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{{short description|Canadian television series}}
] painting, ''A Meeting of the School Trustees'', depicted in the 1998 ''Heritage Minute'' episode "Rural Teacher", on the benefits of ].]]
{{Italic title}}
] painting, ''A Meeting of the School Trustees'', depicted in the 1992 ''Heritage Minute'' episode "Rural Teacher", on the benefits of ]]]


'''''The Heritage Minutes''''' is a series of sixty-second ]s, each illustrating an important moment in ]. Published by ] the ''Minutes'' integrate Canadian history, ] into dramatic storylines.<ref name="Edwardson2008hg">{{cite book |author=Ryan Edwardson |title=Canadian Content: Culture and the Quest for Nationhood |url=https://archive.org/details/canadiancontentc0000edwa |url-access=registration |year=2008 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=978-0-8020-9519-0 |page=}}</ref><ref name="Gordon2010">{{cite book |author=Alan Gordon |title=The Hero and the Historians: Historiography and the Uses of Jacques Cartier |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jZhdAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA185 |year=2010 |publisher=UBC Press |isbn=978-0-7748-5920-2 |page=185}}</ref><ref name="BergerEriksonas2013">{{cite book |author1=Stefan Berger |author2=Linas Eriksonas |author3=Andrew Mycock |title=Narrating The Nation: Representations in History, Media and the Arts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WUJ6uZChVAAC&pg=PA284 |year=2013 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-0-85745-412-6 |page=284}}</ref> Like the ] of the 1970s, the ''Minutes'' themselves have become a part of ] and been the subject of academic studies as well as parody.<ref name="Barbour & Evans" />
'''''Heritage Minutes''''', also known officially as '''''Historica Minutes: History by the Minute''''', is a series of sixty-second ]s, each illustrating an important moment in ].<ref name="DruickKotsopoulos2008" /> The ''Minutes'' appear frequently on Canadian television and in cinemas before movies and are also available online and on DVD.<ref name="Barbour & Evans" /> They were first introduced on March 31, 1991 as part of a one-off history quiz show hosted by ].<ref name="thecanadian"/>


The ''Minutes'' were first introduced on March 31, 1991, as part of a one-off history quiz show hosted by ].<ref name="thecanadian"/> Originally distributed to schools,<ref name="Gordon2010"/> they appeared frequently on Canadian television and in cinemas before feature films, and were later available online and on DVD.<ref name="Barbour & Evans" /> "Radio minutes" have also been made.<ref name="MyUser_Https:_November_19_2015c">{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/products/radio-minutes |title=Radio Minutes |publisher=] |access-date=2015-09-12}}</ref> From 1991 to 1995, 50 episodes aired. In 2012, new ''Minutes'' were produced in the lead-up to ] (150th anniversary of ]) in 2017.
==Background==
The thirteen original short films were broken up and run between shows on ] and ]. The continued broadcast of the ''Minutes'' and the production of new ones was pioneered by ]'s CRB Foundation (subsequently the ]), ] (with ] being a later sponsor) ] (now Power Corporation of Canada), and the ].<ref name="thecanadian"/> They were devised, developed and largely narrated (as well as scripted) by noted Canadian broadcaster ], while the producer of the series was ].<ref name=thecanadian>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/heritage-minutes |title=Heritage Minutes |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |date= |accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref>


The ''Minutes'' have featured appearances by some of Canada's best-known personalities, including ], ], ], ], ], and ]. Voice-over end narration for the Heritage Minutes has been provided by such recognizable voices as ], ], ], and ].<ref name="z495"/>
In 2009 The Historica Foundation of Canada merged with The Dominion Institute to become The Historica-Dominion Institute.<ref name="DruickKotsopoulos2008" /> In September 2013, the organization changed its name to Historica Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/1192931/historica-dominion-institute-renamed-historica-canada |title=Historica Canada &#124; Historica-Dominion Institute renamed Historica Canada |publisher=Newswire.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref> While the foundations have not paid networks to air ''Minutes'', they have made them freely available, and in the early years paid to have them run in cinema theaters across the country.<ref name="Acland2003">{{cite book|author=Charles R. Acland|title=Screen Traffic: Movies, Multiplexes, and Global Culture|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8wIbg7fpPgMC&pg=PA188|year=2003|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-8486-1|page=188}}</ref> The ] (CRTC) has ruled that ''Heritage Minutes'' are an "on-going dramatic series" thus each ] counts as ninety-seconds of a station's ] requirements.<ref name="CRTC" /><ref name="Toronto Star-2013.09.29" />


== Background ==
The ''Heritage Minutes'' themselves have become part of ].<ref name="Barbour & Evans" /> In 2012, new "Heritage Minutes" were created on the ].<ref name="CBC News-2012.10.10" /> Two new ''Minutes'' were filmed in and around Toronto on Sir ] and ] in September 2013.<ref name="Toronto Star-2013.09.29" /> There are plans to come out with two every year until Canada's 150th birthday in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|author=Posted: June 12, 2013 4:50 PM |url=http://www.cbc.ca/newsblogs/yourcommunity/2013/06/new-heritage-minute-spotlights-queenston-heights-six-nations-warriors.html |title=New Heritage Minute spotlights First Nations warriors - Your Community |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2013-06-12 |accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref> A 2012 Ipsos Reid poll of 3,900 Canadians selected the five most popular Minutes.<ref name="CBC"/> Tied for first place was the episodes on ] and ], followed by ], ] and ].<ref name="CBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/sites/default/files/PDF/press-coverage/cbc_news_oct_16.pdf|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|title=New heritage minutes boosted by old favorites|date=2012-06-10|accessdate=2013-10-07}}</ref>
The thirteen original short films were broken up and run between shows on ] and the ]. The continued broadcast of the ''Minutes'' and the production of new ones was pioneered by ]'s CRB Foundation (subsequently ]), ] (with ] being a later sponsor), Power Broadcasting (the broadcasting arm of the ]), and the ].<ref name="thecanadian"/> They were devised, developed, and largely narrated (as well as scripted) by noted Canadian broadcaster ], while the producer of the series was Robert Guy Scully.<ref name=thecanadian>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Heritage Minutes |encyclopedia=] |publisher=] |author=Emily Reid |author2=Nicki Thomas |date=28 October 2016 |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/heritage-minutes/}}</ref>


In 2009, "The Historica Foundation of Canada" merged with "The Dominion Institute" to become "The Historica-Dominion Institute", a national charitable organization.<ref name="DruickKotsopoulos2008" /> In September 2013, the organization changed its name to "Historica Canada".<ref>{{cite press release |title=Historica-Dominion Institute renamed Historica Canada |publisher=The Historica-Dominion Institute |date=2 July 2013 |author=Fadia Otariste |via=] |url=http://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/historica-dominion-institute-renamed-historica-canada-512674091.html |access-date=2013-10-07}}</ref> While the foundations have not paid networks to air ''Minutes'', in the early years they have paid to have them run in cinema theatres across the country.<ref name="Acland2003">{{cite book |author=Charles R. Acland |title=Screen Traffic: Movies, Multiplexes, and Global Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wIbg7fpPgMC&pg=PA188 |year=2003 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-8486-1 |page=188}}</ref> The ] (CRTC) has ruled that ''Heritage Minutes'' are an "on-going dramatic series"; each ] thus counts as ninety-seconds of a station's ] requirements.<ref name="CRTC">{{cite web |url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/canrec/n1960-07.txt |title=List Of CRTC Canadian Program Recognition Numbers |date=4 July 2007 |access-date=21 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714020136/http://www.crtc.gc.ca/canrec/n1960-07.txt |archive-date=14 July 2007}}</ref><ref name="Toronto Star-2013.09.29">{{cite news |last=Duabs |first=Katie |title=Being In a Heritage Minute: A Part of Our Heritage |work=] |date=23 September 2013 |page=A1 |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2013/09/29/being_in_a_heritage_minute_a_part_of_our_heritage.html}}</ref>
== List of ''Heritage Minutes'' ==


] ] warning the British (]) and First Nations of an impending ] June 1813. By Lorne Kidd Smith, {{circa|1920}}.]]
Not all of the ''Heritage Minutes'' episodes have actually aired. Seventy-six of them are available for viewing online; however the episodes on the ], ], and ] are not available online through Historica Canada.


The first sets of ''Heritage Minutes'' were released in five segments between 1991 and 2000. A set of eight new ''Heritage Minutes'', covering military moments in Canadian history, were released in 2005.<ref name=2005Military>{{cite web |url=http://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/heritage-minutes/ |title=Heritage Minutes |work=Historica Canada |access-date=2018-04-23}}</ref> In 2012, two new ''Minutes'' were created on the ] in anticipation of the war's bicentenary,<ref name="CBC News-2012.10.10" /> and in 2014 two more ''Minutes'' were released on ] and ] that had been filmed in and around Toronto in September 2013.<ref name="Toronto Star-2013.09.29" /> To honour the centenary of the start of ] two ''Minutes'' were released: one on the ] in 2014 and one on Canadian Nursing Sisters in early 2015.<ref name="winnipeg falcons"/><ref name="nursing sisters"/> In September 2015, to commemorate the 35th anniversary of ]'s run to conquer cancer, Historica released a "Minute" on Fox's inspirational run.<ref>{{cite press release |author=Andrea Hall |title=Terry Fox Heritage Minute Premieres on Bell Media Properties |publisher=Historica Canada |date=15 September 2015 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/terry-fox-heritage-minute-premieres-bell-media-properties}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"

February 2016 saw the release of a "Minute" on ], a trailblazing black female entrepreneur from Halifax who spoke out against racial discrimination in Nova Scotia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Historica Canada honours Viola Desmond, the 'Rosa Parks of Canada,' with a Heritage Minute |work=National Post |author=Sadaf Ahsan |date=2 February 2016 |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/arts/historica-canada-honours-viola-desmond-the-rosa-parks-of-canada-with-a-heritage-minute}}</ref> On June 21, the 20th anniversary of National Aboriginal Day, ] released two new ''Minutes''. The first tells the story of ], whose death sparked the first inquest into the treatment of Indigenous children in Canadian residential schools.<ref name="chanie wenjack"/> The second, Naskumituwin, highlights the making of ] from the perspective of historical witness George Spence, an 18-year-old Cree hunter from Albany, James Bay.<ref name="naskumituwin"/> On October 19, Historica Canada released another Heritage Minute that shows a story about an Inuit artist named ]. It is also the first Heritage minute that is narrated on not just its official languages (English and French) but also a third language, where this Heritage Minute is narrated in ].<ref name="youtube.com">{{cite AV media |title=Heritage Minutes: Kenojuak Ashevak (Inuktitut) |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2016-10-20 |via=Youtube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnsgnbdqMAY |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/vnsgnbdqMAY |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

