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==Untitled==
'''Archives''': ]

==History==
The only source for early Gothic history is ]' {{Fact|date=April 2007}}'']'' (finished in 551 or around 1850),{{Fact|date=April 2007}} a condensation of the lost twelve-volume history of the Goths written in Italy by ]{{Fact|date=April 2007}} around 530. Jordanes may not even have had the work at hand to consult from, and this early information should be treated with caution. Cassiodorus was well placed to write of Goths, for he was an essential minister of ], who apparently had heard some of the Gothic songs that told of their traditional origins.

Several historians, including ] and ], argue that Jordanes' ''Getica'' presents a fictional genealogy of Theodoric and fictional history of the Goths for ancient propaganda purposes, and cast doubt on the Scandinavian origin, on the supposed royal dynasties, and on the supposed 4th-Century Kingdom of Ermaneric.<ref>Heather, Peter, 1998, ''The Goths,'' Blackwell, Malden, pp. 53-55.</ref><ref>Kulikowski, Michael, 2007, ''Rome's Gothic Wars'', Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, pp. 54-56, 111-112.</ref>

*Actually Jordanes work is known only from edition of German politician and writer ]. The 'Jordanes original manuscript' has been supposedly burn in Mommsen house by his elderly handicapped ancestor. The fact that nobody presented references, to any scholar mentioning Getica before 1800, doubts the document existence in older times. Also computer (n-gram) statistical algorithm, obviously ignorant of 'Mommsen Monumental Works'<!-- as T.M. is frequently praised-->, recognize the major text, of 'Goth language', text as Czech or Polish. Czech Prag is the place where from the ] was forcefully taken. All the surrounding facts point to Mommsen, who was enough good Latin writer to received Noble Price in literature.

What do you think about adding the section above ? Any obejction ?

:'''Re: Getica''' can you provide sources for your addition? If you can provide good scholarly citations, it will be very relevant, though probably still controversial. ] 01:49, 17 April 2007 (UTC)
:'''Re: Codices Argenteus et al.''' there are several codices and fragments. I'm not sure whether the Argenteus was found in Praha but the Speyer fragment wasn't and other Gothic texts or fragments derive from Italy and elsewhere. Although the extant Gothic texts use their own alphabet (modified from the Greek), they use the same uncial writing styles as late antique Greek and Latin texts. ] 01:49, 17 April 2007 (UTC)
:'''Re: "Goth Language"''' see ] for differences between Gothic and the Slavic languages. If you start reading the Gothic corpus, Grimm's Law is very noticable. Other features (the four-case system, ablaut, the two-tense system with present, preterite and the use of the verb "to will" to show the future and future perfect, etc.) also show ties with the Germanic languages. ] 01:49, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

::Yes, and one evolved from the other (the Slavic pronunciation came first). A sound shift does not a new people make (nor even a new language). So, if you follow your own argument, the Goths are split off from proto-Slavic (which would explain a lot of toponymic similarities). Indeed, if it weren't for the few sound shifts, we would be calling Germanic languages Slavic. A very great deal was made of this in the 19th century, but this is the 21st century - and other things, such as genes, are at play as well.--LeValley 05:12, 19 March 2011 (UTC)

{{reflist-talk}}

== High German Connection ==

Can anyone tell me if Gothic was spoken in what became Germany in the Dark Ages? Its never mentionned whether it was, and Im wondering what was spoken there prior to Old High German.] 13:41, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
:Gothic was never widely spoken in Germany (and I am surprised that someone has put a "Germany project" banner on this page). The indigenous population of southern Germany is believed to have spoken Celtic dialects (later probably mixed with Vulgar Latin).--] 13:46, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
::I think the confusion arises because German culture was called "Gothic" by the Italians in the 15th century. This was a contemptuous nickname more or less equivalent to "barbarian". Recognizable Gothic probably didn't arise before the 2nd century, in the Ukraine, and was later spoken, of course, in Romania, former Yugoslavia, Italy, southern France and Spain, but never in Germany. That said, if you include Vandalic, which for all we know was practically identical to Gothic, Vandalic was spoken in what is now Poland and the Czech Republic, and spilled over into Austria and/or southern Germany before they moved forther west to France, Spain and Africa. So, if you like, Gothic (Vandalic) was spoken in souther Germany, if only for a decade or two in the early 400s. ] <small>]</small> 18:27, 23 May 2007 (UTC)

==Encarta?==

I just wondering, do we really Encarta in here? I see a attribution to it ]-22:36, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
:I now deleted that paragraph, about Gothic origins. /] 19:21, 5 September 2007 (UTC)

==Jordanes==
A literal reading of Jordanes is definitely a fringe view. The 1490 BC crap should be removed from the intro. ] 16:17, 5 September 2007 (UTC)
:It is crap written by Jordanes. It tells us something about Jordanes' reliability. One cannot just pick the pieces from Jordanes that one likes (the emigration myth), and discard the rest. This view of Jordanes is not fringe - read: {{cite book |author=Michael Kulikowski |title=Rome's Gothic Wars |id={{ISBN|0521846331}} |year=2007}} /] 16:27, 5 September 2007 (UTC)
::I think Kulikowski overstates the case - I think that without Jordanes, the linguistic evidence still points to strong Germanic influences - but my point is that there are two common models, either (1) throw Jordanes out, or (2) substantially reinterpret Jordanes, yet the intro begins "The Goths (Gothic: gutans, Gutans) were an East Germanic tribe who, according to Jordanes, left Scandinavia in 1490 B.C., settled close to the mouth of the Vistula river (in present day Poland), and settled Scythia, Dacia and parts of Moesia and Asia Minor about a millennium before the common era. In the 3rd and 4th centuries, they harried the Roman Empire and later adopted Arianism (a form of Christianity). In the 5th and 6th centuries, by dividing into the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths they established powerful successor-states of the Roman Empire in Italy and on the Iberian peninsula (now Spain & Portugal)." and I would suggest trimming that to "The Goths (Gothic: gutans, Gutans) were an East Germanic tribe who, in the 3rd and 4th centuries, harried the Roman Empire and later adopted Arianism (a form of Christianity). In the 5th and 6th centuries, by dividing into the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths they established powerful successor-states of the Roman Empire in Italy and on the Iberian peninsula (now Spain & Portugal)." or some such. ] 18:29, 5 September 2007 (UTC)
:::OK, that intro should be uncontroversial. After that, something should be done about the "origins" section. It should be much less prominent than what it is now, and more representative of modern views. Or make it plural: "were East Germanic tribes". /] 19:01, 5 September 2007 (UTC)
::To get a perspective one should know that there were remarkably good connections between Scandinavia and east Mediterranean in the nordic bronze age. The Kiviks grave and also similarities of symbols on rock carvings that also appears in Greece at this time, are among the strongest clues to that. Also findings of amber in Egypt, that has its origin around The Baltic Sea. So at least don't use the word crap. Mange Andersson ] (]) 04:51, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

Well, yes, yes. Some have you have discovered the ancient source problem. All the sources are like that, you know. If the discovery of a false report makes an author totally unworthy of credibility then we have no ancient history. So, some of most authors has to be discounted, but there is a method. You look for substantiation elsewhere. Right now this article is a bit one-sided; however, I will be addressing that soon. A second approach looks for falsity to be substantiated elsewhere. But what do you do then? Well, if something is shown to be wrong, you discount it. Otherwise you have no reason not to accept it. The principle is familiar to us: innocent until proven guilty. So, until someone shows me that Jordanes is wrong then I believe everything he says. If I do not then there can be no ancient history. All the mediaeval writers write the same way: first the items of tradition or belief, then what the author knows. For the earlier times, we are pretty sure no pharohs of Egypt fought it out with the Goths in the Bronze Age. The names he cites are not Germanic. It appears as though he got some Alanic names and traditions, but that is a theory that would have to be proved. A lot of Jordanes is independently verified. We are as safe as anyone in using that. I see that this is the first acquaintance of some of you with the methods and assumptions of ancient history, or indeed history. I hope that you go further; however, this is not a new field, or an unscientific one, or a hobby field where whatever anyone says goes. Jordanes is pretty standard and so pretty much is incredibility of his earliest events. Best wishes, I hope you go further.] (]) 00:46, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

:1. Need I remind everyone that this article is about Goths? Not about mediterranian influences on bronze age Scandinavia, which as yet is to be proven to be Germanic or Finnic; nor about Jordanes' Getica;
:2. Take a peak at ]: using ''auxiliary hypotheses'' to provisionally reject facts contradicting the main clauses of a theory is ''established practice'' in all science, but the rejections must be properly explained in a critical audience,
:3. A special remark for involved Swedes: don't get stingy and fire up for nothing (against "crap"), we're speaking English here in an English speaking culture! Just calm down and forget about Sweden's troubles for a while!
:Said: ] (]) 08:47, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

== Gotar compared to 'gotra' of Indo-Aryan ==

Gotar is also like the word gotra meaning race, linege in Sanskrit and originally only referred to people of Vedic birth right.

The same is with 'Jaata' which is like the word Jute. Jaata also is like Gotra meaning birthright, linege. The word jati is related. <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 10:01, 8 March 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
:If you can produce some kind of credible literature on this, feel free to do so. Until then, let's keep 'Jats' off the "See also" list, ok? ] ] 20:44, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

==Blatantly POV==

This article is so pathetically POV it's not even funny. NOTHING about music, graveyards, poetry, darkness or tips on how to dye your hair black and stuff. You think Goths are old fashioned? There is Goth websites and everything. You people are not living in the real world, we're nothing like this article anymore. Try hanging out at a Goth club for a weekend (if anyone asks you for blood, run) <small>—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 00:06, 10 July 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
:You are looking for ]. --] (]) 02:34, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

To the literatur list you should add the two dissertations by Arne Søby Christensen (Cassiodur, Jordanes and the muth of the Goths (2002) and Ingemar Nordgren (2004), The Well Spring of the Goths. ] (]) 21:48, 31 August 2008 (UTC)Jan Eskildsen

==Great Floor Mosaic==
As far as I can discover no one makes an identification of the head in the scroll of the Great Palace Mosaic with a Goth and the mosaic is not about Goths. There is nothing in it to identify any part of it as Gothic. The head is between motifs that are of hunting and is called a venator by some. Not even the chief scholar who studied it, Jobst, makes a Gothic identification. Moreover the definite dating to the time and palace of Justinian is a bit premature. The issue is not settled; proposals are still being made. So much as we would like to have a known picture of a Goth this is not it. There are plenty of representations of Gothic kings, popes, saints, ogres, what have you. Find one somewhere else.] (]) 11:10, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

==Passage from etymology==
The number of similarities that existed between the ] and ], made the prominent linguist ] consider Old Gutnish to be a form of Gothic. The most famous example is that both ] and ] used the word ''lamb'' for both young and adult sheep. Still, some claim that ] is not closer to Gothic than any other Germanic dialect.

I took this out of etymology because it has nothing at all to do with the etymology of Goth. It's not a bad summary except I've already seen parts of it in the language articles. I'm not saying it shouldn't be used but only not under etymology. If it is still around when I get to language I will consider using it.] (]) 01:39, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

:You did correct. As much as I know, Wessén's opinion is not that well supported today, because the similarities might be due to archaisms in both languages. Said: ] (]) 09:05, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

==Goths v. Goth==
There should at least be a disambiguation link at the top of this page for ] and perhaps a diambiguation page. Currently this term links only to this article. ] (]) 18:44, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

:Done. ] (]) 23:37, 9 November 2008 (UTC)

==Malplaced clause==
In the end of the '''Language''' section, this clause:
:''The Gutar (Gotlanders) themselves had oral traditions of a mass migration towards southern Europe, written down in the Gutasaga. If the facts are ''...snip...'' in the Germanic language family.''
''Firstly:'' why is this in the language section? It should be in a folklore section. ''Secondly:'' in some cases, f.ex. in the Gotlandian tell-tale "sedan träsket brann" ("since when the lake was afire", meaning "since far-far ago") regarding Fardume Träsk (the sole important lake on Gotland), the folklore have since been attested by the archeological remains of burned buildings built over the lake on pileworks, but folklore as such is a weak argument in the Gotlandian case, since the Guta Saga could as well have collected its stories from the history of the Langobards who allegedly copycated their sagacious history from the Goths, so: '''do we actually need that paragraph?''' Said: ] (]) 09:19, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
:I solved (?) this by moving it to '''Symbolic legacy''', where I think (IMHO) it is better suited. Said: ] (]) 09:25, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

== Comments ==

An anonymous contributor, apparently from Lithuania, had many inline comments about this article which can be seen in . ] 01:07, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

== Wolfram ==

Seems to me Wolfram makes three main points about the the Goths.
1- The grave goods did not include weapons. Burial customs should be in the archeology section. But I don't have an archeological source just History of the Goths.
2- The Kingship was stronger than in most other tribes.
3- They were inclusive; that is you could join the tribe, you didn't have to be inborn. I'm not at all certain if or where these belong in this article, but it seems that the ability to easily become a Goth was an essential element of their 1,000 year history of kingdoms in areas from the Baltic to the Black Sea and finally to the Atlantic and Mediterranean.] (]) 19:25, 3 April 2009 (UTC)
----------
== Map showing Ulmerugi-Ulmigeria-Culmigeria ==
. Map showing Ulmerugia or Ulmegeria in ancient Prussia was removed by a user who repeatedly removes references. Observing (] (]) 16:39, 6 June 2009 (UTC))

== goty=THIUDA = "ти иуда"? ==

Немцы - "девче" или "ти иуда"?
А может всё-таки пастухи-кочевники, безъязыкие?

-Deutsche: "девче" : DEVA "мариша", teuton=тевтон. 1188-1241

-THIUDA: готическое слово"tHiuda" от которого немцы ведут своё самоназвание означает "ти иуда". Потому-что раньше слова писали слитно из-за экономии бумаги, а буква "Н" означала также гласную, либо украинское "и", либо украинское "ї", либо словянскую букву "ять". z. B. de Kooplüde vun de düdesche Hanse.

-пастухи-кочевники, безъязыкие: νέμω, νέμο, νέμεται, немые
6) пасти скот, заниматься скотоводством
ex. (ν. τε καὴ ἀροῦν Plat.)
οἱ νέμοντες Xen. — пастухи
7) пасти
ex. (κτήνη Plat.; τέν δάμαλιν Luc.)
тж. med. использовать в качестве пастбища
ex. (τὰ ὄρη Xen.)
τὸ ὄρος νέμεται αἰξί Xen. — на горе пасутся козы;
νέμεσθαι ἐπὴ τῇ κρήνῃ Hom. — пастись у источника

немец Vasmer: Ошибочна также гипотеза о первонач. знач. «кочевник» и родстве с греч. νέμω «пасусь», νομή «пастбище», νομάς «кочевник», νέμος «лес», лат. nemus, -oris «роща». <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 10:57, 20 January 2010 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
==Scythian Goths==
The Scythian Goths is a strange definition, maybe is useful to modify this? ] (]) in order to show that anciet sources used the therm Scythian show a geographic area.] (]) 06:53, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

==Fritigern==

Are there any recent scholarly works which substantiate the claim that ] was a king? Kulikowski avoids saying one way of the other. Not all major Gothic leaders of the period were kings. ] (]) 16:11, 21 April 2010 (UTC)
:I believe that Kulikowski has an opinion about that(not regarding the ] in particulary,but as a general observation), regarding the titles. As far I remember he use the judes, and ...It is in the book :) As an personal observation,( Please keep in mind that I'm not having any reference) till the late medieval period the valachian rules in the area ocupied by the goths in late antiquity were named ].] (]) 06:51, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

== Archaeological records for Goths on the Roman Borders ==

I removed this section since it largely duplicates the corresponding section under Migration. The quote from Madgearu has some interesting information, but as it stands it is poorly translated and not well integrated into the article. Long quotes like this should be paraphrased and tied into the article, not dumped in verbatim as quotes. -- ] (]) 18:20, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
::I see your point. Undoubtfull the roman limes are within Cernijakov culture. I can't with Ceriniakov unde the migration, because the migration is contested by some hystorians like Kulicowski. The ideea that all the acheological research was biased by ] make sense.Considering the we will never know the real truth, some doubts must exist on the migration theory.] (]) 20:10, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
:I'd like suggestions on the division into periods. We could do something like '''Baltic Sea''' (including the Weilbark Culture) / '''Black Sea''' (including the claimed migration, the Chernyakhov Culture, and the Goths on the Roman Borders) or we could use centuries, with some overlap. ] (]) 17:34, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

I would suggest something like ''Baltic Sea'', ''Archaeological remains from the Black Sea'', and ''Historical accounts from Greeks and Romans'' (or ''Historical accounts of conflict with Greeks and Romans''). -- ] (]) 18:25, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

== Sources ==

Why does this list sources with passing mentions of the Goths, lost sources (]' history), fraudulent sources (the '']'') and sources with no connection to the Goths? I have taken the liberty of cutting ]'s "Order of Battle Against the Alans" from the list. ] (]) 14:53, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

They are no more fraudulent sources, then Jordanes, which is based on a lost history, and even lost Cassiodorus is mentioned by others, you have right about Arrian, it was a source used by Ammianus as an inspiration source, still regarding the Adamclisi Metope I belive that the germanic tribes in the first century were similar with the germanic tribes from second century.] (])
:Could someone point out to me where to find Ambrose's reference to Athanaric's royal titles in ''De spiritu sancto''? Paragraph 15 of seems to contain nothing of the sort. ] (]) 22:11, 21 May 2010 (UTC)
::I think it's paragraph 17 of that version - iudex is interpreted as a translation of Athanaric's title. It was paragraph 15 of the version I checked earlier today. ] (]) 03:10, 22 May 2010 (UTC)
:::"Postea vero quam fidei exsules abdicavit, hostem ipsum iudicem regum, quem semper timere consueverat, deditum vidit, supplicem recepit, morientem obruit, sepultum possidet. Quantos ergo et Constantinopoli, quantos postremo toto hodie in orbe mundasti!" I think that's the passage in question. ] (]) 03:12, 22 May 2010 (UTC)

==Gothic groups==

I suggest someone read Heather in particular about the formation of Gothic groups, which is not much dealt with in this article. Ie the Tervingi and Greuthingi were 3rd century groups, amongst others not mentioned. In the 5th century, several groups existed. Only later did the Visigoth and Ostrogoth 'supergroups' emerge after the turmoil and political re-orientation in the post-Hunnic era. ] (]) 10:12, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

::Interesting (and major) point.--LeValley 05:14, 19 March 2011 (UTC)

== Questions ==

If you accept the theory that the Goths originaly lived on the coast of the Baltic sea is it not safe to asume that they;

1. Had regular contact with the people of southern Sweden, who lived only a couple of days journey away by boat and who probably had incentive to trade with their southern neighbors?

2. If they had regular contact with each other and used the same name to describe themselves (or a simular name), then is it not likely that they considered themselves to be the same people?

I think that to much focus in the article and in this discussion has been put on where the Goths originated from. I mean where do the French originate from? Where do the Russians orginated from? Wouldn't it be more relevant to ask- did the Goths consider themselves to be the same as the people of southern Sweden and there maybe Jordanes can give some answeres.

