List of wars involving Algeria: Difference between revisions

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			{{short description\|None}}
	{{History of Algeria}}
			{{protection padlock\|small=yes}}
			{{Multiple issues\|
			{{Cleanup\|reason=entries not meeting article criteria "List of wars"; unnecessary use of bold font; use of unverified flags for historical states\|date=December 2023}}
			{{More citations needed\|date=December 2023}}
			}}

			This is a '''list of wars involving the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria''' and its predecessor states.
	{\| class="wikitable"

			:{{legend2\|#F88\|style="background:#F88"\|Algerian defeat\|border=1px solid #AAA}}
			:{{legend2\|#AF9\|style="background:#AF9"\|Algerian victory\|border=1px solid #AAA}}
			:{{legend2\|#BBF\|Another result (e.g: Treaty, ''status quo ante bellum'', indecisive/stalemate/withdrawal etc... or indecisive)\|border=1px solid #AAA}}

			== Zayyanid Kingdom of Tlemcen (1235–1556) ==
			{\| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
			! rowspan="2" \|Conflict
			! colspan="2" \|'''Belligerents'''
			! rowspan="2" \|Result for Algeria and its Allies
	\|-		\|-
			! width="140" \|Combatant 1
	! style="background:#007229" width=170\|<span style="color: white">Conflict</span>
			! width="140" \|Combatant 2
	! style="background:#007229" width=130\|<span style="color: white">Algeria and allies</span>
	! style="background:#007229" width=130\|<span style="color: white">Opponents</span>
	! style="background:#007229" width=270\|<span style="color: white">Results</span>
	\|-		\|-
			\|''']''' (1236–1248)
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] <small>(1954–1962)</small>

	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] ]<br/>] ]<br/>] ]
			* '']''<br />'''Location:''' '''] and eastern ]'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{flag\|France\|size=22px}}<hr/>] ]<br>{{flagicon\|France\|size=22px}} ]
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\|'''Victory''' <ref>https://books.google.fr/books?id=cU31neSrLUwC&pg=PA110&dq=%22Algerian+victory%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=Dw_iVIKCKbPY7AajzYGwBQ&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22Algerian%20victory%22&f=false</ref><ref>https://books.google.fr/books?id=rjHjBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA46&dq=%22Algerian+victory%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=Dw_iVIKCKbPY7AajzYGwBQ&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22Algerian%20victory%22&f=false</ref><ref>https://books.google.fr/books?id=x_-5XTVKW08C&pg=PA102&dq=%22Algerian+victory%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=4A7iVK73Asqc7Abb_4G4Bg&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Algerian%20victory%22&f=false</ref><ref>https://books.google.fr/books?id=a08owAWb-F8C&pg=PA73&dq=%22Algerian+victory%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=Dw_iVIKCKbPY7AajzYGwBQ&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAg</ref><ref>https://books.google.fr/books?id=u8KDn_CPIJ8C&pg=PA231&dq=%22Algerian+victory%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ei=KBHiVNG1JIXuUvWDgegE&ved=0CFwQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q=%22Algerian%20victory%22&f=false</ref>
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Almohad_Dynasty_(1147-1269).svg}} ''']'''
	* Diplomatic victory<ref>Matthew James Connelly, ''A Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria's Fight for Independence and the Origins of the Post-cold War Era'', Oxford University Press, 2002</ref>

	* Military stalemate<ref>The Algerian War 1954-62, By Martin Windrow, Mike Chappell, page 11</ref><ref>Introduction to Comparative Politics, By Mark Kesselman, Joel Krieger, William Joseph, page 108</ref><ref>Contracting States: Sovereign Transfers in International Relations, By Alexander Cooley, Hendrik Spruyt, page 63</ref><ref>Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Jan 1967, page 48</ref><ref>Christian A. Herter: The American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy By George Bernard Noble, page 155</ref>
			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''

			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			*Independence of the Zayyanid emirate secured
			\|-
			\|''']<br />'''
			'''Location:], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* ] stays under ] control for 11 years
			\|-
			\|]
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Marinids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|''']''' ]]
			'''Location: ], ] and ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Victory'''
			* Zayyanid withdrawal
			\|-
			\|] '''<small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Marinids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|]
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Marinids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Marinids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Marinids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			* '']''
			* '']''
			'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Partial Victory'''
			* The Hafsids defeated in Temzezdekt and er-Rias
			* The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|''']<br /><br />Location:], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The Hafsids briefly become vassal to the Zayyanids
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''
			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Hafsid-Marinid Victory'''
			* The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Victory'''
			* Beginning of the first Marinid Occupation (1337–1348)
			\|-
			\|''']''' '''<small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Decisive Victory'''
			* Full annexation of the Zayyanid kingdom
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>''' (April 1348)
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''

			] ''']'''<br />''']'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid-Hafsid Victory'''
			* Independence of Tlemcen
			\|-
			\|''']''' '''<small>]]</small>''' (October 1348)
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			* ]
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Inconclusive'''
			* The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city
			* Death of the governor of Marinid Oran ]
			\|-
			\|''']''' '''<small>]]</small>''' (27 July– August 1349)
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* ] is annexed by the Zayyanids
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* The city of ] serve as border between the two ]
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* End of the second Marinid Occupation (1352–1359)
			\|-
			\|''']''' '''<small>]]</small>''' (1360–1361)
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* ] is re annexed by the Zayyanids
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Decisive Victory'''
			* Brief occupation of the Zayyanid Kingdom
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Victory'''
			* Tlemcen briefly occupied
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Victory'''
			* Marinid client briefly placed on the throne
			\|-
			\|''']''' (July 1 – October 1, 1390)
			'''Location: ], ]''']
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Hafsid_Dynasty_(1229_-_1574).svg}} ''']'''

			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Béjaïa_(14th_century).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Royal_flag_of_France.svg}} ]'''
			{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Genoa.svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid-Hafsid Victory'''
			* '']''
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Marinid Victory'''
			* The Zayyanids recognize Marinid ] until 1411
			\|-
			\|''']''' (1423)
			<br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Marinid_and_Saadi_Dynasty_(1258-1420)_(1554-1659).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid victory'''
			* Zayyanid client briefly installed on the Marinid throne
			\|-
			\|'''] <small>]]</small>'''
			'''Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg}} ]'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* Spanish expedition Failure
			* The Zayyanid navy continues to evacuate the ] residents in ]
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			'''<br />Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Portugal_(1667).svg}} ''']'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* Mers el Kébir defended from Portuguese invasion
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			'''<br />Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Banner_of_arms_crown_of_Castille_Habsbourg_style.svg}} ]'''
			\|'''Spanish Victory'''
			* Mers-el-Kébir captured by Spain
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			'''<br />Location: ], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* 2,000 ] and 400 ] on the Spanish side
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			<br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''] after the successful capture of the city]]
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|'''Spanish victory'''
			* Founding of ]
			\|-
			\|''']''' (June – July 1535)
			'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]'''
			* ]
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|'''Zayyanid Victory'''
			* Spanish Failure to establish a vassal in Tlemcen
			\|}

			== Regency of Algiers (1515-1830) ==
			{\| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
			\|- style="color: white"
			! style="background:Teal" width="120" \|Conflict
			! style="background:gray" width="140"\|Combatant 1
			! style="background:gray" width="140"\|Combatant 2
			! style="background:green" width="270"\|Result for Algeria and its Allies
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1516)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|BarbarosSancagi.svg}} Barbarossa'''<br /> ] '''Kingdom of Kuku'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* Spanish attack repulsed
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1516)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* Spanish attack repulsed
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1519)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Kingdom of Tlemcen (1388-1488).svg}} ]
			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Spanish victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1529)<br /><br />''Part of the ], and the establishment of the Regency of Algiers<br /><br />Location:]''
			]
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Beylerbeylikal victory'''
			* ] secured by ]
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1531)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]:'''
			*{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]
			{{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of the King of France.svg}} ]
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1537–1540)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| <br />{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''

			\| '''] ]''':<br />{{flag\|Republic of Venice}}<br />{{flag\|Spanish Empire\|1506}}
			*{{flag\|Kingdom of Naples\|1516}}
			*] ]
			{{flag\|Republic of Genoa}}<br />{{flag\|Papal States\|old}}<br />{{flagicon\|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}} ]
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Ottoman victory'''
			* A treaty or "]" was signed between Venice and the Ottoman Empire to end the war on 2 October 1540.
			* In the period between the start of the ] in 1499 and the end of this war in 1540, the Ottoman Empire made significant advances in the ]n hinterland – it didn't occupy the Venetian cities, but it took the ]'s ]n possessions between ] and ], eliminating them as a buffer zone between the Ottoman and Venetian territory.<ref>{{cite journal \| url = http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=76941&lang=en \| language = sr \| author = Bogumil Hrabak \| author-link = Bogumil Hrabak \| title = Turske provale i osvajanja na području današnje severne Dalmacije do sredine XVI. stoleća \| journal = Journal – Institute of Croatian History \| volume = 19 \| number = 1 \|date=September 1986 \| issn = 0353-295X \| publisher = University of Zagreb, ] \| access-date = 2012-07-08}}</ref> The economy of the Venetian cities in Dalmatia, severely impacted by the Turkish occupation of the hinterland in the previous war, recovered and held steady even throughout this war.<ref>{{cite journal \| first = Tomislav \| last = Raukar \| url = http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=86538&lang=en \| title = Venecija i ekonomski razvoj Dalmacije u XV i XVI stoljeću \| language = hr \| journal = Journal – Institute of Croatian History \| volume = 10 \| number = 1 \|date=November 1977 \| issn = 0353-295X \| publisher = ] \| location = Zagreb, Croatia \| pages = 218–221 \| access-date = 2012-07-08}}</ref>
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1541)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			* ] ]
			<br />'''] ]'''
			* ] ]
			* ] ]
			<br />'''] ]'''<br />'''] ]'''<br />'''] ]'''<br />'''] ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerine victory'''
			* ]'s retreat to the port of Bougie
			]<br />
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1542–1546)<br /><br />''Part of the ] & ] ''<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			] by a ] in 1543 (drawing by Toselli, after an engraving by Aeneas Vico)]]
			\|'''{{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of the King of France.svg}} ]'''<br />''' {{Flagicon image\|Ottoman flag.svg}} ]'''
			{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			* {{Flagicon image\|Arms of Brandenburg.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Blason Jean-Georges IV de Saxe.svg}} ]
			<br />''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''<br />''' {{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of England (1406-1603).svg}} ]'''
			\| style="background:#E0D0FF"\| '''Inconclusive'''
			* ]
			* ]
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1543)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* Spanish attack repulsed
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1547)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* Spanish attack repulsed
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1551)<br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''<br /> '''Kingdom of Ait Abbas'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''<br />''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco_(1258-1659).svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* The Moulouya river is set as the border
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| '''Campaign of Tlemcen (1552)'''<br />(1552)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco_(1258-1659).svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''<br /> The Moulouya river imposed as the border<ref>