A 2012 Ipsos Reid poll of 3,900 Canadians selected the five most popular Minutes.<ref name="CBC"/> Tied for first place were the episodes on ] and the ], followed by ], ] and ].<ref name="CBC">{{cite news |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/sites/default/files/PDF/press-coverage/cbc_news_oct_16.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417050310/https://www.historicacanada.ca/sites/default/files/PDF/press-coverage/cbc_news_oct_16.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 17, 2015 |publisher=] |title=New heritage minutes boosted by old favorites |date=10 June 2012 |via=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-07 }}</ref>

== List ==
Of the over 100 "Heritage Minutes" available online, one on ] in ] was pulled from broadcast shortly after its 1991 premiere, and was only posted on ] YouTube channel in 2016, well being omitted from the listing on "Historica Canada" official website.<ref name="u555">{{cite web | title=The Lost Heritage Minute: Lester B. Pearson// Minute du patrimoine " perdue " | website=YouTube | date=2024-03-06 | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=SSSG8aZzdmme1gfn&v=-lD3c--x1Qs&feature=youtu.be | access-date=2024-06-26}}</ref> According to ] published by Historica Canada:<ref name="z495">{{cite web | title=Heritage Minutes | website=The Canadian Encyclopedia | date=1931-06-27 | url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/heritage-minutes | access-date=2024-06-26}}</ref>
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{{Blockquote|A Minute about Canadian peacekeepers in Cyprus produced in 1991 was criticized by Turkey’s ambassador to Canada on the grounds that it depicted Turkish citizens in a poor light. The producers responded that the Minute explored Canada’s role in peacekeeping and that no slight to Turkey was intended. The Minute was soon pulled because of historically inaccurate costume details that were discovered after the Minute was released. As well, the Turkish ambassador to Ottawa complained that the Minute treated his country unfairly. However, the producers have said this was not a factor in the decision to pull it from circulation.}}