FP <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 04:20, 23 August 2010 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

==Gutans==
please stop restoring the "Gothic: Gutans" without attestation. Least of all in Gothic Unicode.
It suggests that the name is actually recorded in Gothic, or even in Gothic script.
This is not the case.
Feel free to explain "Gothic ''*Gutans'', reconstructed from such and such evidence by this and that author (year)(page)".
Please try to remember we are an encyclopedia, not a Unicode test page. --] <small>]</small> 13:37, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

:Pietroassa ring: '''gutaniowihailags''' often interpreted as "holy (is) the worship place of the Goths". The early form used by the Goths themselves was prob '''* gutanos'''. Strabo mentions "Goutones", Plinius "Gutones", Tacitus "Got(h)ones", Ptolemy (some of them) "Gythones". The gotlandians use the derived form '''Gutna alþing''' for their tings. I would guess '''* gutans''' was singular, and '''* gutanos''' plural. Aside from that, there aren't many alternative options. ] dixit. (]!) 13:31, 3 May 2011 (UTC)

:Or better, see ]. The name "gutans" is simply trivially known for us who know Gothic, but of course such a name needs attestations, citations to reliable secondary sources. ] dixit. (]!) 13:42, 3 May 2011 (UTC)

==Incorrect (comment moved from top of page)==
This article is full of errors and presents old and mostly outdated academic views. The arcticle even gives the impression that the authors seek to foster a kind of Swedish nationalism (so called Swedish Gothicsism). With the actual known history of the Goths this article has very little to do. This article is beyond repair and needs to be re-written in a balanced and academically sound manner.

The best source to base a new article on the Goths on is Michael Kulikowski's "Rome's Gothic Wars", which, despite its narrow title, deals with the entire known history of the Goths.
G.H., historian of late antiquity and early medieval history.
<span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 10:59, 1 September 2010 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

:Definitely this article is heavyily slanted toward 'traditionalist' explanations which have been extensively critiqued by Gofart and Kulilowsky; and needs some serious scholarly attention. Nevertheless, even tho one might aree with nwer interpretations, all sides do need to be presented ] (]) 02:12, 11 December 2010 (UTC)

== Mainstream scholarship is not a citation ==

"Mainstream scholarship" (as in textbooks published by academic presses and textbooks published for university use) do NOT agree that G^t/G^Θ comes from Sweden! Quite the opposite. Since the early 19th century, linguists have proposed all manner of names for the pre-PIE (now usually just called PIE, as it's being pushed back in time well before 8000BP), such as Nostratic. But the sound sequence was already there and the toponyms of Sweden follow far more general rules than just Scandinavian or Germanic rules.--LeValley 03:55, 19 March 2011 (UTC)

== Legacy of the Goths? Removed entries ==
=== Modern cultural Goth subculture ===

{{citations needed}}

] by ]<!--Non free file removed by DASHBot--> depicted the Goths (portrayed as ]) as militaristic barbarians.]]

The meaning of what Goths represented or stood for is various among societies. The Goths are perceived to be both barbaric in appearance but shown intelligence to overcome a great deal of struggle and adversity, and Goths were renowned a class of skilled warriors in the ] and the ] of Europe. The term "Gothic" came to mean dark, macabre, morbid and depressing in ].

In modern times, the "Goths" are more known as a subculture developed by teenagers in the western world in the 1980s and 90's. Their characteristics of ] involved the formation of social cliques among each other, the choice of ]: dress is dark macabre clothing styles, applied face "corpse paint" makeup and dyed black hair, ], some spoke of a marked fascination in death and depressing topics (though a stereotype) and avid fanfare in heavy metal (esp. ] and ]) ] songs or bands. It is unclear whether the "Goth" namesake is linked with knowledge in history about the Goths of ancient times unrelated to the cultural trend in the 1990s and 2000s, thus the meaning of Gothic is interpreted differently in the 21st century.

=== Gothic Ancestry and the Chilean Race myth ===
In the South American country of ], the Goths appeared in literary work of military officer and physician ] in his 1910's novel ''La Raza Chilena''. He wrote a national mythology on the origin of the ], as descendants of "non-Latinized" (Visi)Goths in Spain, a ] from ] (Modern day southern ]) arrived in northern Spain in the 4th and 5th centuries AD. Their descendants the ] esp. in the ] region (formerly the province of Logrono of Castille and Leon) of Spain lived apart from their "Latinized" neighbors.

Palacios explained later the Spaniards of Gothic origin settled the ] of South America in the late 16th century when Chile and Argentina was a Spanish colony. They heavily intermarried with another martial race, the indigenous ] to produce a ] Chilean race, but with (theorotic) evident ] characteristics, according to Palacios, found in both physiology and psychology of Chileans. His book was based on myth of Chile's racial identity relating to tales of bygone Goths of medieval Spain, but he insisted the Gothic ancestors went "unmixed" with ]s lacked evidence to be proven a fact. ] (]) 21:34, 24 October 2011 (UTC)

== Getica is not Gothica ==

Because of Jordanes confusion between Getae and Gots, large parts of Getic and Dacian history were introduced in the history of some germanic populations. Some historic events are distorted following this confusion. Caracalla (in 214) received Geticus Maximus and Quasi Gothicus titles following battles with gets and goths. Also Belizarius received Geticus title after battles against gets.
Iordanes history (Getica) it is impossible to be credible after all these confusions.
] (]) 19:41, 12 January 2012 (UTC)readder] (]) 19:41, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== Goths are not Getae ==

Several historians, including Peter Heather, Arne Søby Christensen and Michael Kulikowski, argue that Jordanes' Getica presents a fictional genealogy of Theodoric and fictional history of the Goths for ancient propaganda purposes, and cast doubt on the Scandinavian origin, on the supposed royal dynasties, and on the supposed 4th-Century Kingdom of Ermaneric.
] (]) 19:48, 12 January 2012 (UTC)readder] (]) 19:48, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== Recceswinth ==

Is there any point in including the anachronistic, historically inacurrate image of Recceswinth, which IP 96.224.various.avatars from NYC keeps inserting? And if we do include it, should it not go with the discussion of the nobility in Spain (under "Legacy"), since its primary purpose is to glorify the latter? -- ] (]) 04:02, 10 August 2012 (UTC)
:It is clearly not appropriate as a lead image and I am not convinced it is more appropriate than the image of the statue of Pelagius in the legacy section, which is what it would have to replace.--<span style="font-family:Black Chancery;text:grey 0.3em 0.3em 0.1em;">''']''' (]) 06:36, 10 August 2012 (UTC)
::Agree with Elphion and Sabrebd. ] (]) 07:52, 10 August 2012 (UTC)

== Era Style- CE Current Era ==
This Misplaced Pages article about the ] shows consistently dates of BC, AD : 567 AD , 1st millennium BC, 4th century BC, ca 1300- ca 300 BC, 1300 BC, 300 BC and AD 100), yet its shows one single date as 1200 CE.

I changed this to AD to conform to the style used in the article, but was reverted with the claim that scholars now use CE http://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Goths&diff=524060598&oldid=524059067 .

I corrected it again and pointed out the inconsistency of that one date (1200 CE in an article of BC's and AD's).

It was changed back to CE with the comment to look up the Misplaced Pages article about Common Era http://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Goths&diff=524094952&oldid=524089113

Well, exactly,[REDACTED] states
*that CE and BCE are used by some scholarly or religious writings.
*Either may be appropriate.
*Use either BC AD or BCE CE notation consistently within same article.

<span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 23:47, 20 November 2012 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

==germanic==


{{Annual readership|days=90}}
there is no such thing as germanic. thet's an imagination of sabbatean/frankists and vatican. you have indo-iranians(slavs) and north african gatherers in europe and thats all about diversity.] (]) 07:56, 31 January 2013 (UTC)


== Origins == == RFC to move ahead on previous Intro and Origins proposals ==
{{Closed rfc top|There is limited participation and most of the discussion below is about what process is appropriate for revising the article and not the revised draft itself. There has been no further participation for well over a week and a close is requested. The only reasonable reading of this discussion is that the proposed draft '''did not gain a consensus''' in favor of implementation. <small>(])</small> ] ] ] 18:40, 14 July 2021 (UTC)}}
{{red|NOTE ADDED 5 June 2021: Please ''do not close'' this RFC. It is on-going.}}--] (]) 08:00, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
:ADDED 7 July 2021. I just note that I think the idea here, based on previous discussions, is to keep this discussion alive for a long period and not rush the final decision. Not sure how others see it or how long this should go.--] (]) 10:19, 7 July 2021 (UTC)


<!-- ] 07:02, 10 June 2021 (UTC) -->{{User:ClueBot III/DoNotArchiveUntil|1623308565}}
Hey it is already known that the Wielbark culture is not related to the Gothic invasion.
Based on previous RFCs and discussions, may we now move ahead with the new Intro proposal of {{u|Krakkos}} (4th column , discussion ), and the new Origins section drafted by me (2nd column ) which would replace the current 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3? --] (]) 06:43, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
The link between "Scanza" and Black sea the Wielbark culture does not exist,because the Wielbark culture was not Gothic. Please stop speculate that Goths came from this pinky god forgotten island east of Sweden as arceologist prooved this:


Pinging. {{u|Berig}}, {{u|Nishidani}}, {{u|Obenritter}}, {{u|Peter K Burian}}, {{u|Bloodofox}}, {{u|Ermenrich}}, {{u|Srnec}}, {{u|Carlstak}}, {{u|Mnemosientje}}, {{u|SMcCandlish}}, {{u|Yngvadottir}}, {{u|Alcaios}}, {{u|Pfold}}, {{u|North8000}}, {{u|Sea Ane}} feedback please.
'''''However, archaeologists are wary of ascribing ethnicities to archaeological cultures, and it is considered to be an extremely difficult matter. This is reflected by the names used for the cultures, usually baptised after the towns where remains are found. The latest tendency is to doubt the equation between the Wielbark Culture and the Goths, and contemporary researchers do not believe that immigration from Scandinavia is the sole cause of the Wielbark Culture.''''' http://en.wikipedia.org/Wielbark_culture


The real Goths came from the east, most possible Ural mountains went south to Scythia minor and Sarmatia. They came exactly in 2-3rd centuries along with Hunnic-bulgar invasion. Maybe then in 2-3rd centuries some migrated to the north.


*'''Yes''' (as proposer). I think these two drafts correspond to the various opinions and ideas mentioned in previous RFCs and discussions. I have already agreed with Krakkos on his lead proposal. There was a clear consensus in previous RFCs that the 3 sections about possible "pre Goths" which will be compressed now can better be expanded upon in other articles, because they have a tendency to expand and become controversial and overwhelming on this large article. Tweaks are possible of course, but I recommend moving ahead. --] (]) 06:43, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
==Ugly as a Goth==
*'''Comment''' Changes to the initial parts of the ] (Origins) section are currently being discussed at an earlier RfC found at ]. I doubt whether it is helpful to have two ongoing RfCs on essentially the same question. We should probably resolve the earlier RfC before we "move ahead" with its conclusions.
In my city (northern Portugal, the Germanic early settlers were the ], conquered by the Visigoths) we have an expression which is "Feio como um gode" which means "Ugly as a Goth", to mean people who are very ugly as in "That guy is ugly as a Goth". I always found this expression curious as people also use it naturally, not knowing who the Goths were, must be similar to Vandals (which has the meaning everybody knows), but as expected nothing is written about it. People here also call "gode" to round river stones. Dont know if similar expressions are found elsewhere (most notably in Spain and France) or something was written about it in medieval texts.--] (]) 22:40, 24 March 2013 (UTC)


:Concerning the proposed change to the Intro, i think we should get some feedback before we move ahead. ] (]) 08:39, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
Hi Pedro,
::I have now requested the closure of three ongoing RfCs above which cover similar questions as this one. ] (]) 09:06, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
I always heard "feio como um bode" or "ugly as a goat".
:::OK, I guess that makes sense, formally at least. No rush, so no harm getting the details right. Thanks Krakkos. OTOH, do you have any concern about this RFC as such? I didn't see any problem at least starting to ask people to look at the two proposals?--] (]) 14:48, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
I'm pretty sure this expression is much more spread across the entire country and Galiza too.
::::Asking people to look at proposals is alright. On the other hand, posting the same proposal in mulitple RfCs and sections leads to confusion and makes it harder to work out sensible solutions. Interconnected RfCs should be handled in a reasonable order one step at the time. Making a new RfC with a request to "move ahead" with a counter proposal to a ] being ] is problematic. Regarding your counter proposal for the Origins section, i am concerned about its removal of many quality sources, its undue emphasis on the views of historians at the expense of philologists/linguists and archaeologists, and its lack of a coherent structure. ] (]) 17:56, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
Perhaps in your village people use this new version of my traditional expression.
:::::I posted one proposal in one RFC. This links the decisions about moving forward in two early parts of the article, and I think this is correct because these have clearly been linked discussions, also for other editors. (The shortening of the lead is also connected to the reduction of emphasis on "pre Goths".) There were no other open RFCs or running discussions. If you try to (re)open a second RFC that could then be problematic in the way you describe. The old RFC which led to my new Origins section proposal was clearly already useless as an RFC a month before it was terminated because it was no longer about one clear proposal. Many had been discussed and rejected. Mine is best considered a new one.--] (]) 18:43, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
Perhaps some one said it the wrong some day and it "stuck".
{{od}}
Regards. <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 15:35, 22 February 2020 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
{{re|Andrew Lancaster}} ] has now been closed with the conclusion that there is a consensus to trim the early history sections and use ] as a basis for trimming and further refinement. Are you alright with moving ahead with this previous proposal? ] (]) 09:10, 9 May 2021 (UTC)
:Apart from the new intro, drafted by you, the other part of this RFC is my draft of a shortened and united "Origins" section, to move ahead on a basis as described in that closure. During that previous RFC you proposed other ideas which all failed to create a concensus, so my draft is now the next one needing feedback. (We did not really need the closure because it was obvious what was agreed.) To quote the rest of the closure "{{tq|There is a rough consensus to use the proposed text as a basis for further refinement. Whether the participants in this discussion believe such refinement should take place in a sandbox, in the article directly, or on this talk page is not clearly established below but can be determined through the normal editing process.}}" --] (]) 18:18, 9 May 2021 (UTC)
::There was a rough consensus in ] to use ] as a basis for further refinement. Would you object to moving ahead with that? ] (]) 08:24, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
:::I think my proposal is clear, and is the basis of this RFC. This draft evolves from that same previous RFC as all your drafts, and that's how I suggest we go ahead. Other editors can say if they prefer your draft, or a mix of the two, or neither. But I suggest we leave these two drafts unchanged for a while now, and try to allow other editors to absorb them and comment. --] (]) 12:42, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
* '''Not an improvement'''. This "Origins proposal" ignores key conclusions from previous RfCs and is less informative and balanced than the current version. The proposal may be appreciated due to its shortness, but content quality is of greater value than content shortness. ] have reached consensus that this article should put less emphasis on dubious ] and more emphasis on archaeological, linguistic and contemporaneous historical evidence. Despite of this, the proposal maintains discussion on such origin stories while removing all references from linguists (], ], ], ] etc.), virtually all references to archaeologists (], ] etc.), and a large amount of essential references on contemporaneous historical evidence. Various sub-par sources are in turn introduced to support the minority viewpoint that "there is no Gothic history before the third century", while top-notch sources supporting the majority viewpoint are removed, ignored and/or misrepresented. It may also be noted that the proposal lacks a coherent structure, in contrast to the current version, which is at least chronologically structured. The History section of this article can certainly be improved and trimmed. Removing essential content and rewriting it in an incoherent manner in support of a minority viewpoint will put it on a weaker basis for such improvement. ] (]) 16:01, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
:::{{u|Krakkos}} we've looked at the sources in previous discussions and you are misrepresenting them. That Gothic ''history'' starts in the third century is mainstream for historians, and ''history'' is the speciality of historians. Secondly, you are ignoring the fact that your draft proposal contains ''no'' discussion about some critical topics such as the mainstream idea that a small elite probably carried gothic/gothonic traditions between various places. So my draft actually ADDS critical information, which you've been hiding from our readers. Your draft is instead based on treating Jordanes as a fact, and there was a strong concensus that this article needs to get away from that. Thirdly, archaeologists are cited so much by you ONLY to defend your complete dependence upon Jordanes, ''but they are NOT Jordanes experts''. I am all for Misplaced Pages having a better coverage of the archaeological discussions - but the main discussions should not be in this article.--] (]) 09:43, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
::::This article is about Goths rather than Jordanes. We should therefore be citing Goths experts rather than Jordanes experts. Your proposal increases the weight given to Jordanes and Jordanes experts, and that is opposite of the clear consensus established in previous RfCs. The chief mainstream historians on Goths are ] and ], but your proposal minimizes and misrepresents their views in order to push minority viewpoints as a matter of fact. That archaeological and linguistic evidence is of relevance to Gothic origins and early history is agreed upon both by mainstream scholars and by prior talk page consensus. Such evidence should be cited to archaeologists and linguists who are Goths experts, rather than Jordanes experts. That certain archaeological and linguistic evidence corroborates parts of Jordanes is not a valid argument for removing such evidence. Likewise, the addition of material about "gothic/gothonic traditions" does not necessate the misrepresentation of Heather and Wolfram and the complete removal of citations from archaeologists and linguists. Such misreprentation and removal of essential sources from experts on Goths reduces the quality of the article and puts it on a weaker basis for future improvement. ] (]) 11:31, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
:::::Other editors should compare my draft to yours and the current version in order to confirm the facts. My drafting page (and indeed the archives of this talk page also contain extensive evidence concerning what the sources say.--] (]) 11:53, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
::::::Just for completeness, I forgot to link to my older comments on the draft which I understand to still be your latest draft for a shorter pre-history section: . A major concern is cherry-picking of sources in order to promote the Jordanes story, while hiding what experts in the various fields really believe and write.--] (]) 07:51, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
*'''No''', I see no reason to remove studies on archaeology, lingistics, and genetics surrounding the origin of the Goths, and especially since the origin of the Goths is a very notable and still controversial topic.--] (]) 16:58, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
:::{{u|Berig}} perhaps there is a misunderstanding. The previous RFCs made it clear that there was a consensus not to ''remove'' such information from Misplaced Pages, but to focus upon it more in other articles. There are already many articles related to this article, concerning linguistic, archaeological etc topics. None of these topics can be done justice here. This article focuses on the topic "Goths" as that term is used in sources. The various disputed proposals about "pre Goths" should be mentioned and linked to, but there has been a strong consensus expressed about concerns that these disputes continually take over this article and talk page. There was also a strong theme of the need to ''stop'' making Misplaced Pages treat Jordanes as the main source for all of this. I would add that we really must make it more clear that mainstream scholars ''these days'' make use of the Vienna school's concept of a small elite who carry traditions with them, not requiring a large movement of people. In my draft this is ''added'', whereas previously it has been hidden from our readers. How can we justify this?--] (]) 09:43, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
*'''Pinging as reminder.''' The previous RFCs decided that the 3 controversial sections about possible Gothic origins before the 3rd century should be shortened, because the main discussion is for other articles. This is the current proposal, which actually covers reliably sourced topics currently excluded from our current article, despite being significantly shorter and simpler: (4th column). {{u|Nishidani}}, {{u|Obenritter}}, {{u|Peter K Burian}}, {{u|Bloodofox}}, {{u|Ermenrich}}, {{u|Srnec}}, {{u|Carlstak}}, {{u|Mnemosientje}}, {{u|SMcCandlish}}, {{u|Yngvadottir}}, {{u|Alcaios}}, {{u|Pfold}}, {{u|North8000}}, {{u|Sea Ane}}. So far: (1) Krakkos has also linked above to his older proposal, and I linked to my analysis of that draft showing the problems. If I understand correctly Krakkos would however prefer that the previous RFCs never get acted upon. (2) Berig also prefers that the previous RFCs never get acted upon. (3) No one else who participated in the previous RFCs has commented on the present proposal.--] (]) 08:43, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
::The key conclusions of the previous RfCs were to increase emphasis on archaeological, linguistic evidence, contemporaneous historical accounts and secondary sources, and to shorten existing material. Attempts to act on these RfCs have been proposed and supported by the wider community, but you have opposed these efforts. Your proposal constitutes a complete rewrite of key sections of this article, in which top sources are replaced with sub-par ones, and essential information on archaeological, historical and linguistic evidence is entirely removed. This is the opposite of the conclusions of the RfCs, and constitutes a significant reduction of article quality. For more than a year you have made essentially the same proposal here multiple times (], ] etc.). Making the same proposals over and over again and pinging users endlessly until one gets the desired result is not a good approach. ] (]) 10:05, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
:::LOL. '''This RFC is my first proposal''' and it was made slowly, based on the RFCs and aiming to match the diverse comments of other editors, after very thoroughly reassessing the sources. It includes additional information and sources compared to your current controversial Jordanes-based version. There is at this stage no evidence at all that there is any opposition to my proposal apart from you and Berig. But that is not surprising because you are both clearly opposed to the decisions and opinions in the previous RFCs and want the opening of this article to continue to be tacitly Jordanes-based, in order to spread the word that Goths are Swedes (and DNA will prove Jordanes right one day, etc, etc). None of your proposals show any interest in archaeology, let alone linguistics or DNA. ''Editors should read my actual draft.'' Your previously rejected draft is still clearly linked to as well, and people can still say if they prefer it, or see bits they like better. BTW on my drafting page I have also shown extra sources that can be added to my version, but many editors may find my draft over-footnoted. I do not believe your approach to sourcing always matches our community norms, but I've tried to follow you part of the way due to the inevitability of the outrage which will be expressed if the footnotes are fewer or less long. There is also a table showing the problems which your draft has, including source distortion. Anyway, I have no problem with my draft being rejected after a proper discussed, but what is more important it to make sure the drafting discussion and feedback leads to clarification of what changes are needed. Please do not disrupt this discussion with misleading {{red|red herring}} remarks.--] (]) 14:36, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
::::You made false remarks about me (and Berig) and then pinged a whole bunch of editors. Of course i have to respond to such {{red|red herrings}} which disrupt the discussion. This article should be based on the research on Goths by the foremost experts, including archaeolgists, historians and philologists. Your proposal involves the removal of the sources from these experts and their replacement with weaker ones which support the fringe viewpoint. Such removal is essentially what you have been proposing repeatedly for more than a year, using a supposed need for "simplicity" as justification. ] (]) 16:00, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::That is not a valid excuse. However, I'll agree with one thing:- The "Goths are Swedes" theory, which only comes from Jordanes, and features ''Berig'', and which you have made the central theme of this article while pretending it is from modern archaeologists, is indeed a long term controversy among most editors of this article, and has indeed been raised before by me and others in different contexts before. You are right about that. But I repeat that this draft is a first attempt to make a quite carefully sourced compromise based on a wide range of editing opinions and a careful reassessment of the sources. {{red|Please let discussion go ahead?}}--] (]) 16:37, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
*'''Support''' With the caveat that my knowledge and depth on this is insufficient for a thorough confident answer. <b style="color: #0000cc;">''North8000''</b> (]) 13:38, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
::Your feedback is precious. Are there any bits you throught particularly strong or weak?--] (]) 14:39, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
*I was on the losing side of both RFCs. I do not share the community's view of how to make this article better or even of what is wrong with it. Therefore, I have no opinion on the implementation of the RFCs. ] (]) 00:33, 3 June 2021 (UTC)
::{{re|Srnec}} I do not think the RFCs above are clear enough about details to say your position "lost", and I also can't believe that you would say the differences between the two proposals currently being made have no connection to the points you made. My draft was made after your rejection of the one made by Krakkos. I also looked at the way other editors all referenced your opinions (e.g. {{u|Carlstak}}{{u|SMcCandlish}}). Could you double check what I am proposing? I suppose BTW you are referring to your two comments here: . Honestly I counted your opinions as having received a lot of support and I have tried to work to ''reduce'' "obsessive focus on origins", and the use of selected snippets about topics which can only be properly handled in dedicated article or articles.--] (]) 06:44, 3 June 2021 (UTC)
Adding a note and also responding to Andrew's question, the caveat in my post is because I have not taken the deep dive needed to thoroughly learn the article, proposed changes and situation well enough to give full-fledged opinions. If y'all think that extra input is needed, I'd be happy to do that. Sincerely, <b style="color: #0000cc;">''North8000''</b> (]) 16:06, 3 June 2021 (UTC)
:Personally I think the more detailed feedback that can be given the better. Having a draft rejected is no problem but a more important aim is gathering feedback and new perspectives.--] (]) 19:51, 3 June 2021 (UTC)


