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{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name = Thalassery | | name = Thalassery | ||
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| other_name = Tellicherry | ||
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| nickname = | ||
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| settlement_type = City | ||
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| image_skyline = Thalassery Montage.jpg | ||
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| image_alt = Thalassery Montage | ||
| image_caption = Clockwise from top: statue of ], ], ], ], ], Thalassery spice market, a cannon inside ], ] | |||
| image_alt = | |||
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| image_map = | ||
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| map_alt = | ||
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| map_caption = | ||
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| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India#Asia#Earth | ||
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| pushpin_label_position = left | ||
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| pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| pushpin_map_caption = Thalassery (]) | |||
| pushpin_label_position = | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|11|44|56.8|N|75|29|20.4|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| pushpin_map_alt = | |||
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| subdivision_type = ] | ||
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
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| subdivision_type1 = ] | ||
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| subdivision_type2 = ] | ||
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| subdivision_name1 = ] | ||
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| subdivision_name2 = ] | ||
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| established_title = Municipality | ||
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| established_date = 1 November 1866 | ||
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| founder = | ||
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| named_for = | ||
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| government_type = Municipality | ||
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| governing_body = Thalassery Municipality | ||
| leader_title = Municipal Chairman | |||
| subdivision_type1 = ] | |||
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| leader_name = Jamunarani | ||
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| leader_title1 = Member of ] | ||
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| leader_name1 = | ||
| leader_title2 = Member of ] | |||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
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| leader_name2 = ] | ||
| leader_title3 = ] | |||
| founder = | |||
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| leader_name3 = V. Suresh | ||
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| unit_pref = Metric | ||
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| area_footnotes = | ||
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| area_total_km2 = 23.96 | ||
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| area_rank = | ||
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| elevation_footnotes = | ||
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| elevation_m = 33.02 | ||
| population_total = 92,558<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> | |||
| area_rank = | |||
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| population_as_of = 2011 | ||
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| population_footnotes = | ||
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| population_density_km2 = | ||
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| population_rank = | ||
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| population_demonym = Thalasserikaran | ||
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| demographics_type1 = ]s | ||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| population_density_km2 = 4148 | |||
| timezone1 = ] | |||
| population_demonym = | |||
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| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type = ] | |||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
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| postal_code = 6701xx | ||
| area_code = +91490xxxxxxx | |||
| demographics1_info1 = ], ] | |||
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| area_code_type = ] code | ||
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| registration_plate = KL-58 | ||
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| blank1_name_sec1 = ] | ||
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| blank1_info_sec1 = 1000:1125 ]/] | ||
| website = {{URL|www.thalasserymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in|Thalasserymunicipality}} | |||
| area_code_type = Telephone code | |||
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| footnotes = | ||
| demographics1_info1 = ], ] | |||
| registration_plate = KL 58 - | |||
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| blank2_name_sec1 = ] constituency | ||
| blank2_info_sec1 = ] | |||
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1000:1125 ]/] | |||
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| blank3_name_sec1 = ] constituency | ||
| blank3_info_sec1 = ] | |||
| blank2_info_sec1 = Vadakara | |||
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| official_name = TLY | ||
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| native_name = | ||
| population_urban_footnotes = | |||
| website = {{URL|www.thalasserymunicipality.in}} | |||
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| motto = | ||
| area_metro_km2 = | |||
| population_metro = | |||
| leader_name4 = | |||
| leader_title4 = | |||
| area_metro_footnotes = | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Thalassery''' ({{IPA|ml|t̪ɐlɐʃ(ː)eːɾi|lang|Thalassery-pronunciation.ogg}}), formerly '''Tellicherry''',<ref>. '']''. 12 February 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2015.</ref> is a municipality and commercial city on the ] in ] in the state of ], India, bordered by the ] of ], ], ], ] and ]. Thalassery municipality has a population of just under 100,000 as of 2011 ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ |title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |website=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> Thalassery Heritage City has an area of {{convert|23.98|km2}}. Thalassery has an altitude ranging from {{convert|2.5 to 30|m}} above mean sea-level. It is located 25 km (15 mi) from ], 15 km (10 mi) from ] and 22 km (13 mi) from ]. | |||
'''Thalassery''' ({{IPA-ml|t̪alaʃeɾi|IPA|Thalassery-pronunciation.ogg}} {{lang-ml|തലശ്ശേരി}}), also known as '''Tellicherry''', is a city on the ] of ], ]. This is the second largest city of ] in terms of population. | |||
Tellicherry municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in City act 1850)<ref name="Ref1">{{cite web |url=http://www.lawmin.nic.in/chronology.doc |title=CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF CENTRAL ACTS (Updated up to 17-10-2014) |website=Lawmin.nic.in |access-date=2016-08-07 |archive-date=7 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107091128/http://lawmin.nic.in/chronology.doc |url-status=dead }}</ref> of the ], making it the second oldest municipality in the state. At that time, the municipality was known as Tellicherry Commission and Tellicherry was the capital of ]. G. M. Ballard, the ] collector, was the first president of the municipal commission. A European barrister, A. F. Lamaral, would later become the first Chairman of Thalassery municipality.<ref name="munihistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.thalasserymunicipality.in/ml/history |title=ചരിത്രം | Thalassery Municipality |website=Thalasserymunicipality.in |access-date=2016-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808093022/http://www.thalasserymunicipality.in/ml/history |archive-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> Thalassery grew into a prominent place during European rule, due to its strategic geographic location.<ref name="history" /> Thalassery has played a significant historical, cultural, educational and commercial role in the history of India, especially during the colonial period. On 9 February 2014, Thalassery taluk was split in two<ref>{{cite news|title=Chandy inaugurates Iritty taluk|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/chandy-inaugurates-iritty-taluk/article5672227.ece|access-date=20 April 2014|newspaper=The Hindu|date=10 February 2014}}</ref> and ] taluk was formed. The northeastern hilly region of the former Thalassery Taluk, including ], Aralam, Ayyankunnu, ], and ], are within the ] Taluk area. | |||
The name Tellicherry is the anglicized form of Thalassery. The administration manual vol.2, 1885 of the erstwhile Madras Presidency, says as per the research in regional folklore, the name of Thalassery was Swetharanya pura<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Svetaketu</ref> <ref>http://www.thalassery.info/history.htm</ref>. The Upanishad Acharya Swethakethu took penance in this place and it is said that Lord Shiva danced ananda thandava here, hence the place known after the saint. Later as the place was the capital of North Malabar. The named coined as 'Thala' (Head) and 'Kacheri' (Office) meaning head of offices, hence Thalasseri. The place grew into a prominent place during European rule due to it's strategic geographic location.<ref>http://www.thalassery.info/history.htm</ref> | |||
==Etymology== | |||
Thalassery municipality has a population just less than 100,000.<ref></ref> Established in 1866, it is the second oldest municipality in the state. Possessing an area of 23.98 km<sup>2</sup>, Thalassery is a town strategically located on the western coast of Kannur district on the Malabar Coast of Kerala. It is 22 km from the district headquarters at Kannur. The town is situated between 11°44’N latitude and 75°26’E longitude, at an altitude ranging between 2.5m above the mean sea-level in the low-lying areas, to 30m above the mean sea-level in the higher regions. | |||
The name ''Thalassery'' likely originated from a combination of the ] words ''Thala'' (Head) and ''cheri'' (low lying settlement), meaning 'starting place of a settlement' or 'head of a settlement'. It could also have emerged from ''Talakkathe cheri'', a combination of ''Talakkathe'' (upper or north) and ''Cheri'' (settlement). | |||