			Lemnouar Merouche
			Bouchene,</ref>
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1554)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''<br />] '''Kingdom of Kuku'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco_(1258-1659).svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1557)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco_(1258-1659).svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']<br />(1558)<br /><br />Location:]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| '''Campaign of Tlemcen (1560)'''<br />(1560)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco_(1258-1659).svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''<ref>. Barnaby Rogerson. Hachette UK.</ref><ref> Masudul Hasan. Adam Publishers & Distributors.</ref>
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1568–1571)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| Muslims of Granada<br />'''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| ''' {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Spanish victory'''
			* Mass expulsion of most Muslims in Granada
			* Resettlement of Granada with Catholic settlers
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of the King of France.svg}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\|
			'''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />''Part of the ]''<br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* The border continues to be fixed further by the wadi Mellègue.
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\|''']'''<br />Part of:]<br /> '''Location: ], ], ] and ]'''
			\|'''{{flag\|Ottoman Empire\|red}}'''
			* ] ''']'''
			* {{flagicon image\|Maritime flag of Regency of Tripoli (18th century).svg}} ''']'''
			* ] ''']'''
			\|{{plainlist\|
			*'''{{flag\|Republic of Venice\|wartime}}'''
			*{{flagdeco\|SMOM}} ''']'''
			*'''{{flag\|Papal States\|old}}'''
			*'''{{flagcountry\|Kingdom of France}}'''
			*{{flagicon image\|Greek_Revolution_flag.svg}} ''']'''
			}}
			*{{flagicon image\|Mani Flag (Greece).svg}} ''']'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Ottoman victory'''
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1664)<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''<br /> '''Kingdom of Ait Abbas'''<br /> ] '''Kingdom of Kuku'''
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of the King of France.svg}} ]'''<br /> '''] ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* France abandons Djidjelli

			\|}

			== Deylikal period (1671-1830) ==
			{\| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
			\|- style="color: white"
			! style="background:Green" width="120" \|Conflict
			! style="background:Green" width="140" \|Combatant 1
			! style="background:green" width="140" \|Combatant 2

			! style="background:green" width="270" \|Result for Algeria and its Allies
			\|- valign="top"
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1681–1688)<br /><br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			] in 1682]]
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Royal Standard of the King of France.svg}} ]'''<br /> '''] ]'''
			\| style="Background:AF9" \| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|- valign="top"
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1684–1699)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']''', '''southern ]''', ''']''', ''']''', ''']'''
			]

			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Ottoman red flag.svg}} ]'''<br /> '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''

			\| '''{{flag\|Republic of Venice}}'''<br />'''{{flag\|Holy Roman Empire}}'''<br />'''{{flagicon\|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}} ]'''<br />'''{{flag\|Duchy of Savoy}}'''<br />'''] ]'''<br />''']]'''<br />'''{{noflag}}] rebels'''<br />'''] ]'''

			\| style="background:#FFD0D0" \| '''Venetian victory'''
			* Morea ceded to Venice
			* Venetian gains in inland Dalmatia

			\|- valign="top"
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1692)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			]

			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''

			\| '''] ]'''

			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| '''Algerian victory<ref name=":2">{{Cite book\|last=Galibert\|first=Léon\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XFfRAAAAMAAJ&q=Alg%C3%A9rie\|title=L'Algérie: ancienne et moderne depuis les premiers éstablissements des Carthaginois jusqu'à la prise de la Smalah d'Abd-el-Kader\|date=1844\|publisher=Furne\|language=fr}}</ref><br />'''
			* ] experiences more than 100 years of rule under the Regency of Algiers<ref></ref><ref></ref>

			\|- valign="top"
			\|-

			\| ''']'''<br />(1693)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\| '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]'''
			* '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]'''
			''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| '''Spanish-Algerian victory'''
			\|- valign="top"
			\|-

			\| ''']'''<br />(1694)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]

			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''<br />'''] ]'''

			\| '''] ]'''

			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| ''' Algerian-Tripolitanian victory'''
			*All of Tunisia occupied (until 1695).<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iteoq3F4K6sC&q=1695+near+Kairouan&pg=PA528\|title = Correspondance des Beys de Tunis et des consuls de France avec la Cour: 1577-1830\|last1 = Plantet\|first1 = Eugène\|year = 1893}}</ref>
			*Moroccan-Tunisian alliance.<ref>"Les Deys 2". exode1962.fr. Retrieved 2021-05-10</ref>

			\|- valign="top"
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1699–1702)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location: ], ], and ]'''

			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''

			\| '''] ]'''<br />'''] ]'''<br />'''] ]'''

			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| '''Algerian Victory'''
			* Moroccan and Tunisian forces routed
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1705)<br />''Part of the ]''<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			\|style="Background:#E0D0FF"\| '''Inconclusive'''
			* Founding of the ] in Tunisia by ]
			* Algerian retreat
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1707)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' '''], ]'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''
			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|- valign="top"
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1707–1708)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			] in ]]]

			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* ] Seized by Algiers
			\|-
			\|
			\|
			\|
			\|
			\|- valign="top"
			\|''']'''(1732)
			'''Location''': ] ]

			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Spanish victory'''
			* ] re-established
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1735)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''] ]'''

			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* ] proclaimed bey of Tunis
			* Tunisian commitment to pay an annual tribute of 50,000 piastres to Algiers
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1756)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]<br />Loyalists of Muhammad'''
			\| '''] ]<br />{{flagicon\|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}} ]'''

			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian and loyalist victory'''
			* ] proclaimed bey of Tunis
			* Bey's commitment to pay a tribute (oil to light the Algerian mosques)
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1769–1772)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flag\|Denmark–Norway\|23px}}'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			]
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1775–1785)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| ''' {{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]<br />{{flagdeco\|Tuscany\|habsburg}} ]'''<br /> ''']]'''<br />'''] ]'''<br />'''{{flagdeco\|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}} ]'''<br />'''{{flagdeco\|Portugal\|1750}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\|''']'''<br />'''Location: ] and ]'''
			\|{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''
			\|] ''']'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* United States agrees to pay an annual tribute of $21,600 to Algiers
			* Establishment of the United States Navy
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1787–1792)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			], by Polish painter ]]]
			\| '''] ]<br />{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flag\|Russian Empire}}<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]'''
			\|style="background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Russian victory'''
			* No major repercussions in Algiers
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1790–1792)<br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' '''] and ]'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flagdeco\|Spanish Empire}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			* Spain abandons Oran and Mers-el-Kébir
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\|''']'''<br />Part of: ]<br />'''Location: ]'''
			\|{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''
			* ] ''']'''
			\|] ''']'''
			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Tunisian victory'''
			* Algerian victory in Constantine
			* Failure to innvade tunisia
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			\|{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''
			* ] '''Algerian Navy'''
			\|] ''']'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian victory'''
			\|-
			\|''']'''
			\|{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''
			\|] ''']'''
			\|'''Peace Treaty'''
			* Tunisian Victory and the invasion repelled
			* Political instability in Tunisia after the death of Hammouda Pasha
			* Algerian Military Victory
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1815)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{flag\|United States\|1795}}'''
			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''American victory'''
			* Freedom of movement in the Mediterranean for American ships
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1816)<br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]]]
			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Great Britain (1707–1800).svg}} ]<br />{{flagdeco\|Netherlands}} ]'''
			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Anglo-Dutch victory'''
			]
			]]]

			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1821–1829)<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			] at ], the burning of an Ottoman frigate by a Greek ], the ] and ] at the ]]]

			\| '''] ]'''<br />{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ''']'''<br />] ]<br />] ]<br />] ]

			\| {{plainlist\|'''1821:'''
			*] ]
			*] ]
			*] ] Revolutionaries

			'''After 1822:'''
			*] ]

			'''Military support:'''
			*{{flagicon\|Greece\|old}} ]
			*{{flagdeco\|Serbia\|civil}} ] ]
			*{{nowrap\|{{flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_United_Principalities_of_Romania_%281862_-_1866%29.svg}} ] Revolutionaries{{efn\|1821}}}}
			*{{flagdeco\|Russia}} ]{{efn\|From 1826\|name="from"}}
			*{{flagicon image\| Royal flag of France during the Bourbon Restoration.svg}} ]{{efn\|name="from"}}
			*{{flagcountry\|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}{{efn\|name="from"}}
			'''Diplomatic support:'''
			*{{flagdeco\|Haiti\|civil}} ]{{efn\|First nation to recognize the independence of Greece.}}}}