In 2020, three Heritage Minutes were deleted from Historica's website and Youtube channel - ] (1991), ] (1999), and ] (2014). Historica told ] in 2024 that the removal of the Louis Riel Heritage Minute was due to a lack of consultation with the ] community at the time of production, and concerns about presenting the Heritage Minute in classrooms, due to it graphically showing the hanging of the Metis Leader. However, the ] stated that Historica had not consulted with them about removing the Heritage Minute and expressed support for the violent reality of the depiction.<ref>{{cite news |title=Where is Louis Riel? Heritage Minute of Métis leader quietly removed |url=https://winnipeg.ctvnews.ca/where-is-louis-riel-heritage-minute-of-m%C3%A9tis-leader-quietly-removed-1.6936849 |access-date=26 June 2024 |agency=CTV News Winnipeg |date=June 21, 2024}}</ref>
{{static row numbers}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers"
|- |-
! scope="col" | Episode ! scope="col" | Episode<ref name="z495"/>
! scope="col" | Released
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Description ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Description
|- |-
| '''Peacemaker'''||The formation of the ] presented by a ] grandfather explaining the significance of the ] to his granddaughter.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/peacemaker?media_type=41& |title=Peacemaker &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Peacemaker'''||1992||The formation of the ] presented by a ] grandfather explaining the significance of the ] to his granddaughter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/peacemaker |title=Peacemaker |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Vikings''' ||] in Newfoundland is settled by Norsemen (]) around the year 1000 CE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/vikings?media_type=41& |title=Vikings &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Vikings''' ||1992||] in Newfoundland is settled by Norsemen (]) around the year 1000 CE.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/vikings |title=Vikings |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''John Cabot''' || Italian navigator and explorer ] discovers the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-cabot?media_type=41& |title=John Cabot &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''John Cabot''' ||1991|| Italian navigator and explorer ] discovers the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-cabot |title=John Cabot |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Jacques Cartier''' || French navigator and explorer ] misunderstands some Natives resulting in the name ''Canada''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jacques-cartier?media_type=41& |title=Jacques Cartier &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Jacques Cartier''' ||1991|| French navigator and explorer ] misunderstands some Natives resulting in the name ''Canada''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jacques-cartier |title=Jacques Cartier |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
|'''Jean Nicolet''' ||French ] and explorer ] becomes the first European to reach ], but thinks it's the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jean-nicollet?media_type=41& |title=Jean Nicollet &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> |'''Jean Nicolet''' ||1992||French ] and explorer ] becomes the first European to reach ], but thinks it's the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jean-nicollet |title=Jean Nicollet |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Governor Frontenac''' ||], under the leadership of French governor ], repels the British invasion at the ] (narration was later added to this Minute in order to clarify the story).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/governor-frontenac?media_type=41& |title=Governor Frontenac &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Governor Frontenac''' ||1992||], under the leadership of French governor ], repels the British invasion at the ] (narration was later added to this Minute in order to clarify the story).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/governor-frontenac |title=Governor Frontenac |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Syrup''' ||A First Nations family teaches early settlers how to make ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/syrup?media_type=41& |title=Syrup &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Syrup''' ||1997||A First Nations family teaches early settlers how to make ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/syrup |title=Syrup |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1997 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Laura Secord''' ||Canadian heroine ] aids the British in the ] with an overland trek to warn of an American military advance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/laura-secord?media_type=41& |title=Laura Secord &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Laura Secord''' ||1993||Canadian heroine ] aids the British in the ] with an overland trek to warn of an American military advance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/laura-secord |title=Laura Secord |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Responsible Government''' || ] decides to grant Canada ] after the crushing of the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/responsible-government?media_type=41& |title=Responsible Government &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Responsible Government''' ||1991|| ] decides to grant Canada ] after the crushing of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/responsible-government |title=Responsible Government |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Baldwin & LaFontaine''' || Lawyer and politician ] and ] build interlingual cooperation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/baldwin-lafontaine?media_type=41& |title=Baldwin & LaFontaine &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Baldwin & LaFontaine''' ||1992|| Lawyer and politician ] and ] build interlingual cooperation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/baldwin-lafontaine |title=Baldwin & LaFontaine |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Orphans''' ||] in the 1850s while allowing them to keep their original names.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/orphans?media_type=41& |title=Orphans &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Orphans''' ||1991||] in the 1850s while allowing them to keep their original names.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/orphans |title=Orphans |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Underground Railroad''' ||An ] escapes to Canada along the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/underground-railroad?media_type=41& |title=Underground Railroad &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Underground Railroad''' ||1991||An ] escapes to Canada along the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/underground-railroad |title=Underground Railroad |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Etienne Parent''' || Journalist and government official ] demands equality for French and English.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/etienne-parent?media_type=41& |title=Étienne Parent &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Etienne Parent''' ||1990|| Journalist and government official ] demands equality for French and English.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/etienne-parent |title=Étienne Parent |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Hart & Papineau''' ||The efforts of politician and lawyer ] give full equality of religion to ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/hart-papineau?media_type=41& |title=Hart & Papineau &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Hart & Papineau''' ||1995||The efforts of politician and lawyer ] give full equality of religion to ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/hart-papineau |title=Hart & Papineau |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1995 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
|'''The Paris Crew''' || The surprise victory of the ], a group of unheralded Canadian rowers, at the 1867 World Championships.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/paris-crew?media_type=41& |title=The Paris Crew &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> |'''The Paris Crew''' ||1995|| The surprise victory of the ], a group of unheralded Canadian rowers, at the 1867 World Championships.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/paris-crew |title=The Paris Crew |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1995 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Joseph Tyrrell''' || Geologist and cartographer ] discovers a plethora of ] bones in Alberta (see ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-tyrrell?media_type=41& |title=Joseph Tyrrell &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Joseph Tyrrell''' ||1992|| Geologist and cartographer ] discovers a plethora of ] bones in Alberta (see ]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-tyrrell |title=Joseph Tyrrell |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Basketball''' || Sports coach ]'s invention of ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/basketball?media_type=41& |title=Basketball &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1991-10-25 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Basketball''' ||1992|| Sports coach ]'s invention of ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/basketball |title=Basketball |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Joseph Casavant''' ||], world renowned ] maker is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-casavant?media_type=41& |title=Joseph Casavant &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Joseph Casavant''' ||1992||], world-renowned ] maker is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-casavant |title=Joseph Casavant |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Emily Carr''' ||The art of ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/emily-carr?media_type=41& |title=Emily Carr &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Emily Carr''' ||1992||The art of ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/emily-carr |title=Emily Carr |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Soddie''' ||Prairie settlers build a ] (see ]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/soddie?media_type=41& |title=Soddie &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Soddie''' ||1991||Prairie settlers build a ] (see ]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/soddie |title=Soddie |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Midwife''' ||A look at the importance of ] in early Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/midwife?media_type=41& |title=Midwife &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Midwife''' ||1992||A look at the importance of ] in early Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/midwife |title=Midwife |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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|'''Saguenay Fire''' ||The 1870 fire in the ] in featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/saguenay-fire?media_type=41& |title=Saguenay Fire &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> |'''Saguenay Fire''' ||1992||The 1870 fire in ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/saguenay-fire |title=Saguenay Fire |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Sandford Fleming''' ||Engineer and inventor Sir ] develops the system of international ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sir-sandford-fleming?media_type=41& |title=Sir Sandford Fleming &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Sandford Fleming''' ||1990|| Engineer and inventor ] develops the system of international ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sir-sandford-fleming |title=Sir Sandford Fleming |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Nitro''' ||A young ] risks his life helping to build the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nitro?media_type=41& |title=Nitro &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1923-07-01 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Nitro''' ||1990|| A young ] risks his life to set a dangerous ] charge while helping to build the ] in the 1880s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nitro |title=Nitro |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Jennie Trout''' ||] becomes Canada's first woman doctor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jennie-trout?media_type=41& |title=Jennie Trout &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Jennie Trout''' ||1991||] becomes Canada's first woman doctor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jennie-trout |title=Jennie Trout |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Rural Teacher''' ||Teacher ] sways school trustees to embrace new methods, and the event is represented in the famous painting by ], ''A Meeting of the School Trustees'' (see image at top).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/rural-teacher?media_type=41& |title=Rural Teacher &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Rural Teacher''' ||1992||Teacher ] sways school trustees to embrace new methods, and the event is represented in the famous painting by ], ''A Meeting of the School Trustees'' (see image at top).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/rural-teacher |title=Rural Teacher |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Louis Riel''' ||The achievements and execution of political and spiritual leader ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/louis-riel?media_type=41& |title=Louis Riel &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Louis Riel'''||1991 ||The achievements and execution of political and spiritual leader ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/louis-riel |title=Louis Riel |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Sitting Bull''' ||Native American Chief ] seeks refuge in Canada (starring ] as Sitting Bull).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sitting-bull?media_type=41& |title=Sitting Bull &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Sitting Bull''' ||1990||Native American Chief ] seeks refuge in Canada (starring ] as Sitting Bull).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sitting-bull |title=Sitting Bull |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Les Voltigeurs de Québec''' ||The rehearsal for the first performance of ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/les-voltigeurs-de-quebec?media_type=41& |title=Les Voltigeurs de Québec &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1980-07-01 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Les Voltigeurs de Québec''' ||1990||The rehearsal for the first performance of ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/les-voltigeurs-de-quebec |title=Les Voltigeurs de Québec |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Grey Owl''' ||Englishman Archie Belaney (played by ]) rises to prominence as a notable author and lecturer after he took on the First Nations identity called ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/grey-owl?media_type=41& |title=Grey Owl &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1938-04-13 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Grey Owl''' ||1999 ||Englishman Archie Belaney (played by ]) rises to prominence as a notable author and lecturer after he took on the First Nations identity called ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/grey-owl |title=Grey Owl |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Frontier College''' ||] educates those away from the urban centres.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/frontier-college?media_type=41& |title=Frontier College &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Frontier College''' ||1997||] educates those away from the urban centres.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/frontier-college |title=Frontier College |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1997 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Sam Steele''' ||Major General and police official ] (portrayed by ]) of the ] bars an unruly American (portrayed by ]) from entering the ] with pistols, despite being threatened at gunpoint.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sam-steele?media_type=41& |title=Sam Steele &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Sam Steele''' ||1993||Major-General and police official ] (portrayed by ]) of the ] bars an unruly American (portrayed by ]) from entering the ] with pistols, despite being threatened at gunpoint.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sam-steele |title=Sam Steele |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1993 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Emily Murphy''' ||Women's rights activist, jurist, and author ]'s quest for equal rights for women.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/emily-murphy?media_type=41& |title=Emily Murphy &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Emily Murphy''' ||1992||Women's rights activist, jurist, and author ]'s (played by ]) quest for equal rights for women.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/emily-murphy |title=Emily Murphy |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Myrnam Hospital''' ||The town of ] forms a non-denominational hospital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/myrnam-hospital?media_type=41& |title=Myrnam Hospital &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1938-07-28 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Myrnam Hospital''' ||1995||The town of ] forms a non-denominational hospital.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/myrnam-hospital |title=Myrnam Hospital |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1995 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Agnes Macphail''' ||The first woman to be elected to the Canadian House of Commons ] fights for ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/agnes-macphail?media_type=41 |title=Agnes Macphail &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Agnes Macphail''' ||1992||The first woman to be elected to the Canadian House of Commons, ], fights for ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/agnes-macphail |title=Agnes Macphail |publisher=Historica Canada |date=1992 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Marconi''' ||Inventor ] receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signals in ] and is awarded the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marconi?media_type=41& |title=Marconi &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Marconi''' ||1990||Inventor ] receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signals in ] and is awarded the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marconi |title=Marconi |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''John McCrae''' ||Author, artist and physician during World War I ] pens '']'' (starring ] as McCrae).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-mccrae?media_type=41& |title=John McCrae &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''John McCrae''' ||1990||Author, artist and physician during World War I ] pens '']'' (starring ] as McCrae).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-mccrae |title=John McCrae |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Halifax Explosion'''||Train dispatcher ] sacrifices his own life to save a train from the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/halifax-explosion?media_type=41& |title=Halifax Explosion &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1917-12-06 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Halifax Explosion'''||1991||Train dispatcher ] sacrifices his own life to save a train from the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/halifax-explosion |title=Halifax Explosion Historica Canada |date=1991 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Vimy Ridge''' ||General ] prepares his forces for the successful ] in World War I.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/vimy-ridge?media_type=41& |title=Vimy Ridge &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1917-04-09 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Vimy Ridge''' ||2005 ||General ] prepares his forces for the successful ] in World War I.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/vimy-ridge |title=Vimy Ridge |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Valour Road''' ||Three men from Pine Street in ] win the ] in ], and the street's name is changed to ] in their honour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/valour-road?media_type=41& |title=Valour Road &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1915-02-21 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Valour Road''' ||1991|| Three men from Pine Street in ] win the ] in ], and the street's name is changed to ] in their honour.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/valour-road |title=Valour Road |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Winnie''' ||The bear of Canadian soldier ] becomes the inspiration for ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/winnie?media_type=41& |title=Winnie &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Winnie''' ||1990||The bear of Canadian soldier ] becomes the inspiration for ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/winnie |title=Winnie |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Nellie McClung''' ||Feminist, politician, and social activist ] demands the right to vote in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nellie-mcclung?media_type=41& |title=Nellie McClung &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Nellie McClung''' ||1991|| Feminist, politician, and social activist ] demands the right to vote in ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nellie-mcclung |title=Nellie McClung |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Joseph-Armand Bombardier''' ||Inventor ] and the beginnings of his passion for ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-armand-bombardier?media_type=41& |title=Joseph-Armand Bombardier &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Joseph-Armand Bombardier''' || 1993 ||Inventor ] and the beginnings of his passion for ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/joseph-armand-bombardier |title=Joseph-Armand Bombardier |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''J.S. Woodsworth'''||Author, lecturer and social activist ] convinces Prime Minister ] to introduce ]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/js-woodsworth?media_type=41& |title=J.S. Woodsworth &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''J.S. Woodsworth'''|| 2003 ||Author, lecturer and social activist ] convinces Prime Minister ] to introduce ]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/js-woodsworth |title=J.S. Woodsworth |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Superman''' ||Comic book artist ], en route to visit his cousin, ], creates ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/superman?media_type=41& |title=Superman &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Superman''' || 1991 ||Comic book artist ], en route to visit his cousin, ], creates ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/superman |title=Superman |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Water Pump''' ||Canadian ] devise sustainable agriculture practices that aid the Third World.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/water-pump?media_type=41& |title=Water Pump &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Water Pump''' || 1995 ||Canadian ] devise sustainable agriculture practices that aid the Third World.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/water-pump |title=Water Pump |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''La Bolduc''' ||The story of how ] becomes a famed popular singer in Quebec.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/la-bolduc?media_type=41& |title=La Bolduc &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''La Bolduc''' || 1993 ||The story of how ] becomes a famed popular singer in Quebec.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/la-bolduc |title=La Bolduc |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Bluenose''' ||The ship '']'' an important Canadian symbol in the 1930s wins its last race.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/bluenose?media_type=41& |title=Bluenose &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Bluenose''' || 1995 ||The ship '']'' an important Canadian symbol in the 1930s wins its last race.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/bluenose |title=Bluenose |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Wilder Penfield''' ||How Dr. ] makes important discoveries in ] when a patient smells burnt toast as the initial signal for an ] seizure, during the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/wilder-penfield?media_type=41& |title=Wilder Penfield &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Wilder Penfield''' || 1991 ||How Dr. ] makes important discoveries in ] when a patient smells burnt toast as the initial signal for an ] seizure, during the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/wilder-penfield |title=Wilder Penfield |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Osborn of Hong Kong''' ||Sgt. Major ] sacrifices his life to protect his men from Japanese forces during the ] in World War II, and is posthumously granted the Victoria Cross.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/osborn-hong-kong?media_type=41& |title=Osborn of Hong Kong &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Osborn of Hong Kong''' ||2005 ||Sgt. Major ] sacrifices his life to protect his men from Japanese forces during the ] in World War II, and is posthumously granted the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/osborn-hong-kong |title=Osborn of Hong Kong |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Marion Orr''' || Female World War II pilot ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marion-orr?media_type=41& |title=Marion Orr &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Marion Orr''' || 1997 || Female World War II pilot ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marion-orr |title=Marion Orr |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Mona Parsons''' ||], a partisan World War II Allied agent in the ] escapes execution and later imprisonment by the ] and meets her future husband who confirms her nationality to Canadian forces liberating the nation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/mona-parsons?media_type=41& |title=Mona Parsons &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Mona Parsons''' ||2005||], a partisan World War II Allied agent in the ] escapes execution and later imprisonment by the ] and meets her future husband who confirms her nationality to Canadian forces liberating the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/mona-parsons |title=Mona Parsons |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Juno Beach''' ||Broadcaster ] entertains his comrades in the field during a respite of the ] ] taking of ] by Canadian forces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/juno-beach?media_type=41& |title=Juno Beach &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1944-06-06 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Juno Beach''' ||2005||Broadcaster ] entertains his comrades in the field during a respite of the ] ] taking of ] by Canadian forces.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/juno-beach |title=Juno Beach |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Andrew Mynarski''' ||Pilot officer ]'s attempt to free his friend from a bomber turret.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/andrew-mynarski?media_type=41& |title=Andrew Mynarski &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1944-06-12 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Andrew Mynarski''' ||2005||Pilot officer ]'s attempt to free his friend from a bomber turret.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/andrew-mynarski |title=Andrew Mynarski |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Tommy Prince''' ||A eulogy is given for ], Canada’s most-decorated Aboriginal war veteran.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/tommy-prince?media_type=41& |title=Tommy Prince &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Tommy Prince''' ||2005||A eulogy is given for ], Canada's most-decorated Aboriginal war veteran.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/tommy-prince |title=Tommy Prince |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''Home from the Wars''' ||Returning World War II veterans successfully agitate for increasing ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/home-wars?media_type=41& |title=Home from the Wars &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Home from the Wars''' ||2005||Returning World War II veterans successfully agitate for increasing ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/home-wars |title=Home from the Wars |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