The second volume of the 1885 administration manual of the former Madras Presidency cites, which includes information on the research of regional legends and folklore, indicates that the name ''Thalassery'' in ancient ] was Shwetaranyapura.<ref name="history">{{cite web|author=Team Thalassery |url=http://www.thalassery.info/history.htm |title=THALASSERY – History |website=Thalassery.info |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> | |||
== History == | |||
==Modern history== | |||
The ] established their presence in Kerala in 1682, when they obtained permission from the Vadakkilamkur Prince of ] to settle at Thalassery. In the following years, the British presence in the state of Kerala strengthened. During this period, there were many organised revolts held by the natives of the region against the empire. Among them was the revolt of 1704, organised by natives of Thalassery; this revolt was quickly crushed by the British forces due to its localised, non-nationalistic nature. | |||
{{Moresources|section|date=July 2023}} | |||
{{Main|History of Thalassery}} | |||
], and ], are marked as cities within the present-day state of ].]] | |||
] | |||
Thalassery was a trade hub where ], ], ], ], ], and ] traders had considerable influence in the spice market. | |||
After the annexation of Malabar from ] the British tried to call back the the Royal families and other major feudal lords back to Thalassery who had fled to Travancore (Trivandrum) during the invation of ] and ], but this move was heavily opposed by the local rulers. This along with heavy taxation and laws that curbed free movement resulted in uprising against British. There were innumerable uprising against British which caused heavy casualty to the British forces, thousands of their men were killed, but most of the resistances were defeated and crushed mercilessly by the massive British forces. Thalassery has a great legacy in resisting the foreign rule. Pazhassi Raja, was one of the prominent leaders who fought against the British. His war strategy had devastating effects on the British army. He was an expert in guerrilla warfare, one of the foremost adopter of this strategy and the leader of one of the earliest uprising against the British in India.<br /> | |||
===British influence in trade and commerce=== | |||
In the olden times Thalassery had a unique geographical advantage as it was in the border of both Chirakkal and Kadathanad Kingdom in north and south respectively and also in eastern area there was access to Wayanad. Gradually it became a trade area and a sea port was developed.It evolved as a commerce center mainly after 16th century. In 1704 the decendants of Udayamangalam Kingdom who were having enmity with the Raja of Chirakkal(Kolathiri)along with the local Madambi Kurungoth Nair attacked the trade centers of Thalassery. Kurungoth Nair demanded to pay tax and a share of commodities traded in Thalassery. These native uprising was neutralized by the British along with the nearby kingdoms. This prompted the British to request the Vadakkumkoor Kingdom to built a fort in Thalassery for the safety of their trade and commerce. The fort then was planned to be built in location owned by Ponnolil Mussad called Thiruvallappan kunnu in a few meters of proximity from the sea , the Raja of Kolathunad himself came for laying the foundation stone for the Thalassery fort. The Prince of Vadakkumkoor(Kolathunad) handed over the fort and adjoining land to The British on 20th August 1708. The fort was modified and extended by East India Company later. It was after the construction of fort Thalassery grew into a prominent trade center and a port in British Malabar. The British got the administrative authority over Malabar after the annexation of Malabar from ] in the Battle of Sreerangapatna. Thalassery thus became the capital of North British Malabar.<ref>http://www.thalassery.info/history.htm</ref> | |||
<br /> | |||
Due to its coastal location, the town of Thalassery was a major commercial centre during the British rule of India. During the British rule, the ] name Thalassery was anglicised into Tellichery. | |||
The British established a trading post and built a factory at Tellicherry in 1694, having gained permission from Vadakkalankur, the ] of the Raja of Kolathunad. They had already been trading on the ] for much of that century, buying pepper from merchants, and had established a similar post at ] ten years earlier.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Notes on the Colonial State with Reference to Malabar in the 18th and 19th Centuries |first=Bonaventure |last=Swai |journal=Social Scientist |volume=6 |issue=12 |date=July 1978 |pages=44–65 |doi=10.2307/3516674 |jstor=3516674 }}</ref> | |||
The British built a seaport in Thalassery through which a variety of spices such as ] and ] were exported. (Thalassery pepper, ground from locally grown pungent black peppercorns, is much sought after by chefs around the world). In 1708, the British built ] by the sea to protect and control the spice trade from the town. A ship wreckage of these merchant caravans is visible near the shore of Thalassery. | |||
In 1761, the British captured ], which lies adjacent to Thalassery, and the settlement was handed over to the ruler of ].<ref name="Mahe"/> The British restored ] to the French as a part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris.<ref name="Mahe"/> In 1779, the Anglo-French war broke out, resulting in the French loss of ].<ref name="Mahe"/> In 1783, the British agreed to restore to the French their settlements in India, and ] was handed over to the French in 1785.<ref name="Mahe">{{cite web|url=http://mahe.gov.in/mws/leftmenupages/history.html|title=History of Mahe|access-date=19 April 2021|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232052/http://mahe.gov.in/mws/leftmenupages/history.html|archive-date=30 December 2013}}</ref> | |||
''For the ship wrecked in 1806 see ]'' | |||
] variety. This is a product of ''Terre Exotique'', France.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terreexotique.fr/ |title=Terre Exotique – Épicerie fine en ligne |website=Terreexotique.fr |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref>]] | |||
The square fort, with its massive walls, secret tunnels to the sea, and huge, intricately carved doors, is an imposing structure. The fort, once the nucleus of Thalassery's development, is now an historical monument. In 1781, this fort was attacked unsuccessfully by the ruler and military commander of ], ]. | |||
After the annexation of Malabar, the British called upon Thalassery, the royal families and other major Nair and Namboothiri feudal lords to return, but this was heavily opposed by some local rulers. Along with heavy taxation and laws that curbed free movement, the appeal resulted in multiple uprisings against the British with heavy casualties to British forces. Thousands of soldiers were killed, but the resistance was eventually defeated. | |||
The British also established the district judicial court in Thalassery 200 years ago in 1802. <ref>http://districtcourtbarassociationthalasserry.com/thalassery_court.php</ref>. H.Clephen was the First Judge of the Zilla Court. During the British rule, jurisdiction of Thalassery Court extended up to ]. | |||
] | |||
One of the popular tourist spots in the town, ], was built by E. N. Overbury a local British judge in the 1870s. | |||
== |
==Geography== | ||
] | |||
Thalassery is in ]. The palm-fringed terrain of Thalassery has a scenic coastline and features four rivers, canals and hills with orange-hued rock. One of the four rivers is the ] (] river). During the ], the Mahé River was nicknamed the ], because it separated British-ruled Thalassery from French-ruled ]. ], a 5 km long Drive in beach{{clarify|date=November 2012}}, in fact it's the only Drive in beach in Asia, is located within 6 km of the city centre. | |||
Thalassery lies on the west coast of the ], in the northern part of ]. The city has Dharmadam Panchayat in the north, Eranholi and Kodiyeri in the east New Mahe in the south and the ] on the west. The palm-fringed terrain has a scenic coastline and features four rivers, canals and hills with orange-hued rock. One of the four rivers is the ] (Mayyazhipuzha). During the ], the Mahe River was nicknamed the ] because it separated British-ruled Thalassery from French-ruled ]. Other rivers are Kuyyali River, Ummanchira River and ]. ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://maps.google.co.in/maps?q=muzhappilangad+beach&ie=UTF-8&hl=en |title=Google Maps |website=Maps.google.co.in |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> the sole beach where driving is possible in Kerala (with a 4 km long drivable area),<ref>. '']''. (12 November 2012).</ref> is located within 6 km from the downtown part of Thalassery. | |||
===Climate=== | |||
Thalassery experiences a ] under the ]. The ] starts in June as the ] first hits the coastal ] and continues until the end of September. A brief pre-monsoon ] occurs sometime during April. Precipitation from the ] sets in during the second half of October through November. | |||
Unlike southern Kerala, the region of Thalassery does not have lagoons, although many rivers flow through it. Thalassery however has a large area of mangroves, which is now being protected. The coast has no delta formation. The coastal plain is only a few kilometres in width and is bordered by highlands. The north of Thalassery is Dharmadam, an island area surrounded by two rivers and the sea. On the eastern side, hilly areas start from Kuthuparamba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/malabar-coast |title=Malabar Coast – India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia |publisher=India Environment Portal |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terrestrial-biozones.net/Paleotropic%20BioProvinces/Malabar%20BioProvince.html |title=Malabar Biodiversity |website=Terrestrial-biozones.net |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> | |||
{{Weather box | |||
|location = Thalassery | |||
|metric first = Y | |||
|single line = yes | |||
|year record high F = 110 | |||
|Jan high C = 32.2 | |||
|Feb high C = 32.6 | |||
|Mar high C = 33.3 | |||
|Apr high C = 33.5 | |||
|May high C = 32.8 | |||
|Jun high C = 30.1 | |||
|Jul high C = 29 | |||
|Aug high C = 29.2 | |||
|Sep high C = 30.2 | |||
|Oct high C = 31 | |||
|Nov high C = 31.9 | |||
|Dec high C = 32.1 | |||
|Jan low C = 22.9 | |||
|Feb low C = 23.8 | |||
|Mar low C = 25.5 | |||
|Apr low C = 26.3 | |||
|May low C = 26 | |||
|Jun low C = 24.4 | |||
|Jul low C = 23.7 | |||
|Aug low C = 23.9 | |||
|Sep low C = 24.2 | |||
|Oct low C = 24.2 | |||
|Nov low C = 24.1 | |||
|Dec low C = 22.8 | |||
|Jan rain mm = 7.6 | |||
|Feb rain mm = 0.4 | |||
|Mar rain mm = 7.7 | |||
|Apr rain mm = 28 | |||
|May rain mm = 86.1 | |||
|Jun rain mm = 408.2 | |||
|Jul rain mm = 455.1 | |||
|Aug rain mm = 194.4 | |||
|Sep rain mm = 66.2 | |||
|Oct rain mm = 161.7 | |||
|Nov rain mm = 63.4 | |||
|Dec rain mm = 9.2 | |||
|rain colour = green | |||
|source 1 = WWO<ref name= WMO >{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Thalassery-weather-averages/Kerala/IN.aspx | title = Thalassery | accessdate =2 August 2012 | |||