OK, I took a deeper dive. My first more detailed comment is on the half of the RFC dealing with the lead. I think that the specific question is substitution of the linked "column 4" for the current lead. IMO this would be a good move, with the understanding that this doesn't "lock in" the whole thing but leaves it open to tweaks. The lead should be a summary of the article. In comparison. the current lead is more of a blizzard of factoids that is hard to absorb and the column 4 looks like a easier-to-read summary. Since the lead should be a summary of the article, there should not be anything in the lead that is not in the article so removal of the old lead should not result in any loss of material. But you might want to double check that or possibly you did already. Sincerely, <b style="color: #0000cc;">''North8000''</b> (]) 21:15, 3 June 2021 (UTC)
== Dubious ==
:I would agree with that step forward. Krakkos made it, and so presumably would not be opposed to that step either.--] (]) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)


:::First, Srnec is a well-respected editor whose edits I've seen on many articles concerning historical topics on my watchlist. I can't remember that I've ever disagreed with an edit that he made, but if I did, I know that he would have a well-reasoned explanation of his thinking. I don't have time now to delve into this, but I know that Srnec's thoughts always deserve consideration—he is knowledgeable and expresses himself quite well.
The root in Gdańsk & Gdynia is gъd-, used in various placenames in many Slav countries with the meaning 'wet, marshy/swampy'; see https://pl.wikipedia.org/Gda%C5%84sk#Toponimia & https://pl.wikipedia.org/Gdynia#Toponimia for references. ] (]) 18:06, 25 March 2014 (UTC)


:::One day years in the future some Wikipedian will do a forensic analysis of the voluminous discussion on this talk page and its continuing stasis. That person will be amazed and perhaps lose his or her sanity from contemplating all the ever-increasing gigabytes of argument. May he or she rest in peace—that's what I'm going to do.;-) ] (]) 02:04, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
== Where were they settled after the Adrianople revolt? ==
::::{{re|Carlstak}} I propose that in order to avoid problems with the undead, ignore the whole history of the talk page and just read the short and simple draft? '''Any kind of feedback might help.''' The proposal does not require a re-reading of every debate because this simple single change is easy and uncontroversial to summarize: {{red|a big reduction of everything concerning speculations about the origins of the Goths before the third century}} (as {{u|Srnec}} requested). The people who don't like it agree that this is what is doing.--] (]) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::I'm glad you have a sense of humor, Andrew. Please understand that I'm a bit zombified myself these days—I'm not quite running on all cylinders and just don't have much spare time. I read your shorter draft, compared it to the other, and find the short version to be much better—it's concise and less confusing, although I thought we had consensus that excessive footnoting with quotes from the referenced authors was not desirable. ] (]) 03:40, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::{{re|Carlstak}} It's a good point about having a sense of humour. Helps a lot with this article, and I don't think it is just you but maybe even our whole community which is getting a bit tired of some types of work (and yes we are all getting older, and apparently we are not doing well recruiting young people). Just on the footnotes, as far as I am concerning all the direct quotes can be removed (or reduced), but realistically I kept them in for discussion of the draft because we have a long history on this article (like Germanic peoples) of a specific argument that reduction of this is un-sourced, or even "removing quality sources". How do we stop the bots from removing the RFC template while discussion is on-going?--] (]) 07:57, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::::{{Done}} As you can see, I've added the "RFCBot Ignore Expired" tag to the page. ] (]) 15:37, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
* Resolve the earlier-opened RfC first, then, yes, let's get on with it ("it" being some combination of what's been proposed so far and whatever comes out of that other RfC). I think this is a good summary of the current consensus, based on past RfCs not counting that still-open one: "The previous RFCs decided that the 3 controversial sections about possible Gothic origins before the 3rd century should be shortened, because other articles." <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 11:32, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
*::{{re|SMcCandlish}} which RFC do you say is open? Which question is unanswered? Please clarify. I am glad you agree with my summary, but don't quite follow.--] (]) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
*:::I was responding to "Changes to the initial parts of the ] (Origins) section are currently being discussed at an earlier RfC found at ]. I doubt whether it is helpful to have two ongoing RfCs on essentially the same question. We should probably resolve the earlier RfC before we "move ahead" with its conclusions." If that's now also closed, then let's integrate the results of it with previous results. I tend to agree with: "The previous RFCs made it clear that there was a consensus not to ''remove'' such information from Misplaced Pages, but to focus upon it more in other articles." But the devil is in the details of how to shift focus and narrow scope. I tend to agree at least in spirit with this, too: "Interconnected RfCs should be handled in a reasonable order one step at the time. Making a new RfC with a request to "move ahead" with a counter proposal to a ] being ] is problematic." But I'm not sure that's a 100% accurate description. Regardless, I see enough blowback already to think that this new RfC is a bust. It would probably be most productive to prepare a draft revision based on the previous RfCs and then see if it meets with approval. Give us all something concrete to look at instead of more of the same arguments. They're getting hard to follow except for people really focused on this particular page. When I say we should get on with it, I mean get on with improving the article, which is a content endeavor not more talk-page argument. PS: ] is stuck at exactly the same stage of the same process: lots of discussion and "voting" about how to revise, but a need to just write the revision, with everyone's concerns in mind and balanced to the extent possible, then put that draft up and see if it sticks as the new base from which we'll work moving forward. <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 11:58, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::{{re|SMcCandlish}} I can't follow, and I think one of us is misunderstanding the situation. According to me you are referring to a closed RFC as open. Also you are proposing that the next logical step is that someone should propose a new draft. ''That is exactly what this RFC is?'' In terms of the older draft of Krakkos, Krakkos called in an admin to close all the older RFCs, not me, but I've continued to remind editors that this draft also still exists. (The result of this RFC could also be a hybrid or something based on new ideas.) I also don't understand your reference to blowback EXCEPT in the inevitable sense that Krakkos and Berig do not agree with the opinions of other editors in the previous RFCs (as per the summary you agree with) and would prefer the article to keep the Goths-are-Swedes theme of the controversial opening sections. That is of course a disagreement which goes back long before I ever worked on this article, and one where both editors believe ideology-driven academia is partly to blame, and are waiting for new DNA evidence to prove them right. We can't expect any consensus that will resolve that disagreement at this time? I believe however we can come to a happier compromise if the ''academic'' versions of the Swedish proposal can be properly discussed in a more specialized article. I think most of believe trying to fit the MAIN discussion of that here is just never going to really work?--] (]) 13:52, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::If I'm misreading something, I'll just sit out for a while. Anyway, I don't think the present thread is going to come to an active consensus to do anything, and stick to my advice to work on a draft and try to get buy-in on it (taking editorial suggestions to work toward a compromise version). <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 10:28, 7 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::::{{re|SMcCandlish}} This thread ''is'' meant to be an RFC about a specific draft. For any such draft RFC to work, indeed we need some feedback and "editorial suggestions". (That would also apply to any future draft.) ''So feedback is what is needed now.'' So far, this draft has had more positive feedback than the drafts of Krakkos in the previous RFC. The only criticism about my draft so far is from Krakkos who suggests my draft should have more footnotes. (Berig disagrees with the whole aim of shortening the origins discussions. That is not a criticism specific to any draft.)--] (]) 12:17, 7 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::::This is far too much meta-discussion about my own input/viewpoint. I'm not in control of this discussion or any processes. <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 16:10, 19 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::{{re|SMcCandlish}}, I can't really follow these occasional remarks, but the fact is that this RFC is now at a point where simple feedback (positive and/or negative) about the proposed draft is what would be most helpful. --] (]) 20:30, 19 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::I can support the Krakkos lead, for its concision, and your Origins section, for its appropriate post-lead detail and sourcing, which is nevertheless more concise than what we started all this to revise. <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 00:23, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::I agree with SMcCandlish on these points; they are my sentiments exactly. ] (]) 00:56, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::Thanks for the feedback {{re|SMcCandlish}} and {{re|Carlstak}}. I am not 100% clear what "more concise than what we started all this to revise" means. Does mean you find my draft to be on the short side? As background, feedback from {{u|Srnec}} on the previous drafts from Krakkos was pushing for a shorter version, as I understood it. Anything you think needs changing?--] (]) 06:28, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::I don't mean that it's too short; rather, it is short enough . I.e., good job. If Srnec and someone else want to tighten it even further, I don't object, but I like how source-dense it is for the amount of verbiage, and how much verbiage it leaves for other articles to get into. <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 05:29, 5 July 2021 (UTC)
:Well, maybe one step towards simplification would be to do the change to the lead if there is a consensus or no objections. <b style="color: #0000cc;">''North8000''</b> (]) 12:09, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
{{Closed rfc bottom}}


== re-appearance of DNA section ==
Trying to find where this info is located in Misplaced Pages, it just seems to mention "They were given land in Roman territory" after the Gothic Wars, but doesn't specify where (I believe it was northern Bulgaria?). I've looked at the Goths, Visigoths, Thervingi, Gothic War, Battle of Adrianople and Alaric I pages but can't seem to find this stated anywhere (unless I'm not looking closely enough).


I have removed the following which was added by what I understand to be a single topic IP editor with an interest in Swedish topics:
I know they moved around a bit but surely as terms of the peace they were given a specific area of land rather than just told to "mingle"? ] (]) 17:59, 2 May 2014 (UTC)
{|class=wikitable
|DNA evidence seems to be consistent with the traditional perspective described by Jordanes of a Scandinavian migration. The DNA comparison shows the Gothic populations DNA structure is similar to southern Scandinavia. It is unclear if the Oksywie culture was replaced by the Goths or created by the Goths. Before the Gothic immigration, the DNA of Central Europe was different and more diverse. Exactly how this migration happened could not be reached. The study published in 2019 seem to confirm the notion that Goths originated in southern Sweden and Denmark. But the study also cites more research in archaeology and genetics is needed to gain a greater understanding of exactly how the Gothic migrations influenced the history of the region. The study studied populations from different periods and DNA structure in Northern Poland changed due to an influx of immigrants. In Kowalewko in Poland, the Gothic newcomers 200 AD had significantly different DNA from previous locals that inhabited the region. <ref> https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43183-w </ref> <ref> https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332781862_Goth_migration_induced_changes_in_the_matrilineal_genetic_structure_of_the_central-east_European_population </ref>


The spread of the Scandinavian I1 Dna group is also closely linked to the Migration period during the collapse of the Roman empire. Current research shows that before the Goths migrated ] was confined exclusively to Scandinavia. The migration of the Goths resulted in the spread of the genes outside of Scandinavia for the first time. Goths buried in Italy shared genetic affinity with modern-day Scandinavians also having a dominant I1 gene. <ref> Teska M, Michalowski A (2014). "Connection between Wielkopolska and the Baltic Sea Region in the Roman Iron Age". www.semanticscholar.org. S2CID 56295624. Retrieved 2020-12-10.</ref>
== vestrogoths ==
|-
|{{reftalk}}
|}
After many previous discussions, similar material was previously removed by {{u|Srnec}}. Concerned raised included ], ], ], ], ]. Archived discussions: , , . The section being expanded this way is also recently agreed to be one needing trimming, because focus on such speculative topics about pre Goths has been a significant distraction from the main topic .--] (]) 07:31, 30 May 2021 (UTC)


{{collapse top|discussion with IP editor}}
Anyone have information on who the vestrogoths were?
But the large concentration around Rome is persistent with the Gothic sack of Rome. Over 15 per cent of I1 DNA in modern times. I1 only became dominant around 500 BC in Scandinavia. The fact that modern-day Romans have 15 per cent I1 is probably due to the Goths settling down in Rome. Before the migration period, modern-day Romans lacked I1 DNA. Know they have 15 per cent which is huge and do not indicate a small case migration of elite. The Goths buried in Rome also show Genetic affinity with modern-day Scandinavians with a dominant I1 gene not common in Germany Poland, or elsewhere. The DNA evidence suggests the Goths did migrate en mass from Scandinavia. Modern-day British populations also have 15 per cent I1 DNA thanks to the Vikings and Anglo Saxon migration from Scandinavia. Fifteen per cent around Rome is a very high number if you take into consideration 1500 years have passed and that modern-day Romans have so much Scandinavian heritage. Where did it come from if not the Goths? The German populations have 15 per cent so if they had sacked Rome the I1 spread would have been lower. For example, France or modern-day Frenchmen— conquered by the more German Franks have far less I1 DNA.


== Rescued comment by another user from Archive ==
Only a pure Scandinavian group could have made Rome so incredibly Scandinavian. The Genetic evidence shows the Goths are almost identical to modern Swedes. Also the fact that the DNA


:Moved
They also found almost all Goths remains buried in Italy being genetically related to Scandinavians. https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml
::The above comment was posted in an archive by {{u|Modredd}}, presumably by mistake. --] ] 23:16, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
::Eupedia and various discussion forums are the better places to discuss such speculative ideas. Here on Misplaced Pages we have a more boring aim, of just summarizing what holds fields agree upon, and/or what they are debating. Even that is complex enough. :) Individual research papers are can not be used to summarize a whole field, but for better or worse Misplaced Pages's community grudgingly accepts them to be reported in specialist articles on human population research, archaeology and so on. (Concerns about this have been posted regularly over the years.) This article is not one of those, because it has enough to do just covering the very rich topic of the Goths as known from history, but there are some related articles where we are reporting some of these things. However, a secondary problem we have had is that Wikipedians have been adding their own conclusions and not just giving a neutral report of these research papers. That is definitely against our core content policies, and something to do on other websites, not this one.--] (]) 11:15, 30 May 2021 (UTC)


:::Yes, but presumably this was meant for ]? It has nothing to do with the Germanic tribes, the subject of this article. -- ] (]) 00:34, 18 September 2015 (UTC)


That proves the at least partial Scandinavian origins of the Goths. Is not better than to for example research something else about World war 2 or some other topic needing attention... <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding ] comment added by ] (]) 17:48, 30 May 2021 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Xsign -->
:::::{{ping|Elphion}} Oops. Yes. ] ] 08:41, 18 September 2015 (UTC)


::''When'' new publications appear which show something new, we look at those. That is how Misplaced Pages works. In the meantime, predicting what the new publications will show is for other types of websites. At this stage there is no body of published material with strong conclusions about Gothic origins, based on DNA. Eupedia is not a reliable source. And there is no publication at all which suggests sthat Rome is "incredibly Scandinavian"!! FWIW I1 is very widespread in Europe, and has a difficult distribution to make conclusions about because it is pre-agriculture.--] (]) 19:11, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
== Expand lead from overview section ==
Sorry but I1 is very Scandinavian it is true that the gene has been found before. But it was not until the late Nordic bronze age it started to get broadly spread. Also, it is only dominant in Scandinavia and Northern Germany. Also, Scandinavians have 35-40 per cent I1 DNA. So it is very Scandinavian even if it have old origins it was not dominant in any region in Europe until the late Scandinavian Bronze age. Also, the Lombards could be a source of I1 in Rome. So maybe the Goths were R1A or another haplogroup... But calling it a none Scandinavian gene is pretty ignorant. Lombards could be the source of I1 in Italy. It only became dominant around 500 BC for unknown reasons. It also spread to Germany when the Celts got weakened by the Ceasars invasion. All Germanic people groups originate in Scandinavia or Northern Germany. Ceasar's invasion of the Gaul weakened, them so the Germanic peoples could invade.