			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''Greek independence:'''

			*Establishment of the ] (1822–1832)
			*Start of the ]
			*]
			*]
			*Establishment of the ] (1832)
			*Start of the ]

			] as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue)]]
			\|}

			== French Algeria (1830–1962) ==
			{\| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
			\|- style="color: white"
			! style="background:Teal" width="120" \|Conflict
			! style="background:gray" width="140" \|Combatant 1
			! style="background:gray" width="140" \|Combatant 2
			! style="background:green" width="270" \|Result for Algeria and its Allies
			\|- valign="top"
			\|-

			\| ''']'''<br />(1830–1903)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]'' by ]]]

			\| '''{{flagicon image\|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} ]'''
			*{{flagicon image\|Drapeau Ahmed Bey de Constantine.svg}} ]
			*]
			*]
			{{flagicon image\|Flag of the Emirate of Mascara.svg}} ]<br/> {{flagicon image\|Drapeau Royaume Ait Abbas (Beni Abbès).svg}} ]<br/> ]<br />]<br />{{flagicon\|Libya\|1977}} ]
			'''Support:'''<br />{{flag\|Morocco\|1666}} (until 1844)

			\| {{flag\|July Monarchy\|name=Kingdom of France}} (1830–1848)<br />{{flag\|French Second Republic}} (1848–1852)<br />{{flag\|Second French Empire}} (1852–1870)<br />{{flag\|French Third Republic}} (1870 onward)
			*{{flag\|French Algeria}}
			'''Support:'''<br />{{flag\|Morocco\|1666}} (1847)

			\|style="Background:#FFD0D0"\| '''French victory'''
			]

			]
			\|-valign=top
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1954–1962)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			]
			\| {{Flagicon image\|Flag of Algeria (1958-1962).svg}}''' ]'''
			'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Algeria (1958-1962).svg}} ]'''<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Algerian Communist Party.svg}}''' ]'''
			\| {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_France.svg}} ''']'''
			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Algerian independence'''
			* Military stalemate<ref name=Windrow>{{cite book \|last1=Windrow \|first1=Martin \|last2=Chappell \|first2=Mike \|title=The Algerian War 1954–62 \|publisher=Osprey Publishing \|year=1997 \|isbn=978-1-85532-658-3 \|page=11}}</ref><ref>Introduction to ''Comparative Politics'', by Mark Kesselman, Joel Krieger, William Joseph, page 108</ref><ref>Alexander Cooley, Hendrik Spruyt. ''Contracting States: Sovereign Transfers in International Relations''. Page 63.</ref><ref>George Bernard Noble. ''Christian A. Herter: The American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy''. Page 155.</ref>
			* ] political victory<ref name="Young2016">{{cite book\|author=Robert J. C. Young\|title=Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BYpADQAAQBAJ&pg=PA300\|date=12 October 2016\|publisher=Wiley\|isbn=978-1-118-89685-3\|page=300\|quote=the French lost their Algerian empire in military and political defeat by the FLN, just as they lost their empire in China in defeat by Giap and Ho Chi Minh.}}</ref><ref name="Aldrich2004">{{cite book\|author=R. Aldrich\|title=Vestiges of Colonial Empire in France\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZOGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA156\|date=10 December 2004\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK\|isbn=978-0-230-00552-5\|page=156\|quote=For the nation as a whole, commemoration of the Franco-Algerian War is complicated since it ended in defeat (politically, if not strictly militarily) rather than victory.}}</ref>
	* ]		* ]
			* End of the ]<ref name="Hargreaves2005">{{cite book\|author=Alec G. Hargreaves\|title=Memory, Empire, and Postcolonialism: Legacies of French Colonialism\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UX8aeX_Lbi4C&pg=PA1\|year=2005\|publisher=Lexington Books\|isbn=978-0-7391-0821-5\|page=1\|quote=The death knell of the French empire was sounded by the bitterly fought Algerian war of independence, which ended in 1962.}}</ref><ref>"The French defeat in the war effectively signaled the end of the French Empire". Jo McCormack (2010). ''''.</ref><ref>{{cite book \|author1=Paul Allatson \|author2=Jo McCormack \|title=Exile Cultures, Misplaced Identities \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DaLkNE_20a0C&pg=PA117 \|year=2008 \|publisher=Rodopi \|isbn=978-90-420-2406-9 \|page=117 \|quote=The Algerian War came to an end in 1962, and with it closed some 130 years of French colonial presence in Algeria (and North Africa). With this outcome, the French Empire, celebrated in pomp in Paris in the Exposition coloniale of 1931 ... received its decisive death blow.}}</ref><ref name="Beigbeder2006">{{cite book \|author=Yves Beigbeder \|title=Judging War Crimes And Torture: French Justice And International Criminal Tribunals And Commissions (1940–2005) \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtaU8_z2SngC&pg=PA35 \|year=2006 \|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers \|isbn=978-90-04-15329-5 \|page=35 \|quote=The independence of Algeria in 1962, after a long and bitter war, marked the end of the French Empire.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title=France's Colonial Legacies: Memory, Identity and Narrative \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hm-uBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT111 \|date=15 October 2013 \|publisher=University of Wales Press \|isbn=978-1-78316-585-8 \|page=111 \|quote=The difficult relationship which France has with the period of history dominated by the Algerian war has been well documented. The reluctance, which ended only in 1999, to acknowledge 'les évenements' as a war, the shame over the fate of the ''harki'' detachments, the amnesty covering many of the deeds committed during the war and the humiliation of a colonial defeat which marked the end of the French empire are just some of the reasons why France has preferred to look towards a Eurocentric future, rather than confront the painful aspects of its colonial past.}}</ref>
	* Algerian independence
			* ] of the ]
	* Exodus of the ]
			* Establishment of the ]

			~1,500,000 total deaths (FLN estimate) <br />
			~700,000 total deaths (Horne's estimate)<ref name=Horne>{{cite book\|last=Horne\|first=Alistair\|title=A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954–1962\|year=1978\|isbn=978-1-59017-218-6\|page=358\|publisher=New York Review of Books }}</ref>{{rp\|}}<br />
			~350,000 total deaths (French estimate)

			* 1 million Europeans fled<ref name="google4">{{cite book\|title=The State of the World's Refugees, 2000: Fifty Years of Humanitarian Action\|author1=Cutts, M.\|author2=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees\|date=2000\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|isbn=978-0-19-924104-0\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54Oe1WTfBfAC&pg=PA38\|page=38\|access-date=2017-01-13}} Referring to Evans, Martin. 2012. ''Algeria: France's Undeclared War''. New York: Oxford University Press.</ref>
			* 200,000 Jews fled<ref>{{cite journal \|last=Hobson \|first=Faure L. \|date=2009 \|title=The Migration of Jews from Algeria to France: An Opportunity for French Jews to Recover Their Independence in the Face of American Judaism in Postwar France? \|journal=Archives Juives \|volume=42 \|issue=2 \|pages=67–81 \|url=https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_AJ_422_0067--the-migration-of-jews-from-algeria-to.htm \|doi=10.3917/aj.422.0067}}</ref>{{failed verification \|reason=Neither does the much longer French version support it at www.cairn.info/revue-archives-juives1-2009-2-page-67.htm#re10no10 \|date=July 2021}}
			* 2,000,000 Algerians resettled or displaced
			\|}

			== People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (1962-present)==
			{\| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
			\|- style="color: white"
			! style="background:Teal" width="120" \|Conflict
			! style="background:gray" width="140"\|Combatant 1
			! style="background:gray" width="140"\|Combatant 2
			! style="background:green" width="270"\|Result for Algeria and its Allies
	\|-		\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1963–1964)<br /><br />''Part of the ]''<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] <small>(1963)</small>
			]
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{flag\|Algeria\|size=22px}}
			\| {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Algeria.svg}} ''']'''<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1971).svg}} ''']<ref>{{Citation \|last=Ottaway\|first=David\|title=Algeria: The Politics of a Socialist Revolution\|publisher=]\|location=Berkeley, California \|year=1970\|isbn=9780520016552 \|page=166}}</ref>'''<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Cuba.svg}} ''']'''<ref name="Latell2012">{{cite book\|author=Brian Latell\|title=Castro's Secrets: Cuban Intelligence, The CIA, and the Assassination of John F. Kennedy\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kYsyA93L56MC&pg=PA164\|date=24 April 2012\|publisher=St. Martin's Press\|isbn=978-1-137-00001-9\|page=164\|quote=In this instance, unlike several others, the Cubans did no fighting;; Algeria concluded an armistice with the Moroccan king.}}</ref>
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{flag\|Morocco\|size=22px}}
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco.svg}} ]<br />Support:<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_France.svg}} ]'''<ref name="Grimaud1984">{{cite book\|author=Nicole Grimaud\|title=La politique extérieure de l'Algérie (1962-1978)\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Twz0kOnCxXYC&pg=PA198\|date=1 January 1984\|publisher=KARTHALA Editions\|isbn=978-2-86537-111-2\|page=198\|quote=L'armée française était en 1963 présente en Algérie et au Maroc. Le gouvernement français, officiellement neutre, comme le rappelle le Conseil des ministres du 25 octobre 1963, n'a pas pu empêcher que la coopération très étroite entre l'armée française et l'armée marocaine n'ait eu quelques répercussions sur le terrain. == The French Army was in 1963 present in Algeria and Morocco. The French government, officially neutral, as recalled by the Council of Ministers on October 25, 1963, could not prevent the very close cooperation between the French army and the Moroccan army from having some repercussions on the ground.}}</ref>
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| '''Stalemate'''

