 1988
| NAME = Harmer, Bertha
| issue = 2
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| journal = Journal of Nursing History
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| pages = 6–21
| DATE OF BIRTH = 2 March 1885
| pmid = 11621553
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| title = Bertha Harmer and McGill University nurses fight to forestall closure of the School for Graduate Nurses during the depression
| DATE OF DEATH = 14 December 1934
| volume = 3}}</ref>
| PLACE OF DEATH =

<ref name=mcgill>{{citation|url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/resources/guide/vol1/rg64.htm|title= Nursing|publisher=McGill University Archives|accessdate=27 December 2017}}</ref>
}} }}

⚫ {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Harmer, Bertha}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Harmer, Bertha}}
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Latest revision as of 18:49, 9 February 2024

Bertha Harmer
Born(1885-03-02)2 March 1885
Port Hope, Ontario, Canada
Died14 December 1934(1934-12-14) (aged 49)
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
NationalityCanadian
Occupation(s)nurse, writer and educator

Bertha Harmer (2 March 1885 – 14 December 1934) was a Canadian nurse, writer and educator, known for writing the textbook Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing.

Harmer was born in Port Hope, Ontario, the daughter of a railway carpenter. After finishing high school and working for several years, she earned a nursing degree from the Toronto General Hospital in 1913, and a bachelor's degree in administration and teaching from Teachers College, Columbia University in New York City in 1915.

In 1922, as a nursing teacher at St. Luke's Hospital Training School for Nurses in New York, Harmer published the first edition of her textbook. She joined the faculty of the Yale School of Nursing in 1923, and remained there until 1927; at Yale, she was also First Assistant Superintendent of Nurses at the New Haven Hospital in Connecticut. During this time she also published a second book, Methods and Principles of Teaching the Practice of Nursing.

She left her position at Yale in 1927 for health reasons, but returned to Teachers College where she earned a master's degree. In 1928 she moved to McGill University in Montreal, where she became director of McGill's nursing school. At McGill, in the height of the Great Depression, she had to work hard to prevent the school from closing. By 1934 her health had again become a problem for her; she resigned from McGill, and died that year.

She revised her book twice, publishing a second edition in 1928 and a third edition in 1934. Its publisher, Macmillan, published fourth and fifth editions in 1939 and 1955, adding Virginia Henderson as a second author but keeping Harmer's name because of the popularity of the book.

References

  1. ^ "Remembering Bertha Harmer", History of Nursing News, 8: 8, March 1998, archived from the original on 3 March 2016, retrieved 28 December 2017
  2. ^ Bertha Harmer 1880–1934, American Association for the History of Nursing, retrieved 27 December 2017
  3. Nursing, McGill University Archives, retrieved 27 December 2017
  4. Kerr, J. R. (April 1988), "Bertha Harmer and McGill University nurses fight to forestall closure of the School for Graduate Nurses during the depression", Journal of Nursing History, 3 (2): 6–21, PMID 11621553
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