It is not dominant in any region except Scandinavia and Finland. The groups' origins are disputed but did not start to gain dominance until 500 before christ so all of its spread over the rest of Europe is contemporary history and all migrations that spread it is recorded in Southern European history. R1A also seem to be widespread in Italy so the Goths also had German ancestry. However, the Italian studies showed a great affinity with Scandinavians. In Gothic graves. For example, before the Anglo-Saxon invasion, no I1 was present in Britain. Ireland has no I1 except in Dublin due to it being founded by Norse settlers. Before that I1 was small or marginal. The clustered in Turkey comes from Varangian guards during medieval periods large swaths of Norse males migrated to the Byzantine empire to serve as guards. Northwestern Spain was the final refugee from the Islamic invasion. Sicily got I1 from Norman invasions. The cluster around Sankt Petersburg is due to Norse settlers using it as a trading hub. Laying the foundation for the Rus states.
The lead contains only two sentences on this rather lengthy topic. I propose to lengthen it by moving content there from the "Historical summary" section. Also perhaps add a "timeline" section. As it's a little hard to follow as it is. --] (]) 00:20, 7 September 2016 (UTC)
The Germanic migrations dispersed I1 lineages to Britain (Anglo-Saxons), Belgium (Franks, Saxons), France (Franks, Visigoths and Burgundians), South Germany (Franks, Alamanni, Suebi, Marcomanni, Thuringii and others), Switzerland (Alamanni, Suebi, Burgundians), Iberia (Visigoths, Suebi and Vandals), Italy (Goths, Vandals, Lombards), Austria and Slovenia (Ostrogoths, Lombards, Bavarians), Ukraine and Moldova (Goths), as well as around Hungary and northern Serbia (Gepids). The I1 found among the Poles (6%), Czechs (11%), Slovaks (6%) and Hungarians (8%) is also the result of centuries of influence from their German and Austrian neighbours. The relatively high frequency of I1 around Serbia and western Bulgaria (5% to 10%) could be owed to the Goths who settled in the Eastern Roman Empire in the 3rd and 4th centuries. In Turkey and Russia unlike Rome, England or Germany it was not a full-scale migration therefore I1 did not become widespread only some Varangian guardsmen acting as police in Greece and Russia and settled and married Greek or Russian women. The I1 spread is closely linked with recorded historical events. Sicily have a concentration probably due to Norrman settlers moving in taking the houses of Muslim Arabs after the Norman conquest. Also Vladimir the Great seem to have also been descended from the I1 subgroup.


But all this information in the article does not have to be written in the article of course. Just the fact that the origins lie in Scandinavia from I1 and that Goths probably were not intermixing that much with close by populations. Or it could be Lombards in the graveyard. The other things I mentioned about modern Rome citizens having a lot of I1 admixtures was just to prove my point.
== A scythian heritage perhaps ==


Amorim, Carlos (2018-09-11). "Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3547. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3547A. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4. PMC 6134036. PMID 30206220.
Weren't Goths the same as scythians , who's homeland was to the east of caspian sea , before the current day sino - mongol inhabitants of central asia ? i don't even have to put a link in here there are multiple web sources claiming this .


:The frequency of old Y haplogroups in regions is not a good predictor at all of where the haplogroup originally dispersed from, but in any case this is not the place to try to publish your personal speculations. This is not a forum. We just make articles which summarize what has been published in expert fields as a whole. This is not the place to present novel hypotheses based on primary research. It just isn't what Misplaced Pages is for. Please familiarize yourself with how Misplaced Pages works.--] (]) 22:50, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
Misplaced Pages itself suggests that every asiatic tribe has raided europe at least once : the Huns , avars , alans , Attila , mongols , etc. so Why not Scythians ? Maybe German people were their foot soldiers . It doesn't seem like the ancestors of current day german people conquered anything at all . If anything Rome conquered germans not the other way around . Isn't it because scythians were also the forefathers to modern day persians that things get political and they are not mentioned here on[REDACTED] ? The catholic encyclopedia is more fair in this regard . if you visit their webpage you can get better information on non-christian topics such as the scythians.


] (]) 08:36, 1 September 2017 (UTC)


I took articles published by genetic experts in Poland thought.
== Gothic migration ==
I just wanted to add the genetic research a team of 6 different DNA researchers from Poland concluded in their DNA analysis. I did never want to include this and also I1 is not an ancient genetic group. It developed during the Neolithic in Scandinavia and is not related to the I2 group. It is the only major DNA group in Europe with none Asiatic origins. The researchers concluded that the Goths females were married to or taken by neighbouring tribes. The gothic female genes are present among modern poles. But not male gothic DNA is not as common. Showing that the Goths kept for themselves for some reason. But that poles are also descended from them due to locals finding gothic women attractive. This was not my own conclusion this was based upon a polish team with 6 researchers. They concluded the Goths were partially Scandinavian or German in origin and that their women mixed with modern-day poles.


This article could probably do with some critical notes inserted from books such as Christensen's 2002 study of the Getica, Kulikowksi's writings on Gothic origins from his ''Rome's Gothic Wars'', and so forth. The Scandinavian-origins narrative is not nearly as uncontroversial as this article currently seems to suggest. — ] (] · ]) 09:36, 25 September 2019 (UTC)
:I haven't been keeping up with my barbarian origin theories, but I was under the impression that a large number of scholars today reject the notion of migrating Germanic tribes entirely, following attacks by ], among others. In this reading Scandinavian orgins are given to the Goths by the Romans because its far away and makes them Barbaric and later peoples are given Scandinavian origins because it becomes a trope.--] (]) 13:31, 25 September 2019 (UTC)
:: Truthfully it's probably one of the most contested issues at the moment. The most I will venture to say is that there is evidence from the Gothic language that the Gothic language community - whether that is identical with the Goths as a supposed ethnic group or not I will leave aside for now - moved around quite a bit in its prehistory. Certainly the Gothic language did not originate in the Balkan/northwestern Pontic area where the Goths first appear (leaving aside earlier uncertain references; cf. Christensen 2002) in the historical record during the third century and where the Gothic Bible translation was created. Where it did originate is problematic. The language shares both features unique to North Germanic and features only found in West-Germanic and Gothic. It features loanwords from Proto-Slavic, but also Celtic loanwords not found in any other Germanic language. Gothic prehistory is mysterious as hell. — ] (] · ]) 13:50, 26 October 2019 (UTC)
::: I know this discussion above is some months old, but the same topic was being raised more widely and I have been modifying ] and going over the literature. To put it on record here, the Gothic case is not necessarily the same as some of the other ones. (Indeed one of the concerns of scholars is the lumping together of "Germanic peoples" as if they all did the same thing. Some points:
:::*The place where Goths live in contemporary sources was roughly the Ukraine.
:::*The idea that they came from the north is something we need to balance carefully: (1) In reality it comes from the much later work of Jordanes, who also mentions ancient Egypt and Amazons. (2) OTOH archaeological and linguistic evidence is consistent with the idea that they came from the direction of the Baltic sea. (3) They certainly might descend from the Gutones of the Vistula estuary, but I don't think this can be called proven. (4) That they moved to the from Sweden is I think something which comes only from Jordanes and word games. It should be attributed and not reported as a known fact.--] (]) 08:02, 17 February 2020 (UTC)


Inducing the I1 haplogroup into Poland. . Eastern European populations do not have patrilinear ancestry from the Goths. It is not old 4000 years old. It only started to become common 500 before Christ. The Eupedia article also states that I1 large spread across Europe is a result of the Germanic migration period. It was a dead genepool until it for, some reason, had evolutionary benefits and spread across Scandinavia and Germany. Italic researchers concluded the Gothic graveyard were genetically similar to modern-day Scandinavians. The spread of I1 across Europe can only be traced to Germanic migrations.
{{Talk:Goths/GA1}}


But if the editors do not want to include DNA research in the article let's ignore my edits. But they are consistent with what I read in a research paper published by six genetic experts. No DNA edits I get it. I Will not try it again.
== Etymology section: verification issue ==


{{collapse bottom}}
The current etymology section cites Wolfram 1990 p.21, where he does mention the theory Misplaced Pages is currently giving in its own voice. However, it mentions other options, and specifically says that to pick one as a winner would be arbitrary. A quick summary of Wolfram would be that we do not know for sure what the etymology is.--] (]) 14:23, 4 February 2020 (UTC)
The notion that genetic evidence should be excluded from this article, when it appears in so many others, strikes me as very peculiar, if not outright special pleading. The genetic evidence is solid evidence, not "speculative ideas" as you call it. -- ] (]) 15:04, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
:{{ping|Krakkos}} This is still a clear verification failure. There are clearly several etymology proposals, and WP should not be picking a winner.--] (]) 07:54, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:I see what you mean, but it is not quite that extreme. As a general rule on Misplaced Pages there is concern about the use of such research, but more about our ability to use it well. DNA information is concrete in a sense, but interpreting it is tricky because there are very few good secondary works which help us draw historical conclusions from isolated tests on skeletons here and there, and so we risk ]. Historically, on this article on others, editors including such material have based their historical conclusions almost entirely on the ideas of various online bloggers etc, despite superficially citing peer reviewed research reports which generally make very meagre comments about history or language. Typically what we therefore when apprioriate is list basic summaries of results from various articles, and keep it as neutral as possible, restraining ourselves from bringing in ideas from the blogosphere, no matter how interesting. If you follow the links I posted above I once proposed a way we could do that here but other editors preferred the current option, and I also agree with them. The OTHER issue here is not an opposition to DNA as such but the longer running discussion (see various RFCs) about trying to move coverage of Gothic origins to other articles (], ], ] etc). This does not only affect DNA, but also archaeology and discussions about Jordanes. I think I speak for a majority of editors (based on several RFCs) when I say that the space we dedicate to these topics on these articles is too little to be able to do justice to those topics, which are complex in their own right.--] (]) 13:25, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
::{{ping|Krakkos}} we now have several theories, all different, but all stated as facts in "Misplaced Pages voice". This is clearly a case where Misplaced Pages should be explaining that there is no conclusive consensus, only several proposals.--] (]) 11:36, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::I agree with Elphion that the exclusion of genetic evidence from this article is unhelpful. Stolarek et al. (2019) did a genetic study which is directly relevant to the Goths:
:::{{ping|Krakkos}} Still a problem. Getting worse even. If there are several theories then we can not report them all and say they are all true. Obviously.--] (]) 19:11, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::{{talkquote|"The collected results seem to be consistent with the historical narrative that assumed that the Goths originated in southern Scandinavia; then, at least part of the Goth population moved south through the territory of contemporary Poland towards the Black Sea region, where they mixed with local populations and formed the Chernyakhov culture... he genetic relationships reported here... support the opinion that southern Scandinavia was the homeland of the Goths." – {{cite journal |last1=Stolarek |first1=I. |last2=Handschuh|first2=L. |last3=Juras|first3=A. |last4=Nowaczewska|first4=W. |last5=Kóčka-Krenz|first5=H. |last6=Michalowski|first6=A. |last7=Piontek |first7=J. |last8=Kozlowski |first8=P. |last9=Figlerowicz|first9=M. |display-authors=3 |date=May 1, 2019 |title=Goth migration induced changes in the matrilineal genetic structure of the central-east European population |journal=] |volume=9 |issue=1 |at=6737 |bibcode=2019NatSR...9.6737S |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-43183-w |doi-access=free |pmc=6494872 |pmid=31043639 |quote=}}}}
::That study found evidence of Gothic connections with Scandinavia. Andrew Lancaster is constantly seeking to remove such evidence, and is using all types of ]s to justify such removal. One such pretext is to create ] like ] and ], and then to advocate the transfer of evidence he doesn't like from this article to the POV forks. Another pretext are supposed concerns about citing genetic studies. Interestingly, Andrew Lancaster has been citing himself at Misplaced Pages articles on genetics. His concerns about genetic studies seem quite selective. I think this article has space for a sentence or two about the genetic studies on Goths that have been published so far. ] (]) 14:20, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
:::Why are you pretending a 2009 edit on another article is recent or relevant? I defer to my summary above for links to several past discussions about DNA relevant to THIS article, especially . The Stolarek 2019 article did mitochondrial DNA tests, which are useless for this purpose, and said the result was CONSISTENT with Goths coming from Sweden. The edit to remove it was made by {{u|Srnec}} and was also strongly agreed by others including {{u|Alcaios}} and {{u|Carlstak}}. I also refer to recent RFCs for discussion about moving origins details out of this article, where the closing admin noted a "clear consensus".--] (]) 16:18, 31 May 2021 (UTC)


== Goths = Gutones and similar assumptions ==


*The lead jumps straight into making a simple equation between the Gutones in Tacitus, living on the Vistula, and the Goths in the Ukraine centuries later. This simple equation is not how our better sources explain it, and in fact this is uncertain.
*The etymology section has apparently been written to back this up with mention of a Gutone-like form on an inscription. You only need to read the WP article to see that this inscription is also uncertain.
*Missing the uncertainty also means missing some of the colour. Our better sources describe the Goths as a mixed people. We also seem to be missing the whole concept of "Gothic peoples" which existed (i.e. Goths plus similar peoples, some of whom probably did not speak Germanic languages).
*Another result of simplification is that lead treats the Visi/Ostro distinction as something which already existed in the Ukraine or even Poland. Did it?--] (]) 16:20, 15 February 2020 (UTC)
:: I agree with you that this is a bit of a confused article, could benefit from a thorough and critical rewrite. Small note though regarding the second bullet point - it is important to note that the part of the ] that is uncertain is not really the ''gutan-'' part, it's mainly the ''-iowi-'' part ''hailag'', too, is fairly unambiguous). The link with ''gutthiuda'' is also not particularly problematic. — ] (] · ]) 17:55, 16 February 2020 (UTC)
::: But still, it seems at least one proposal disagrees? Do do this well we ideally need sources which not only give proposals (there might be hundreds) but which also help explain what the current consensus or majority opinion in. Not always possible, but if you know of any...--] (]) 22:07, 16 February 2020 (UTC)
Here is what Peter Heather says about one issue in this article (Heather, Peter (2012). Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe, page 199):--] (]) 09:26, 17 February 2020 (UTC)
:the immigrants had come across the Danube in two separate groups: Tervingi and Greuthungi. This distinction disappeared, in my view, by 395, in another by 408. But the date is a matter of detail. North of the Danube, the Greuthungi and Tervingi had been entirely separate political entities. Within a generation of crossing the Danube, the distinction disappeared.
Another example of the pattern of misleading/hidden content in this article is the way in which the Hlöðskviða is treated as straightforward history in this article, and fitted together with Ammianus Marcellinus.--] (]) 13:46, 24 February 2020 (UTC)
:Thanks {{ping|Krakkos}} for looking at this, but to be clear, one concern here is that I would understand it the events in the saga can not simply be dated and connected to a single real conflict? That is what the inclusion of this material in the section where it now is, would seem to imply though?--] (]) 16:35, 24 February 2020 (UTC)
::I'm looking into it. But it will take some time. ] (]) 16:36, 24 February 2020 (UTC)
Concerning origins myths, they should of course be mentioned. But apart from Jordanes and his Gutones story there were also other parts of Jordanes. And there were also Procopius and Isidor of Seville, who had things to say about the origins of the Goths.--] (]) 13:51, 24 February 2020 (UTC)
:Concerning origins narratives, Christensen, cited below, has a very detailed analysis.--] (]) 08:15, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::Our foremost sources on the Goths, ] and ], consider the Gutones ancestral to the Goths. In his 2018 entry on the Goths in '']'', Heather classifies the Goths as a "Germanic tribe". Divisions among the Goths are first attested in the 3rd century AD, and this article reflects this. The article doesn't discusses divisions into ] and ] until after the Hunnic invasion in the late 4th century, which is in accordance with reliable sources such as Heather. ] (]) 13:37, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::No, that dictionary is not a "foremost source", and what are you talking about? It would be ridiculous to base this article on that source only, and the community won't allow that way of working. Please be more reasonable and practical. There are several significant content-based content concerns listed above. Please address them in a practical, constructive and policy-based way rather than trying to trump them with some artificial concept of a "foremost source" that no other editor has recognized.--] (]) 20:05, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::To help you understand how RS discussions work, for example on RSN. Can you name any respectable source in this field which ''cites'' ''The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity'' as an authority? Does Heather himself ever do it? Wolfram? Pohl? Goffart? Liebeschuetz? Halsall? You have to be able to show a practical and effective reputation. Goffart is on the other hand cited respectfully by everyone. If you want an example of an encyclopedic source in this field which is treated with respect, there is of course the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, which cites all of the above types of chaps, and also, BTW, Christensen, and Rübekeil. ''That'' is how we work on Misplaced Pages when we write articles.--] (]) 20:15, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::{{ping|Krakkos}} your editing today has gone even further in the direction of basing all sourcing on one preferred author. You have written quite a lot about how you know that there are quite a lot of scholars who disagree with that author. Obviously the article's content is controversial while it stays like this.--] (]) 19:13, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