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| '''John Humphrey''' ||Legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate ] drafts the ] ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-humphrey?media_type=41& |title=John Humphrey &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''John Humphrey''' || 1997 ||Legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate ] drafts the ] ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/john-humphrey |title=John Humphrey |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Jackie Robinson''' ||Baseball player ] joins the ] on October 23, 1946.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jackie-robinson?media_type=41& |title=Jackie Robinson &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1946-04-18 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Jackie Robinson''' || 1997 ||Baseball player ] joins the ] on October 23, 1945.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jackie-robinson |title=Jackie Robinson |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Lucille Teasdale''' ||Surgeon ] devotes her life to helping the poor in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/lucille-teasdale?media_type=41& |title=Lucille Teasdale &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Lucille Teasdale''' || 2000 ||Surgeon ] devotes her life to helping the poor in ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/lucille-teasdale |title=Lucille Teasdale |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
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| '''Marshall McLuhan''' ||Philosopher of communication theory ] coins the phrases "]" and "]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marshall-mcluhan?media_type=41& |title=Marshall McLuhan &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Marshall McLuhan''' ||1990|| Philosopher of communication theory ] coins the phrases "]" and "]".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/marshall-mcluhan |title=Marshall McLuhan |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Maurice Ruddick''' ||Miner ] recounts the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maurice-ruddick?media_type=41& |title=Maurice Ruddick &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1923-07-01 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Maurice Ruddick''' || 1993 ||Miner ] recounts the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maurice-ruddick |title=Maurice Ruddick |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Nat Taylor''' ||How ] invents the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nat-taylor?media_type=41& |title=Nat Taylor &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Nat Taylor''' || 1997 ||How ] invents the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nat-taylor |title=Nat Taylor |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Pauline Vanier''' ||The achievements of professional diplomats ] and ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/pauline-vanier?media_type=41& |title=Pauline Vanier &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Pauline Vanier''' || 1995 ||The achievements of professional diplomats ] and ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/pauline-vanier |title=Pauline Vanier |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Maurice "Rocket" Richard''' ||Hockey player ] scores five goals and three assists for eight points in a single game.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maurice-rocket-richard?media_type=41& |title=Maurice "Rocket" Richard &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1944-12-28 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Maurice "Rocket" Richard''' || 1997 ||Hockey player ], portrayed by actor ], scores five goals and three assists for eight points in a single game.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maurice-rocket-richard |title=Maurice "Rocket" Richard |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref> Dupuis reprises the role for the 2005 Maurice Richard biographical film '']''.
|- |-
| '''Stratford''' ||A look back at the beginning of the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/stratford?media_type=41& |title=Stratford &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Stratford''' || 1997 || A look back at the beginning of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/stratford |title=Stratford |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Jacques Plante''' ||] becomes the first ] player to wear a ] in regular play.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jacques-plante?media_type=41& |title=Jacques Plante &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1959-11-01 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Jacques Plante''' || 1991 ||] becomes the first ] player to wear a ] in regular play.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/jacques-plante |title=Jacques Plante |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Avro Arrow''' ||The development of the ] ''(this Heritage Minute was made using footage from the 1996 mini-series '']'')''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/avro-arrow?media_type=41& |title=Avro Arrow &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1959-02-20 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Avro Arrow''' ||1990||The development of the ] (this Heritage Minute was made using footage from the 1996 mini-series '']'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/avro-arrow |title=Avro Arrow |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Paul Emile Borduas''' ||The art of ] and the ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/paul-emile-borduas?media_type=41& |title=Paul Émile Borduas &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Paul Emile Borduas''' || 1995 ||The art of ] and the ] are featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/paul-emile-borduas |title=Paul Émile Borduas |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Le Reseau''' ||Engineer ] develops the ] telecommunications network.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/le-reseau?media_type=41& |title=Le Réseau &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date=1955-03-08 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Le Réseau''' || 1993 ||Engineer ] develops the ] telecommunications network.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/le-reseau |title=Le Réseau |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Flags'''||Lawyer, judge, and politician ] looks at ] for ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/flags?media_type=41& |title=Flags &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Flags'''||1990||Lawyer, judge, and politician ] looks at ] for ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/flags |title=Flags |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Expo 67''' ||The planning of the Montreal ] called Expo 67 is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/expo-67?media_type=41& |title=Expo '67 &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Expo 67'''|| 1997 ||The planning of the Montreal ] called Expo 67 is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/expo-67 |title=Expo '67 |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Inukshuk'''||An ] a stone landmark or cairn is built on ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/inukshuk?media_type=41& |title=Inukshuk &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Inukshuk'''|| 1993 ||An ] a stone landmark or cairn is built on ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/inukshuk |title=Inukshuk |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Dextraze in the Congo''' ||Brigadier-General ] resolves a hostage situation in the ] with his ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/dextraze-congo?media_type=41& |title=Dextraze in the Congo &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Dextraze in the Congo''' ||2005||Brigadier-General ] resolves a hostage situation in the ] with his ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/dextraze-congo |title=Dextraze in the Congo |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><ref name=2005Military/>
|- |-
| '''Richard Pierpoint''' ||] was a formerly enslaved Black Loyalist who, at age 68, enlisted black men to fight in the War of 1812. ] fought in a number of battles in the Niagara region and were instrumental to the war effort.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/richard-pierpoint?media_type=41& |title=Richard Pierpoint &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Richard Pierpoint'''|| 2012 ||] was a formerly enslaved Black Loyalist who, at age 68, enlisted black men to fight in the War of 1812. ] fought in a number of battles in the Niagara region and were instrumental to the war effort.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/richard-pierpoint |title=Richard Pierpoint |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Queenston Heights''' ||At the ] (October 13, 1812) Mohawk ] and 80 Grand River warriors surprised hundreds of advancing American soldiers and skirmished with them for hours until reinforcements arrived and the battle was won.<ref name="historicacanada1">{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/queenston-heights?media_type=41& |title=Queenston Heights &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Queenston Heights''' || 2013 ||At the ] (October 13, 1812) Mohawk ] and 80 Grand River warriors surprised hundreds of advancing American soldiers and skirmished with them for hours until reinforcements arrived and the battle was won.<ref name="historicacanada1">{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/queenston-heights |title=Queenston Heights |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|- |-
| '''Maple Leaf Gardens''' ||Considered one of the "cathedrals" of ice hockey, the construction and history of the ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maple-leaf-gardens?media_type=41& |title=Maple Leaf Gardens &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> | '''Maple Leaf Gardens''' || 2005 ||Considered one of the "cathedrals" of ice hockey, the construction and history of the ] is featured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/maple-leaf-gardens |title=Maple Leaf Gardens |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|-
|'''Sir John A. Macdonald'''|| 2014 ||The dominant figure of ], ] was the first ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sir-john-macdonald |title=Sir John A. Macdonald |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|-
|'''Sir George-Étienne Cartier'''|| 2014 || ] was a dominant figure in the politics of ] (now ]) overseeing its entry into Confederation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/sir-george-etienne-cartier? |title=Sir George-Étienne Cartier |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
|-
|'''Winnipeg Falcons'''||2014|| The ] were a senior ice hockey team that fought through discrimination and stayed together even through the ], on their way to winning the gold medal for Canada at the ]. Narrated by ] and an appearance by actor ]. This was the first Heritage Minute segment to extend longer than one minute.<ref name="winnipeg falcons">{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/winnipeg-falcons |title=Winnipeg Falcons |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2014}}</ref>
|-
|'''Nursing Sisters'''||2015|| ] commemorates the service and sacrifice of women on the front lines of the First World War through the retelling of a real event from May 1918. It is the story of two of the nearly 3000 trained nurses who served overseas. Narrated by ] and starring ].<ref name="nursing sisters">{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/nursing-sisters? |title=Nursing Sisters |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2015}}</ref>
|-
|'''Terry Fox'''||2015|| ] inspires the nation with his Marathon of Hope, a cross-country run to raise money for cancer research.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/terry-fox |title=Terry Fox |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2015}}</ref>
|-
|'''Viola Desmond'''||2016|| The story of ], an entrepreneur who challenged segregation in Nova Scotia in the 1940s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/viola-desmond |title=Viola Desmond |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2016}}</ref>
|-
|'''Chanie Wenjack'''||2016|| The story of ], whose death sparked the first inquest into the treatment of Indigenous children in Canadian ].<ref name="chanie wenjack">{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/chanie-wenjack |title=Chanie Wenjack |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2016}}</ref> Unlike other Heritage Minutes that were narrated by actors, Wenjack's was narrated by his sister, Pearl.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/new-heritage-minute-explores-dark-history-of-indian-residential-schools-1.3643363 |title=New Heritage Minute explores dark history of Indian residential schools|access-date=October 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018015814/http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/new-heritage-minute-explores-dark-history-of-indian-residential-schools-1.3643363 |archive-date=October 18, 2016|url-status=live|publisher=]|date=June 21, 2016}}</ref>
|-
|'''Naskumituwin (Treaty)'''||2016|| The making of ] from the perspective of historical witness ], an 18-year-old Cree hunter from Albany, James Bay.<ref name="naskumituwin">{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/naskumituwin-treaty |title=Naskumituwin (Treaty) |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2016}}</ref>
|-
|'''Kenojuak Ashevak'''||2016|| The story of ], an Inuit artist and a founder member of ]'s famed printmaking co-op.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/kenojuak-ashevak? |title=Kenujuak Ashevak |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2016}}</ref>
|-
|'''Edmonton Grads'''||2016|| The story of the ], a powerhouse women's basketball team. World Champions for 17 years, the Grads dominated regionally, nationally, and internationally for 25 years beginning in 1915. Dr. James Naismith called them "the finest team to ever step out onto a floor".<ref>{{cite web |title=Edmonton Grads |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2017 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/edmonton-grads-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Edmonton Grads |encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia |publisher=Historica Canada |first=Tabitha |last=Marshall |date=9 June 2017 |url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/edmonton-grads/}}</ref>
|-
|'''"Boat People" Refugees'''||2017|| A family escapes persecution in Vietnam, ] to a Malaysian refugee camp before finding a new home in Montreal (1980).<ref>{{cite web |title="Boat People" Refugees |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2017 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/boat-people-refugees}}</ref>
|-
|'''Kensington Market'''||2017|| In the first animated Heritage Minute new arrivals to Canada transform a ] as it passes from generation to generation and culture to culture.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kensington Market |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2017 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/kensington-market}}</ref>
|-
|'''Lucy Maud Montgomery'''||2018|| The story of ], who became known around the world as author of '']'' and 19 other novels, is narrated by The Right Hon. ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Lucy Maud Montgomery |publisher=Historica Canada |date=8 March 2018 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/lucy-maud-montgomery}}</ref>
|-
|'''Jim Egan'''||2018|| The story of ], who actively writes letters and articles in magazines and newspapers to advocate for equal rights and criticize the misunderstood and inaccurate perception of lesbian and gay people from 1949 to 1964. ] in 1995 became a milestone for LGBT rights in Canada.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jim Egan |publisher=Historica Canada |date=16 June 2018 |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/jim-egan/}}</ref>
|-
|'''Vancouver Asahi'''||2019|| From 1914 to 1941, the ] were one of the city's most dominant amateur baseball teams, winning multiple league titles in ] and along the Northwest Coast, until the team was scattered as they were ] during ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Vancouver Asahi|publisher=Historica Canada |date=2019 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/vancouver-asahi}}</ref> The short was narrated by Kaye Kaminishi, the sole surviving member of the team, and writer ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/vancouver-asahi-story-told-one-their-own-historica-canadas-new-heritage-minute|title=The Vancouver Asahi story told by one of their own in Historica Canada's new Heritage Minute &#124; Historica Canada|website=www.historicacanada.ca}}</ref> In addition to English and French versions of the minute, a Japanese version was also released.<ref>{{cite web |title=Heritage Minute tells tale of Japanese-Canadian baseball pioneers torn apart by internment |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/asahi-highlighted-in-heritage-minute-1.5026119}}</ref>
|-
|'''D-Day'''
|2019
|On June 6, 1944, Canadian Forces landed on ]. ], as this day would become known, was the largest amphibious invasion of all time, led to the liberation of France, and marked the beginning of the end of the Second World War. This Heritage Minute tells the story of 47-year-old Major ], a First World War veteran and leader of the North Shore New Brunswick Regiment's "A"&nbsp;Company. The story is a tribute to the Canadian soldiers who fought on D-Day – ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances. ] provided end narration for the minute.
|-
|'''Acadian Deportation'''
|2019
|The ] are descendants of early French settlers who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1604 and built a distinct culture and society over generations. Their peaceful existence was uprooted in 1755 when over 10,000 ] to ensure British rule in North America
|-
|'''Liberation of the Netherlands'''
|2020
|Between 1944 and 1945, Canadian armed forces were on their way to ] from Nazi Germany, who was occupying the country. The story is told through the eyes of Canadian Lieutenant ] of the ] and of Marguerite Blaisse, a Dutch citizen, who met and later after the war, moved to Vancouver to live together. The end narration was provided by ]. Another version of the minute was also released with Dutch subtitles.<ref>{{cite web |title=Liberation of the Netherlands|publisher=Historica Canada |date=2019 |url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/liberation-netherlands}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/latest-heritage-minute-commemorates-liberation-of-the-netherlands-1.4925000?cache=yes%3FclipId%3D89680%3FclipId%3D373266%3FclipId%3D89680%2F5-things-to-know-for-thursday-october-31-2019-1.4663743|title=Latest 'Heritage Minute' commemorates liberation of the Netherlands|first=Ben|last=Cousins|date=May 5, 2020|website=CTVNews}}</ref>
|-
|'''Elsie MacGill'''
|2020
|] was the world's first female aeronautical engineer and Canada's first practicing woman engineer. She oversaw Canada's production of ] aircraft at the ] factory during the Second World War. Hawker Hurricanes were one of the main fighters flown by Canadian and Allied airmen in the Battle of Britain. This Heritage Minute follows Elsie MacGill in her role as chief engineer overseeing the production of these instrumental aircraft. The minute was narrated by physicist and Nobel Prize winner ].<ref>{{Cite web|title=NEW Heritage Minute: Elsie MacGill - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stnMHGw8qkQ&feature=youtu.be |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/stnMHGw8qkQ |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-21|website=www.youtube.com| date=30 September 2020 }}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Elsie MacGill {{!}} Historica Canada|url=https://www.historicacanada.ca/content/heritage-minutes/elsie-macgill|access-date=2020-12-21|website=www.historicacanada.ca}}</ref>
|-
|'''Oscar Peterson'''
|2021
|] was a jazz pianist who grew up in the ] neighbourhood of ]. In his over 60-year career, he released over 200 recordings, won seven ], and received numerous other awards and honours.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/oscar-peterson-heritage-minute-1.5916855|title=New Heritage Minute celebrates Oscar Peterson's legendary jazz career|last=Friend|first=David|agency=]|publisher=]|date=17 February 2021|accessdate=18 February 2021}}</ref>
|-
|'''The Discovery of Insulin'''
|2021
|Starting in 1921, a team of scientists led by ] and ] at the ] isolated insulin, and in 1922 successfully used it to treat ] for the first time. The minute was narrated by actor ].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bliss|first=Michael|date=19 August 2015|title=The Discovery of Insulin|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-discovery-of-insulin|access-date=2021-08-24|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref>
|-
|'''Chloe Cooley'''
|2022
|], an enslaved Black woman in Upper Canada in 1793, engaged in acts of resistance against estate owner Adam Vrooman. As rumours of abolition circulated, Vrooman and his men kidnapped Chloe on March 14, 1793, and violently forced her onto a boat to the United States, where Vrooman hoped to profit from selling Chloe. Witnesses, including the free man Peter Martin, later testified to Chloe's resistance in the face of her violent removal, leading to Canada's first legislation limiting slavery. Despite this, slavery in Canada was not abolished until 1834.<ref></ref>
|-
|'''Tom Longboat'''
|2022
|] long-distance runner ] (whose name {{lang|moh|Gagwe꞉gih}} means "everything") was one of the most celebrated athletes of the early 20th century and has inspired generations of athletes. After running away from the Mohawk Institute Residential School in Brantford, Ontario, in 1900, he continued running his whole life. Despite the racism he faced as an Indigenous athlete, Tom won many races, including his record-breaking win at the 1907 Boston Marathon, making him a household name. In the Heritage Minute, while Longboat is a dispatch carrier during the First World War, an officer he is escorting struggles to keep up and complains, “Who do you think I am? Tom Longboat?”— Tom replies, “No, Sir… I am” and continues to run. Tom Longboat was portrayed by ] as an adult, ] as young Tom Longboat, and the voice of Tom Longboat was performed by ].<ref></ref>
|-
|'''Jackie Shane'''
|2022
|Singer ] was a key figure in the 1960s ], and an important pioneer ] performer.<ref>David Friend, . '']'', November 2, 2022.</ref>
|-
|'''Paldi'''
|2023
| Bishan Kaur describes her arrival in Canada in 1927 to join her husband, lumber entrepreneur Mayo Singh, in the mill town of ], in an era of uncertainty for Asian Canadians. In the face of anti-Asian sentiments and policies, the Mayo Lumber Company was established by Sikh lumbermen in 1917 and employed South Asian, Chinese, Japanese, and white Canadian workers. The town became known as a welcoming and inclusive home to people of all backgrounds, and mill workers and their families called Paldi home until the 1980s. Today, the historic site of the Paldi gurdwara remains a symbol of this inclusive, multicultural community.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Heritage Minute profile of B.C. town highlights history of South Asian Canadians for first time|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/heritage-minute-on-paldi-b-c-1.6815417}}</ref><ref></ref>
|-
|'''Mary "Bonnie" Baker'''
|2023
| In 1952, celebrity panelists on game show '']'' attempt to guess the extraordinary profession of guest ], with panelist ] correctly guessing Baker is a professional baseball player. Born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Baker was one of 68 Canadian players in the ] and debuted as a catcher for the ] in 1943, where she remained until 1949. The minute is narrated by Baker's daughter, Maureen "Chick" Baker.<ref></ref>
|-
|'''Norman Kwong'''
|2024
|] (portrayed by ]), born in Calgary in 1929, he began his professional football career one year after the end of the Chinese Exclusion Act, when Chinese Canadians were granted the right to vote in federal elections, and became the first ] player of Chinese heritage. Following his football career and winning four ]s, he became a co-owner of the Calgary Flames hockey team, and he would become lieutenant-governor of Alberta in 2005. The minute was narrated by actor ].<ref name="cbc2023">{{cite news |last1=Coulter |first1=Brendan |title=Calgary football pioneer Norman Kwong to be remembered in new Heritage Minute |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/calgary-football-pioneer-norman-kwong-to-be-remembered-in-new-heritage-minute-1.7020512 |access-date=8 November 2023 |publisher=CBC News |date=7 November 2023}}</ref><ref></ref>
|-
|'''Mary Riter Hamilton'''
|2024
|] (portrayed by ]), a Canadian painter, captures powerful imagery in her ] of the aftermath of the ].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nino Gheciu |first1=Alex |title=Heritage Minute on battlefield artist Mary Riter Hamilton reflects 'uncertain times' |url=https://www.princegeorgecitizen.com/ontario-news/heritage-minute-on-battlefield-artist-mary-riter-hamilton-reflects-uncertain-times-9724385 |publisher=Prince George Citizen |access-date=6 December 2024}}</ref>
|-
|'''Edwin Baker'''
|2024
|] (portrayed by legally blind actor ]), is blinded by a sniper's bullet. With the help of ], he becomes self-reliant and takes what he learns to helps others in Canada, culminating in co-founding the ]. The minute was narrated by Paralympic swimmer ], who also portrays a blind veteran.<ref>{{cite web |last1=W Group |first1=CN |title=New Heritage Minute Celebrates Edwin Baker |url=https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/heritage-minute-celebrates-edwin-baker-143300585.html |publisher=Yahoo |access-date=6 December 2024}}</ref>
|} |}