	*The closing of the border south of ].
			\| style="background:#E0D0FF" \| '''Inconclusive'''
			* The closing of the border south of ], Morocco/], Algeria.
			* Morocco abandoned its intentions to control Béchar and Tindouf after OAU mediation.
			* No territorial changes were made.
			* ] established
	\|-		\|-
			\|''']'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] <small>(1973)<ref>Algeria sent a squadron each of MiG-21s and Su-7s to Egypt, which arrived at the front between October 9 and October 11. It also sent an armored brigade of 150 tanks, the advance elements of which began to arrive on October 17, but reached the front only on October 24, too late to participate in the fighting.</ref></small>

	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{Flag\|Egypt\|1972\|size=22px}}<br>{{Flag\|Syria\|1972\|size=22px}}<!-- Egypt, Syria, and Libya all had the same flag in 1972, see ] (historical section) and ] and the current flag was introduced in 1980 --><br>{{flagicon\|IRQ\|1963\|size=22px}} ]<br>{{flag\|Jordan\|size=22px}}<br/>{{Flag\|Algeria\|size=22px}}<br/>{{Flag\|Cuba\|size=22px}}<br/>{{Flag\|Morocco\|size=22px}}<br/>{{Flag\|Tunisia\|size=22px}}
			(1973)
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{flag\|Israel\|size=22px}}
			\|{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1971).svg}} ''']'''
	\| style="background:#efefef" \| '''Defeat'''<ref>References:
			'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_Arab_League.svg}} ]:'''
	* Herzog, ''The War of Atonement'', Little, Brown and Company, 1975. Forward
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg}} ]
	* Insight Team of the London ''Sunday Times'', ''Yom Kippur War'', Doubleday and Company, Inc, 1974, page 450
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Algeria.svg}} ]
	* Luttwak and Horowitz, ''The Israeli Army''. Cambridge, MA, Abt Books, 1983
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Jordan.svg}} ]
	* Rabinovich, ''The Yom Kippur War'', Schocken Books, 2004. Page 498
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Iraq_(1991–2004).svg}} ]
	* , P.R. Kumaraswamy, pages 1–2
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Libya_(1977–2011).svg}} ]
	* Johnson and Tierney, ''Failing To Win, Perception of Victory and Defeat in International Politics''. Page 177
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Kuwait.svg}} ]
	* Charles Liebman, ''Middle Eastern Studies'', Vol 29, No. 3, July 1993. Published by Frank Cass, London. Page 411.</ref>
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Tunisia.svg}} ]
	*Arab invasion of Israeli-controlled territories repelled; ] ceasefire.
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco.svg}} ]
	*] and the ].
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Cuba.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Sudan.svg}} ]
			'''Supported by:'''

			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_East_Germany.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_North_Korea.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Pakistan.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Lebanon.svg}} ]
			\| {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Israel.svg}} ''']'''
			'''Supported by:'''

			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_United_States.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Portugal.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg}} ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Greece.svg}} ]
			\|'''Israeli military victory'''
			* Political gains for Egypt and Israel
			* ]
			* ]
	\|-		\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1975–1976)<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] <small>(1991–2002)</small>
			] built by Morocco]]
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| {{flag\|Algeria\|size=22px}}
			\| {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Western_Sahara.svg}}''']'''<br />'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Algeria.svg}} ]'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| ] ]<br>] ]
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco.svg}} ]<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Mauritania.svg}} ]'''
	\|style="background:#efefef"\| '''Government victory'''
			\| style="background:#E0D0FF" \| '''Inconclusive'''
	*Islamic insurgency quelled.
			* Spanish withdrawal under the ] (1976)
			* Mauritanian retreat and withdrawal of territorial claims
			* Military Stalemate<ref name="BoukharsRoussellier2013">{{cite book\|author1=Anouar Boukhars\|author2=Jacques Roussellier\|title=Perspectives on Western Sahara: Myths, Nationalisms, and Geopolitics\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wPGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA77\|date=18 December 2013\|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers\|isbn=978-1-4422-2686-9\|page=77}}</ref><ref name="Dudouet2014">{{cite book\|author=Véronique Dudouet\|title=Civil Resistance and Conflict Transformation: Transitions from armed to nonviolent struggle\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WkKDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA20\|date=15 September 2014\|publisher=Routledge\|isbn=978-1-317-69778-7\|page=20}}</ref><ref name="Jeong2009">{{cite book\|author=Ho-Won Jeong\|title=Conflict Management and Resolution: An Introduction\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u9OOAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19\|date=4 December 2009\|publisher=Routledge\|isbn=978-1-135-26511-3\|page=19}}</ref>
			*Ceasefire agreed on between the Polisario Front and Morocco (1991)
	\|-		\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(1991–2002)<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']'''
			], after the military coup against the Islamists, who took up arms later]]
			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Algeria.svg}} ]'''
			* Local militias<ref name="collier">{{Cite book\|author1=Paul Collier \|author2=Nicholas Sambanis\|title=Understanding Civil War: Africa\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OnGQQVuIBjgC&pg=PA235\|year=2005\|publisher=World Bank Publications\|page=235\|isbn=978-0-8213-6047-7}}</ref>
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|}}''' ]
			* {{Flagicon image\|FLN_Logo.png}} ]
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|}}''' ] (from 1997)
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_Rassemblement_pour_la_Culture_et_la_Démocratie.svg}}''' ]
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|}}''' ]
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|UGTA.png}}''' ]
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|}}''' ]
			* ]
			* ] (mid-1990s)
			<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Tunisia.svg}} ''']'''<ref name="brynen" /><ref name="sidaoui" /><br />'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_European_Union.svg}} ]'''<ref name="derouen" /><br />'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_France.svg}} ]'''<ref name="sidaoui" /><ref name="derouen">{{Cite book\|author1=Karl DeRouen, Jr. \|author2=Uk Heo\|title=Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nrN077AEgzMC&pg=PA115\|year=2007\|publisher=ABC-CLIO\|pages=115–117\|isbn=978-1-85109-919-1}}</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Egypt.svg}} ''']'''<ref name="brynen">{{Cite book\|author=Rex Brynen \|author2=Bahgat Korany \|author3=Paul Noble\|title=Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2B6o_0VLl8C&pg=PA289\|volume=1\|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers\|year=1995\|page=289\|isbn=978-1-55587-579-4}}</ref><ref name="sidaoui">{{Cite book\|first=Riadh\|last=Sidaoui\|chapter=Islamic Politics and the Military: Algeria 1962–2008\|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UouRFVxywIQC&pg=PA241\|editor=Jan-Erik Lane \|editor2=Hamadi Redissi \|editor3=Riyāḍ Ṣaydāwī\|title=Religion and Politics: Islam and Muslim Civilization\|year=2009\|publisher=Ashgate\|pages=241–243\|isbn=978-0-7546-7418-4}}</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_South_Africa.svg}} '''South Africa'''<ref>, ''Hrw.org'', October 2000</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Belarus.svg}} ''']''' (from 1997)<ref></ref>

			\| '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of the Islamic Salvation Front.svg}}''' ]
			* '''{{Flagicon image\|Flag of the Islamic Salvation Front.svg}}''' ] (1994–99)
			* ] (until 1994)
			* ] (until 1994)
			* ] (until 1996)
			* ] (1996–97)
			* ] (1997)
			'''Support:'''<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Libya_(1977–2011).svg}} ] (until 1995)<ref name="sidaoui" /><br />'''{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Morocco.svg}} ]''' (alleged)<ref name="sidaoui" /><ref>{{Cite book\|author1=Yahia H. Zoubir \|author2=Haizam Amirah-Fernández\|title=North Africa: Politics, Region, and the Limits of Transformation\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6IHqdzOu_M8C&pg=PA184\|year=2008\|publisher=Routledge\|page=184\|isbn=978-1-134-08740-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|date=16 July 2021\|title=Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the National Community abroad\|url=https://twitter.com/algeriaun/status/1417287255178321924\|access-date=2021-07-20\|website=UN Algeria\|language=en}}</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg}} ''']''' (pre-war)<ref name="derouen" /><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Iran.svg}} ''']''' (alleged)<ref name="derouen" /><br />Saudi private donors<ref name="derouen" />
			----
			''']''' (from 1993)
			* ]<ref name="atkins">{{Cite book\|first=Stephen E.\|last=Atkins\|title=Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b8k4rEPvq_8C&pg=PA11\|year=2004\|publisher=Greenwood\|page=11\|isbn=978-0-313-32485-7}}</ref>
			* ]
			'''Supported by:'''<br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Sudan.svg}} ] (alleged)<ref name="mannes">{{Cite book\|first=Aaron\|last=Mannes\|title=Profiles in Terror: The Guide to Middle East Terrorist Organizations\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lJwIhKrx0FAC&pg=PA8\|year=2004\|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield\|page=8\|isbn=978-0-7425-3525-1}}</ref><ref name="cordesman">{{Cite book\|first=Anthony H.\|last=Cordesman\|title=A Tragedy of Arms: Military and Security Developments in the Maghreb\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uH3RizO9lE8C&pg=PA126\|year=2002\|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group\|page=126\|isbn=978-0-275-96936-3}}</ref><ref name="brosche">{{Cite book\|first1=Johan\|last1=Brosché\|first2=Kristine\|last2=Höglund\|chapter=The diversity of peace and war in Africa\|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jx7uCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116\|title=Armaments, Disarmament and International Security\|year=2015\|page=116\|publisher=Oxford University Press\|isbn=978-0-19-873781-0}}</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Iran.svg}} ''']''' (alleged)<ref name="mannes" /><ref name="cordesman" /><ref name="brosche" /><br />''']'''<ref>{{Cite book\|author1=Lyubov Grigorova Mincheva \|author2=Lyubov Grigorova \|author3=Ted Robert Gurr\|title=Crime-terror Alliances and the State: Ethnonationalist and Islamist Challenges to Regional Security \|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=vFNwrdnzQq0C&pg=PA96 \|year=2013 \|publisher=Routledge \|page=96 \|isbn= 978-0-415-50648-9}}</ref><ref name="gilles">{{Cite book\|first=Gilles\|last=Kepel\|title=Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLvTNk75hUoC&pg=PA263\|year=2006\|publisher=I.B.Tauris\|pages=263–273\|isbn=978-1-84511-257-8}}</ref><br />''']'''<ref>{{Cite news\|first=Pascale Combelles\|last=Siegel\|title=Coalition Attack Brings an End to the Career of al-Qaeda in Iraq's Second-in-Command\|url=https://jamestown.org/program/coalition-attack-brings-an-end-to-the-career-of-al-qaeda-in-iraqs-second-in-command/\|journal=Terrorism Monitor\|volume=6\|issue=21\|date=7 November 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|first=Claes\|last=Petersson\|title=Terrorbas i Sverige\|url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/article10629098.ab\|newspaper=]\|language=sv\|date=13 July 2005}}</ref><br />{{Flagicon image\|Flag of Jihad.svg}} ] (until 1995)<ref name="tabarani">{{Cite book\|first=Gabriel G.\|last=Tabarani\|title=Jihad's New Heartlands: Why The West Has Failed To Contain Islamic Fundamentalism\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2HB4cSQS_pgC&pg=PA329\|year=2011\|publisher=AuthorHouse\|page=329\|isbn=978-1-4678-9180-6}}</ref>