| publisher = World Weather Online}}</ref> | |||
|date=August 2012 | |||
}} | |||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
As of the 2001 India census,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Thalassery had a population of 92,558, making it Kerala's eighth largest city in population. Males constituted 47% of the population and females 53%. The city had an average literacy rate of 86%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Both male and female literacy were 86%. In Thalassery, 10% of the population were under 6 years of age. | |||
] | |||
{{As of|2001}} India ],<ref>{{GR|India}}</ref> Thalassery has a population of 99,386, making it the 8th largest city of Kerala in terms of population. Males constitute 47% of the population and females 53%. Thalassery has an average literacy rate of 86%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 86%, and female literacy is 86%. In Thalassery, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. The Thalassery urban agglomeration is considered as consisting of the Thalassery municipality and panchayaths of ], ], ], ], ] and ] with a present population of around 200,000. | |||
The Thalassery urban agglomeration consists of the Thalassery municipality and panchayaths of ], ], ], ], ] and ] with a present population of around 300,000. | |||
== Thalassery Assembly Constituency == | |||
The Thalassery assembly constituency consists of Thalassery Municipality and four neighboring Panchayats namely ], ], ] and ]. ] has been excluded from Thalassery recently, becoming a separate constituency. | |||
Hindus made up 61.37% of the population, followed by Muslims (34.30%), and Christians (3.64%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> | |||
== Culture== | |||
The regional culture was heavily influenced and by the British; a huge number of people migrated to Travancore during ]'s invation was another factor,resulting in lesser social discrepancies between upper and lower casts between 18th century to mid 20th century. The economic strength was largely increased to to middle-east migration.<br /> | |||
] | |||
''' Kalari Payattu ''' | |||
One of the prominent area of Kalari payattu in Kerala. Kalari Payattu was banned by the British which had a revival after a resurgence of public interest from Thalassery in 1920. Thalassery is one of the major centers of vadakkan kalari.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Kalaripayattu</ref> | |||
] | |||
] | |||
<br /> | |||
Thalassery is known as the political and cultural capital of modern malabar. Its the centre of progressive political and literary movements. In the colonial era itself Thalassery was the centre of learning in north Kerala. The first Malayalam newspapers, novels and short stories in Malayalam were born here. Earlier, the well known romantic poem in Malayalam, "Veenapoovu" (Fallen Flower) of Kumaran Asan was published from Thalassery. It's also the birthplace of the Communist movement in Kerala. Thalassery has a composite cosmopolitan culture. Rajya Samacharam, the first Malayalam newspaper, was published from Thalassery.<ref>http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2005021101990300.htm&date=2005/02/11/&prd=fr&</ref> | |||
==Culture== | |||
Thalassery is at times referred to as the city of 3 C's, namely] (where Indians first played cricket), ]s and ]es.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}} | |||
{{Moresources|section|date=July 2023}} | |||
{{Main|Culture of Thalassery}} | |||
Thalassery is nicknamed the city of three Cs -- Cake, Cricket and Circus. The first bakery in Kerala was established in the city and cricket was first played in India here. The British had considerable impact on local culture. As an ancient trade center, the trading and business relations that existed with the Europeans and the Arabs brought people and ideas from many other lands. The European ] and the educational reforms they brought played an important role in transforming society. | |||
] | |||
Thalassery is considered to be the birthplace of the Indian Circus.{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} ], born in the city,<ref name=Keeleri/> is known as "the father of Kerala Circus".<ref name=KeeleriLegend/> Circus artists and coaches from Thalassery are very much in demand.{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} India's premier Circus Academy was inaugurated in Thalassery.{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} | |||
The Government of Kerala has included Thalassery in its heritage city project. The project includes the preservation of historical structures.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.keralatourism.org/news/206/thalassery-heritage-circuit |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 October 2010 |archive-date=23 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823021130/https://www.keralatourism.org/news/206/thalassery-heritage-circuit |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kannuruniversity.ac.in/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D155%26Itemid%3D134 |title=Thalassery Campus, Palayad |access-date=2013-05-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530021507/http://kannuruniversity.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=155&Itemid=134 |archive-date=30 May 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Celebrating the culinary legacy of Thalassery|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/celebrating-the-culinary-legacy-of-thalassery/article13374820.ece|access-date=25 September 2018|newspaper=The Hindu|date=21 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Thalassery serves a slice of its history|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/thalassery-serves-a-slice-of-its-history/article13377668.ece|access-date=27 September 2018|newspaper=The Hindu|date=23 January 2012}}</ref> | |||
Older houses in Thalassery have traditional Kerala architecture, usually large houses with wide ]s and solid wooden doors. Each house invariably has coconut trees, jackfruit, and perhaps papaya, and/or mango trees. The many idyllic suburbs are well defined by the rivers and canals that flow past. | |||
] (a blend of Arabian, Persian, Indian and European styles of cooking) is popular around the world. Thalassery biryani is popular as an ethnic brand, and Tellicherry pepper is also used in Europe. | |||
Painting and sculpture exhibitions are frequently held at the ] art gallery located in Keezhantimukk, Thiruvangad. | |||
Since long ago Thalassery residents, like other Keralites, have gone abroad, or all over India, in search of work, and to seek their fortunes. It is quite common to find one or more persons from each household living overseas or in other states. This has led to a somewhat dependent money-order economy. It is a matter of concern for the residents on how to diversify and have a self-sustainable and independent local economy.<ref>cousin</ref> | |||
Thalassery is also famous for its cuisine, the Thalassery biryani is famous for its distinguishing taste. The influence of Arabian culture is evident in Thalassery dishes. | |||
===Heritage City=== | |||
The Government of Kerala declared Thalassery a heritage city. A Rs.200 crore project for Thalassery Heritage Tourism Circuit has been announced by the Department of Tourism, Govt.of Kerala. With heritage conservation as the main aim, the new circuit would cover the heritage sites such as the Thalassery Fort, the Sree Rama Temple at Thiruvangad, St. John's Anglican Church, Arakkal Kettu, Jagannatha Temple, Thalassery Pier, Ezhimala Fort, Madayi and Neeliyar Fort, the Annapoorna Temple, Thrichambaram Temple, Sree Rajarajeswari Temple at Thalipparambu, Kanjirangad Temple, Thrikkaikkunnam Temple, Soorya Narayana Temple, Perlasserry Temple, Makreri Temple, Thiruvattoor Temple, Nadal Oorparassikkavu, Thrikkaikunnu Temple, Dharmadam Andaloorkkavu, Thodeekkulam Temple, various mosques in the Arakkal area and the Kakkulangara Mosque. | |||
] | |||
The project also includes the preservation of the residence of Herman Gundert, the home of renowned communist leader Late A.K. Gopalan at Perlasserry, the historical monuments in ] area and the handloom village at ]. A museum of traditional arts in Thalassery is also envisaged in the project.<ref>http://www.keralatourism.org/news/206/thalassery-heritage-circuit</ref><br /> | |||
Thalassery has a rich heritage of educational institutions. Many schools and colleges were started by christian missionaries and the British. English literacy of natives were greatly improved due to involvement of these institutions. The schools provided admission to students irrespective of caste and religion. Thalassery is home to one of the campus of Kannur University.<ref>http://www.kannuruniversity.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=155&Itemid=134</ref> | |||
<br /> | |||
It should be well worthy to note that Thalassery was meant to be the headquarters of the new district that was formed in Kerala after independence. However the people of Thalassery were courtious enough to ask Kannur be the headquarters as Thalassery was already a high population density town and Kannur had more opportunity to develop as there were lot of freely available space in that time. | |||
<br /> | |||
===Theyyam=== | |||
==Religious Places== | |||
] (or Thirayattam) is a ritual performance art form<ref>{{cite web|title=The Science of "Theyyam" |url=http://www.theyyamcalendar.com/history/thaiparadevatha |publisher=theyyamcalendar |access-date=28 July 2013 |year=2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927171018/http://www.theyyamcalendar.com/history/thaiparadevatha |archive-date=27 September 2013 }}</ref> that depict the cultural heritage of North Malabar, especially of ancient ]. Theyyam depicts ], ] and other deities and cultural heroes. The drama is enacted based on ancient stories and the language used is "Tottam pattu", a primitive form of Malayalam. Theyyam shows the Buddhist influence from centuries ago. Theyyam is usually held from October to May every year. The colour of Theyyam, is typically red. ], a reporter and prophet endowed with supernatural powers in Veriyatal is described in the ] 500 CE. It could have been a tribal ritual art which evolved under Buddhism and the Brahminic revival of Hinduism. This art form is called, variously, "Kaliyattom" or "Theyyam" or "Tirayattom", depending on the locality.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Theyyam|url=http://www.keralatourism.org/bekal/theyyam-history.php|publisher=Kerala Tourism|access-date=28 July 2013|year=2012}}</ref> | |||
==Literature and journalism== | |||
===Sree Jagannath Temple=== | |||
{{Moresources|section|date=July 2023}} | |||