== Goths and Gutones again ==
{{ping|Krakkos}} The new second sentence still states as a simple fact, in effect, that the Goths were the Gutones, with no mention of controversy:
:They are first documented by Roman writers in the 1st century AD as living along the lower Vistula
This is obviously referring to the Goths=Gutones theory. (There is a citation to Heather, but with no page number, and also the sentence has two parts. In any case I think Heather and Wolfram are indeed authors who accept this theory to some extent, even if they also might not agree with the wording we have.) Most write-ups of this theory are more cautious than Heather and Wolfram, but both of them are arguably also more cautious than our sentence. Examples of stronger criticism of this theory, which are certainly not rare or limited to any small group of scholars:
*{{citation|first=Ludwig |last=Rübekeil |chapter=Scandinavia in the light of ancient tradition |pages=594-604 |url=https://books.google.be/books?id=PBKxhq2p0PgC |title=The Nordic Languages |volume= 1 |year=2002 |editor-last1=Bandle}}
**Rübekeil also gives a different etymology than WP.
*{{cite book|first=Arne Søby |last=Christensen |title=Cassiodorus, Jordanes and the History of the Goths: Studies in a Migration Myth |year=2002|url=https://books.google.be/books?id=AcLDHOqOt4cC}}
**Long and positive review by Ian Wood which goes into many details: http://www.dendanskehistoriskeforening.dk//pdf_histtid/103_2/465.pdf
I think the wording should therefore be modified.--] (]) 07:48, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:I have modified the lead. However, ] and ] are certainly more reliable sources on the Goths than Rübekeil and Christensen. In his 2018 article on the Goths for ], Heather mentions no doubts about the equation between the Goths and Gutones.
::I don't see how you can say Heather and Wolfram somehow trump Rübekeil and Christensen on this particular topic? Both Heather and Wolfram on this topic defer to the field, and talk about what "philologists" etc, think. Rübekeil and Christensen are people who get cited for specialist works on it (and there are not many) so the type of people the other two are deferring to.
::Anyway, even if they were "better", it would make no difference: WP sourcing is not "winner take all" and we must NOT pick winners, when we know there is significant controversy.
::Concerning the Oxford book, as mentioned many times tertiary works are generally not the best sources for resolving how to write up a subject where there is a controversy - especially, of course, when they are the type which does not mention controversies, because, to say it again, on WP we MUST report controversies. (In contrast, some of the German resources on topics like this give very detailed literature reviews concerning all the latest debates.)
::In summary, the WP norms on this type of issue are really indisputable.--] (]) 13:57, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::This issue is a question of ]. As ] has phrased it, due weight is best determined through references from "commonly accepted ]". The highest-quality reference text on the Goths is Peter Heather's article on them in the 2018 edition of the ''The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity''. No high-quality reference texts mention any doubts about the connection between the Gutones and Goths, and such doubts should therefore not be given much weight in the lead. ] (]) 14:06, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::No you are apparently misunderstanding the normal policy interpretations and community consensus, either ] or ]. Secondly, you have not at all shown that Heather's Dictionary article is the "commonly accepted reference work" or the "highest quality". The articles by Rübekeil and Christensen are widely cited by various expert writers as specialists on ''this specific topic'', at the very highest level of writing. Experts in this field OTOH do NOT generally cite Oxford, Cambridge or Britannica reference articles. And consider ]. Heather and Wolfram are bigger in sales and have a high status overall, but in the sections you are citing they defer to the specialists. We can get community feedback from ] if necessary but honestly there is no doubt about this IMHO.
::::OTOH, thirdly the most important general point to please understand is that the threshold for saying that a whole group of strong sources are worse enough than some others to ''not be mentioned at all'' is also ''much'' higher than just saying that the source is a bit less strong in terms of book sales or University positions or whatever. Rübekeil and Christensen are certainly not ], which is what you seem to be arguing. --] (]) 15:02, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::BTW, I only gave two sources just to save time. I honestly did not think anyone would argue like this, given that WP is really even being written much more strongly than Wolfram or Heather to begin with. For one of the sources I even gave a review article, to confirm its status, but I also could have given more examples of reviews and comments especially about the Christensen article, and I could have given more sources which agree with a similar position. How far do we need to take this discussion? Consider also ]. You are not proposing a mere "balancing question" but the total censorship of a very highly discussed and respected position (similar to your arguments about Goffart). Honestly, you will not be able to make any stable articles if you continually try insisting on something so extreme. It is very far from the norms of this community. --] (]) 15:21, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::I'm not advocating any "total censorship", but minority positions should not be given undue weight, particularly not in the lead. The theory that the Gutones and the ] are unconnected to the Goths is contradicted by our best sources on the subject (], ]), and isn't mentioned at all in any of our best reference works (Heather, ], ]). These sources flatly equate the Gutones/Wielbark culture with the Goths, and thus take a stronger position than this article does. We are not "experts in the field", but volunteers writing an encyclopedia, and must therefore take due weight into account, which as Jimbo has said, is best determined through examining "commonly accepted ]." ] (]) 18:45, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::::In other words, you are really advocating that due weight means "all or nothing" and really that ''would'' be censorship (zero mention) of the less popular opinion, no matter who cites it. That is really, really not going to work on WP if you keep trying this, and mentioning Jimbo is ridiculous to be honest. No normal editor on Misplaced Pages will agree with this approach, and neither will Jimbo. Get over it. Please ''make sure'' you mention the ''respectable'' minority positions whenever you write any article. If not, then it will just be a very long and hard process which will never work out well.
:::::::But secondly, what would be a policy-based argument that your preferred sources are better than the ones which disagree? None. You have given no such policy-based argument. You have none. If it were really all or nothing, many of your favourite theories would be up for deletion. You seem to just see WP as a ] where you have to push out other opinions and get yours to dominate. Why do you say Heather is number one, and Goffart, for example, can be ignored? Such a position makes not policy sense at all. If you have a rational argument, explain it. Goffart is surely in the running for being ''the most prominent writer in this whole subject area'', and your way of writing about him has nothing to do with that of your favorites Heather or Wolfram or Liebeschuetz, who are clearly all heavily influenced by him. Nor have we even gone into the subject of what the German sources say, and your sources all cite the German sources.
:::::::Thirdly on a point of detail, the question we are discussing is not about the relevance of Wielbark and archaeology. I don't see much dissent about the archaeological evidence, but more about whether we can specifically say that Goths=Guthones. Wielbark is not the name of a people. It is an archaeological material culture. The way you equate languages and material cultures and peoples is definitely something no serious author in the 21st century is doing any more.
:::::::...Let me know if you insist on any of these points and then we can try to word a question together for one of the community discussion groups. If you were right though, we would then have to start deleting a lot of things you are writing into the articles. --] (]) 19:58, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::::You have to use more sources and reflect what the field says. You can't just cite one source all the time.--] (]) 21:02, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::::This article cites plenty of diverse sources, with weight given to the ]. Check the reflist.
::::::::If ] is the preeminent scholar on the Goths, it seems strange that ''none'' of our best ]s mention his ] or list him as a source.
::::::::That the Wielbark culture is to be equated with the Goths and related Germanic groups is the consensus of opinion in scholarship:{{talkquote|"s now '''generally accepted''' that the Wielbark culture incorporated areas that, in the first two centuries ad, were dominated by Goths, Rugi and other Germani... he Wielbark and Przeworsk systems have come to be understood as thoroughly dominated by Germanic-speakers..." - {{cite book |last1=Heather |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Heather |translator-last1= |translator-first1= |translator-link1= |year=2012 |orig-year= |chapter= |trans-chapter= |chapter-url= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |title=Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe |trans-title= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=suwVDAAAQBAJ |series= |language= |volume= |edition= |location= |publisher=] |page= |pages=104, 679 |doi= |isbn=9780199892266 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |quote= |ref=}}}}
::::::::I have no interest in any ]. We recently had a bitter edit war at ], and as soon as i backed down you completely rewrote the article. That article still has serious issues with original research, lack of sourcing and neutrality as a result of your editing. Instead of fixing the serious issues of that article, you have instead followed me to this one, an article which you have never edited before, and which is in the midst of a ] review. It seems clear that you're the one who has a ]. ] (]) 21:17, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::::::Amazing answer avoidance. Again, you can't just name your favorite dictionary article as a "reference work". ''Has anyone ever cited it?'' Does any other Wikipedian even see it as an authority? Rule of thumb based on ] which can help avoid battles and create table articles....
*Publications which are never cited by anyone (outside WP) are ''not'' normally reference works or authorities.
*Publications which are commonly cited by experts, are ''not'' the types of articles you should ''ever'' be censoring. Make sure you mention their positions in a fair and balanced way, and certainly do not ever delete all mention of them.
:::::::::Also: I am watching a lot of articles connected to Germanic peoples now. Logical. Of course your own posts have constantly pointed out to me that there are other WP articles that you work on, which all have similarities. Some are split off from Germanic peoples. I think it is logical that groups of articles should be coordinated and not have completely different approaches. OTOH If you can explain any problems about ''my work'' on Germanic peoples, in terms of real policy, sourcing, logic, grammar, spelling, etc, that other people can understand, do so, on that talk page. Constructive feedback would be great. Last I heard your position was that what you think of as Goffart's opinions should not be mentioned there. In general your approach there was not constructive but a ].-] (]) 21:41, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::::::...and your Heather quote does not mention Gutones. Remember to read what you are replying to.--] (]) 21:51, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::::::::] doesn't mention the Gutones, because he obviously equates them with the Goths. '']'' is certainly a reliable source. I'm not advocating any "censorship", but we must take ] into account when writing articles. What exactly are the changes you are proposing? ] (]) 10:05, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::::::::No one is saying that this Oxford Dict is not reliable for anything, but it is a very big and serious call to be saying that a very commonly held scholarly position ('''doubt about Goths = Gutones''') should be not mentioned at all (so yes, censored). And this source you keep mentioning is not only un-cited by anyone, it does not even discuss the question.
::::::::::::...So it clearly can not justify a censorship of other positions. ''So evidently these doubts need to be discussed in our article.'' By the way, not many specialist authors have addressed the Gutones equation in any detail since 2002. I think Christensen is the last book really focused on this, unless you count Goffart. Goffart describes it as the latest work on the topic ( p.265 ). Christensen has been cited and reviewed quite a few times, and I have not yet found any which brought counter arguments on this specific issue - not by Heather or Wolfram either?
:::::::::::::And to repeat, these doubts do not necessarily deny a connection to the Wielbark culture, but only the very over-exact story based on Jordanes's version, which even Wolfram admits to be chronologically impossible (which is why he says there must have been several related tribes with similar names, and that the movements of peoples were small elite groups). As I have mentioned a few times, your combative way of pushing your preferred sources actually makes you write things up very differently (more extreme, less cautious, over-simplified) than the scholars you agree with.--] (]) 11:03, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
One more source I own, and have been reading, which was published after Christensen, cites him, and does discuss the question here:
*{{citation|last=Steinacher|url=https://books.google.be/books?id=RIt4DwAAQBAJ|first=Roland|title=Rom und die Barbaren. Völker im Alpen- und Donauraum (300-600) |year=2017}}
On page 48, roughly summarizing, he says that historians now dare to ask how and in which way the Gutones, starting in the 3rd century, might have been related to the so called Gothic peoples. Names and groups who used them should not be treated as the same without critical examination. The continuities and connections between the Wielbark culture and the Goths of the 4th century accepted, the relationships were more complex. The only thing sure is that the Goten/Gutonen/Gauten, as with the Rugii name, carried prestige and was prominent. Archaeology is basically in agreement that in the 2nd half of the 2nd century, culture and funeral norms from the Vistula area were similar to those from the northern edge of the pontic Steppe zone. What is debated is whether the reason for these parallels is the mobility of small bands, or large migration movements (as used to be generally accepted), or simply a culture transfer. For the traditional account, Jordanes plays a role. Archaeology can help? He then discusses the archaeological evidence, and concludes that the Goths show a lot of older local traditions along with influence of BOTH Wielbark and Przeworsk.--] (]) 12:04, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:BTW I am wondering if our article is not downplaying Przeworsk (possibly Vandals) too much as a possible vector of cultural transmission.--] (]) 12:06, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::I am also surprised we are using this source, and in fact using it quite a bit for quite unusual wording compared to what the real doubts of scholars are (like Goffart and Christensen):--] (]) 12:47, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
* {{cite web |url=https://www.ancient.eu/Goths/ |url-access= |title=The Goths |last1=Mark |first1=Joshua J. |author-link1= |date=October 12, 2014 |orig-year= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor1= |editor-link1= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editors= |department= |website=] |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans-title= |type= |format= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn= |jstor= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |access-date=September 17, 2019 |via= |quote= |ref=harv |subscription= |registration=}}
::It looks like a online/paywall non-scholarly history magazine?--] (]) 12:47, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
Perhaps useful. Shows an example of Christensen being cited as important in a "reference work"; Reallexicon de Germanischen Altertumskunde:
*{{citation|chapter=De nordgermanische Sprachzweig|title=Altertumskunde – Altertumswissenschaft – Kulturwissenschaft: Erträge und Perspektiven nach 40 Jahren Reallexicon de Germanischen Altertumskunde |editor-first1=Heinrich |editor-last1=Beck |editor-first2= Dieter |editor-last2=Geuenich |editor-first3= Heiko |editor-last3=Steuer|url=https://books.google.be/books?id=IvxfAHpY9TkC|first=Thorsten|last=Andersson|year=2012}}
Roughly (p.235): A migration of the *gutaniz and other tribes out of Scandinavia has long been generally accepted, whereby we now mean a tradition-bearing "Kerne", in the wake of Wenskus, Wolfram and Pohl. Such migrations are however more recently strongly in question. Partly, this could be a reaction to earlier emphasis on Scandinavia. More difficult is perhaps the increasing criticism of Jordanes' legendary presentation of the gothic migration out of Scandinavia. Jordanes will thus be deliberately left out. My argumentation...--] (]) 14:38, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


I thought haplogroups were pretty consistent with ancestry. Especially when Genetic specialists in Poland agree they are true. Also, Goths had a central European or polish variant of R1A that also seem to be spread out along Spain and Italy in a similar cluster with I1. I also used an Italian source examining actual remains of Gothic warriors in Italian graveyards from 500 BP exactly after the sack of Rome by the Goths and Lombards. Taken from a Gothic burial in Rome. I1 at least seem to be the dominant group in the populations only in modern Swedes, Danes and in Norway I1 is dominant in Goths too... At least those found in the graveyards of Rome.
== Supposed evidence from the Sagas ==
<ref>Amorim CE, Vai S, Posth C, Modi A, Koncz I, Hakenbeck S, et al. (September 2018). "Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3547. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3547A. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4. PMC 6134036. PMID 30206220.</ref>
Also one similar examination done by genetic experts in Italy 2020 seems to confirm the Scandinavian origins of the Goths done in 2020 <ref>Estes R (2020-10-16). "Longobards Ancient DNA from Pannonia and Italy – What Does Their DNA Tell Us? Are You Related?". DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved 2020-12-11.</ref>
{{reftalk}}
::::Since we had some semblance of consensus not to delve too deeply into the origin stories, I think we should refrain from including the genetic discussion in the main body of the test. Krakkos was right that a sentence or two is merited about the recent genomic evidence, but let's make them informational notes, as the science of genetics is still very young and in transition. We don't need this page becoming politicized by focusing on a controversial area. To this end, Andrew's position seems the most in keeping with editorial consensus. --] (]) 19:03, 31 May 2021 (UTC)