			\| style="Background:#AF9" \| '''Government victory'''
			* FIS victory in ] cancelled by military coup, formation of FIS loyalist guerrillas
			* GIA radicals declare war on FIS in 1994 after negotiations with government
			* Spillover to France with ] & ]<ref>{{Cite book\|first=Stephen A.\|last=Harmon\|title=Terror and Insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel Region: Corruption, Contraband, Jihad and the Mali War of 2012–2013\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pdQRBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA54\|year=2014\|publisher=Ashgate\|page=54\|isbn=978-1-4094-5475-5}}</ref>
			* AIS/FIS declare unilateral ceasefire in 1997 as a result of GIA's ]
			* Civil war subsided after government amnesty peace plan in 2000<ref>{{cite news\|title=A hostage crisis haunted by the ghosts of Algeria's bloody past\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/01/18/a-hostage-crisis-haunted-by-the-ghosts-of-algerias-bloody-past/\|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>
			* GIA largely ceased to exist by 2002, a ] continued
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(2002–present)<br /><br />'''Location:''' ''']''', ''']''', ''']'''
			] (dark blue), and members of the ] (dark and light blue)]]

			\|'''{{flag\|Algeria}}<br />{{flag\|Mauritania}}<br />{{flag\|Tunisia}}<br />{{flag\|Libya}}<br />{{flag\|Mali}}<br />{{flag\|Niger}}<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5izdxWFAGBaPrzePzMhFV_lG7_8UA?docId=CNG.7c89daafc598520ace67ee7e41be9139.621 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616113740/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5izdxWFAGBaPrzePzMhFV_lG7_8UA?docId=CNG.7c89daafc598520ace67ee7e41be9139.621 \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=June 16, 2011 \|date=15 June 2011 \|publisher=AFP \|title=Niger army hunts for Al-Qaeda after clash}}</ref><br />{{flag\|Chad}}<ref name="CFR">{{cite web\|url=http://www.cfr.org/terrorist-organizations-and-networks/al-qaeda-islamic-maghreb-aqim/p12717#p8\|title=Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)\|work=Council on Foreign Relations\|access-date=26 October 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511122144/http://www.cfr.org/terrorist-organizations-and-networks/al-qaeda-islamic-maghreb-aqim/p12717#p8\|archive-date=11 May 2015}}</ref><br />{{Flag\|France}}<ref name="CFR"/><ref name="ledauphine">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ledauphine.com/actualite/2013/01/31/4600-soldats-francais-mobilises \|title=4600 soldats français mobilisés \|publisher=Ledauphine.com \|date=2013-01-31 \|access-date=2013-11-22}}</ref><ref name="economist">{{cite news\|url=https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21607847-french-are-reorganising-security-increasingly-troubled-region-fran-ois-hollandes\|title=François Hollande's African adventures: The French are reorganising security in an increasingly troubled region\|work= Economist}}</ref><br />{{flag\|Morocco}}<ref name="TheGuardian">{{Cite news\|title=Tipping point of terror\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/apr/04/magazine.features7\|work=The Guardian\|date=4 April 2004}}</ref>'''
			\| ] ] <small>(until 2007)</small><br />] ] <small>(from 2007)</small><br />] ] <small>(from 2017)</small><br />{{flagicon image\|Flag of al-Qaeda.svg\|size=23px}} ] <small>(2011–13)</small><br />] ] <small>(2013–17)</small><br />] ] <small>(2012–17)</small><br />] ] <small>(from 2011)</small><ref>{{Cite magazine\|title=Exporting Jihad\|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/03/28/tunisia-and-the-fall-after-the-arab-spring\|magazine=The New Yorker\|date=28 March 2016}}</ref><br />] ] <small>(from 2012)</small><ref name="ctc230613">{{Cite news\|author=Aaron Y. Zelin \|author2=Andrew Lebovich \|author3=Daveed Gartenstein-Ross \|title=Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb's Tunisia Strategy\|url=https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/al-qaida-in-the-islamic-maghrebs-tunisia-strategy\|work=Combating Terrorism Center\|date=July 23, 2013}}</ref><br />] ] <small>(2012–17)</small><br />{{flagicon image\|Flag of al-Qaeda.svg\|size=23px}} ]<ref name="TheGuardian"/><br />{{flagicon\|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant}} ] <small>(from 2006, partially aligned with ISIL since 2015)</small><ref name="ibtimes">{{Cite news\|title=ISIS, Al Qaeda In Africa: US Commander Warns Of Collaboration Between AQIM And Islamic State Group\|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-al-qaeda-africa-us-commander-warns-collaboration-between-aqim-islamic-state-2304240\|work=International Business Times\|date=12 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="bbc.com">{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35842300\|title=Niger attacked by both al-Qaeda and Boko Haram\|newspaper=BBC News\|access-date=13 May 2016\|date=2016-03-18}}</ref>

			\|style="background:#E0D0FF"\| ]
			* Insurgency in Algeria spreads through the Maghreb and Sahel
			* US-led ] initiated in 2007
			* Islamists ] in 2012, until largely fought back by French-led ] in 2013
			* UN peacekeeping mission ], African-led ] deployed to Mali
			* French-led ] across the Sahel begins 2014
			* ] and ] in Tunisia
			* ] captures territory in ], largely fought back by 2016
			\|-
			\| ''']'''<br />(2015–2022)<br/><br/>'''Location:''' ''']'''
			\| '''{{flag\|Tunisia}}'''<br/>'''{{flag\|Algeria}}'''

			\| {{flag\|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant}} (ISIL)
			* ]
			* ]<ref name="18 March 2015">{{cite news\|url=https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=201503180017\|title=Tunesia, 18 March 2018\|website=Global Terrorism Database\|date=18 March 2015\|access-date=21 August 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821160513/https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=201503180017\|archive-date=21 August 2018\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
			* Wilayat Tunis
			{{flagicon\|Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant}} ]<br />(])<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://widerimage.reuters.com/story/as-fighters-return-tunisia-faces-growing-challenge\|title=As fighters return, Tunisia faces growing challenge\|website=Reuters\|date=24 May 2016\|access-date=20 August 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820234923/https://widerimage.reuters.com/story/as-fighters-return-tunisia-faces-growing-challenge\|archive-date=20 August 2018\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

			\|style="Background:#AF9"\| '''Government victory'''
			* The armed insurgency was suppressed in 2022.<ref name="AARC">{{cite web\|url=https://researchcentre.army.gov.au/library/land-power-forum/challenge-insurgency-nation-state\|title=A Challenge from Insurgency to the Nation–State\|website=Australian Army Research Centre\|date=12 May 2022}}</ref>
	\|}		\|}

	==See also==		==See also==
	* ]
	* ]		* ]
	* ]		* ]
Line 53:		Line 869:
	* ] (2002–present)		* ] (2002–present)

	== ~~References~~ ==		==Notes==
			{{Notelist}}

			==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

	{{Africa topic\|List of wars involving\|title=Lists of wars involving African countries}}		{{Africa topic\|List of wars involving\|title=Lists of wars involving African countries}}

	]		{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Wars Involving Algeria}}
	]		]
			]
			]

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This is a list of wars involving the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria and its predecessor states.