Sree Gnanodayayogam, the prominent social organisation of North Malabar and the governing body of Sree Jagannath Temple, Thalassery, was consecrated in 1908 by his Holiness Sree ], in light of centennial celebrations. Sree Varadur Kunhi Kannan visited Guru Dev in December 1904 and suggested that Thiyya Community should have a Temple at Thalassery. Sree Narayana Guru Dev allowed Varadur to invite ] as his representative, and to convene meetings with citizens to ascertain the feasibility of a Temple for the community. Kumaran Asan, who was residing in Bangalore, accepted the invitation, and on his arrival the first meeting was convened at ‘Parambath House’ of Sree Cheruvari Shirastadar on 9 July 1905.The temple is open to people of all casts; during the period where there was huge caste discremination prevelant in the society. | |||
The first Malayalam short story ] was written by ] in Thalassery. ], the first major Malayalam novel was published from Thalassery. ], the poem by ] was also published from Thalassery. Thinker and orator ] spent a lifetime in Thalassery. Thalassery is also home to writer ]. Actor and screenwriter ] hails from Thalassery. | |||
] | |||
] was said to be fluent in ], ] and ]. He is remembered for his 1887 guide to the ], popularly known as the ''Malabar Manual''. | |||
===Sree Andaloor Kavu=== | |||
Andaloor kavu is well known for the variety of theyyams, the ancient ritual of North-Kerala. It is believed to be the early Buddhist shrine in Kerala. During the festival season the entire Dharmadam village accepts vegetarian diet, they purchase new utensils, clothes and paint their homes. Everyone will be accepted as guests at homes in Dharmadam during the temple feast season, which is also the festival of the village. The guests will be cordially treated with rice flakes and plantains. Villoppikkal (presentation of arrow), meyyalu koodal, kuluthattal etc. are some the rituals performed by the men of the village.<ref>http://andalurkavu.com/index.html</ref> | |||
] and Paschimodayam (the first two Malayalam newspapers) were published from Illikunnu, Nettoor in Tellicherry in 1847 by ], who was the editor of the journal and was a religious propagator from the ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Gundert was foster father of Malayalam, says MGS|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kozhikode/gundert-was-foster-father-of-malayalam-says-mgs/article8186281.ece|access-date=19 September 2018|newspaper=The Hindu|date=3 February 2016}}</ref> Rajyasamacharam started publishing from Illikkunnu in Thalassery City. | |||
===Odathil Palli=== | |||
In the heart of Thalassery stands the 200-year-old | |||
] and the Garden Mosque. The site of the Odathil Palli used to be a sugarcane garden of the Dutch. It changed hands to the British-owned East India Company. Odathil Palli is a destination that tourists and travelers come to see. The highlights of Odathil Palli are that it has the typical Kerala architecture, and it is in the heart of Tellicherry. The crown on the roof is made of gold. The mosque is still in use for worship today. | |||
==Circus== | |||
===Thiruvangad Sree Ramaswami Temple=== | |||
Vishnu Pant Chhatre's Great Indian Circus, established in 1880 in Bombay, was the first circus establishment in India. A tour of Thalassery led to the meeting of Chhatre with ], a martial arts trainer.{{sfn|Menon|2007|p=436}} Keeleri Kunjikannan established the first dedicated circus school in India in 1901. He is known as "the father of Kerala Circus". A circus academy was inaugurated in Thalassery in 2010.<ref>{{cite news|title=Circus is trying to regain its lost sheen in Thalassery|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-08-17/news/27572035_1_indian-circus-cinema-hall-academy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928193028/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-08-17/news/27572035_1_indian-circus-cinema-hall-academy|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 September 2013|access-date=11 September 2013|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=17 August 2010}}</ref> | |||
] is a temple dedicated to the Lord ], located in Thiruvangad, Thalassery. It is one of the four important temples dedicated to Lord Sree Rama in Kerala. The other three are at ], Thiruvilluamala and Kadalur. It is Located on an elevated plot of 2.75 hectares with an adjoining temple tank known as Chira which extends over an area of one hectare. This temple has excellent wood carvings, terracota art work, mural paintings carved on wooden planks in the ceilings. | |||
== |
==Cuisine== | ||
{{Main|Thalassery cuisine}} | |||
<!-- The picture is moved back to cuisine section --> | |||
] | |||
]]] | |||
Thalassery is known for its ] (in local dialect, biri-yaa-ni)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mysingaporekitchen.com/2012/11/thalassery-biriyani.html |title=My Singapore Kitchen........: Thalassery Biriyani |access-date=4 July 2013|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055629/http://www.mysingaporekitchen.com/2012/11/thalassery-biriyani.html |archive-date=21 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Pandit to add might to Thalassery biryani|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2012/dec/11/pandit-to-add-might-to-thalassery-biryani-432906.html/article8186281.ece|access-date=19 September 2018|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=11 December 2012}}{{dead link|date=February 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Unlike other biriyani cuisines, ] uses ]/] rice instead of the usual ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://myexperimentswithfood.blogspot.in/2011_09_01_archive.html |title=My Experiments With Food |website=Myexperimentswithfood.blogspot.in |access-date=7 August 2016}}</ref> ]s such as {{transliteration|ml|mutaari kachiyatu}} (ragi porridge) are also popular.<ref name=cuisine1>{{cite news|title=Thalassery to Kochi via food|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/thalassery-to-kochi-via-food/article5397538.ece|access-date=17 December 2013|newspaper=The Hindu|date=27 November 2013}}</ref> | |||
===Cricket=== | |||
<!-- Deleted image removed: ] --> | |||
] | |||
The ], located close to the sea, hosts the ] ] matches quite often. Lord Arthur Wellesley is believed to have introduced this game in Kerala in the 18th century for the British soldiers who were garrisoned in the Tellichery Fort.<ref name="keralacricketonline.com"></ref> India's first Cricket Club, which was later renamed as the Town Cricket Club, was formed in 1860 at Tellichery.<ref name="keralacricketonline.com"/> The Tellichery Cricket ground was the hub of cricket activities those days. It has been reported that an exhibition match was conducted in this ground to raise funds during the ].<ref name="keralacricketonline.com"/> Famous English cricketer ]'s father was a tea planter in Thalassery and he used to play cricket in Thalassery during 1890s, and is credited to have laid a decent cricket pitch here, in the early 1900s. Colin Cowdrey played in Thalassery during the British regime. | |||
] | |||
Thalassery Cricket Ground celebrated its 200th birthday in 2002 by hosting a match between the former cricketers of India and ]. In 2008 a new stadium only for cricket was inaugurated in Conor Vayal near Venus Junction in Thalassery, as a project of the Kerala Cricket Association. | |||
The spice trade from the Malabar coast which began around 1500 BC is still active.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.spiceography.com/tellicherry-pepper/|title=Tellicherry Pepper: Black Pepper from the Malabar Coast|date=13 November 2017}}</ref> | |||
==Cricket== | |||
] | |||
In 1800, ] made Thalassery (then Tellicherry) his base. Wellesley and his colleagues played cricket in the town maidan, often watched by bystanders, who would help the English officers whenever they were short of players. They played were from the ] community and the fishermen who lived along the beach. In 1830, the Tellicherry Cricket Club (TCC) was formed. By the 1930s Thalassery had become a major cricket centre. Many teams used to visit the town for matches. The earliest record of a cricket match in Thalassery is a report in '']'' in 1890. It's about a match between Thalassery and the neighbouring town of Kannur.<ref>{{cite news|last=Radhakrishnan|first=M. G.|title=A coastal town in Kerala celebrates the bicentenary of its cricket tradition|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/offtrack/story/20020520-a-coastal-town-in-kerala-celebrates-the-bicentenary-of-its-cricket-tradition-795246-2002-05-20|access-date=27 November 2020|work=]|date=20 May 2002}}</ref> | |||
], located close to the sea, hosts ] ] matches quite often. Wellesley is believed to have introduced this game in Kerala in the 18th century for British soldiers garrisoned in the Tellichery Fort.<ref name="keralacricketonline.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.keralacricketonline.com |title=Welcome on server s4! |access-date=2010-10-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101014130705/http://www.keralacricketonline.com/ |archive-date=14 October 2010 }}</ref> India's first cricket club, which was later named the Town Cricket Club, was formed in 1850 at Tellichery by Wellesley.<ref name="keralacricketonline.com"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/sportsmain.htm |title=Official Website of Information And Public Relation Department of Kerala |website=Prd.kerala.gov.in |access-date=2016-08-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060428081830/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/sportsmain.htm |archive-date=28 April 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hindu.com/2002/03/31/stories/2002033104841800.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123082232/http://hindu.com/2002/03/31/stories/2002033104841800.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-01-23 |title=Thalassery celebrates a 'double century' |newspaper=] |date=2002-03-31 |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> The Tellichery Cricket ground was the hub of cricket activities during this period. An exhibition match was conducted in there to raise funds during the ].<ref name="keralacricketonline.com"/>{{better source needed|date=May 2019}} | |||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
{{Main article|List of educational institutions in Thalassery}} | |||
'''General Information:''' | |||
<!--DO NOT PROMOTE ANY SCHOOLS OR COLLEGES IN THIS PAGE. ANY SUCH ADVERTISEMENTS WILL BE REMOVED AS SUCH. EDIT WARS ARE NOT PROMOTED AND SUCH USERS WHO DELIBERATELY ADVERTISE MAY BE DELETED--> | |||
: | |||
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Thalassery is home to the ], founded in 1862, one of the oldest educational institutions in the region.<ref></ref> The Basel Evangelic Mission Parsy (B.E.M.P High school) is the first English Medium school set up in Thalassery. MES Bava Residential School is the first ] school set up in Thalassery. | |||