::::{{ec}}FWIW, Haplogroups, types of DNA, obviously do have something to do with ''biological'' ancestry. But this article is not about biology, and ''mitochondrial'' DNA is a special small chunk of rarely mutating DNA that we only get from our mother, and these change very slowly and apparently (scientists have found) don't normally spread in a way which can be used to connection to language or ethnicity in smaller regions like Europe. If you've you've ever tracked your own mitochondrial DNA or, like me, worked with genealogists in large groups, you'll know how the closest mitochondrial matches of people with European ancestry tend to come from thousands of kilometres from their own known ancestors. This is why most well-known labs working on population history don't use mitochondrial DNA, at least not exclusively.
It seems concerning that WP is not only stating as a simple fact that the Goths appear in Norse Gutasaga, which is not clear at all, but that this is being given as the FIRST bit of evidence concerning the origins of the Goths, before Graeco-Roman literature and archaeology?--] (]) 09:05, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::ALSO, Roberta Estes is an American blogger. The article she discusses about Roman DNA is comparing to Hungary, looking for evidence of Lombard movement, ''not'' Scandinavia, ''not'' looking at Goths.--] (]) 19:18, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
:The relevance of the ] to the origins of the Goths is mentioned by ]. I have moved the section in question down below those on archaeological, literary and genetic evidence. ] (]) 13:27, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::This article is not about ] either. Does that mean we should purge the article of all references to Latin literature? Of course not. This article is about ancient people, and our understanding of ancient people is based on a combination of literary, linguistic, archaeological, genetic and other material. Genetic information can be used to get insight into many things, for example human migration and social organization. The ] that we inherit from our mothers is one type of such useful genetic information. examined what they perceived to be Gothic mtDNA, and drew some conclusions from it. I think the addition of a neutral reference to Stolarek et al. (2019) would be helpful. This could be done through formulating a sentence or an informational note. ] (]) 19:45, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
::I would say "possible relevance" but indeed I am not suggesting removing all mention, just re-sequencing it. I realize you are working on these sections bit by bit anyway, and I am making notes here on that basis. (I have edited one sub-section about classical authors you did not get to yet and added more sources to it, etc. Hopefully that will help integrate it into whatever structure you come up with. Actually I am not sure if the classical authors should be before or after Jordanes and the other origo writers. Readers need to consider them together in a sense?)--] (]) 14:00, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::::''Actually'' you will only find things neatly labelled as Goths in Latin and Greek literature. This article is about a ''historical'' people, i.e. known from the written record. All other types of investigation about them, such as archaeological or linguistic, start from the written record. But you won't find any neatly labelled Gothic DNA in the populations genetic literature. What you have published here in the past was not a neutral summary, but wishful thinking. You were the source. We can however say quite a lot about archaeological ideas concerning the origins of the Goths, but no version of this article or any other on WP has ever done a good job of that. (You've used archaeology sources only to sneak the Jordanes "Berig story" into "Misplaced Pages voice". Ironic! You use archaeologists as a proxy for a bit of Latin literature which is your indirect source for the "Goths are Swedes" myth you are continually trying to reinsert. You argue against citing experts on Jordanes, only because you know they all agree he can't be used this way. Using archaeologists as alternative non-expert sources for Jordanes appears to be the limit of your interest in archaeology.) The archaeology of Gothic origins deserves it's own article (] etc) and I think no one would have a problem with truly ''neutral'' summaries of articles like Stolarek's there.--] (]) 20:20, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
:::Thanks for adding additional primary sources from ], ] and ]. I think the separation of Jordanes from the sections including earlier classical writers is fine. Jordanes deals with information on Gothic origins, while the classical writers write on contemporary affairs. ] (]) 14:18, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::::This article is about Goths. Detailed coverage on Jordanes and ''Getica'' belongs at the articles ] and '']''. This article should rely primarily on experts on Goths, as it currently does. The ] and archaeology of the Goths is indeed covered in detail at other articles. The ] and ] have also received detailed coverage elsewhere. This does not mean that we should purge this article of information about Gothic archaeology, Jordanes or the Visigoths and Ostrogoths. The scope of this article should be determined by the scope of the most relevant and reliable sources on the Goths, such as the works of ], ] and ]. These works provide substantial coverage of archaeological and linguistic evidence, which means that such evidence should also be covered here. ] (]) 20:54, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
::::Yes, but discussions about whether to believe anything in Jordanes revolve around those old authors, and discussions about whether the old authors say anything clearly relevant to the later Goths revolve around Jordanes. I am not saying the two sections need to be mixed though, only that the two sections should be written with an eye to the other. Probably they should be next to each other?--] (]) 14:51, 25 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::::::Apart from the clear decisions from the RFCs, the entire field or fields relevant to Goths all write in such a way that the appearance of Goths in Roman sources in the 3rd century, for the first time under that name, and for the first time north of the Danube, represents the start of (to say the least) a distinct era of Gothic history. It is clearly a very nicely separable topic!? I have already shown how Heather and Wolfram make this point very clearly, and how you have misunderstood and distorted their words. You are flogging a dead horse and over-dramatizing, in order to create talk page confusion again. No one except you is purging anything from any published expert source. What needs to be purged are fringe stories from internet trolls who like to see themselves as living Goths, and desperately want to continue the old Swedish claim over them. There was an RFC and discussion continues. It ''should'' be a normal discussion about where to put what (including genetics, archaeology etc). The fact is that you are continually working against what our fellow editors have said they want, and waiting to reinsert the Goths-are-Swedes story, as you did a few months ago. All your proposals have nothing at all to do with people like Heather, Wolfram or Kazanski, as I have shown many times now. For another example ''you'' continue to "purge" and de-emphasize all mention of the Vienna school's ideas about an elite migration which are accepted by all three of them. You only use cherry-picked words from those writers in ways to change their meanings, in order to give the old story of how Goths are Swedes, which is adapted from Jordanes, and would not exist without Jordanes. It is you that wants the troll-adapted Jordanes to quietly dominate this article: You want your modern troll-adapted version of the Jordanes Berig etc story to be the story which Misplaced Pages tells, using the names of modern scholars to hide the real sources. That is also the only way in which you have used archaeological and DNA sources, which you seem to have no interest in, or understanding of, outside of this use - just as you have no interest in the actual scholarly literature about Jordanes. Please stop it and be a bit more practical? --] (]) 09:19, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::*{{talkquote|"'''Goths are first mentioned occupying territory in what is now Poland in the first century AD'''... The history of people labelled "Goths" thus spans 700 years... he ].... took shape in the middle of the first century AD... in Pomerania and lands either side of the lower Vistula... his is the broad area where our few literary sources place a group called Goths at this time... Tacitus Germania 43-4 places them not quite on the Baltic coast; Ptolemy Geography 3.5.8 locates them east of the Vistula; Strabo Geography 7.1.3 (if Butones should be emended to Gutones) broadly agrees with Tacitus... The mutually confirmatory information of ancient sources and the archaeological record both suggest that Goths can first be identified beside the Vistula." – {{cite book |last=Heather |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Heather |year=1998 |title=The Goths |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eCf0Tjg0BukC |publisher=] |pp= |isbn=0-631-209-32-8 }}}}
:::::::::*{{talkquote|"'''The Gothic name appears for the first time between A.D. 16 and 18'''. We do not, however, find the strong form Guti but only the derivative form Gutones... henever the Gutones and Guti are mentioned, these terms refer to the Goths on the Continent before their migration to the Black Sea." – {{cite book |last=Wolfram |first=Herwig |author-link=Herwig Wolfram |translator-last1=Dunlap |translator-first1=Thomas J. |year=1990 |title=History of the Goths |url=https://books.google.com/?id=xsQxcJvaLjAC |publisher=] |pp=20, 23 |isbn=0520069838 }}}}
:::::::::: ] (]) 10:20, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
{{od}} Classic ]. When you are exposed, this is what you do: post large irrelevant quotes, and ''always the same ones'', and always pretending you forget previous discussions about removed bits where you have "{{red|(...)}}". (You are sometimes joining bits that are pages apart or even in different chapters, and you always moving key qualifications. You also pick old books over new ones, questionable wordings from abstracts that disagree with the main bodies, compressed wordings from short dictionary articles instead of highly cited works by the same authors, and so on.) This is disruptive editing Krakkos. There is no other reason for you to be quoting the same large blocks of text over and over and over and over without any reference to previous discussion. '''Most importantly, these quotes are entirely irrelevant to the points made above.''' FWIW:
:Wolfram, same work, p.44 says: {{tq|p.44: the acculturation of the Goths to the Pontic area and their ethnogenesis "at the shores of the Black Sea" are simultaneous and mutually depent processes: In other words, {{red|we should speak of the Goths only after the Gutonic immigrants had become "Scythians" at the Black Sea.}}}}
While none of this is relevant to the comment you were replying to, the cherry picking is stunning.--] (]) 11:04, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
::Apart from a series of personal attacks, your point above was that Wolfram and Heather believe Goths appear "for the first time" in Roman sources in the 3rd century AD. This is a false claim which you have made over and over again. Quoting their most authoritative sources directly helps set the record straight. As long as you continue to misrepresent the views of Wolfram, Heather and others on this talk page, i will continue to quote their works directly, so that the community can make up its own mind on the basis of the actual evidence. ] (]) 11:48, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
:::No Krakkos, that was not my point, and it was not your point (and it is not even the point these scholars make, let alone the rest of the field; these two write about the ''name'' of the Goths but you twist their meaning all the time to write your fringe stuff about a single simple physical group of people). The point is that there was nothing wrong with the RFC decisions, and quotes like these can't be used to show they were wrong decisions, so please stop beating a dead horse. --] (]) 13:25, 1 June 2021 (UTC)


{{collapse top|More notes about DNA from IP editor}}
== A missing topic or topics: how to fit ==
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB39997?fbclid=IwAR1334H3S4xx3NN8V3mFLdBnYJVGSwZs1jgnU4MzIEduN2YyoA08yh7Xb6I This new research paper published 2021 proves without any reasonable doubt that some Goths at least had a DNA structure similar to modern Swedes. Done by the University of Fribourg. But those Scandinavian guys living in Poland might be something else... But according to the poles doing this archaeology project they were considered to be archaeologically Gothic and a majority of Individuals have I1 or R1B haplogroup.


The Pla de l'Horta villa near Girona in Spain is located in close proximity to a necropolis with a series of tombs associated with the Visigoths. The grave goods and the typology of the tombs point to a Visigothic origin of the individuals. A small number of individuals buried at the site were sampled for DNA analysis in a 2019 study. One of the samples belonged to haplogroup I1. This finding is in accordance with the common ancestral origin of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths.
I will keep it simple, just to trigger thinking:
*There is a broader concept in ancient and modern sources of "Gothic peoples" which includes Gepids, and perhaps the Rugii, Heruli, Scirri, Alans etc. We are not mentioning it I think. It is not easy to always draw a clear line between Goths in this sense and Goths in the sense of Tervingi etc (who are also not always called Goths). So I think it needs to be handled somehow.
*There is a major phase in the history of the Goths and Gothic/Scythian peoples where many key bits of those peoples moved west of the Carpathians, near the Danube and Pannonia. The Huns also came and a lot of things happened before and after that included the creation of many minor kingdoms and some not-so-minor ones like the Ostrogoths. As I understand it, this "Danubian complex" became an archaeologically recognizable material culture which was very influential, while in the meantime the old Gothic/Vandal associated cultures west of the Elbe and Carpathians faded out in the meantime? Again a lot of stuff to handle, and maybe not easy. Best to think ahead about it.--] (]) 21:14, 25 February 2020 (UTC)


I read your article but your assumption is wrong your studying an ancient haplogroup but I1 is very new only 3500 years. The Visigothic royalty also had dominant I1 ancestry. According to studies done Spain by archaeologists in Spain.
== why all the wrong publication dates and even edit warring about it? ==
They DNA tested Visigothic nobles graves and they also had a dominant I1 groupings in 2019. <ref>Olalde I, Mallick S, Patterson N, Rohland N, Villalba-Mouco V, Silva M, et al. (March 2019). "The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years". Science. 363 (6432): 1230–1234. Bibcode:2019Sci...363.1230O. doi:10.1126/science.aav4040. PMC 6436108. PMID 30872528.</ref>


https://www.geni.com/projects/I-CTS6364-Y-DNA/36181
{{ping|Krakkos}} please explain why you keep switching publication dates of your favoured sources to newer dates, even after I correct them? . I think my edsum explains the problem, but you mixed your revert in with other edits and did not mention it. Is this by error? But you keep making similar errors? --] (]) 11:23, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:Note that I have not reverted your 2009->2012a revert, so if this is an error, perhaps you will fix it?--] (]) 11:29, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::The version of ''Empires and Barbarians'' by ] which is cited in this article is the 2012 reprint by ]. There is nothing wrong with the publication dates. ] (]) 15:54, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:::A reprint date is not a publication date, and everyone calls this a 2009 book, including the publisher and other authors citing this work. The online versions are also showing 2009, despite you writing a misleading edsum. (Was there even a 2012 reprint?) Please fix it, and please do NOT use reprint dates. There is not good faith way to interpret your insistence on this silliness. Perhaps the biggest on-going debate on this and other articles concerning your editing is that you systematically favour older authors, older theories and older books. Every one of these errors is one where you make one of your favourites look more recent.--] (]) 16:57, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::::The 2012 version is at pages, while the 2010 version is at to pages. They aren't identical. Misplaced Pages should use the most recent version, which is the 2012 version. ] (]) 17:57, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::The version you are calling 2012 says 2009. '''Look at the title page.''' You are getting your information from the google front page which is always full of mistakes. My 2009 version, on my desk has 734 pages, like the so-called 2012 edition according to you. If there was an expanded version the number of pages would not go down, but then again the so called 2010 version on google can not be read, so is clearly not our source. And no we should NOT pick the newest edition, we should give the one we use. And of course also a new printing would not be a new edition anyway. Why are you arguing things like this all the time???? --] (]) 18:06, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::::::{{ping|Krakkos}} will you revert your revert?--] (]) 20:14, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


quote: "Current DNA research indicates that I1 was close to non-existent in most of Europe outside of Scandinavia and northern Germany before the Migration Period."
== Undue genetic conclusions? ==


We currently have, in the opening discussion of "Origins and early history", this simple a decisive conclusion in Misplaced Pages voice:
:Recent genetic studies has lent support to the Scandianvian theory.ref name="Stolarek_2019"/
There are actually two related articles in the bibliography:
* {{cite journal |last1=Stolarek |first1=Ireneuz |author-link1= |date=February 6, 2018 |year= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |others= |title=A mosaic genetic structure of the human population living in the South Baltic region during the Iron Age |script-title= |trans-title= |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20705-6 |access-date=February 20, 2020 |url-access= |format= |department= |journal=] |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher=] |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume=8 |issue=2455 |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi=10.1038/s41598-018-20705-6 |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc=5802798 |pmid=29410482 |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |layurl= |laysource= |laydate= |quote= |postscript= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Stolarek |first1=I. |author-link1= |date=May 1, 2019 |year= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |others= |title=Goth migration induced changes in the matrilineal genetic structure of the central-east European population |script-title= |trans-title= |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43183-w |access-date=February 20, 2020 |url-access= |format= |department= |journal=] |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher=] |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume=9 |issue=6737 |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-43183-w |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc=6494872 |pmid=31043639 |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |layurl= |laysource= |laydate= |quote= |postscript= |ref=harv}}
We always should be careful with individual reports of raw genetic data from small studies, but I note in this case the studies are particularly inconclusive in reality, because they are based on mitochondrial testing. The most solid conclusion seems to be that there was migration, but beyond that these are not very strong. Yet we are using these studies for a VERY DIFFICULT and exact conclusion: distinguishing between Scandinavian and other Germanic places of origins, such as the nearby Jastorf culture. I think this is not justified.--] (]) 12:28, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:These are recent studies, conducted by a team of qualified scholars, and published by ]. The ] of the study states that "the collected results seem to be consistent with the historical narrative that assumed that the Goths originated in southern Scandinavia". It's not ] to mention that in this article. ] (]) 15:48, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::Seeming consistent with something is what even a completely indecisive trial or experiment is. But the wording we have is "lends support". The problem is obvious.--] (]) 16:53, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:::I believe this undue sentence should be removed from where it is now in the opening sections of the article. As you know, a typical solution on how to handle genetic claims, which is a controversial matter on WP, is to have a section near the end of the article which gives a short dry summary of findings so far. In this particular article even that would arguably be undue, but what we currently have is unusually questionable.--] (]) 19:16, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


"The Pla de l'Horta villa near Girona in Spain is located in close proximity to a necropolis with a series of tombs associated with the Visigoths. The grave goods and the typology of the tombs point to a Visigothic origin of the individuals. A small number of individuals buried at the site were sampled for DNA analysis in a 2019 study. One of the samples belonged to haplogroup I1. This finding is in accordance with the common ancestral origin of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths."
== Potentially useful sources? ==
{{reftalk}}
{{collapse bottom}}


I still watch this from a previous bot-invited RFC visit. So I don't have the depth & expertise here that y'all do and so my comments are from just a quick overview. I agree that it should be kept out. It looks like "somebody's research and interpretation of it" rather than something broad and solid enough (with secondary analysis) to be in an encyclopedia article. Various policies point out that type of a problem with this.<b style="color: #0000cc;">''North8000''</b> (]) 13:38, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
Helpful perhaps.--] (]) 13:56, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
:Thanks for the input. The dubious genetic material shared by the IP should certainly be kept out. I'm open to including reliable material that is directly relevant to the Goths, but in such cases it should handled it carefully. In any case, the field of genetics is progressing rapidly, and more solid information will hopefully be available in the future. ] (]) 14:18, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
*{{citation|url=https://www.academia.edu/40560901/The_Gothic_migration_through_Eastern_Poland_archaeological_evidences_In_A._Cie%C5%9Bli%C5%84ski_B._Kontny_red._Interacting_Barbarians._Contacts_Exchange_and_Migrations_in_the_First_Millennium_AD_Neue_Studien_zur_Sachsenforschung_9_Warszawa-Braunschweig_2019_227_239 |chapter= The Gothic migration through Eastern Poland – archaeological evidences|editor-last1=Cieśliński |editor-last2= Kontny |title=Interacting Barbarians. Contacts, Exchange and Migrations in the First Millennium AD |series=Neue Studien zur Sachsenforschung |volume=9 |year= 2019 |pages=227–239|first= Jacek |last=Andrzejowski}}
::Yes, but you are also "forgetting" that the articles you want to reintroduce into this article were put into multiple Misplaced Pages articles, not just this one. (Also, in articles like this one it was reproduced in multiple versions throughout the article, and you did not cooperate with discussions to improve that!) So the only questions which have really been relevant are about the neutrality of the summaries, and (as per the RFCs) the decision to place the main discussions in archaeology articles about the material cultures whose DNA is being discussed. There has been no purge, and no purge is proposed.--] (]) 14:28, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
*{{citation|url=https://www.academia.edu/4115218/The_Przeworsk_Culture._A_Brief_Story_for_the_Foreigners_In_U._Lund_Hansen_and_A._Bitner-Wr%C3%B3blewska_eds._Worlds_Apart_Contacts_across_the_Baltic_Sea_in_the_Iron_Age._Nordiske_Fortidsminder_C_7_K%C3%B8benhavn-Warszawa_2010 |chapter=The Przeworsk Culture. A Brief Story (for the Foreigners)|editor-last1= Lund Hansen |editor-last2=Bitner-Wróblewska |title=Worlds Apart? Contacts across the Baltic Sea in the Iron Age |series= Nordiske Fortidsminder |volume=C/7| year=2010|first= Jacek |last=Andrzejowski}}


== collecting quotes to help future discussion about pre 3rd century "pre" Goths ==
== describe where the Goths lived ==


{{ping|Krakkos}}, seriously? Please give a simple explanation about where you think they lived. I think the place description added matches the rest of the article, which is how leads should work. But what geographical places would you say the Goths lived in? If I add 3 sources to the sentence to get past this, what have you achieved? Making the article ugly? What is your point???--] (]) 17:51, 26 February 2020 (UTC) Even if we come to some clear action plans soon, it seems this topic might come back again, either here or on related articles, and discussions has been anything-but-helped by lumping big quotes into the normal talk page. So I hope this workpage helps: ].--] (]) 13:06, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
:We already have three top-quality sources on the Goths from the '']'', the '']'' and the '']'', written by ] and ]. There is no need to add additional sources to the lead. The lead should not mention theories not mentioned in any ]s on the Goths. The lead is long enough as it already is. ] (]) 18:11, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
::'''So your tagging was dishonest and you now explain it a different way.''' Nothing new there, and of course this explanation is still not honest but as usual just veering off into the surreal. I will remove your dishonest tag.
::Concerning the length of the lead etc please feel free of course to explain here honestly what you are talking about, but to me it is obvious that the opening of the article needs to connect a topic to reality for the reader. My edsum when adding these two simple sentences was: ''important to open with something which connects to well-known things, and distinguishes from other similar topics - where they lived in modern terms is a common method'' . Logical? Not? In other words the opening needs a bare minimum of something like this. If you did not agree, you should have explained honestly and given your reasoning instead of being dishonest. If length is a real concern, which I doubt, there is a lot of less important stuff in the lead. I predict you will however not engage in constructive discussion, as usual. After seeing the way you do this over and over, I don't even think lead length is a concern to you.
::Concerning the RS status of the two tertiary sources you name, please name any expert source that cites them as a trusted authority. I believe it is evident that they are NOT "top quality" sources, but I also don't see how this connects to your dishonest cn tag. What is the connection? --] (]) 18:24, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


:I've gone ahead and started a new article: ]. There seems to be a clear enough agreement that any attempt to expand discussions of this topic ''needs to be done somewhere else'', and I believe our explanations of the topic need expansion somewhere on Misplaced Pages if they are to be clear and accurate. Highly compressed versions are constantly going to be controversial distractions. From my work on this new article so far, a single independent article does seem possible. (I am open to other ideas about merging it to other Goth-related articles. Other relevant articles are ], ], ], and ] but I think the overlap is OK at this point.) I really hope this helps us in the future. I truly believe it ''can''.--] (]) 10:45, 29 June 2021 (UTC)
== Poor sources for potential deletion ==


== New section on warfare ==
I will start a list. If anyone sees a good reason to keep any of these, please explain it. For now I will not list all the basic-summary style tertiary sources yet, as some of these would be ok for non-controversial use, but clearly they also require discussion as they are being used in the wrong way.--] (]) 18:37, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
* {{cite web |url=https://www.livescience.com/45948-ancient-goths.html |url-access= |title=Who Were the Ancient Goths? |last1=Jarus |first1=Owen |author-link1= |date=March 18, 2016 |orig-year= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor1= |editor-link1= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editors= |department= |website=] |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans-title= |type= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn= |jstor= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |access-date=September 17, 2019 |via= |quote= |ref=harv |subscription= |registration=}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.ancient.eu/Goths/ |url-access= |title=The Goths |last1=Mark |first1=Joshua J. |author-link1= |date=October 12, 2014 |orig-year= |editor-last1= |editor-first1= |editor1= |editor-link1= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editors= |department= |website=] |series= |publisher= |agency= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans-title= |type= |format= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn= |jstor= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |access-date=September 17, 2019 |via= |quote= |ref=harv |subscription= |registration=}}
Concerning the tertiary sources, there were already discussions at ] including - at least for the '''Britannica''' ones, demonstrating that most are old, and all written with no discussion of controversies etc, making them unsuitable for use on WP for any topic where there are several respected view points. There are now many '''Oxford''' tertiary work articles being cited. {{ping|Krakkos}} has Misplaced Pages library access to Oxford publications, so the question is whether more of us should also apply for that access so we can work. But Krakkos can perhaps confirm some points first:
*From the citations being made, it appears that these Oxford articles do not mention controversies or alternative positions, or present the results of latest research. They just summarize the position of whoever writes them. Correct?
*If this is not correct, then the question arises as to why they are constantly being used on this article to imply that there is only one mainstream opinion.
*As already raised, it also seems that experts in the field never cite these articles as trusted authorities, but instead cite monograph works that have the explanations of debatable points etc.
In other words, at first sight these tertiary works just aren't suitable for Misplaced Pages use on any topic which potentially requires the handling of different viewpoints. Or else something strange is happening. I am asking for any explanation that might show otherwise, so we can move forward on a more rational basis. Is there something I misunderstand about these articles in "dictionaries"?--] (]) 20:44, 26 February 2020 (UTC)