Algerian defeat

Algerian victory

Another result (e.g: Treaty, status quo ante bellum, indecisive/stalemate/withdrawal etc... or indecisive)

Zayyanid Kingdom of Tlemcen (1235–1556)

Conflict	Belligerents		Result for Algeria and its Allies
Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result for Algeria and its Allies
Zayyanid–Almohad wars (1236–1248) Battle of Oujda Location: Algeria and eastern Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Almohad Caliphate Marinid Sultanate Hafsid dynasty	Zayyanid Victory Independence of the Zayyanid emirate secured
Zayyanid Capture of Sijilmasa (1264) Location:Sijilmasa, Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory Sijilmasa stays under Tlemcen control for 11 years
Siege of Tlemcen (1272) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The Marinids lift the siege of the city
Battle of Tafna (1281) Location: Tafna, Algeria and Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Victory Zayyanid withdrawal
Siege of Tlemcen (1290) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The Marinids lift the siege of the city
Siege of Nedroma (1296) Location: Nedroma, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The Marinids lift the siege of the city
Siege of Tlemcen (1299–1307) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The Marinids lift the siege of the city
Siege of Oujda (1314) Location: Oujda, Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The Marinids lift the siege of the city
Siege of Béjaïa (1326–1329) Battle of Temzezdekt Battle of er-Rias Location: Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Hafsid dynasty	Zayyanid Partial Victory The Hafsids defeated in Temzezdekt and er-Rias The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city
Capture of Tunis (1329) Location:Tunis, Tunisia	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Hafsid dynasty	Zayyanid Victory The Hafsids briefly become vassal to the Zayyanids
Siege of Béjaïa (1331–1332) Location: Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Hafsid dynasty Marinid Sultanate	Hafsid-Marinid Victory The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city
Siege of Tlemcen (1335–1337) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Victory Beginning of the first Marinid Occupation (1337–1348)
Capture of Tlemcen (1352) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Decisive Victory Full annexation of the Zayyanid kingdom
Battle of Kairouan (1348) (April 1348) Location: Kairouan, Tunisia	Kingdom of Tlemcen Hafsid dynasty Banu Sulaym Banu Hilal	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid-Hafsid Victory Independence of Tlemcen
Siege of Oran (1348) (October 1348) Location: Oran, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen Banu Rached	Marinid Sultanate	Inconclusive The Zayyanids lift the siege of the city Death of the governor of Marinid Oran Obbou ben Saïd ben Adjana
Siege of Oran (1349) (27 July– August 1349) Location: Oran, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory Oran is annexed by the Zayyanids
Battle of Oujda (1359) Location: Oujda, Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory The city of Oujda serve as border between the two Dynasties
Campagne of Tlemcen (1360) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory End of the second Marinid Occupation (1352–1359)
Siege of Oran (1360–1361) (1360–1361) Location: Oran, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid Victory Oran is re annexed by the Zayyanids
Capture of Tlemcen (1370) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Decisive Victory Brief occupation of the Zayyanid Kingdom
Capture of Tlemcen (1383) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Victory Tlemcen briefly occupied
Capture of Tlemcen (1389) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Victory Marinid client briefly placed on the throne
Barbary Crusade (July 1 – October 1, 1390) Location: Mahdia, Tunisia The crusaders fleet on its way to Mahdia	Kingdom of Tlemcen Hafsid dynasty Hafsid of Bejaia	Kingdom of France Republic of Genoa	Zayyanid-Hafsid Victory Status quo ante bellum
Capture of Tlemcen (1393) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Marinid Victory The Zayyanids recognize Marinid suzerainty until 1411
Zayyanid conquest of Fez (1423) Location: Fez, Morocco	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Marinid Sultanate	Zayyanid victory Zayyanid client briefly installed on the Marinid throne
Attack on Mers-el-Kébir (1497) Location: Mers-el-Kébir, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Spanish Empire	Zayyanid Victory Spanish expedition Failure The Zayyanid navy continues to evacuate the Andalusians residents in Spain
Battle of Mers-el-Kébir (1501) Location: Mers-el-Kébir, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Portuguese Empire	Zayyanid Victory Mers el Kébir defended from Portuguese invasion
Capture of Mers-el-Kébir (1505) Location: Mers-el-Kébir, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Spanish Empire	Spanish Victory Mers-el-Kébir captured by Spain
Battle of Mers-el-Kébir (1507) Location: Mers-el-Kébir, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Spanish Empire	Zayyanid Victory 2,000 Killed and 400 Captured on the Spanish side
Spanish conquest of Oran (1509) Location: Oran, Algeria Cardinal Cisneros dismbarking at Oran after the successful capture of the city	Kingdom of Tlemcen	Spanish Empire	Spanish victory Founding of Spanish Oran
Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1535) (June – July 1535) Location: Tlemcen, Algeria	Kingdom of Tlemcen Banu Rached	Spanish Empire	Zayyanid Victory Spanish Failure to establish a vassal in Tlemcen

Regency of Algiers (1515-1830)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result for Algeria and its Allies
Algiers Expedition (1516) (1516) Location:Algiers	Barbarossa Kingdom of Kuku	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spanish attack repulsed
Algiers Expedition (1519) (1516) Location:Algiers	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spanish attack repulsed
Fall of Tlemcen (1519) Location:Tlemcen, Algeria	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire Zayyanid Sultanate	Spanish victory
Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529) (1529) Part of the Algero-Spanish Wars, and the establishment of the Regency of Algiers Location:Algiers	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Beylerbeylikal victory Algiers secured by Barbarossa
Campaign of Cherchell (1531) (1531) Location:Cherchell	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Empire of Charles V: Spanish Empire Kingdom of France	Algerian victory
Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) Part of the Ottoman–Venetian wars Part of the Algero-Spanish Wars Location: Mediterranean Sea	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Holy League: Republic of Venice Spanish Empire Kingdom of Naples Kingdom of Sicily Republic of Genoa Papal States Knights of Malta	Ottoman victory A treaty or "Capitulation" was signed between Venice and the Ottoman Empire to end the war on 2 October 1540. In the period between the start of the Second Ottoman–Venetian War in 1499 and the end of this war in 1540, the Ottoman Empire made significant advances in the Dalmatian hinterland – it didn't occupy the Venetian cities, but it took the Kingdom of Hungary's Croatian possessions between Skradin and Karin, eliminating them as a buffer zone between the Ottoman and Venetian territory. The economy of the Venetian cities in Dalmatia, severely impacted by the Turkish occupation of the hinterland in the previous war, recovered and held steady even throughout this war.
Algiers expedition (1541) Part of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars Part of the Algero-Spanish Wars Location: Algiers Siege of Algiers in 1541. Engraving of 1555.	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Holy Roman Empire Milan Spanish Empire Naples Sicily Republic of Genoa Republic of Venice Duchy of Savoy Papal States	Algerine victory Charles V's retreat to the port of Bougie Charles V was the leader of the Holy League for the conquest of Algiers
Italian War of 1542–1546 (1542–1546) Part of the Anglo-French Wars & Italian Wars Part of the Algero-Spanish War Location: Western Europe The siege of Nice by a Franco-Ottoman fleet in 1543 (drawing by Toselli, after an engraving by Aeneas Vico)	Kingdom of France Ottoman Empire Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Holy Roman Empire Brandenburg Saxony Spanish Empire Kingdom of England	Inconclusive Treaty of Crépy Treaty of Ardres
Expedition to Mostaganem (1543) (1543) Location:Mostaganem	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spanish attack repulsed
Expedition to Mostaganem (1547) (1547) Location:Mostaganem	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spanish attack repulsed
Campaign of Tlemcen (1551) (1551) Part of the Algero-Spanish Wars Location: Tlemcen The troops of the regency of Algiers allied to the kingdom of Beni Abbes marching towards Oranie (19th century engraving)	Beylerbeylik of Algiers Kingdom of Ait Abbas	Spanish Empire Saadi sultanate	Algerian victory The Moulouya river is set as the border
Campaign of Tlemcen (1552) (1552) Location: Tlemcen	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Saadi sultanate	Algerian victory The Moulouya river imposed as the border
Capture of Fez (1554) (1554) Location: Fez, Morocco	Beylerbeylik of Algiers Kingdom of Kuku	Saadi sultanate	Algerian victory
Campaign of Tlemcen (1557) (1557) Location: Tlemcen	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Saadi sultanate	Algerian victory
Expedition to Mostaganem (1558) (1558) Location:Mostaganem	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory
Campaign of Tlemcen (1560) (1560) Location: Tlemcen	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Saadi sultanate	Algerian victory
Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1568–1571) Part of the Algero-Spanish War Location: Spain Principal centres of the Morisco Revolt	Muslims of Granada Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Spanish victory Mass expulsion of most Muslims in Granada Resettlement of Granada with Catholic settlers
Franco-Algerian war (1609–1628)	Beylerbeylik of Algiers	Kingdom of France	Algerian victory
Tunisian–Algerian War (1628) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Algeria, Tunisia	Pashalik of Algiers	Beylik of Tunis	Algerian victory The border continues to be fixed further by the wadi Mellègue.
Cretan War (1645–1669) Part of:Ottoman–Venetian wars Location: Candia, Crete, Dalmatia and Aegean Sea	Ottoman Empire Regency of Algiers Ottoman Tripolitania Ottoman Tunis	Republic of Venice Knights of Malta Papal States France Greek revolutionaries Maniots	Ottoman victory
Djidjelli expedition (1664) Location: Jijel Combat between French and Algerian ships	Pashalik of Algiers Kingdom of Ait Abbas Kingdom of Kuku	Kingdom of France Knights Hospitaller	Algerian victory France abandons Djidjelli