The educational renaissance of Malabar started from Thalassery due to the influence of European missionaries. ], founded in 1862, is one of the oldest educational institutions in India. | |||
'''Colleges:''' | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*Kannur University Thalassery Campus, Palayad | |||
*Medical College, Anjarakkanty | |||
*Co-Operative College of Nursing | |||
*Co-Operative College of Physiotherapy and para-medical sciences | |||
] Thalassery Campus is located at Palayad, 6 km north of Thalassery.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/dept_collegiate/list.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2008-07-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080810221656/http://www.kerala.gov.in/dept_collegiate/list.htm |archive-date=10 August 2008 }}</ref> The ] is an English Medium school (established 1856) in Malabar. Dr. ] was a tutor there. Kaikose Ruderasha, a ], donated funds to build the institute with the assistance of German missionaries.<ref>{{cite web|author=Team Thalassery |url=http://www.thalassery.info/education/bemp.htm |title=THALASSERY – Education – BEMP Higher Secondary school |website=Thalassery.info |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> | |||
'''Training Institutes:''' | |||
] | |||
*] | |||
*Sports Authority of India SAG Centre. | |||
*Kerala School of Fine Arts | |||
*Govt. Brennen College of Teacher Education | |||
*IHRD College of Applied Science | |||
*BKJM School of Nursing | |||
Other educational institutions include ] Centre, ], ], ], and ]. | |||
'''Higher Secondary Schools:''' | |||
: | |||
Higher secondary schools provide 10+2 pattern of education. After implementing this pattern by Government of Kerala, a decade ago most of the government schools provide the students to choose from various streams like Science, Commerce, Computer Science, Humanities etc... The first schools to provide 10+2 pattern at Thalassery is MES Bava Residential School which is affiliated to CBSE. | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*](B.E.M.P High School) | |||
*MES Bava Resedential School, Thiruvangad, Thalassery | |||
*Thiruvangad Girls Higher Secondary School, Thiruvangaad, Thalassery | |||
*Madrasathul Mubaraka Higher Secondary School(MMHSS) | |||
*Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Thalassery | |||
*Government Brennen Higher Secondary School, Thalassery | |||
== |
==Transport== | ||
] operates under the Palakkad Railway Division of the Southern Railway. It is a Class 'A' railway station. It is on the ] – ] line. No direct line connects Thalasery to Mysore, although a feasibility study for such a route was funded in 2013.<ref>. "]". (16 December 2013).</ref><ref>. '']''. (4 September 2012).</ref> | |||
] | |||
*Malabar Cancer Centre, Moozhikkara | |||
*Government General Hospital | |||
*Co-operative Hospital | |||
*Indiragandhi Co-operative Hospital,manjodi. | |||
*Josgiri Hospital | |||
*Mission Hospital | |||
*Santhosh Hospital | |||
*Tely Hospital | |||
*Kay paral Hospital | |||
*Shemi Hospital | |||
*Keerthi Hospital | |||
The nearest airport is ], located 24 km east from the town.<ref>. "]". (5 November 2018).</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kannurairport.org |title=Kannur Airport |access-date=2010-11-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127061215/http://www.kannurairport.org:80/ |archive-date=27 November 2010 }}</ref> ] 100 km, ] 170 km and ] 235 km could be alternate choices. | |||
==Commerce== | |||
Trade and Commerce in Thalassery is mainly in retail and whole sale industry. There is no sea port now. There is not much industries surrounding Thalassery except a few like Rubco. The international trade from Thalassery is now only a fraction of the trade that happened in the glorious past during the British. | |||
Kanyakumari-Mumbai ] passes through Thalassery. Kozhikode is 66 km from Thalassery. Mangalore is 150 km from Thalassery. Interstate highway, Thalassery-Coorg Road (]) is a major road linking Kerala to ] district of ] State. Interstate buses ply on this route in a frequency of one in an hour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keralapwd.gov.in |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721161422/http://www.keralapwd.gov.in/ |archive-date=21 July 2011 }}</ref> The hill stations ] in ] and ] in ] are 82 km away from the town. Regular buses to ], which is at a distance of 310 km from Thalassery, operate on a daily basis. | |||
==Transportation== | |||
The Thalassery-Mahe bypass, a six-lane highway inaugurated by Prime Minister ] in March 2024, significantly enhances connectivity between ] in ] district and Azhiyoor in ] district.<ref>{{cite news |title=Prime Minister inaugurates Thalassery-Mahe bypass, political showdown between LDF and BJP follows |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/prime-minister-inaugurates-thalassery-mahe-bypass-political-showdown-between-ldf-and-bjp-follows/article67939555.ece |access-date=21 August 2024 |publisher=The Hindu |date=11 March 2024}}</ref> | |||
===Railway station=== | |||
] is one of the major railway stations in Kerala under Palakkad Railway Division. It's an 'A' class railway station. | |||
It is one of the most revenue generating railway stations in Kerala. | |||
== |
==Tourism== | ||
{{Main|Tourist attractions in Thalassery}} | |||
Thalassery has three bus stations. Most of the buses operate from the New Bus Stand estd 1982. Buses to suburban areas operate from Town bus stand adjacent to the new bus stand vegetable market. A few suburban buses operate centering Old bus stand and all buses towards north halt at Old bus stand. KSRTC depot is located at Konor vayal, behind Thalassery Cricket stadium. Passengers to Bangalore, Thiruvanathapuram and ] make use of KSRTC bus station. Inter-state buses to ] and ] operate via New bus stand. Buses are available to Kudagu and Wayanad in a frequency of once in an hour and to Mysore in a frequency of once in three hours from New bus stand. Ticket reservation counters of Kerala RTC and Karnataka RTC (Online) are located in New bus stand complex. Private travel agencies, where you can book tickets to ] (Day&Night services), Coimbatore, Mumbai and Ernakulam, also function in New bus-stand complex. | |||
] | |||
The Thalassery carnival, the beach fest in Muzhappilangad beach and Dharmadam beach are notable attractions.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/muzhappilangad-beach-fest-from-april-12/article4605005.ece |title=Muzhappilangad beach fest from April 12 - KERALA |newspaper=] |date=2013-04-11 |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> The area's four rivers (Anjarakkandi, Dharmadam, Koduvally and Mahe) around Thalassery town and other beaches in the area also attract visitors. | |||
=== How to reach === | |||
* By air: The nearest airport is at ], about 93 km south. The works of ] commenced recently. The new airport will be near Mattanur, a town en route Tellicherry and Coorg around 28 km from the city. Airport can be accessed via Thalassery-Anjarakkanty road, around 20 Kilometers from Thalassery.<ref>http://www.kannurairport.org/</ref> | |||
* By rail: Thalassery Railway Station. Thalassery railway station is well linked to major towns up country as well as within the state. | |||
* By road: Kanyakumari-Mumbai NH-66 passes through Thalassery. Kozhikode is 66 km away from Thalassery. Thalassery Coorg Road is a major road linking Kerala to kudaku >Thalassery - Kadirur -Koothuparamb- Nirmalagiri College - Mattannur -Iritty- Koottupuzha - State Boundary 55.1 km. Interstate buses ply on this route in a frequency of once in an hour.<ref>http://www.keralapwd.gov.in</ref> | |||
* Thalassery is well connected with the ](]) through road. There are lots of private buses operating from Thalassery to Bangalore during day-time. Return trips are usually at night. | |||
Muzhappilangad beach is a 5.5 km long beach where it is possible to drive vehicles. This beach was listed as one of the top 10 drive-in beaches in the world by a BBC survey.<ref>http://www.bbc.com/autos/story/20160617-the-worlds-best-beaches-for-driving</ref> | |||
==Places of interest== | |||
] | |||
It is an important center of Kalari Payattu and health tourism.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustankalari.com/kalarippayattu3.htm |title=Welcome to Hindustan Kalari Sangam :: Kalarippayattu :: |publisher=Hindustankalari.com |access-date=2014-07-22}}</ref> Other visitors come to experience Theyyam and explore the area's history, such as ]. | |||
] | |||
* Dharmadam Beach] | |||
] (''Kadalpaalam''), ], ] and Reservoir garden<ref>{{cite web|url=http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title%3DPazhassi_Irrigation_Project_JI02676 |title=Pazhassi Irrigation Project JI02676 - |access-date=2012-12-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928024323/http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Pazhassi_Irrigation_Project_JI02676 |archive-date=28 September 2013 }}</ref> and Malayala Kala Gramam, New Mahe,(7 km from Thalassery)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keralatourism.org/destination/destination.php?id=199 |title=Malayala Kalagramam – renowned centre form arts & Culture at New Mahe, Kannur |publisher=Kerala Tourism |access-date=2016-08-07 |archive-date=23 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023035011/http://www.keralatourism.org/destination/destination.php?id=199 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kannurtourism.com/malayala_kala_gramam.html |title=Places – Malayala Kala Gramam |publisher=Kannur Tourism |date=2010-09-09 |access-date=2016-08-07}}</ref> are other attractions. A shipwreck is visible near the Thalassery shore.<ref name="Kurup1985">{{cite book|first=K. K. N. |last=Kurup|title=History of the Tellicherry Factory, 1683-1794|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=tQ8oAAAAMAAJ}}|year=1985|publisher=Sandhya Publications}}</ref> | |||
* ] | |||
* Kanakamala | |||
==Political violence== | |||
* Centenary Park, Sea view Park | |||
The area is an epicenter of political violence between the RSS and Communists. ] (CPI(M)) and the ] (RSS) have been fighting in this area for supremacy for the last 50 years. Clashes in 2008 left seven people killed and many have been injured. The ] called this manslaughter a "compelling sport" and suggested permanent deployment of ] in the affected areas.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/12/stories/2008031250410100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080315053323/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/12/stories/2008031250410100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 March 2008 |title=Only Centre can end Kannur violence: High Court | location=Chennai, India |work=] |date=12 March 2008}}</ref> | |||
] | |||
* ] (''Kadalpaalam'') | |||
==Notable residents== | |||
* ] | |||
{{Main|List of people from Thalassery}} | |||
] | |||
*] | |||
* Thalassery Stadium, ] | |||
* |
*] | ||
*] | |||
* Thiruvangad ] | |||