== Parodies == == Parodies ==


* The Canadian sketch comedy shows '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'', have all parodied the Heritage Minute format in sketches, or used the format for satire. ''<ref name="Molloy2012" /><ref name="Historicacanada-parodies" /> * The Canadian sketch comedy shows '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'', have parodied the ''Heritage Minute'' format in sketches, or used the format for satire.<ref name="Molloy2012" /><ref name="Historicacanada-parodies" />
* ]'' has aired short parodies titled "Sacrilege Moments".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chmmGveD7_8&list=PL8C70209C4E0E5DB6&index=24 |title=Canadian Sacrilege Moment: "I Can't Read" |publisher=YouTube |date=2010-02-05 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> * ] has aired short parodies titled "Sacrilege Moments".<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chmmGveD7_8&list=PL8C70209C4E0E5DB6&index=24 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/chmmGveD7_8 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Canadian Sacrilege Moment: "I Can't Read" |via=YouTube |date=5 February 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* Canadian rapper ] parodied the Heritage Minute in his music video for the song "O Canada..."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjiwBwBL4Qo&list=PL8C70209C4E0E5DB6&index=9 |title=Classified - "Oh... Canada" [Official Video |publisher=YouTube |date=2010-01-22 |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref> * Canadian rapper ] parodied the Heritage Minute in his music video for the song "O Canada..."<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjiwBwBL4Qo&list=PL8C70209C4E0E5DB6&index=9 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/XjiwBwBL4Qo |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Classified - "Oh... Canada" |via=YouTube |date=22 January 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* Canadian cartoonist ] adapted the Heritage Minute format in a comic about ], wife of former Canadian Prime Minister ].<ref>, HarkAVagrant.com website.</ref> * Canadian cartoonist ] adapted the ''Heritage Minute'' format in a comic about ], wife of former Canadian Prime Minister ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.harkavagrant.com/index.php?id=63 |author=Kate Beaton |title=Not Again, Margaret |work=HarkAVagrant.com |access-date=2017-08-12}}</ref>
* In 2007, the Internet comedy group ] celebrated ] by telling the story of the Heritage Minutes in the format of a Heritage Minute.<ref>, LoadingReadRun.com website.</ref> * In 2007, the Internet comedy group ] celebrated ] by telling the story of the ''Heritage Minutes'' in the format of a ''Heritage Minute''.<ref>{{cite AV media |title=A Part of our Heritage |publisher=LoadingReadRun |via=YouTube |date=1 February 2009 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZhlca4vJGw |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/xZhlca4vJGw |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* In the second episode of ] of '']'', the main challenge is based on parodying Heritage Minutes as "Her-itage Moments"; the parodied ads were the one on Nellie McClung and the ] movement in Manitoba, and the one about Dr. Wilder Penfield's advances in neuroscience research.<ref>Bianca Guzzo, . ''IN Magazine'', July 9, 2020.</ref>