Deylikal period (1671-1830)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result for Algeria and its Allies
French-Algerian War (1681–1688) Location: Algeria, Mediterranean Sea Bombardment of Algiers by the fleet of Admiral Duquesne in 1682	Deylik of Algiers	Kingdom of France Knights Hospitaller	Algerian victory
Morean War (1684–1699) Part of the Ottoman–Venetian wars Location: Peloponnese, southern Epirus, Central Greece, Aegean Sea, Montenegro View of the fortress and harbour of Modon in 1688	Ottoman Empire Deylik of Algiers	Republic of Venice Holy Roman Empire Knights of Malta Duchy of Savoy Papal States Knights of St. Stephen Greek rebels Montenegrin	Venetian victory Morea ceded to Venice Venetian gains in inland Dalmatia
Moulouya War (1692) Part of the Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco Location: Moulouya River, Morocco Battle of Moulouya in 1692 involded Algeria and Morocco.	Deylik of Algiers	Sultanate of Morocco	Algerian victory Oujda experiences more than 100 years of rule under the Regency of Algiers
Siege of Oran (1693) (1693) Part of the Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco Location: Oran, Algeria	Spanish Empire Spanish Oran Deylik of Algiers	Sultanate of Morocco	Spanish-Algerian victory
Tunisian-Algerian War of 1694 (1694) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Tunisia The fronts and battles during the Tunisian-Algerian war (1694)	Deylik of Algiers Tripolitania	Tunisia	Algerian-Tripolitanian victory All of Tunisia occupied (until 1695). Moroccan-Tunisian alliance.
Maghrebi war (1699–1702) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Part of the Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco Location: Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia	Deylik of Algiers	Tunisia Sultanate of Morocco Tripolitania	Algerian Victory Moroccan and Tunisian forces routed
Tunisian–Algerian War of 1705 (1705) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Tunisia	Deylik of Algiers	Beylik of Tunis	Inconclusive Founding of the Husseinite Dynasty in Tunisia by Al-Husayn I ibn Ali Algerian retreat
Oran Expedition (1707) (1707) Part of the Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco Location: Oran, Algeria	Deylik of Algiers	Sultanate of Morocco	Algerian victory
Siege of Oran (1707–1708) (1707–1708) Part of the Algero-Spanish War Location: Algeria The statue of Our Lady of Santa Cruz on the Fort of Santa Cruz in Oran	Deylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spanish Oran Seized by Algiers

Spanish-Algerian War (1732)(1732) Location: Oran	Deylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Spanish victory Spanish Oran re-established
Tunisian–Algerian Wars 1735 (1735) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Tunisia	Deylik of Algiers	Beylik of Tunis	Algerian victory Abu l-Hasan Ali I proclaimed bey of Tunis Tunisian commitment to pay an annual tribute of 50,000 piastres to Algiers
Tunisian–Algerian Wars 1756 (1756) Part of the Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Tunisia	Deylik of Algiers Loyalists of Muhammad	Beylik of Tunis Knights Hospitaller	Algerian and loyalist victory Muhammad I ar-Rashid proclaimed bey of Tunis Bey's commitment to pay a tribute (oil to light the Algerian mosques)
Danish-Algerian War (1769–1772) Part of the Algeria-European War Location: Mediterranean Sea	Deylik of Algiers	Denmark–Norway	Algerian victory Christian VII of Denmark
Spanish-Algerian war (1775-1785) (1775–1785) Part of the Algero-Spanish War Location: Algiers Map of the Spanish attack on Algiers in 1775	Deylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire Tuscany Kingdom of Sicily Kingdom of Naples Malta Portugal	Algerian victory
American–Algerian War (1785–1795) Location: Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean	Deylik of Algiers	United States	Algerian victory United States agrees to pay an annual tribute of $21,600 to Algiers Establishment of the United States Navy
Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) Part of the Algeria-European War Part of the Russo-Ottoman Wars Location: Eastern Europe Siege of Ochakov 1788, by Polish painter January Suchodolski	Ottoman Empire Deylik of Algiers	Russian Empire Black Sea Cossacks Montenegro Serbian Free Corps	Russian victory No major repercussions in Algiers
Reconquest of Oran and Mers el-Kébir (1790-1792) (1790–1792) Part of the Algero-Spanish Wars Location: Oran and Mers-el-Kébir	Deylik of Algiers	Spanish Empire	Algerian victory Spain abandons Oran and Mers-el-Kébir
Tunisian–Algerian War (1807) Part of: Tunisian–Algerian Wars Location: Tunisia	Deylik of Algiers Beylik of Constantine	Beylik of Tunis	Tunisian victory Algerian victory in Constantine Failure to innvade tunisia
Algerian-Tunsian naval war (1811)	Deylik of Algiers Algerian Navy	Beylik of Tunis	Algerian victory
Tunisian–Algerian War (1813)	Deylik of Algiers	Beylik of Tunis	Peace Treaty Tunisian Victory and the invasion repelled Political instability in Tunisia after the death of Hammouda Pasha Algerian Military Victory
Second Barbary war (1815) Location: Mediterranean Sea	Deylik of Algiers	United States	American victory Freedom of movement in the Mediterranean for American ships
Bombardment of Algiers (1816) Location: Algiers Bombardment of Algiers 1816, George Chambers	Deylik of Algiers	British Empire Dutch Empire	Anglo-Dutch victory Sketch showing the positions of the fleet during the bombardment Bombardment of Algiers, painted by Martinus Schouman
Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) Location: Greece Clockwise: The camp of Georgios Karaiskakis at Phaliro, the burning of an Ottoman frigate by a Greek fire ship, the Battle of Navarino and Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt at the Third Siege of Missolonghi	Ottoman Deylik of Algiers Tripolitania Egypt Tunisia	1821: Filiki Eteria Sacred Band Greek Revolutionaries After 1822: Greece Military support: Philhellenes Serbian Revolutionaries Romanian Revolutionaries Russian Empire Kingdom of France United Kingdom Diplomatic support: Haiti	Greek independence: Establishment of the First Hellenic Republic (1822–1832) Start of the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) London Protocol Treaty of Constantinople Establishment of the Kingdom of Greece (1832) Start of the First Egyptian-Ottoman War Map showing the original territory of the Kingdom of Greece as laid down in the Treaty of 1832 (in dark blue)

French Algeria (1830–1962)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result for Algeria and its Allies
French conquest of Algeria (1830–1903) Part of the Algeria-European War Location: Algeria La prise de Constantine by Horace Vernet	Regency of Algiers Constantine Titteri Oran Emirate of Mascara Kingdom of Ait Abbas Sultanate of Tuggurt Kel Ahaggar Awlad Sidi Shaykh Support: Morocco (until 1844)	Kingdom of France (1830–1848) French Second Republic (1848–1852) Second French Empire (1852–1870) French Third Republic (1870 onward) French Algeria Support: Morocco (1847)	French victory Pacification of Algeria Chronological map of French Algeria's evolution
Algerian War (1954–1962) Part of the Algeria-European War Location: Algeria Collage of the French war in Algeria	FLN MNA PCA	France	Algerian independence Military stalemate FLN political victory Évian Accords End of the French Colonial Empire Collapse of the Fourth French Republic Establishment of the Fifth Republic ~1,500,000 total deaths (FLN estimate) ~700,000 total deaths (Horne's estimate) ~350,000 total deaths (French estimate) 1 million Europeans fled 200,000 Jews fled 2,000,000 Algerians resettled or displaced

Conflict

Combatant 1

Combatant 2

Result for Algeria and its Allies

French conquest of Algeria
(1830–1903)

Part of the Algeria-European War

Location: Algeria

Regency of Algiers

Emirate of Mascara
Kingdom of Ait Abbas
Sultanate of Tuggurt
Kel Ahaggar
Awlad Sidi Shaykh Support:
Morocco (until 1844)

Kingdom of France (1830–1848)

French Second Republic (1848–1852)

Second French Empire (1852–1870)

French Third Republic (1870 onward)

French Algeria

Support:
Morocco (1847)

French victory

Pacification of Algeria

Algerian War
(1954–1962)

Part of the Algeria-European War

Location: Algeria

FLN

MNA
PCA

France

Algerian independence

Military stalemate
FLN political victory
Évian Accords
End of the French Colonial Empire
Collapse of the Fourth French Republic
Establishment of the Fifth Republic

~1,500,000 total deaths (FLN estimate)
~700,000 total deaths (Horne's estimate)
~350,000 total deaths (French estimate)

1 million Europeans fled
200,000 Jews fled
2,000,000 Algerians resettled or displaced