*]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/science/features/dr-e-k-janaki-ammal-botanist-1.8016858 | title=ഡോ. ഇ.കെ. ജാനകി അമ്മാൾ; മലയാളികൾ ഇനിയും അറിയാത്ത ശാസ്ത്രപ്രതിഭ }}</ref> | |||
* Sree Moozhikkara Bhagavati Temple | |||
*] | |||
* Sree Jagannath Temple | |||
*] | |||
* ] kavu Sree Ramaswami Temple | |||
*] | |||
* Chirakkakavu Bhagavathi Temple | |||
*] | |||
* Kottayam Shiva Temple | |||
*] | |||
] | |||
*] | |||
* Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swami Temple | |||
*] | |||
* ] | |||
*] | |||
* Sri Narayana Velayudhan Kovil, Pilackool | |||
*] | |||
* Melut Sri Muthappan Madappura | |||
*] | |||
* Kaitheri Neelakaringali Temple | |||
*] | |||
* Shri Porkali Bhagavathi Temple | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
*] | |||
==Climate== | |||
Thalassery experiences a ] under the ]. The ] starts in June as the southwest monsoon first hits the coastal Kerala and continues until the end of September. A brief pre-monsoon ] interval occurs sometime during April. Precipitation from the northeast monsoon sets in during the second half of October through November. | |||
{{Weather box | |||
| location = Thalassery | |||
| metric first = Y | |||
| single line = yes | |||
| year record high F = 110 | |||
| Jan high C = 32.2 | |||
| Feb high C = 32.6 | |||
| Mar high C = 33.3 | |||
| Apr high C = 33.5 | |||
| May high C = 32.8 | |||
| Jun high C = 30.1 | |||
| Jul high C = 29 | |||
| Aug high C = 29.2 | |||
| Sep high C = 30.2 | |||
| Oct high C = 31 | |||
| Nov high C = 31.9 | |||
| Dec high C = 32.1 | |||
| Jan low C = 22.9 | |||
| Feb low C = 23.8 | |||
| Mar low C = 25.5 | |||
| Apr low C = 26.3 | |||
| May low C = 26 | |||
| Jun low C = 24.4 | |||
| Jul low C = 23.7 | |||
| Aug low C = 23.9 | |||
| Sep low C = 24.2 | |||
| Oct low C = 24.2 | |||
| Nov low C = 24.1 | |||
| Dec low C = 22.8 | |||
| Jan rain mm = 3 | |||
| Feb rain mm = 3 | |||
| Mar rain mm = 11 | |||
| Apr rain mm = 70 | |||
| May rain mm = 285 | |||
| Jun rain mm = 900 | |||
| Jul rain mm = 1078 | |||
| Aug rain mm = 544 | |||
| Sep rain mm = 267 | |||
| Oct rain mm = 227 | |||
| Nov rain mm = 103 | |||
| Dec rain mm = 21 | |||
| rain colour = green | |||
| source 1 = WWO<ref name= WMO >{{cite web | |||
| url = http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Thalassery-weather-averages/Kerala/IN.aspx | title = Thalassery | access-date =2 August 2012 | |||
| publisher = World Weather Online}}</ref> | |||
| date=August 2012 | |||
|source 2 = Climate-Data.org<ref name= Climate-Data.org>{{cite web | |||
| url = http://en.climate-data.org/location/30569/ | |||
| title = Climate: thalassery | |||
| website= En.climate-data.org | |||
| access-date = 18 February 2016}}</ref> | |||
}} | |||
==See also== | |||
<!-- Please do not add locations based on personal interest. This section is for people who are interested to know more about the location--> | |||
{{Portal|India|History}} | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
== Notable residents== | |||
* ], The leader of foremost struggle against British in India.His Palace was located in Kottayam (Thalassery). Major General. Wellesley (Who was earlier one among the commander of allied forces during Battle of Waterloo which resulted in the defeated of Napoleon; Later known as, Field Marshal ), came to Thalassery to fight against Pazhassi Raja after defeating Tipu Sultan in the Battle of Srirangapatna. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Pazhassi_Raja</ref> | |||
<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZA1b5gnmHU</ref> | |||
* ], German missionary and scholar, he is author of the first Malayalam dictionary, the first Malayalam news paper (Rajyasamacharam)and the one of the earlier Malayalam grammar reference book. <ref>http://www.pressacademy.org/tags/rajyasamacharam</ref>lived in Thalassery for 20 years. He is the grand father of Nobel laureate Herman Hesse.<ref>{{cite book|title=Land and people of Indian states and union territories|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TDCKdPpbFPAC|page=289|author=S. C. Bhatt and Gopal K. Bhargava|quote=This Bungalow in Tellicherry ... was the residence of Dr. Herman Gundert .He lived here for 20 years}}</ref> | |||
* ], a martial arts trainer and Gymnast, known as ''the father of Kerala Circus''<ref name=Keeleri>{{cite book|last=A. Sreedhara Menon|title=A survey of Kerala history|pages=436}}</ref><ref name=KeeleriLegend>{{cite web |url= http://www.aum9.com/Indian_Circus.html |title=THE LEGENDS OF INDIAN CIRCUS |work=aum9.com |accessdate=11 May 2011}}</ref> | |||
<ref>http://www.indiatoday.com/english/story.php?id=123046</ref> | |||
<ref>http://www.mathrubhumi.com/english/story.php?</ref> | |||
* ], The third President of Singapore (In office: 23 October 1981-28 March 1985). | |||
<ref>http://www.ebharat.in/profile/devan-nair</ref> | |||
* ], famous malayalam satirist, was born in Thalassery. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Sanjayan</ref> | |||
* ], First piolet from Kerala, first chief trainer National Defence Academy, Member of Jawaharlal Nehru's Office, Advisor to the governor of Nagaland. | |||
<ref>http://www.thalassery.info/personality/murkoth-ramunni.htm</ref> | |||
<ref>http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/mmonline.dll/portal/ep/common/pictureGalleryPopup.jsp?picGallery=MM+Photo+Galleries%2FCurrent+Affairs%2FTribute+to+Moorkoth+Ramunni&BV_ID=@@@</ref> | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Moorkoth_Ramunni</ref> | |||
* ], The author of Malabar Manual, Logan's road in Thalassery is named after him. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/William_Logan_(Malabar_Manual)</ref> | |||
* ], Established one of the foremost educational institutions in India. The Brennan institutions in Thalassery in 1862. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Government_Brennen_College,_Thalassery</ref> | |||
<ref>http://wikimapia.org/287533/Thalassery-Town</ref> | |||
* ], The author of Indulekha, the first step of modern malayalam classic. | |||
<ref>http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/Profiles/OChanduMenon/Html/OCMenongraphy.htm</ref> | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Oyyarathu_Chandu_Menon</ref> | |||
* ], The author of first malayalam short story, Vasanavikriti. Under the pen names "Kesari", "Vajrasoochi","Vajrabahu". | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Vengayil_Kunhiraman_Nayanar</ref> | |||
* ], Writer and activist. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/Moorkoth_Kumaran</ref> | |||
* N Prabhakaran, award-winning Writer of short stories, novels, drama, travelogue, literary criticism and screenplay. | |||
* ], Noted painter Sculpturer. | |||
<ref>http://www.ebharat.in/profile/m-v-devan</ref> | |||
* ], Famous orator and writer. | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/M._N._Vijayan</ref> | |||
* ], Entrepreneurer, started Kerala's first bakery, started on a Christmas day of 1880. | |||
<ref>http://www.thalassery.info/bakery.htm</ref> | |||
<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/T._V._Chandran</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* {{cite book|first=A Sreedhara |last=Menon|title=A Survey of Kerala History|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=FVsw35oEBv4C|p=246}}|date=1 January 2007|publisher=DC Books|isbn=978-81-264-1578-6 }} | |||
* {{Cite book|author=Renjith, Moorkoth, ed|title=Thalassery Millennium Manual|year=2000}} | |||
* {{Cite book| |
* {{Cite book|editor=Renjith, Moorkoth|title=Thalassery Millennium Manual|year=2000}} | ||
* {{Cite book|editor=Skaria Zacharia|title=Thalassery Rekhakal|location=Kottaym|publisher=DC Books}} | |||
* ''Thalassery Arivukal''.K.M.Govi. Thalassery:Sanjayan Samskarika Vedi,2011 | |||
* ''Thalassery Arivukal'' K. M. Govi. Thalassery: Sanjayan Samskarika Vedi, 2011 | |||
==External links== | |||
* | |||
{{Wikivoyage|Thalassery}} | |||
{{Commons category|Thalassery}} | |||
* Thalassery – Land of 3Cs Town: | |||
* The Map of Thalassery Town: | |||
{{Geographic location | |||
|Centre = Thalassery | |||
|North = ], ] | |||
|Northeast = ], ] | |||
|East = ] (]) | |||
|Southeast = ] | |||
|South = ], ] | |||
|Southwest = ], ] | |||
|West = ] | |||
|Northwest = ] (Town) | |||
}} | |||
{{s-start}} | |||
{{Commons category}} | |||
{{s-bef|before=Kottayam Province of ]}} | |||
{{s-ttl|title=Tellicherry, Madras Presidency, British India|years=1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865<br />(Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850)}} | |||
{{s-aft|after=Thalassery taluk, ] state, India<br />(])}} | |||
{{s-end}} | |||
{{Kerala}} | {{Kerala}} | ||
{{Municipalities of Kerala}} | {{Municipalities of Kerala}} | ||
{{North Malabar}} | {{North Malabar}} | ||
{{Malabar}} | |||
{{Kannur district}} | {{Kannur district}} | ||
{{Palakkad Railway Division}} | |||
{{MRSISMS}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2010}} | |||
] | |||
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Latest revision as of 17:19, 16 January 2025
City in Kerala, India
Thalassery Tellicherry | |
---|---|
City | |
TLY | |
Clockwise from top: statue of Hermann Gundert, Kalaripayattu, Muzhappilangad Beach, Tellicherry Fort, Theyyam, Thalassery spice market, a cannon inside St. Angelo Fort, Thalassery Pier | |
ThalasseryThalassery (Kerala)Show map of KeralaThalasseryThalassery (India)Show map of IndiaThalasseryThalassery (Asia)Show map of AsiaThalasseryThalassery (Earth)Show map of Earth | |
Coordinates: 11°44′56.8″N 75°29′20.4″E / 11.749111°N 75.489000°E / 11.749111; 75.489000 | |
Country | India |
State | Kerala |
District | Kannur |
Municipality | 1 November 1866 |
Government | |
• Type | Municipality |
• Body | Thalassery Municipality |
• Municipal Chairman | Jamunarani |
• Member of Legislative Assembly | A.N. Shamseer |
• Assistant City Commissioner of Police | V. Suresh |
Area | |
• Total | 23.96 km (9.25 sq mi) |
Elevation | 33.02 m (108.33 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 92,558 |
Demonym | Thalasserikaran |
Languages | |
• Official | Malayalam, English |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 6701xx |
Telephone code | +91490xxxxxxx |
Vehicle registration | KL-58 |
Sex ratio | 1000:1125 ♂/♀ |
Parliament constituency | Vatakara |
Legislative Assembly constituency | Thalassery |
Website | Thalasserymunicipality |
Thalassery (Malayalam: [t̪ɐlɐʃ(ː)eːɾi] ), formerly Tellicherry, is a municipality and commercial city on the Malabar Coast in Kannur district in the state of Kerala, India, bordered by the districts of Mahe, Kozhikode, Wayanad, Kasaragod and Kodagu (Karnataka). Thalassery municipality has a population of just under 100,000 as of 2011 census. Thalassery Heritage City has an area of 23.98 square kilometres (9.26 sq mi). Thalassery has an altitude ranging from 2.5 to 30 metres (8 ft 2 in to 98 ft 5 in) above mean sea-level. It is located 25 km (15 mi) from Vadakara, 15 km (10 mi) from Mahé and 22 km (13 mi) from Kannur.