== See also == == See also ==
{{Portal|History of Canada|History}} {{Portal|History|Canada}}
*'']'', similar 1970s series about the American Revolution

*]
* ]
* '']''
* ] * ]
* ] * '']''
* '']''
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] *'']''


== References == == References ==
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{{reflist|colwidth=30em|refs= {{reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=


<ref name="Barbour & Evans">{{cite web |url=http://www.educ.ualberta.ca/css/Css_41_1/ARBarbourEvans_history_by_minute.htm |title=History by the Minute: A Representative National History or a Common Sense of the Majority? |publisher=University of Georgia |author1=Michael Barbour |author2=Mark Evans |year=2008 |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
<ref name="Barbour & Evans">{{cite web
| url=http://www.educ.ualberta.ca/css/Css_41_1/ARBarbourEvans_history_by_minute.htm | title=History by the Minute: A Representative National History or a Common Sense of the Majority? | publisher=University of Georgia | authors= Michael Barbour, Mark Evans | year=2008 | accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref>


<ref name="CBC News-2012.10.10">, ], October 10, 2012.</ref> <ref name="CBC News-2012.10.10">, ], October 10, 2012.</ref>


<ref name="DruickKotsopoulos2008">{{cite book |author1=Zoë Druick |author2=Aspa Kotsopoulos |title=Programming Reality: Perspectives on English-Canadian Television |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UIkaWHBUZywC&pg=PA172 |year=2008 |publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press |isbn=978-1-55458-010-1 |pages=172–183}}</ref>
<ref name="CRTC">{{cite web
| url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/canrec/n1960-07.txt |title=List Of CRTC Canadian Program Recognition Numbers |date= 4 July 2007 |accessdate= 21 December 2009|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070714020136/http://www.crtc.gc.ca/canrec/n1960-07.txt |archivedate=2007-07-14 }}</ref>


<ref name="Historicacanada-parodies">{{cite web |url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/parodies |title=PARODIES &#124; Historica Canada |publisher=Historicacanada.ca |access-date=2013-10-04}}</ref>
<ref name="DruickKotsopoulos2008">{{cite book
|author1=Zoë Druick|author2=Aspa Kotsopoulos|title=Programming Reality: Perspectives on English-Canadian Television|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=UIkaWHBUZywC&pg=PA172|year=2008|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|isbn=978-1-55458-010-1|pages=172–183}}</ref>


<ref name="Molloy2012">{{cite book |author=Patricia Molloy |title=Canada/US and Other Unfriendly Relations: Before and After 9/11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1RfIAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA53 |date=2012 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-1-137-03145-7 |page=53}}</ref>
<ref name="Historicacanada-parodies">{{cite web
| url=http://www.historicacanada.ca/content/parodies | title=PARODIES &#124; Historica Canada | publisher=Historicacanada.ca | date= |accessdate=2013-10-04}}</ref>

<ref name="Molloy2012">{{cite book
|author=Patricia Molloy|title=Canada/US and Other Unfriendly Relations: Before and After 9/11|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=1RfIAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA53|date= 2012|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-03145-7|page=53}}</ref>

<ref name="Toronto Star-2013.09.29">Duabs, Katie. , '']'', September 29, 2013, p. A1; published online at TheStar.com as "Being In a Heritage Minute: A Part of Our Heritage." Retrieved on September 29, 2013.</ref>


}} }}


==Further Reading == == Further reading ==
{{refbegin}} {{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|author1=Russell J.A. Kilbourn|author2=Eleanor Ty|author3=Erin peters|title=The Memory Effect: The Remediation of Memory in Literature and Film|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Lt7fAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT284|year=2013|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|isbn=978-1-55458-916-6|page=284|chapter=14 - The Heritage Minutes: Nostalgia, Nationalism, and Canadian Collective Memory }} *{{cite book |author=Pierre Berton |title=For the Love of History: Winners of the Pierre Berton Award Bring to Life Canada's Past |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_BhrVdCNhoC&pg=PT68 |year=2010 |publisher=Doubleday Canada |isbn=978-0-385-67363-1 |page=68 |chapter=The heritage minutes and how they grew}}
*{{cite book|author1=Zoë Druick|author2=Aspa Kotsopoulos|title=Programming Reality: Perspectives on English-Canadian Television|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=UIkaWHBUZywC&pg=PA171|year=2008|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|isbn=978-1-55458-010-1|chapter=heritage minutes and the use of educational television|page=171}} *{{cite book |author1=Zoë Druick |author2=Aspa Kotsopoulos |title=Programming Reality: Perspectives on English-Canadian Television |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UIkaWHBUZywC&pg=PA171 |year=2008 |publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press |isbn=978-1-55458-010-1 |chapter=Heritage minutes and the use of educational television |page=171}}
*{{cite book |author1=Russell J.A. Kilbourn |author2=Eleanor Ty |author3=Erin Peters |title=The Memory Effect: The Remediation of Memory in Literature and Film |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lt7fAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT284 |year=2013 |publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press |isbn=978-1-55458-916-6 |page=284 |chapter=The Heritage Minutes: Nostalgia, Nationalism, and Canadian Collective Memory}}
*{{cite book|author=Nuala Lawlor|title=The Heritage Minutes: The Charles R. Bronfman Foundation's Construction of the Canadian Identity|year=1999|publisher=McGill University}}
*{{cite thesis |first=Nuala |last=Lawlor |others=Robinson, Gertrude (advisor) |type=Master of Arts |title=The Heritage Minutes: The Charles R. Bronfman Foundation's Construction of the Canadian Identity |url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0017/MQ54996.pdf |year=1999 |publisher=McGill University (Library and Archives Canada)}}
*{{cite book|author=Pierre Berton|title=For the Love of History: Winners of the Pierre Berton Award Bring to Life Canada's Past|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=l_BhrVdCNhoC&pg=PT68|year=2010|publisher=Doubleday Canada|isbn=978-0-385-67363-1|page=68|chapter=The heritage minutes and how they grew}}
{{refend}} {{refend}}


== External links == == External links ==

* *
* - official YouTube channel


{{History of Canada navbox}} {{History of Canada navbox}}
{{People of Canada}} {{People of Canada}}



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Latest revision as of 11:35, 27 December 2024

Canadian television series

An 1885 Robert Harris painting, A Meeting of the School Trustees, depicted in the 1992 Heritage Minute episode "Rural Teacher", on the benefits of pedagogy

The Heritage Minutes is a series of sixty-second short films, each illustrating an important moment in Canadian history. Published by Historica Canada the Minutes integrate Canadian history, folklore and myths into dramatic storylines. Like the Canada Vignettes of the 1970s, the Minutes themselves have become a part of Canadian culture and been the subject of academic studies as well as parody.

The Minutes were first introduced on March 31, 1991, as part of a one-off history quiz show hosted by Wayne Rostad. Originally distributed to schools, they appeared frequently on Canadian television and in cinemas before feature films, and were later available online and on DVD. "Radio minutes" have also been made. From 1991 to 1995, 50 episodes aired. In 2012, new Minutes were produced in the lead-up to Canada's sesquicentennial (150th anniversary of Canadian Confederation) in 2017.

The Minutes have featured appearances by some of Canada's best-known personalities, including Jared Keeso, Michael Shanks, Calum Worthy, Colm Feore, Dan Aykroyd, and Kate Nelligan. Voice-over end narration for the Heritage Minutes has been provided by such recognizable voices as Peter Mansbridge, k.d. lang, Adrienne Clarkson, and Lloyd Robertson.

Background

The thirteen original short films were broken up and run between shows on CBC Television and the CTV Network. The continued broadcast of the Minutes and the production of new ones was pioneered by Charles Bronfman's CRB Foundation (subsequently The Historica Dominion Institute), Canada Post (with Bell Canada being a later sponsor), Power Broadcasting (the broadcasting arm of the Power Corporation of Canada), and the National Film Board. They were devised, developed, and largely narrated (as well as scripted) by noted Canadian broadcaster Patrick Watson, while the producer of the series was Robert Guy Scully.

In 2009, "The Historica Foundation of Canada" merged with "The Dominion Institute" to become "The Historica-Dominion Institute", a national charitable organization. In September 2013, the organization changed its name to "Historica Canada". While the foundations have not paid networks to air Minutes, in the early years they have paid to have them run in cinema theatres across the country. The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) has ruled that Heritage Minutes are an "on-going dramatic series"; each vignette thus counts as ninety-seconds of a station's Canadian content requirements.

Loyalist Laura Secord warning the British (Lieutenant – James FitzGibbon) and First Nations of an impending American attack at Beaver Dams June 1813. By Lorne Kidd Smith, c. 1920.

The first sets of Heritage Minutes were released in five segments between 1991 and 2000. A set of eight new Heritage Minutes, covering military moments in Canadian history, were released in 2005. In 2012, two new Minutes were created on the War of 1812 in anticipation of the war's bicentenary, and in 2014 two more Minutes were released on John A. Macdonald and George-Étienne Cartier that had been filmed in and around Toronto in September 2013. To honour the centenary of the start of World War I two Minutes were released: one on the Winnipeg Falcons in 2014 and one on Canadian Nursing Sisters in early 2015. In September 2015, to commemorate the 35th anniversary of Terry Fox's run to conquer cancer, Historica released a "Minute" on Fox's inspirational run.