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (1962-present)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result for Algeria and its Allies
Sand War (1963–1964) Part of the Algeria-European War Location: Algeria Border Algeria and Morocco	Algeria Egypt Cuba	Morocco Support: France	Inconclusive The closing of the border south of Figuig, Morocco/Béni Ounif, Algeria. Morocco abandoned its intentions to control Béchar and Tindouf after OAU mediation. No territorial changes were made. Demilitarized zone established
Yom Kippur War (1973)	United Arab Republic Expeditionary forces: Saudi Arabia Algeria Jordan Iraq Libya Kuwait Tunisia Morocco Cuba Sudan Supported by: Soviet Union East Germany North Korea Pakistan Lebanon	Israel Supported by: United States Portugal Netherlands Greece	Israeli military victory Political gains for Egypt and Israel 1978 Camp David Accords 1979 Egypt–Israel peace treaty
Western Sahara War (1975–1976) Location: Western Sahara Map of the Western Sahara; the red line is the military berm built by Morocco	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Algeria	Morocco Mauritania	Inconclusive Spanish withdrawal under the Madrid Accords (1976) Mauritanian retreat and withdrawal of territorial claims Military Stalemate Ceasefire agreed on between the Polisario Front and Morocco (1991)
Algerian Civil War (1991–2002) Location: Algeria Military deployed in the streets of Algiers, after the military coup against the Islamists, who took up arms later	Algeria Local militias DRS FLN RND (from 1997) Rally for Culture and Democracy Socialist Forces Front General Union of Algerian Workers MSI/Hamas MRI/Nahda OJAL (mid-1990s) Tunisia European Union France Egypt South Africa Belarus (from 1997)	FIS loyalists AIS (1994–99) MIA (until 1994) MEI (until 1994) FIDA (until 1996) MIPD (1996–97) LIDD (1997) Support: Libya (until 1995) Morocco (alleged) Saudi Arabia (pre-war) Iran (alleged) Saudi private donors GIA (from 1993) Afghan Arabs Takfir wal-Hijra Supported by: Sudan (alleged) Iran (alleged) Finsbury Park Mosque Brandbergen Mosque EIJ (until 1995)	Government victory FIS victory in 1991 election cancelled by military coup, formation of FIS loyalist guerrillas GIA radicals declare war on FIS in 1994 after negotiations with government Spillover to France with Air France Flight 8969 & 1995 France bombings AIS/FIS declare unilateral ceasefire in 1997 as a result of GIA's massacres of civilians Civil war subsided after government amnesty peace plan in 2000 GIA largely ceased to exist by 2002, a dissident insurgency continued
Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) (2002–present) Location: Maghreb, Sahara, Sahel Map showing GSPC area of operations (pink), member states of the Pan Sahel Initiative (dark blue), and members of the Trans-Saharan Counterterrorism Initiative (dark and light blue)	Algeria Mauritania Tunisia Libya Mali Niger Chad France Morocco	GSPC (until 2007) AQIM (from 2007) Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (from 2017) MOJWA (2011–13) Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17) Ansar Dine (2012–17) Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia) (from 2011) Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade (from 2012) Ansar al-Sharia (Libya) (2012–17) Salafia Jihadia Boko Haram (from 2006, partially aligned with ISIL since 2015)	Ongoing Insurgency in Algeria spreads through the Maghreb and Sahel US-led Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara initiated in 2007 Islamists capture northern Mali in 2012, until largely fought back by French-led Operation Serval in 2013 UN peacekeeping mission MINUSMA, African-led AFISMA deployed to Mali French-led Operation Barkhane across the Sahel begins 2014 Chaambi Operations and ISIL insurgency in Tunisia ISIL captures territory in Libyan Civil War, largely fought back by 2016
ISIL insurgency in Tunisia (2015–2022) Location: Tunisia	Tunisia Algeria	Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) Wilayat Tarabulus Wilayah al-Jazair Wilayat Tunis Ansar al-Sharia (only in March 2016)	Government victory The armed insurgency was suppressed in 2022.

Notes

1821
^ From 1826
First nation to recognize the independence of Greece.

References

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Robert J. C. Young (12 October 2016). Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction. Wiley. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-118-89685-3. the French lost their Algerian empire in military and political defeat by the FLN, just as they lost their empire in China in defeat by Giap and Ho Chi Minh.
R. Aldrich (10 December 2004). Vestiges of Colonial Empire in France. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-230-00552-5. For the nation as a whole, commemoration of the Franco-Algerian War is complicated since it ended in defeat (politically, if not strictly militarily) rather than victory.
Alec G. Hargreaves (2005). Memory, Empire, and Postcolonialism: Legacies of French Colonialism. Lexington Books. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-7391-0821-5. The death knell of the French empire was sounded by the bitterly fought Algerian war of independence, which ended in 1962.
"The French defeat in the war effectively signaled the end of the French Empire". Jo McCormack (2010). Collective Memory: France and the Algerian War (1954–1962).
Paul Allatson; Jo McCormack (2008). Exile Cultures, Misplaced Identities. Rodopi. p. 117. ISBN 978-90-420-2406-9. The Algerian War came to an end in 1962, and with it closed some 130 years of French colonial presence in Algeria (and North Africa). With this outcome, the French Empire, celebrated in pomp in Paris in the Exposition coloniale of 1931 ... received its decisive death blow.
Yves Beigbeder (2006). Judging War Crimes And Torture: French Justice And International Criminal Tribunals And Commissions (1940–2005). Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 35. ISBN 978-90-04-15329-5. The independence of Algeria in 1962, after a long and bitter war, marked the end of the French Empire.
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Ottaway, David (1970), Algeria: The Politics of a Socialist Revolution, Berkeley, California: University of California Press, p. 166, ISBN 9780520016552
Brian Latell (24 April 2012). Castro's Secrets: Cuban Intelligence, The CIA, and the Assassination of John F. Kennedy. St. Martin's Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-1-137-00001-9. In this instance, unlike several others, the Cubans did no fighting;; Algeria concluded an armistice with the Moroccan king.
Nicole Grimaud (1 January 1984). La politique extérieure de l'Algérie (1962-1978). KARTHALA Editions. p. 198. ISBN 978-2-86537-111-2. L'armée française était en 1963 présente en Algérie et au Maroc. Le gouvernement français, officiellement neutre, comme le rappelle le Conseil des ministres du 25 octobre 1963, n'a pas pu empêcher que la coopération très étroite entre l'armée française et l'armée marocaine n'ait eu quelques répercussions sur le terrain. == The French Army was in 1963 present in Algeria and Morocco. The French government, officially neutral, as recalled by the Council of Ministers on October 25, 1963, could not prevent the very close cooperation between the French army and the Moroccan army from having some repercussions on the ground.
Anouar Boukhars; Jacques Roussellier (18 December 2013). Perspectives on Western Sahara: Myths, Nationalisms, and Geopolitics. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-4422-2686-9.
Véronique Dudouet (15 September 2014). Civil Resistance and Conflict Transformation: Transitions from armed to nonviolent struggle. Routledge. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-317-69778-7.
Ho-Won Jeong (4 December 2009). Conflict Management and Resolution: An Introduction. Routledge. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-135-26511-3.
Paul Collier; Nicholas Sambanis (2005). Understanding Civil War: Africa. World Bank Publications. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-8213-6047-7.
^ Rex Brynen; Bahgat Korany; Paul Noble (1995). Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World. Vol. 1. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 289. ISBN 978-1-55587-579-4.
^ Sidaoui, Riadh (2009). "Islamic Politics and the Military: Algeria 1962–2008". In Jan-Erik Lane; Hamadi Redissi; Riyāḍ Ṣaydāwī (eds.). Religion and Politics: Islam and Muslim Civilization. Ashgate. pp. 241–243. ISBN 978-0-7546-7418-4.
^ Karl DeRouen, Jr.; Uk Heo (2007). Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II. ABC-CLIO. pp. 115–117. ISBN 978-1-85109-919-1.
Arms trade in practice, Hrw.org, October 2000
Торговля оружием и будущее Белоруссии
Yahia H. Zoubir; Haizam Amirah-Fernández (2008). North Africa: Politics, Region, and the Limits of Transformation. Routledge. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-134-08740-2.
"Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the National Community abroad". UN Algeria. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-07-20.
Atkins, Stephen E. (2004). Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups. Greenwood. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-313-32485-7.
^ Mannes, Aaron (2004). Profiles in Terror: The Guide to Middle East Terrorist Organizations. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-7425-3525-1.
^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (2002). A Tragedy of Arms: Military and Security Developments in the Maghreb. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 126. ISBN 978-0-275-96936-3.
^ Brosché, Johan; Höglund, Kristine (2015). "The diversity of peace and war in Africa". Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford University Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-19-873781-0.
Lyubov Grigorova Mincheva; Lyubov Grigorova; Ted Robert Gurr (2013). Crime-terror Alliances and the State: Ethnonationalist and Islamist Challenges to Regional Security. Routledge. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-415-50648-9.
Kepel, Gilles (2006). Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam. I.B.Tauris. pp. 263–273. ISBN 978-1-84511-257-8.
Siegel, Pascale Combelles (7 November 2008). "Coalition Attack Brings an End to the Career of al-Qaeda in Iraq's Second-in-Command". Terrorism Monitor. Vol. 6, no. 21.
Petersson, Claes (13 July 2005). "Terrorbas i Sverige". Aftonbladet (in Swedish).
Tabarani, Gabriel G. (2011). Jihad's New Heartlands: Why The West Has Failed To Contain Islamic Fundamentalism. AuthorHouse. p. 329. ISBN 978-1-4678-9180-6.
Harmon, Stephen A. (2014). Terror and Insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel Region: Corruption, Contraband, Jihad and the Mali War of 2012–2013. Ashgate. p. 54. ISBN 978-1-4094-5475-5.
"A hostage crisis haunted by the ghosts of Algeria's bloody past". The Washington Post.
"Niger army hunts for Al-Qaeda after clash". AFP. 15 June 2011. Archived from the original on June 16, 2011.
^ "Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)". Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
"4600 soldats français mobilisés". Ledauphine.com. 2013-01-31. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
"François Hollande's African adventures: The French are reorganising security in an increasingly troubled region". Economist.
^ "Tipping point of terror". The Guardian. 4 April 2004.
"Exporting Jihad". The New Yorker. 28 March 2016.
Aaron Y. Zelin; Andrew Lebovich; Daveed Gartenstein-Ross (July 23, 2013). "Al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb's Tunisia Strategy". Combating Terrorism Center.
"ISIS, Al Qaeda In Africa: US Commander Warns Of Collaboration Between AQIM And Islamic State Group". International Business Times. 12 February 2016.
"Niger attacked by both al-Qaeda and Boko Haram". BBC News. 2016-03-18. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
"Tunesia, 18 March 2018". Global Terrorism Database. 18 March 2015. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
"As fighters return, Tunisia faces growing challenge". Reuters. 24 May 2016. Archived from the original on 20 August 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
"A Challenge from Insurgency to the Nation–State". Australian Army Research Centre. 12 May 2022.

v t e Lists of wars involving African countries
Sovereign states	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Eswatini Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
States with limited recognition	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Somaliland
Dependencies and other territories	Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) Madeira (Portugal) Mayotte / Réunion (France) Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)

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