{{u|Joe Flats 123}}, I think all or most of the material you've added is not specifically about Goths but about what we modern people call "Germanic peoples"? Ancient authors did provide distinct descriptions of the Goths, but I think you are using descriptions of ''other'' Germanic peoples? Roman authors repeatedly insisted that the Goths were a Scythian people in terms of their customs etc. For example, a major part of the new material is a block of text from Mauricius about the "Fair haired peoples" such as Franks and Lombards. These are western European groups who the Romans did not associate with the Goths. The Strategikon has a different section for discussion about Scythian peoples, and in Book IV this work makes clear that Goths, as in other works, are Scythian. Are you not using the wrong section of the Strategikon? To give an example of a difference, while the fair haired peoples can easily be drawn out of formation by simulated retreats, the Goths are experts in performing such simulated retreats. And rather than being happy to dismount, like the fair-haired peoples, this work claims that because they grow up on horseback, the Scythians are not happy walking around on foot. If on the other hand we say this is not explicitly enough about Goths, that's fine, but we can't use descriptions of western europeans as a stand-in, surely?--] (]) 16:12, 30 June 2022 (UTC)
== A comment on the edit war ==


{{u|Andrew Lancaster}} I think you are right for the Strategikon section, i will delete that. However, i know that the paragraph or two before that talks about weapons and armour explicitly for the Goths, so i wont delete that. :)
The lead as of this edit ] (20:26, 26 February 2020‎ Andrew Lancaster) is good, with one exception: the controversy over the Scandinavian origin is relegated entirely to suspicions cast on the reliability of Jordanes. The casual reader will assume that no other, more modern evidence bears on this. The other obvious comment to make is that beyond the lead the article fragments badly into warring references (a natural result of the warring). The main competing scenarios should be clearly stated, with the evidence for and against each added under each one. -- ] (]) 22:01, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
--]
:The above-mentioned is issues with the lead are a result of a misrepresentation of the source which is used.
:The relevant paragraph on Jordanes in the lead says this:
:{{talkquote|"As speakers of a Germanic language, it is believed that at least a dominant class of Goths migrated from the direction of modern Poland, where such languages are believed to have been spoken at this time. They are generally believed to have been documented much earlier by Roman writers in the 1st century AD as living near the lower Vistula, where they are associated with the Wielbark culture. In his book Getica, the Gothic historian Jordanes claimed that the Goths originated in southern Scandinavia more than 1000 years earlier, but his reliability is disputed."}}
:What the source used for the above-mentioned text says is this:
:{{talkquote|"Goths, a Germanic people, who, according to Jordanes' Getica, originated in Scandinavia. The Cernjachov culture of the later 3rd and 4th cents. ad beside the Black Sea, and the Polish and Byelorussian Wielbark cultures of the 1st–3rd. cents. ad, provide evidence of a Gothic migration down the Vistula to the Black Sea, but no clear trail leads to Scandinavia." {{cite book |last1=Heather |first1=Peter |author-link1=Peter Heather |date=2012b |year= |orig-year= |chapter=Goths |chapter-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001/acref-9780199545568-e-2873? |editor1-last=Hornblower |editor1-first=Simon |editor1-link=Simon Hornblower |editor2-last=Spawforth |editor2-first=Antony |editor2-link= |editor3-last=Eidinow |editor3-first=Esther |editor3-link=Esther Eidinow |title=] |trans-title= |url= |url-status= |format= |type= |series= |language= |volume= |issue= |edition=4 |location= |publisher=] |page=623 |pages= |isbn=9780191735257 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=January 25, 2020 |via= |subscription= |quote= |ref=harv}}}}
:There are additional issues with ] in the lead, which should be fixed. ] (]) 07:48, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:::{{re|Krakkos}} your reply just raises the question once again of why you insist on using that specific tertiary source and no other sources, except for ones by the same author or people who agree with him. Of course this can never lead to a good stable article. Why do you keep ignoring this concern that I have raised over and over? See the various discussions above. Of course if you keep insisting on such sources then you can say that my edits do not match the "best sources". On my side I have explained other sources above, and tried to give you a chance to edit appropriately. You need to write in a way which reflects the field more broadly.--] (]) 08:00, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
::::To be clear, see the Steinacher and Andersson citations above which are far stronger sources and should be helpful. These are recently published specialist works, that get cited by other specialists, and which explain the diversity of the other literature. --] (]) 08:06, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:::::Partially relevant ]-language sources by ] and ] are not "far stronger sources" than directly relevant ] sources by the world's foremost expert on the subject (]). ] (]) 09:32, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:{{ec}} {{re|Elphion}} I certainly agree with the principle, but which other evidence is there for a Scandinavian origin, which is not somehow derived from Jordanes? Do you have any sources in mind, or wording proposals? Perhaps the closest I can think of in recent times would be something like the Andersson citation I have mentioned above, but I am not sure if this can be called fully independent of Jordanes. I suppose in that case the evidence is some name similarities (Gaut, Gotones, Goth) and this might be what you are referring to. But:
:*If you search for other evidence to show how Jordanes might be right, then is that really an argument that is independent from Jordanes?
:*In the case of Andersson and other expert authors in recent decades they normally are NOT really arguing that "the Goths" migrated en masse from Poland or Scandinavia, but only that there was an elite group who carried a tradition around. (The so-called Traditionskern approach.) Also see the Steinacher quote I explained above where he suggests the similar sounding names had a prestige value.
:*In practice, how do we fit this in a lead. Should be possible if it is needed, but there should be consideration of which bits to put in the lead, and which down into the body.
:(Keep in mind by the way, that I am trying to mainly write ideas up here on the talk page, given the on-going practical issues this article is having. So even if I made an edit to a sentence, it does not mean that is how I would have written it.)--] (]) 07:54, 27 February 2020 (UTC)


== another re-appearance of the DNA section ==
== Footnote concern ==


@] I don't know who reintroduced the genetics section, but you have reintroduced strong claims into another section, about the name of the Goths, indicating that DNA proves the "Goths" to be from Scandinavia. There is no such evidence, and this has been discussed and agreed here several times in the past. Of course there could be new evidence one day, but I don't see it?
{{ping|Krakkos}} Concerning footnotes, there have been similar discussions already on other articles especially ] where your footnoting evolved to the point of having 14 footnotes per sentence, but apparently they need to be discussed anew on every article and you don't accept what others say? See just for example my edsum , and the revert . Some basic normal aims:
*The Genomic Atlas website you are now citing as a new source does not appear to be a reliable source according to Misplaced Pages norms. If necessary please take it to ] and ask for someone else's opinion.
*The number of footnotes should be kept to a minimum.
*The Stolarek et al. article from 2023 only mentions the Goths once: "Some theories link the emergence of the Wielbark culture with the migration of people commonly referred to as Goths". (There is a lot more that could be said about the problems of using a research report like this, with vague conclusions.)
*As much as possible, footnotes should be at the ends of paragraphs, or ends of sentences. Footnotes in the middle of a sentence should be avoided if possible.
*The Antonio et al. article of 2023 does not mention Gothic DNA, or the Wielbark culture.
*Things which are uncontroversial, or which have already been sourced in the article, do not need to be sourced over and over, in every section and every paragraph and every sentence, or even several times per sentence. (For example, that the Goths spoke a Germanic language.)
On this basis I believe the genetics section, and also this misplaced genetics digression in the name section, should be removed or stripped down quite a lot. At the moment this is basically ]. (I also don't see why all these things need to be repeated in a section which is supposed to be about the name of the Goths?) ] (]) 21:21, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
*In most cases, it is not necessary to give many sources for one assertion. When this is needed, it implies there is a dispute, so best practice is to discuss with other editors how to avoid it. I don't think that is your concern though, because your uncompromising source choice (Peter Heather dictionary articles, almost always) is not exactly aimed at consensus or agreement, and easily could be improved without controversy.
::Concur entirely with {{u|Andrew Lancaster}} about this matter. This topic has been repeatedly argued on pages related to the ancient Germanic peoples in general and this page especially. There is overwhelming consensus about the speciousness of these sorts of claims.
*In most cases, it is not necessary to give long quotations to back up an exact wording. (This is only needed in cases where the interpretation of the original source might not be obvious.)
:::As an update {{u|Isacdaavid}} you posted on RSN (thank you) and received two very clear negative responses concerning the new source. I think we are going is that the DNA claims need trimming or deleting. If anyone has other evidence, or good proposals on ways of trimming it, now would be a good moment to get involved in this discussion.--] (]) 17:38, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
Instead what we are seeing is the same things being sourced over and over, using the same sources or sources all by one author. Also the quotations being inserted are not needed and are generally including many extra words not relevant to what needs sources. (Even if they are generally relevant to the article or talk page in some way.) I also note non-obvious SYNTH cases like this (from the case mentioned above) which are not even needed:
:::I agree with deletion or trimming. And I know it's a new and fast paced field, but there is no exception to the requirement that we use secondary and not primary sources to write encyclopaedic articles. ] (]) 17:51, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
*Sentence to be sourced: They are today sometimes referred to as being ''Germani''.
*Sentence being quoted: "Militarized freedmen among the Germani appear in sixth- and seventh-century Visigothic and Frankish law codes."
All of the above is based on the normal MOS etc guidelines. {{ping|Krakkos}} why do you fight so hard against these norms, and why do you seem to want uncontroversial sentences to be overloaded like this? To me, looking at the extra words you keep in including, it seems the footnotes are kind of like a message to other editors about something?--] (]) 08:28, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:Some more examples of quesitonable footnotes recently done:
:*Sentence to be sourced: Roman historians write that the Gutones were in close contact with the ] and ], and that they were at times in conflict with the ].
:*Irrelevant extra quote added: A people of ] called the Gutae, possibly identical to the later ], are also mentioned, and it's possible that this people had close relations or even shared origins with the Gutones.
:And over-sourcing :
:*Half sentence to be sourced: The Goths were ],
:*Footnotes: <ref name="Heather_2007">{{harvnb|Heather|2007|p=467}}. "Goths – Germanic-speaking group first encountered in northern Poland in the first century AD."</ref>
*Second half-sentence: and are classified as a ] people by modern scholars.
:*Footnotes: <ref name="Heather_OXLA">{{harvnb|Heather|2018|p=623}}. "Goths. A Germanic *tribe whose name means ‘the people’, first attested immediately south of the Baltic Sea in the first two centuries."</ref><ref name="Heather_OCD">{{harvnb|Heather|2012b|p=623}}. "Goths, a Germanic people, who, according to Jordanes' Getica, originated in Scandinavia. The Cernjachov culture of the later 3rd and 4th cents. ad beside the Black Sea, and the Polish and Byelorussian Wielbark cultures of the 1st–3rd. cents. ad, provide evidence of a Gothic migration down the Vistula to the Black Sea, but no clear trail leads to Scandinavia."</ref><ref name="Pritsak_ODB">{{harvnb|Pritsak|2005}}. Goths... a Germanic people..."</ref><ref name="Thompson_EB">{{harvnb|Thompson|1973|p=609}}. "Goths, a Germanic people described by Roman authors of the 1st century a.d. as living in the neighbourhood of the mouth of the Vistula river."</ref>{{sfn|Pohl|2004|p=24}}
Note that these two facts, the language and categorization, were already sourced in the lead. Look for example at the multiple uses of these footnotes all pointing to the same page, and yet cited together, over and over, sentence after sentence, already several times in the lead:
*<ref name="Heather_OCD">{{harvnb|Heather|2012b|p=623}}
*<ref name="Heather_OXLA">{{harvnb|Heather|2018|p=623}}
*{{sfn|Heather|2018|p=673}}
{{talkref}}
Can anyone give a justification for the ''insistence'' upon such things? (These are apparently not just random mistakes, because they are insisted upon and the same thing happens over and over and will be added to as in other articles.)--] (]) 09:18, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:*'''Reply by Krakkos''' Per ], it is useful to add quotes to sources when sources are "not easily accessible" or when one wants to "indicate precisely which information the source is supporting". ] further states that "When there is dispute about whether a piece of text is fully supported by a given source, direct quotes and other relevant details from the source should be provided". The sources quoted from are not all easily accessible, their claims have been contested, and your misrepresentation of these sources, as illustrated ], makes quoting them necessary. Your stacking of additional unnecessary sources to an already heavily cited sentence reveals that ] is none of your concern. Your real concern is that this article contains sources contradicting your views. ] (]) 09:22, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
:::Which claims have been disputed? And given how easy it would be to use an accessible source, why insist on using the Oxford sources which you happened to have access to via Misplaced Pages Library? Two simple answers requested.--] (]) 09:32, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
::::BTW The example you give of my "stacking unnecessary sources" is a wonderful example of the shamelessly misleading way in which you write on talk pages. I hope everyone clicks on the example to see my adding of ONE reference by a person who is not named Peter Heather, and my clear explanation of why I understand it was ''needed'' to source ''our wording''! Of course if you think it was not needed, then you could have explained this to me before, BTW.--] (]) 09:39, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
::{{ec}} Here is an example which seems intended to be misleading, added yesterday :
::*Sentence to be sourced: The earliest possible mentions of the Goths are Roman sources of the 1st century AD, who refer to a people called the "Gutones" living along the lower Vistula.
::*<<harvnb|Christensen|2002|pp=32-33, 38-39>>. "During the first century and a half AD, four authors mention a people also normally identified with 'the Goths'. They seem to appear for the first time in the writings of the geographer Strabo... It is normally assumed that are identical with the Goths... It has been taken for granted that these Gotones were identical to the Goths... Finally, around 150, Klaudios Ptolemaios (or Ptolemy) writes of certain who are also normally identified with the 'the Goths'... Ptolemy lists the , also identified by Gothic scholars with the Goths..."</>
::Christensen, despite the number of words pasted in, is actually arguing ''against'' this identification in the past. (It was published in 2002.) While recent works tend to cite Christensen as an important work bringing this identification into doubt, we are apparently using him in the opposite way. When we later mention doubts, we do not cite Christensen, but a very poor source (Mark) and the wording is very vague. Will anyone justify this one?--] (]) 09:30, 27 February 2020 (UTC)

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There is a special page where scholarly quotes about the pre-3rd-century origins of the Goths have been collected, in order to avoid large blocks of quotations being pasted repeatedly and disruptively into this talk-page. Please, instead of pasting large repetitive blocks of text, try to link to the quotes page, or to previous versions of the same discussions in the archives etc.



RFC to move ahead on previous Intro and Origins proposals

The following discussion is an archived record of a request for comment. Please do not modify it. No further edits should be made to this discussion. A summary of the conclusions reached follows.
There is limited participation and most of the discussion below is about what process is appropriate for revising the article and not the revised draft itself. There has been no further participation for well over a week and a close is requested. The only reasonable reading of this discussion is that the proposed draft did not gain a consensus in favor of implementation. (non-admin closure) Eggishorn (talk) (contrib) 18:40, 14 July 2021 (UTC)

NOTE ADDED 5 June 2021: Please do not close this RFC. It is on-going.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 08:00, 5 June 2021 (UTC)

ADDED 7 July 2021. I just note that I think the idea here, based on previous discussions, is to keep this discussion alive for a long period and not rush the final decision. Not sure how others see it or how long this should go.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 10:19, 7 July 2021 (UTC)


Based on previous RFCs and discussions, may we now move ahead with the new Intro proposal of Krakkos (4th column here, discussion here), and the new Origins section drafted by me (2nd column here) which would replace the current 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3? --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 06:43, 6 May 2021 (UTC)

Pinging. Berig, Nishidani, Obenritter, Peter K Burian, Bloodofox, Ermenrich, Srnec, Carlstak, Mnemosientje, SMcCandlish, Yngvadottir, Alcaios, Pfold, North8000, Sea Ane feedback please.


Concerning the proposed change to the Intro, i think we should get some feedback before we move ahead. Krakkos (talk) 08:39, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
I have now requested the closure of three ongoing RfCs above which cover similar questions as this one. Krakkos (talk) 09:06, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
OK, I guess that makes sense, formally at least. No rush, so no harm getting the details right. Thanks Krakkos. OTOH, do you have any concern about this RFC as such? I didn't see any problem at least starting to ask people to look at the two proposals?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 14:48, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
Asking people to look at proposals is alright. On the other hand, posting the same proposal in mulitple RfCs and sections leads to confusion and makes it harder to work out sensible solutions. Interconnected RfCs should be handled in a reasonable order one step at the time. Making a new RfC with a request to "move ahead" with a counter proposal to a proposal being discussed in a ongoing RfC is problematic. Regarding your counter proposal for the Origins section, i am concerned about its removal of many quality sources, its undue emphasis on the views of historians at the expense of philologists/linguists and archaeologists, and its lack of a coherent structure. Krakkos (talk) 17:56, 6 May 2021 (UTC)
I posted one proposal in one RFC. This links the decisions about moving forward in two early parts of the article, and I think this is correct because these have clearly been linked discussions, also for other editors. (The shortening of the lead is also connected to the reduction of emphasis on "pre Goths".) There were no other open RFCs or running discussions. If you try to (re)open a second RFC that could then be problematic in the way you describe. The old RFC which led to my new Origins section proposal was clearly already useless as an RFC a month before it was terminated because it was no longer about one clear proposal. Many had been discussed and rejected. Mine is best considered a new one.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 18:43, 6 May 2021 (UTC)

@Andrew Lancaster: Talk:Goths#RfC on proposal to simplify the Prehistory, Early history and Movement towards the Black Sea sections and merge them into a single Origins and early history section has now been closed with the conclusion that there is a consensus to trim the early history sections and use this proposal as a basis for trimming and further refinement. Are you alright with moving ahead with this previous proposal? Krakkos (talk) 09:10, 9 May 2021 (UTC)