Tellicherry municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in City act 1850) of the British Indian Empire, making it the second oldest municipality in the state. At that time, the municipality was known as Tellicherry Commission and Tellicherry was the capital of North Malabar. G. M. Ballard, the Malabar collector, was the first president of the municipal commission. A European barrister, A. F. Lamaral, would later become the first Chairman of Thalassery municipality. Thalassery grew into a prominent place during European rule, due to its strategic geographic location. Thalassery has played a significant historical, cultural, educational and commercial role in the history of India, especially during the colonial period. On 9 February 2014, Thalassery taluk was split in two and Iritty taluk was formed. The northeastern hilly region of the former Thalassery Taluk, including Peravoor, Aralam, Ayyankunnu, Kottiyoor, and Kelakam, are within the Iritty Taluk area.
Etymology
The name Thalassery likely originated from a combination of the Dravidian words Thala (Head) and cheri (low lying settlement), meaning 'starting place of a settlement' or 'head of a settlement'. It could also have emerged from Talakkathe cheri, a combination of Talakkathe (upper or north) and Cheri (settlement).
The second volume of the 1885 administration manual of the former Madras Presidency cites, which includes information on the research of regional legends and folklore, indicates that the name Thalassery in ancient Sanskrit literature was Shwetaranyapura.
Modern history
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Thalassery was a trade hub where Dutch, British, Portuguese, Chinese, Arab, and Jewish traders had considerable influence in the spice market.
The British established a trading post and built a factory at Tellicherry in 1694, having gained permission from Vadakkalankur, the prince regent of the Raja of Kolathunad. They had already been trading on the Malabar coast for much of that century, buying pepper from merchants, and had established a similar post at Travancore ten years earlier.
In 1761, the British captured Mahe, which lies adjacent to Thalassery, and the settlement was handed over to the ruler of Kadathanadu. The British restored Mahe to the French as a part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris. In 1779, the Anglo-French war broke out, resulting in the French loss of Mahe. In 1783, the British agreed to restore to the French their settlements in India, and Mahe was handed over to the French in 1785.
After the annexation of Malabar, the British called upon Thalassery, the royal families and other major Nair and Namboothiri feudal lords to return, but this was heavily opposed by some local rulers. Along with heavy taxation and laws that curbed free movement, the appeal resulted in multiple uprisings against the British with heavy casualties to British forces. Thousands of soldiers were killed, but the resistance was eventually defeated.
Geography
Thalassery lies on the west coast of the Indian subcontinent, in the northern part of Kerala State. The city has Dharmadam Panchayat in the north, Eranholi and Kodiyeri in the east New Mahe in the south and the Arabian Sea on the west. The palm-fringed terrain has a scenic coastline and features four rivers, canals and hills with orange-hued rock. One of the four rivers is the Mahe River (Mayyazhipuzha). During the British Raj, the Mahe River was nicknamed the English Channel because it separated British-ruled Thalassery from French-ruled Mahe. Other rivers are Kuyyali River, Ummanchira River and Anjarakandi River. Muzhappilangad Beach, the sole beach where driving is possible in Kerala (with a 4 km long drivable area), is located within 6 km from the downtown part of Thalassery.
Unlike southern Kerala, the region of Thalassery does not have lagoons, although many rivers flow through it. Thalassery however has a large area of mangroves, which is now being protected. The coast has no delta formation. The coastal plain is only a few kilometres in width and is bordered by highlands. The north of Thalassery is Dharmadam, an island area surrounded by two rivers and the sea. On the eastern side, hilly areas start from Kuthuparamba.
Demographics
As of the 2001 India census, Thalassery had a population of 92,558, making it Kerala's eighth largest city in population. Males constituted 47% of the population and females 53%. The city had an average literacy rate of 86%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Both male and female literacy were 86%. In Thalassery, 10% of the population were under 6 years of age.
The Thalassery urban agglomeration consists of the Thalassery municipality and panchayaths of Eranholi, Kadirur, Dharmadam, Muzhappilangad, Pinarayi and New Mahe with a present population of around 300,000.
Hindus made up 61.37% of the population, followed by Muslims (34.30%), and Christians (3.64%).
Culture
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Thalassery is nicknamed the city of three Cs -- Cake, Cricket and Circus. The first bakery in Kerala was established in the city and cricket was first played in India here. The British had considerable impact on local culture. As an ancient trade center, the trading and business relations that existed with the Europeans and the Arabs brought people and ideas from many other lands. The European Christian missionaries and the educational reforms they brought played an important role in transforming society.
The Government of Kerala has included Thalassery in its heritage city project. The project includes the preservation of historical structures. Thalassery cuisine (a blend of Arabian, Persian, Indian and European styles of cooking) is popular around the world. Thalassery biryani is popular as an ethnic brand, and Tellicherry pepper is also used in Europe.
Painting and sculpture exhibitions are frequently held at the Kerala Lalithakala Akademi art gallery located in Keezhantimukk, Thiruvangad.
Theyyam
Theyyam (or Thirayattam) is a ritual performance art form that depict the cultural heritage of North Malabar, especially of ancient Kolathunad. Theyyam depicts Shiva bhutaganas, Kali and other deities and cultural heroes. The drama is enacted based on ancient stories and the language used is "Tottam pattu", a primitive form of Malayalam. Theyyam shows the Buddhist influence from centuries ago. Theyyam is usually held from October to May every year. The colour of Theyyam, is typically red. Velan, a reporter and prophet endowed with supernatural powers in Veriyatal is described in the Sangam literature 500 CE. It could have been a tribal ritual art which evolved under Buddhism and the Brahminic revival of Hinduism. This art form is called, variously, "Kaliyattom" or "Theyyam" or "Tirayattom", depending on the locality.
Literature and journalism
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The first Malayalam short story Vasanavikriti was written by Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar in Thalassery. Indulekha, the first major Malayalam novel was published from Thalassery. Veenapoovu, the poem by Kumaran Asan was also published from Thalassery. Thinker and orator M N Vijayan spent a lifetime in Thalassery. Thalassery is also home to writer N. Prabhakaran. Actor and screenwriter Sreenivasan hails from Thalassery.
William Logan was said to be fluent in Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu. He is remembered for his 1887 guide to the Malabar District, popularly known as the Malabar Manual.
Rajyasamacharam and Paschimodayam (the first two Malayalam newspapers) were published from Illikunnu, Nettoor in Tellicherry in 1847 by Hermann Gundert, who was the editor of the journal and was a religious propagator from the Basel Evangelical Mission Society (BEMP). Rajyasamacharam started publishing from Illikkunnu in Thalassery City.
Circus
Vishnu Pant Chhatre's Great Indian Circus, established in 1880 in Bombay, was the first circus establishment in India. A tour of Thalassery led to the meeting of Chhatre with Keeleri Kunhikannan, a martial arts trainer. Keeleri Kunjikannan established the first dedicated circus school in India in 1901. He is known as "the father of Kerala Circus". A circus academy was inaugurated in Thalassery in 2010.