February 2016 saw the release of a "Minute" on Viola Desmond, a trailblazing black female entrepreneur from Halifax who spoke out against racial discrimination in Nova Scotia. On June 21, the 20th anniversary of National Aboriginal Day, Historica Canada released two new Minutes. The first tells the story of Chanie "Charlie" Wenjack, whose death sparked the first inquest into the treatment of Indigenous children in Canadian residential schools. The second, Naskumituwin, highlights the making of Treaty 9 from the perspective of historical witness George Spence, an 18-year-old Cree hunter from Albany, James Bay. On October 19, Historica Canada released another Heritage Minute that shows a story about an Inuit artist named Kenojuak Ashevak. It is also the first Heritage minute that is narrated on not just its official languages (English and French) but also a third language, where this Heritage Minute is narrated in Inuktitut.

A 2012 Ipsos Reid poll of 3,900 Canadians selected the five most popular Minutes. Tied for first place were the episodes on Jackie Robinson and the Halifax Explosion, followed by Jennie Kidd Trout, Winnie-the-Pooh and Laura Secord.

List

Of the over 100 "Heritage Minutes" available online, one on Canadian peacekeeping in Cyprus was pulled from broadcast shortly after its 1991 premiere, and was only posted on Historica Canada YouTube channel in 2016, well being omitted from the listing on "Historica Canada" official website. According to The Canadian Encyclopedia published by Historica Canada:

External videos
video icon The Lost Heritage Minute - “Lester B. Pearson” (variously called “Cyprus” and “Peacekeepers”)" – Historica Canada. - Heritage Minutes (1:01 min)

A Minute about Canadian peacekeepers in Cyprus produced in 1991 was criticized by Turkey’s ambassador to Canada on the grounds that it depicted Turkish citizens in a poor light. The producers responded that the Minute explored Canada’s role in peacekeeping and that no slight to Turkey was intended. The Minute was soon pulled because of historically inaccurate costume details that were discovered after the Minute was released. As well, the Turkish ambassador to Ottawa complained that the Minute treated his country unfairly. However, the producers have said this was not a factor in the decision to pull it from circulation.

In 2020, three Heritage Minutes were deleted from Historica's website and Youtube channel - Louis Riel (1991), Grey Owl (1999), and Sir John A. Macdonald (2014). Historica told CTV News in 2024 that the removal of the Louis Riel Heritage Minute was due to a lack of consultation with the Métis community at the time of production, and concerns about presenting the Heritage Minute in classrooms, due to it graphically showing the hanging of the Metis Leader. However, the Manitoba Metis Federation stated that Historica had not consulted with them about removing the Heritage Minute and expressed support for the violent reality of the depiction.