Cuisine
Main article: Thalassery cuisineThalassery is known for its biryani (in local dialect, biri-yaa-ni) Unlike other biriyani cuisines, Thalassery biryani uses Kaima/Jeerakasala rice instead of the usual basmati rice. Porridges such as mutaari kachiyatu (ragi porridge) are also popular.
The spice trade from the Malabar coast which began around 1500 BC is still active.
Cricket
In 1800, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington made Thalassery (then Tellicherry) his base. Wellesley and his colleagues played cricket in the town maidan, often watched by bystanders, who would help the English officers whenever they were short of players. They played were from the dhobi community and the fishermen who lived along the beach. In 1830, the Tellicherry Cricket Club (TCC) was formed. By the 1930s Thalassery had become a major cricket centre. Many teams used to visit the town for matches. The earliest record of a cricket match in Thalassery is a report in Malayala Manorama in 1890. It's about a match between Thalassery and the neighbouring town of Kannur.
Thalassery Stadium, located close to the sea, hosts Ranji Trophy cricket matches quite often. Wellesley is believed to have introduced this game in Kerala in the 18th century for British soldiers garrisoned in the Tellichery Fort. India's first cricket club, which was later named the Town Cricket Club, was formed in 1850 at Tellichery by Wellesley. The Tellichery Cricket ground was the hub of cricket activities during this period. An exhibition match was conducted in there to raise funds during the First World War.
Education
Main article: List of educational institutions in ThalasseryThe educational renaissance of Malabar started from Thalassery due to the influence of European missionaries. Government Brennen College, Thalassery, founded in 1862, is one of the oldest educational institutions in India.
Kannur University Thalassery Campus is located at Palayad, 6 km north of Thalassery. The Basel Evangelic Mission Parsi High school is an English Medium school (established 1856) in Malabar. Dr. Hermann Gundert was a tutor there. Kaikose Ruderasha, a Parsi, donated funds to build the institute with the assistance of German missionaries.
Other educational institutions include Sports Authority of India Centre, Nettur Technical Training Foundation, St Joseph's Higher Secondary School, Sacred Heart Girls High School, and Basel Evangelical Mission Parsi High School.
Transport
Thalassery Railway Station operates under the Palakkad Railway Division of the Southern Railway. It is a Class 'A' railway station. It is on the Shoranur – Mangalore line. No direct line connects Thalasery to Mysore, although a feasibility study for such a route was funded in 2013.
The nearest airport is Kannur International Airport, located 24 km east from the town. Calicut International Airport 100 km, Mangalore International Airport 170 km and Cochin International Airport 235 km could be alternate choices.
Kanyakumari-Mumbai NH-66 passes through Thalassery. Kozhikode is 66 km from Thalassery. Mangalore is 150 km from Thalassery. Interstate highway, Thalassery-Coorg Road (SH-30) is a major road linking Kerala to Kodagu district of Karnataka State. Interstate buses ply on this route in a frequency of one in an hour. The hill stations Virajpet in Kodagu and Mananthavady in Wayanad are 82 km away from the town. Regular buses to Bengaluru, which is at a distance of 310 km from Thalassery, operate on a daily basis.
The Thalassery-Mahe bypass, a six-lane highway inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in March 2024, significantly enhances connectivity between Muzhapilangad in Kannur district and Azhiyoor in Kozhikode district.
Tourism
Main article: Tourist attractions in ThalasseryThe Thalassery carnival, the beach fest in Muzhappilangad beach and Dharmadam beach are notable attractions. The area's four rivers (Anjarakkandi, Dharmadam, Koduvally and Mahe) around Thalassery town and other beaches in the area also attract visitors.
Muzhappilangad beach is a 5.5 km long beach where it is possible to drive vehicles. This beach was listed as one of the top 10 drive-in beaches in the world by a BBC survey.
It is an important center of Kalari Payattu and health tourism. Other visitors come to experience Theyyam and explore the area's history, such as Tellicherry Fort.
Thalassery Pier (Kadalpaalam), Overbury's Folly, Pazhassi Dam and Reservoir garden and Malayala Kala Gramam, New Mahe,(7 km from Thalassery) are other attractions. A shipwreck is visible near the Thalassery shore.
Political violence
The area is an epicenter of political violence between the RSS and Communists. Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) have been fighting in this area for supremacy for the last 50 years. Clashes in 2008 left seven people killed and many have been injured. The High Court of Kerala called this manslaughter a "compelling sport" and suggested permanent deployment of Central forces in the affected areas.
Notable residents
Main article: List of people from Thalassery- Veera Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja
- Hermann Gundert
- William Logan
- Janaki Ammal
- Vainu Bappu
- Ayyathan Gopalan
- Ayyathan Janaki Ammal
- Sanjayan (Prof. Mannikoth Ramunni Nair)
- Oyyarathu Chandu Menon
- M. N. Vijayan
- Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar
- Moorkoth Ramunni
- Moorkoth Kumaran
- Vagbhatananda
- Keeleri Kunhikannan
- Anadhatheerthan
- K. Raghavan
- Pinarayi Vijayan
- V. Muraleedharan
- Kodiyeri Balakrishnan
- N. Prabhakaran
- V. P. Sathyan
- C. K. Vineeth
- Sreenivasan
- Eranholi Moosa
- Shaan Rahman
- Deepak Dev
- Vineeth Sreenivasan
- Dhyan Sreenivasan
- Sushin Shyam
- Chundangapoyil Rizwan
- Kakuzhi Kunjibappu Gurukkal
Climate
Thalassery experiences a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification. The wet season starts in June as the southwest monsoon first hits the coastal Kerala and continues until the end of September. A brief pre-monsoon mango showers interval occurs sometime during April. Precipitation from the northeast monsoon sets in during the second half of October through November.
Climate data for Thalassery | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.2 (90.0) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29 (84) |
29.2 (84.6) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31 (88) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26 (79) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.3 (75.8) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 3 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
11 (0.4) |
70 (2.8) |
285 (11.2) |
900 (35.4) |
1,078 (42.4) |
544 (21.4) |
267 (10.5) |
227 (8.9) |
103 (4.1) |
21 (0.8) |
3,512 (138.1) |
Source 1: WWO | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Climate-Data.org |
See also
- Culture of Thalassery
- Jagannath Temple, Thalassery
- Koorara
- Thiruvangad Sree Ramaswami Temple
- Kannur district
References
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- "ചരിത്രം | Thalassery Municipality". Thalasserymunicipality.in. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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- Swai, Bonaventure (July 1978). "Notes on the Colonial State with Reference to Malabar in the 18th and 19th Centuries". Social Scientist. 6 (12): 44–65. doi:10.2307/3516674. JSTOR 3516674.
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- "Terre Exotique – Épicerie fine en ligne". Terreexotique.fr. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- "Google Maps". Maps.google.co.in. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- Neglect ruins Muzhappilangad beach. The Times of India. (12 November 2012).
- "Malabar Coast – India Environment Portal | News, reports, documents, blogs, data, analysis on environment & development | India, South Asia". India Environment Portal. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
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- "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - "Thalassery Campus, Palayad". Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
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- Menon 2007, p. 436.
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- "Pandit to add might to Thalassery biryani". The New Indian Express. 11 December 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
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- Radhakrishnan, M. G. (20 May 2002). "A coastal town in Kerala celebrates the bicentenary of its cricket tradition". India Today. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
- ^ "Welcome on server s4!". Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
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- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 August 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - Team Thalassery. "THALASSERY – Education – BEMP Higher Secondary school". Thalassery.info. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- Thalassery-Mysore Rail Link: Survey Via Long Route Raises Eye Brows. "The New Indian Express". (16 December 2013).
- Thalassery-Mysore rail link: Railways to conduct resurvey. The Times of India. (4 September 2012).
- . "The Times of India". (5 November 2018).
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - "Prime Minister inaugurates Thalassery-Mahe bypass, political showdown between LDF and BJP follows". The Hindu. 11 March 2024. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
- "Muzhappilangad beach fest from April 12 - KERALA". The Hindu. 11 April 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- http://www.bbc.com/autos/story/20160617-the-worlds-best-beaches-for-driving
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- "Pazhassi Irrigation Project JI02676 -". Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
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- "ഡോ. ഇ.കെ. ജാനകി അമ്മാൾ; മലയാളികൾ ഇനിയും അറിയാത്ത ശാസ്ത്രപ്രതിഭ".
- "Thalassery". World Weather Online. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
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Further reading
- Menon, A Sreedhara (1 January 2007). A Survey of Kerala History. DC Books. ISBN 978-81-264-1578-6.
- Renjith, Moorkoth, ed. (2000). Thalassery Millennium Manual.
- Skaria Zacharia (ed.). Thalassery Rekhakal. Kottaym: DC Books.
- Thalassery Arivukal K. M. Govi. Thalassery: Sanjayan Samskarika Vedi, 2011
External links
- Thalassery – Land of 3Cs Town: Thalassery
- The Map of Thalassery Town: Google Maps
Places adjacent to Thalassery | ||||||||||||||||
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Preceded byKottayam Province of Chirakkal Kingdom | Tellicherry, Madras Presidency, British India 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850) |
Succeeded byThalassery taluk, Kerala state, India (States Reorganisation Act, 1956) |
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