Episode Released Description
Peacemaker 1992 The formation of the Iroquois Confederacy presented by a First Nations grandfather explaining the significance of the Great Peace to his granddaughter.
Vikings 1992 L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland is settled by Norsemen (Vikings) around the year 1000 CE.
John Cabot 1991 Italian navigator and explorer John Cabot discovers the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.
Jacques Cartier 1991 French navigator and explorer Jacques Cartier misunderstands some Natives resulting in the name Canada.
Jean Nicolet 1992 French coureur des bois and explorer Jean Nicolet becomes the first European to reach Lake Michigan, but thinks it's the Pacific.
Governor Frontenac 1992 New France, under the leadership of French governor Louis de Buade de Frontenac, repels the British invasion at the Battle of Quebec (1690) (narration was later added to this Minute in order to clarify the story).
Syrup 1997 A First Nations family teaches early settlers how to make maple syrup.
Laura Secord 1993 Canadian heroine Laura Secord aids the British in the War of 1812 with an overland trek to warn of an American military advance.
Responsible Government 1991 Queen Victoria decides to grant Canada responsible government after the crushing of the Rebellions of 1837.
Baldwin & LaFontaine 1992 Lawyer and politician Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine build interlingual cooperation.
Orphans 1991 French Canadian families adopt Irish orphans in the 1850s while allowing them to keep their original names.
Underground Railroad 1991 An African American escapes to Canada along the Underground Railroad.
Etienne Parent 1990 Journalist and government official Étienne Parent demands equality for French and English.
Hart & Papineau 1995 The efforts of politician and lawyer Louis-Joseph Papineau give full equality of religion to Jews in Canada.
The Paris Crew 1995 The surprise victory of the Paris Crew, a group of unheralded Canadian rowers, at the 1867 World Championships.
Joseph Tyrrell 1992 Geologist and cartographer Joseph Tyrrell discovers a plethora of dinosaur bones in Alberta (see Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology).
Basketball 1992 Sports coach James Naismith's invention of basketball is featured.
Joseph Casavant 1992 Joseph Casavant, world-renowned organ maker is featured.
Emily Carr 1992 The art of Emily Carr is featured.
Soddie 1991 Prairie settlers build a house of sod (see Addison Sod House).
Midwife 1992 A look at the importance of midwives in early Canada.
Saguenay Fire 1992 The 1870 fire in Saguenay is featured.
Sandford Fleming 1990 Engineer and inventor Sandford Fleming develops the system of international standard time.
Nitro 1990 A young Chinese Canadian risks his life to set a dangerous nitroglycerine charge while helping to build the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s.
Jennie Trout 1991 Jennie Trout becomes Canada's first woman doctor.
Rural Teacher 1992 Teacher Kate Henderson sways school trustees to embrace new methods, and the event is represented in the famous painting by Robert Harris, A Meeting of the School Trustees (see image at top).
Louis Riel 1991 The achievements and execution of political and spiritual leader Louis Riel are featured.
Sitting Bull 1990 Native American Chief Sitting Bull seeks refuge in Canada (starring Graham Greene as Sitting Bull).
Les Voltigeurs de Québec 1990 The rehearsal for the first performance of O Canada.
Grey Owl 1999 Englishman Archie Belaney (played by Pierce Brosnan) rises to prominence as a notable author and lecturer after he took on the First Nations identity called Grey Owl.
Frontier College 1997 Frontier College educates those away from the urban centres.
Sam Steele 1993 Major-General and police official Sam Steele (portrayed by Alan Scarfe) of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police bars an unruly American (portrayed by Don S. Davis) from entering the Yukon with pistols, despite being threatened at gunpoint.
Emily Murphy 1992 Women's rights activist, jurist, and author Emily Murphy's (played by Kate Nelligan) quest for equal rights for women.
Myrnam Hospital 1995 The town of Myrnam, Alberta forms a non-denominational hospital.
Agnes Macphail 1992 The first woman to be elected to the Canadian House of Commons, Agnes Macphail, fights for penal reform.
Marconi 1990 Inventor Guglielmo Marconi receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signals in Newfoundland and is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
John McCrae 1990 Author, artist and physician during World War I John McCrae pens In Flanders Fields (starring Colm Feore as McCrae).
Halifax Explosion 1991 Train dispatcher Vince Coleman sacrifices his own life to save a train from the Halifax Explosion.
Vimy Ridge 2005 General Arthur Currie prepares his forces for the successful taking of Vimy Ridge in World War I.
Valour Road 1991 Three men from Pine Street in Winnipeg win the Victoria Cross in World War I, and the street's name is changed to Valour Road in their honour.
Winnie 1990 The bear of Canadian soldier Harry Colebourn becomes the inspiration for Winnie the Pooh.
Nellie McClung 1991 Feminist, politician, and social activist Nellie McClung demands the right to vote in Manitoba.
Joseph-Armand Bombardier 1993 Inventor Joseph-Armand Bombardier and the beginnings of his passion for engineering.
J.S. Woodsworth 2003 Author, lecturer and social activist J. S. Woodsworth convinces Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King to introduce old age pensions.
Superman 1991 Comic book artist Joe Shuster, en route to visit his cousin, Frank Shuster, creates Superman.
Water Pump 1995 Canadian Mennonites devise sustainable agriculture practices that aid the Third World.
La Bolduc 1993 The story of how Mary Travers becomes a famed popular singer in Quebec.
Bluenose 1995 The ship Bluenose an important Canadian symbol in the 1930s wins its last race.
Wilder Penfield 1991 How Dr. Wilder Penfield makes important discoveries in neuroscience when a patient smells burnt toast as the initial signal for an epileptic seizure, during the Montreal procedure.
Osborn of Hong Kong 2005 Sgt. Major John Robert Osborn sacrifices his life to protect his men from Japanese forces during the Battle of Hong Kong in World War II, and is posthumously granted the Victoria Cross.
Marion Orr 1997 Female World War II pilot Marion Orr is featured.
Mona Parsons 2005 Mona Parsons, a partisan World War II Allied agent in the Netherlands escapes execution and later imprisonment by the Nazis and meets her future husband who confirms her nationality to Canadian forces liberating the nation.
Juno Beach 2005 Broadcaster Johnny Lombardi entertains his comrades in the field during a respite of the World War II D-Day taking of Juno Beach by Canadian forces.
Andrew Mynarski 2005 Pilot officer Andrew Mynarski's attempt to free his friend from a bomber turret.
Tommy Prince 2005 A eulogy is given for Tommy Prince, Canada's most-decorated Aboriginal war veteran.
Home from the Wars 2005 Returning World War II veterans successfully agitate for increasing housing assistance.
John Humphrey 1997 Legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate John Humphrey drafts the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Jackie Robinson 1997 Baseball player Jackie Robinson joins the Montreal Royals on October 23, 1945.
Lucille Teasdale 2000 Surgeon Lucille Teasdale devotes her life to helping the poor in Africa.
Marshall McLuhan 1990 Philosopher of communication theory Marshall McLuhan coins the phrases "the medium is the message" and "global village".
Maurice Ruddick 1993 Miner Maurice Ruddick recounts the 1958 Springhill mine disaster.
Nat Taylor 1997 How Nat Taylor invents the multiplex theater.
Pauline Vanier 1995 The achievements of professional diplomats Georges and Pauline Vanier are featured.
Maurice "Rocket" Richard 1997 Hockey player Maurice Richard, portrayed by actor Roy Dupuis, scores five goals and three assists for eight points in a single game. Dupuis reprises the role for the 2005 Maurice Richard biographical film The Rocket.
Stratford 1997 A look back at the beginning of the Stratford Festival of Canada.
Jacques Plante 1991 Jacques Plante becomes the first NHL player to wear a goaltender mask in regular play.
Avro Arrow 1990 The development of the Avro Arrow (this Heritage Minute was made using footage from the 1996 mini-series The Arrow).
Paul Emile Borduas 1995 The art of Paul-Émile Borduas and the Quiet Revolution are featured.
Le Réseau 1993 Engineer Thomas Wardrope Eadie develops the Trans Canada Microwave telecommunications network.
Flags 1990 Lawyer, judge, and politician John Matheson looks at candidates for Canada's new flag.
Expo 67 1997 The planning of the Montreal International and Universal Exposition called Expo 67 is featured.
Inukshuk 1993 An Inuksuk a stone landmark or cairn is built on Baffin Island.
Dextraze in the Congo 2005 Brigadier-General Jacques Dextraze resolves a hostage situation in the Congo with his UN Peacekeeping forces contingent.
Richard Pierpoint 2012 Richard Pierpoint was a formerly enslaved Black Loyalist who, at age 68, enlisted black men to fight in the War of 1812. Captain Runchey's Company of Coloured Men fought in a number of battles in the Niagara region and were instrumental to the war effort.
Queenston Heights 2013 At the Battle of Queenston Heights (October 13, 1812) Mohawk Chief John Norton and 80 Grand River warriors surprised hundreds of advancing American soldiers and skirmished with them for hours until reinforcements arrived and the battle was won.
Maple Leaf Gardens 2005 Considered one of the "cathedrals" of ice hockey, the construction and history of the Maple Leaf Gardens is featured.
Sir John A. Macdonald 2014 The dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, John A. Macdonald was the first Prime Minister of Canada.
Sir George-Étienne Cartier 2014 George-Étienne Cartier was a dominant figure in the politics of Canada East (now Quebec) overseeing its entry into Confederation.
Winnipeg Falcons 2014 The Winnipeg Falcons were a senior ice hockey team that fought through discrimination and stayed together even through the First World War, on their way to winning the gold medal for Canada at the 1920 Olympics. Narrated by George Stroumboulopoulos and an appearance by actor Jared Keeso. This was the first Heritage Minute segment to extend longer than one minute.
Nursing Sisters 2015 Nursing Sisters commemorates the service and sacrifice of women on the front lines of the First World War through the retelling of a real event from May 1918. It is the story of two of the nearly 3000 trained nurses who served overseas. Narrated by Molly Parker and starring Siobhan Williams.
Terry Fox 2015 Terry Fox inspires the nation with his Marathon of Hope, a cross-country run to raise money for cancer research.
Viola Desmond 2016 The story of Viola Desmond, an entrepreneur who challenged segregation in Nova Scotia in the 1940s.
Chanie Wenjack 2016 The story of Chanie "Charlie" Wenjack, whose death sparked the first inquest into the treatment of Indigenous children in Canadian residential schools. Unlike other Heritage Minutes that were narrated by actors, Wenjack's was narrated by his sister, Pearl.
Naskumituwin (Treaty) 2016 The making of Treaty 9 from the perspective of historical witness George Spence, an 18-year-old Cree hunter from Albany, James Bay.
Kenojuak Ashevak 2016 The story of Kenojuak Ashevak, an Inuit artist and a founder member of Cape Dorset's famed printmaking co-op.
Edmonton Grads 2016 The story of the Edmonton Grads, a powerhouse women's basketball team. World Champions for 17 years, the Grads dominated regionally, nationally, and internationally for 25 years beginning in 1915. Dr. James Naismith called them "the finest team to ever step out onto a floor".
"Boat People" Refugees 2017 A family escapes persecution in Vietnam, traveling by boat to a Malaysian refugee camp before finding a new home in Montreal (1980).
Kensington Market 2017 In the first animated Heritage Minute new arrivals to Canada transform a single store as it passes from generation to generation and culture to culture.
Lucy Maud Montgomery 2018 The story of Lucy Maud Montgomery, who became known around the world as author of Anne of Green Gables and 19 other novels, is narrated by The Right Hon. Adrienne Clarkson.
Jim Egan 2018 The story of Jim Egan, who actively writes letters and articles in magazines and newspapers to advocate for equal rights and criticize the misunderstood and inaccurate perception of lesbian and gay people from 1949 to 1964. His case in 1995 became a milestone for LGBT rights in Canada.
Vancouver Asahi 2019 From 1914 to 1941, the Vancouver Asahi were one of the city's most dominant amateur baseball teams, winning multiple league titles in Vancouver and along the Northwest Coast, until the team was scattered as they were interned during World War II. The short was narrated by Kaye Kaminishi, the sole surviving member of the team, and writer Joy Kogawa. In addition to English and French versions of the minute, a Japanese version was also released.
D-Day 2019 On June 6, 1944, Canadian Forces landed on Juno Beach. D-Day, as this day would become known, was the largest amphibious invasion of all time, led to the liberation of France, and marked the beginning of the end of the Second World War. This Heritage Minute tells the story of 47-year-old Major Archie MacNaughton, a First World War veteran and leader of the North Shore New Brunswick Regiment's "A" Company. The story is a tribute to the Canadian soldiers who fought on D-Day – ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances. Peter Mansbridge provided end narration for the minute.
Acadian Deportation 2019 The Acadians are descendants of early French settlers who arrived in Nova Scotia in 1604 and built a distinct culture and society over generations. Their peaceful existence was uprooted in 1755 when over 10,000 Acadians were ripped from their homeland to ensure British rule in North America
Liberation of the Netherlands 2020 Between 1944 and 1945, Canadian armed forces were on their way to liberate the Netherlands from Nazi Germany, who was occupying the country. The story is told through the eyes of Canadian Lieutenant Wilf Gildersleeve of the Seaforth Highlanders and of Marguerite Blaisse, a Dutch citizen, who met and later after the war, moved to Vancouver to live together. The end narration was provided by Peter Mansbridge. Another version of the minute was also released with Dutch subtitles.
Elsie MacGill 2020 Elsie MacGill was the world's first female aeronautical engineer and Canada's first practicing woman engineer. She oversaw Canada's production of Hawker Hurricane aircraft at the Canadian Car & Foundry factory during the Second World War. Hawker Hurricanes were one of the main fighters flown by Canadian and Allied airmen in the Battle of Britain. This Heritage Minute follows Elsie MacGill in her role as chief engineer overseeing the production of these instrumental aircraft. The minute was narrated by physicist and Nobel Prize winner Dr. Donna Strickland.
Oscar Peterson 2021 Oscar Peterson was a jazz pianist who grew up in the Montreal neighbourhood of Little Burgundy. In his over 60-year career, he released over 200 recordings, won seven Grammy Awards, and received numerous other awards and honours.
The Discovery of Insulin 2021 Starting in 1921, a team of scientists led by Frederick Banting and Charles Best at the University of Toronto isolated insulin, and in 1922 successfully used it to treat Type 1 diabetes for the first time. The minute was narrated by actor Victor Garber.
Chloe Cooley 2022 Chloe Cooley, an enslaved Black woman in Upper Canada in 1793, engaged in acts of resistance against estate owner Adam Vrooman. As rumours of abolition circulated, Vrooman and his men kidnapped Chloe on March 14, 1793, and violently forced her onto a boat to the United States, where Vrooman hoped to profit from selling Chloe. Witnesses, including the free man Peter Martin, later testified to Chloe's resistance in the face of her violent removal, leading to Canada's first legislation limiting slavery. Despite this, slavery in Canada was not abolished until 1834.
Tom Longboat 2022 Onondaga long-distance runner Tom Longboat (whose name Gagwe꞉gih means "everything") was one of the most celebrated athletes of the early 20th century and has inspired generations of athletes. After running away from the Mohawk Institute Residential School in Brantford, Ontario, in 1900, he continued running his whole life. Despite the racism he faced as an Indigenous athlete, Tom won many races, including his record-breaking win at the 1907 Boston Marathon, making him a household name. In the Heritage Minute, while Longboat is a dispatch carrier during the First World War, an officer he is escorting struggles to keep up and complains, “Who do you think I am? Tom Longboat?”— Tom replies, “No, Sir… I am” and continues to run. Tom Longboat was portrayed by Joshua Odjick as an adult, Sladen Peltier as young Tom Longboat, and the voice of Tom Longboat was performed by Gary Farmer.
Jackie Shane 2022 Singer Jackie Shane was a key figure in the 1960s Toronto Sound, and an important pioneer transgender performer.
Paldi 2023 Bishan Kaur describes her arrival in Canada in 1927 to join her husband, lumber entrepreneur Mayo Singh, in the mill town of Paldi, in an era of uncertainty for Asian Canadians. In the face of anti-Asian sentiments and policies, the Mayo Lumber Company was established by Sikh lumbermen in 1917 and employed South Asian, Chinese, Japanese, and white Canadian workers. The town became known as a welcoming and inclusive home to people of all backgrounds, and mill workers and their families called Paldi home until the 1980s. Today, the historic site of the Paldi gurdwara remains a symbol of this inclusive, multicultural community.
Mary "Bonnie" Baker 2023 In 1952, celebrity panelists on game show What's My Line? attempt to guess the extraordinary profession of guest Mary “Bonnie” Baker, with panelist Dorothy Kilgallen correctly guessing Baker is a professional baseball player. Born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Baker was one of 68 Canadian players in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League and debuted as a catcher for the South Bend Blue Sox in 1943, where she remained until 1949. The minute is narrated by Baker's daughter, Maureen "Chick" Baker.
Norman Kwong 2024 Norman Kwong (portrayed by Patrick Kwok-Choon), born in Calgary in 1929, he began his professional football career one year after the end of the Chinese Exclusion Act, when Chinese Canadians were granted the right to vote in federal elections, and became the first CFL player of Chinese heritage. Following his football career and winning four Grey Cups, he became a co-owner of the Calgary Flames hockey team, and he would become lieutenant-governor of Alberta in 2005. The minute was narrated by actor Andrew Phung.
Mary Riter Hamilton 2024 Mary Riter Hamilton (portrayed by Megan Follows), a Canadian painter, captures powerful imagery in her paintings of the aftermath of the First World War.
Edwin Baker 2024 Edwin Baker (portrayed by legally blind actor Bruce Horak), is blinded by a sniper's bullet. With the help of Sir Arthur Pearson, he becomes self-reliant and takes what he learns to helps others in Canada, culminating in co-founding the Canadian National Institute for the Blind. The minute was narrated by Paralympic swimmer Donovan Tildesley, who also portrays a blind veteran.

Parodies

See also

References

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  124. David Friend, "Transgender soul pioneer Jackie Shane subject of Heritage Minute". Toronto Star, November 2, 2022.
  125. "New Heritage Minute profile of B.C. town highlights history of South Asian Canadians for first time".
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