Apart from the new intro, drafted by you, the other part of this RFC is my draft of a shortened and united "Origins" section, to move ahead on a basis as described in that closure. During that previous RFC you proposed other ideas which all failed to create a concensus, so my draft is now the next one needing feedback. (We did not really need the closure because it was obvious what was agreed.) To quote the rest of the closure "There is a rough consensus to use the proposed text as a basis for further refinement. Whether the participants in this discussion believe such refinement should take place in a sandbox, in the article directly, or on this talk page is not clearly established below but can be determined through the normal editing process." --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 18:18, 9 May 2021 (UTC)
There was a rough consensus in the previous RfC to use my proposal as a basis for further refinement. Would you object to moving ahead with that? Krakkos (talk) 08:24, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
I think my proposal is clear, and is the basis of this RFC. This draft evolves from that same previous RFC as all your drafts, and that's how I suggest we go ahead. Other editors can say if they prefer your draft, or a mix of the two, or neither. But I suggest we leave these two drafts unchanged for a while now, and try to allow other editors to absorb them and comment. --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 12:42, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
  • Not an improvement. This "Origins proposal" ignores key conclusions from previous RfCs and is less informative and balanced than the current version. The proposal may be appreciated due to its shortness, but content quality is of greater value than content shortness. Previous RfCs have reached consensus that this article should put less emphasis on dubious origin stories and more emphasis on archaeological, linguistic and contemporaneous historical evidence. Despite of this, the proposal maintains discussion on such origin stories while removing all references from linguists (Brink, Rübekeil, Andersson, Strid etc.), virtually all references to archaeologists (Kazanski, Kokowski etc.), and a large amount of essential references on contemporaneous historical evidence. Various sub-par sources are in turn introduced to support the minority viewpoint that "there is no Gothic history before the third century", while top-notch sources supporting the majority viewpoint are removed, ignored and/or misrepresented. It may also be noted that the proposal lacks a coherent structure, in contrast to the current version, which is at least chronologically structured. The History section of this article can certainly be improved and trimmed. Removing essential content and rewriting it in an incoherent manner in support of a minority viewpoint will put it on a weaker basis for such improvement. Krakkos (talk) 16:01, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
Krakkos we've looked at the sources in previous discussions and you are misrepresenting them. That Gothic history starts in the third century is mainstream for historians, and history is the speciality of historians. Secondly, you are ignoring the fact that your draft proposal contains no discussion about some critical topics such as the mainstream idea that a small elite probably carried gothic/gothonic traditions between various places. So my draft actually ADDS critical information, which you've been hiding from our readers. Your draft is instead based on treating Jordanes as a fact, and there was a strong concensus that this article needs to get away from that. Thirdly, archaeologists are cited so much by you ONLY to defend your complete dependence upon Jordanes, but they are NOT Jordanes experts. I am all for Misplaced Pages having a better coverage of the archaeological discussions - but the main discussions should not be in this article.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 09:43, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
This article is about Goths rather than Jordanes. We should therefore be citing Goths experts rather than Jordanes experts. Your proposal increases the weight given to Jordanes and Jordanes experts, and that is opposite of the clear consensus established in previous RfCs. The chief mainstream historians on Goths are Heather and Wolfram, but your proposal minimizes and misrepresents their views in order to push minority viewpoints as a matter of fact. That archaeological and linguistic evidence is of relevance to Gothic origins and early history is agreed upon both by mainstream scholars and by prior talk page consensus. Such evidence should be cited to archaeologists and linguists who are Goths experts, rather than Jordanes experts. That certain archaeological and linguistic evidence corroborates parts of Jordanes is not a valid argument for removing such evidence. Likewise, the addition of material about "gothic/gothonic traditions" does not necessate the misrepresentation of Heather and Wolfram and the complete removal of citations from archaeologists and linguists. Such misreprentation and removal of essential sources from experts on Goths reduces the quality of the article and puts it on a weaker basis for future improvement. Krakkos (talk) 11:31, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
Other editors should compare my draft to yours and the current version in order to confirm the facts. My drafting page (and indeed the archives of this talk page also contain extensive evidence concerning what the sources say.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:53, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
Just for completeness, I forgot to link to my older comments on the draft which I understand to still be your latest draft for a shorter pre-history section: . A major concern is cherry-picking of sources in order to promote the Jordanes story, while hiding what experts in the various fields really believe and write.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 07:51, 30 May 2021 (UTC)
  • No, I see no reason to remove studies on archaeology, lingistics, and genetics surrounding the origin of the Goths, and especially since the origin of the Goths is a very notable and still controversial topic.--Berig (talk) 16:58, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
Berig perhaps there is a misunderstanding. The previous RFCs made it clear that there was a consensus not to remove such information from Misplaced Pages, but to focus upon it more in other articles. There are already many articles related to this article, concerning linguistic, archaeological etc topics. None of these topics can be done justice here. This article focuses on the topic "Goths" as that term is used in sources. The various disputed proposals about "pre Goths" should be mentioned and linked to, but there has been a strong consensus expressed about concerns that these disputes continually take over this article and talk page. There was also a strong theme of the need to stop making Misplaced Pages treat Jordanes as the main source for all of this. I would add that we really must make it more clear that mainstream scholars these days make use of the Vienna school's concept of a small elite who carry traditions with them, not requiring a large movement of people. In my draft this is added, whereas previously it has been hidden from our readers. How can we justify this?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 09:43, 11 May 2021 (UTC)
  • Pinging as reminder. The previous RFCs decided that the 3 controversial sections about possible Gothic origins before the 3rd century should be shortened, because the main discussion is for other articles. This is the current proposal, which actually covers reliably sourced topics currently excluded from our current article, despite being significantly shorter and simpler: (4th column). Nishidani, Obenritter, Peter K Burian, Bloodofox, Ermenrich, Srnec, Carlstak, Mnemosientje, SMcCandlish, Yngvadottir, Alcaios, Pfold, North8000, Sea Ane. So far: (1) Krakkos has also linked above to his older proposal, and I linked to my analysis of that draft showing the problems. If I understand correctly Krakkos would however prefer that the previous RFCs never get acted upon. (2) Berig also prefers that the previous RFCs never get acted upon. (3) No one else who participated in the previous RFCs has commented on the present proposal.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 08:43, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
The key conclusions of the previous RfCs were to increase emphasis on archaeological, linguistic evidence, contemporaneous historical accounts and secondary sources, and to shorten existing material. Attempts to act on these RfCs have been proposed and supported by the wider community, but you have opposed these efforts. Your proposal constitutes a complete rewrite of key sections of this article, in which top sources are replaced with sub-par ones, and essential information on archaeological, historical and linguistic evidence is entirely removed. This is the opposite of the conclusions of the RfCs, and constitutes a significant reduction of article quality. For more than a year you have made essentially the same proposal here multiple times (Talk:Goths/Archive 6#Should the Origins 3.1 and Migration 3.2 sections be move out of History?, Talk:Goths/Archive 8#RFC about the Name section etc.). Making the same proposals over and over again and pinging users endlessly until one gets the desired result is not a good approach. Krakkos (talk) 10:05, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
LOL. This RFC is my first proposal and it was made slowly, based on the RFCs and aiming to match the diverse comments of other editors, after very thoroughly reassessing the sources. It includes additional information and sources compared to your current controversial Jordanes-based version. There is at this stage no evidence at all that there is any opposition to my proposal apart from you and Berig. But that is not surprising because you are both clearly opposed to the decisions and opinions in the previous RFCs and want the opening of this article to continue to be tacitly Jordanes-based, in order to spread the word that Goths are Swedes (and DNA will prove Jordanes right one day, etc, etc). None of your proposals show any interest in archaeology, let alone linguistics or DNA. Editors should read my actual draft. Your previously rejected draft is still clearly linked to as well, and people can still say if they prefer it, or see bits they like better. BTW on my drafting page I have also shown extra sources that can be added to my version, but many editors may find my draft over-footnoted. I do not believe your approach to sourcing always matches our community norms, but I've tried to follow you part of the way due to the inevitability of the outrage which will be expressed if the footnotes are fewer or less long. There is also a table showing the problems which your draft has, including source distortion. Anyway, I have no problem with my draft being rejected after a proper discussed, but what is more important it to make sure the drafting discussion and feedback leads to clarification of what changes are needed. Please do not disrupt this discussion with misleading red herring remarks.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 14:36, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
You made false remarks about me (and Berig) and then pinged a whole bunch of editors. Of course i have to respond to such red herrings which disrupt the discussion. This article should be based on the research on Goths by the foremost experts, including archaeolgists, historians and philologists. Your proposal involves the removal of the sources from these experts and their replacement with weaker ones which support the fringe viewpoint. Such removal is essentially what you have been proposing repeatedly for more than a year, using a supposed need for "simplicity" as justification. Krakkos (talk) 16:00, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
That is not a valid excuse. However, I'll agree with one thing:- The "Goths are Swedes" theory, which only comes from Jordanes, and features Berig, and which you have made the central theme of this article while pretending it is from modern archaeologists, is indeed a long term controversy among most editors of this article, and has indeed been raised before by me and others in different contexts before. You are right about that. But I repeat that this draft is a first attempt to make a quite carefully sourced compromise based on a wide range of editing opinions and a careful reassessment of the sources. Please let discussion go ahead?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 16:37, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
  • Support With the caveat that my knowledge and depth on this is insufficient for a thorough confident answer. North8000 (talk) 13:38, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
Your feedback is precious. Are there any bits you throught particularly strong or weak?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 14:39, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
  • I was on the losing side of both RFCs. I do not share the community's view of how to make this article better or even of what is wrong with it. Therefore, I have no opinion on the implementation of the RFCs. Srnec (talk) 00:33, 3 June 2021 (UTC)
@Srnec: I do not think the RFCs above are clear enough about details to say your position "lost", and I also can't believe that you would say the differences between the two proposals currently being made have no connection to the points you made. My draft was made after your rejection of the one made by Krakkos. I also looked at the way other editors all referenced your opinions (e.g. CarlstakSMcCandlish). Could you double check what I am proposing? I suppose BTW you are referring to your two comments here: . Honestly I counted your opinions as having received a lot of support and I have tried to work to reduce "obsessive focus on origins", and the use of selected snippets about topics which can only be properly handled in dedicated article or articles.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 06:44, 3 June 2021 (UTC)

Adding a note and also responding to Andrew's question, the caveat in my post is because I have not taken the deep dive needed to thoroughly learn the article, proposed changes and situation well enough to give full-fledged opinions. If y'all think that extra input is needed, I'd be happy to do that. Sincerely, North8000 (talk) 16:06, 3 June 2021 (UTC)

Personally I think the more detailed feedback that can be given the better. Having a draft rejected is no problem but a more important aim is gathering feedback and new perspectives.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 19:51, 3 June 2021 (UTC)

OK, I took a deeper dive. My first more detailed comment is on the half of the RFC dealing with the lead. I think that the specific question is substitution of the linked "column 4" for the current lead. IMO this would be a good move, with the understanding that this doesn't "lock in" the whole thing but leaves it open to tweaks. The lead should be a summary of the article. In comparison. the current lead is more of a blizzard of factoids that is hard to absorb and the column 4 looks like a easier-to-read summary. Since the lead should be a summary of the article, there should not be anything in the lead that is not in the article so removal of the old lead should not result in any loss of material. But you might want to double check that or possibly you did already. Sincerely, North8000 (talk) 21:15, 3 June 2021 (UTC)

I would agree with that step forward. Krakkos made it, and so presumably would not be opposed to that step either.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
First, Srnec is a well-respected editor whose edits I've seen on many articles concerning historical topics on my watchlist. I can't remember that I've ever disagreed with an edit that he made, but if I did, I know that he would have a well-reasoned explanation of his thinking. I don't have time now to delve into this, but I know that Srnec's thoughts always deserve consideration—he is knowledgeable and expresses himself quite well.
One day years in the future some Wikipedian will do a forensic analysis of the voluminous discussion on this talk page and its continuing stasis. That person will be amazed and perhaps lose his or her sanity from contemplating all the ever-increasing gigabytes of argument. May he or she rest in peace—that's what I'm going to do.;-) Carlstak (talk) 02:04, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
@Carlstak: I propose that in order to avoid problems with the undead, ignore the whole history of the talk page and just read the short and simple draft? Any kind of feedback might help. The proposal does not require a re-reading of every debate because this simple single change is easy and uncontroversial to summarize: a big reduction of everything concerning speculations about the origins of the Goths before the third century (as Srnec requested). The people who don't like it agree that this is what is doing.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
I'm glad you have a sense of humor, Andrew. Please understand that I'm a bit zombified myself these days—I'm not quite running on all cylinders and just don't have much spare time. I read your shorter draft, compared it to the other, and find the short version to be much better—it's concise and less confusing, although I thought we had consensus that excessive footnoting with quotes from the referenced authors was not desirable. Carlstak (talk) 03:40, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
@Carlstak: It's a good point about having a sense of humour. Helps a lot with this article, and I don't think it is just you but maybe even our whole community which is getting a bit tired of some types of work (and yes we are all getting older, and apparently we are not doing well recruiting young people). Just on the footnotes, as far as I am concerning all the direct quotes can be removed (or reduced), but realistically I kept them in for discussion of the draft because we have a long history on this article (like Germanic peoples) of a specific argument that reduction of this is un-sourced, or even "removing quality sources". How do we stop the bots from removing the RFC template while discussion is on-going?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 07:57, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
 Done As you can see, I've added the "RFCBot Ignore Expired" tag to the page. Carlstak (talk) 15:37, 5 June 2021 (UTC)
  • Resolve the earlier-opened RfC first, then, yes, let's get on with it ("it" being some combination of what's been proposed so far and whatever comes out of that other RfC). I think this is a good summary of the current consensus, based on past RfCs not counting that still-open one: "The previous RFCs decided that the 3 controversial sections about possible Gothic origins before the 3rd century should be shortened, because other articles."  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  11:32, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
    @SMcCandlish: which RFC do you say is open? Which question is unanswered? Please clarify. I am glad you agree with my summary, but don't quite follow.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:43, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
    I was responding to "Changes to the initial parts of the Goths#History (Origins) section are currently being discussed at an earlier RfC found at Talk:Goths#RfC on proposal to simplify the Prehistory, Early history and Movement towards the Black Sea sections and merge them into a single Origins and early history section. I doubt whether it is helpful to have two ongoing RfCs on essentially the same question. We should probably resolve the earlier RfC before we "move ahead" with its conclusions." If that's now also closed, then let's integrate the results of it with previous results. I tend to agree with: "The previous RFCs made it clear that there was a consensus not to remove such information from Misplaced Pages, but to focus upon it more in other articles." But the devil is in the details of how to shift focus and narrow scope. I tend to agree at least in spirit with this, too: "Interconnected RfCs should be handled in a reasonable order one step at the time. Making a new RfC with a request to "move ahead" with a counter proposal to a proposal being discussed in a ongoing RfC is problematic." But I'm not sure that's a 100% accurate description. Regardless, I see enough blowback already to think that this new RfC is a bust. It would probably be most productive to prepare a draft revision based on the previous RfCs and then see if it meets with approval. Give us all something concrete to look at instead of more of the same arguments. They're getting hard to follow except for people really focused on this particular page. When I say we should get on with it, I mean get on with improving the article, which is a content endeavor not more talk-page argument. PS: Talk:ByteDance is stuck at exactly the same stage of the same process: lots of discussion and "voting" about how to revise, but a need to just write the revision, with everyone's concerns in mind and balanced to the extent possible, then put that draft up and see if it sticks as the new base from which we'll work moving forward.  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  11:58, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
@SMcCandlish: I can't follow, and I think one of us is misunderstanding the situation. According to me you are referring to a closed RFC as open. Also you are proposing that the next logical step is that someone should propose a new draft. That is exactly what this RFC is? In terms of the older draft of Krakkos, Krakkos called in an admin to close all the older RFCs, not me, but I've continued to remind editors that this draft also still exists. (The result of this RFC could also be a hybrid or something based on new ideas.) I also don't understand your reference to blowback EXCEPT in the inevitable sense that Krakkos and Berig do not agree with the opinions of other editors in the previous RFCs (as per the summary you agree with) and would prefer the article to keep the Goths-are-Swedes theme of the controversial opening sections. That is of course a disagreement which goes back long before I ever worked on this article, and one where both editors believe ideology-driven academia is partly to blame, and are waiting for new DNA evidence to prove them right. We can't expect any consensus that will resolve that disagreement at this time? I believe however we can come to a happier compromise if the academic versions of the Swedish proposal can be properly discussed in a more specialized article. I think most of believe trying to fit the MAIN discussion of that here is just never going to really work?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 13:52, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
If I'm misreading something, I'll just sit out for a while. Anyway, I don't think the present thread is going to come to an active consensus to do anything, and stick to my advice to work on a draft and try to get buy-in on it (taking editorial suggestions to work toward a compromise version).  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  10:28, 7 June 2021 (UTC)
@SMcCandlish: This thread is meant to be an RFC about a specific draft. For any such draft RFC to work, indeed we need some feedback and "editorial suggestions". (That would also apply to any future draft.) So feedback is what is needed now. So far, this draft has had more positive feedback than the drafts of Krakkos in the previous RFC. The only criticism about my draft so far is from Krakkos who suggests my draft should have more footnotes. (Berig disagrees with the whole aim of shortening the origins discussions. That is not a criticism specific to any draft.)--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 12:17, 7 June 2021 (UTC)
This is far too much meta-discussion about my own input/viewpoint. I'm not in control of this discussion or any processes.  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  16:10, 19 June 2021 (UTC)
@SMcCandlish:, I can't really follow these occasional remarks, but the fact is that this RFC is now at a point where simple feedback (positive and/or negative) about the proposed draft is what would be most helpful. --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 20:30, 19 June 2021 (UTC)
I can support the Krakkos lead, for its concision, and your Origins section, for its appropriate post-lead detail and sourcing, which is nevertheless more concise than what we started all this to revise.  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  00:23, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
I agree with SMcCandlish on these points; they are my sentiments exactly. Carlstak (talk) 00:56, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
Thanks for the feedback @SMcCandlish: and @Carlstak:. I am not 100% clear what "more concise than what we started all this to revise" means. Does mean you find my draft to be on the short side? As background, feedback from Srnec on the previous drafts from Krakkos was pushing for a shorter version, as I understood it. Anything you think needs changing?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 06:28, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
I don't mean that it's too short; rather, it is short enough . I.e., good job. If Srnec and someone else want to tighten it even further, I don't object, but I like how source-dense it is for the amount of verbiage, and how much verbiage it leaves for other articles to get into.  — SMcCandlish ¢ 😼  05:29, 5 July 2021 (UTC)
Well, maybe one step towards simplification would be to do the change to the lead if there is a consensus or no objections. North8000 (talk) 12:09, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

re-appearance of DNA section

I have removed the following which was added by what I understand to be a single topic IP editor with an interest in Swedish topics:

DNA evidence seems to be consistent with the traditional perspective described by Jordanes of a Scandinavian migration. The DNA comparison shows the Gothic populations DNA structure is similar to southern Scandinavia. It is unclear if the Oksywie culture was replaced by the Goths or created by the Goths. Before the Gothic immigration, the DNA of Central Europe was different and more diverse. Exactly how this migration happened could not be reached. The study published in 2019 seem to confirm the notion that Goths originated in southern Sweden and Denmark. But the study also cites more research in archaeology and genetics is needed to gain a greater understanding of exactly how the Gothic migrations influenced the history of the region. The study studied populations from different periods and DNA structure in Northern Poland changed due to an influx of immigrants. In Kowalewko in Poland, the Gothic newcomers 200 AD had significantly different DNA from previous locals that inhabited the region.

The spread of the Scandinavian I1 Dna group is also closely linked to the Migration period during the collapse of the Roman empire. Current research shows that before the Goths migrated Haplogroup I-M253 was confined exclusively to Scandinavia. The migration of the Goths resulted in the spread of the genes outside of Scandinavia for the first time. Goths buried in Italy shared genetic affinity with modern-day Scandinavians also having a dominant I1 gene.

References

  1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43183-w
  2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332781862_Goth_migration_induced_changes_in_the_matrilineal_genetic_structure_of_the_central-east_European_population
  3. Teska M, Michalowski A (2014). "Connection between Wielkopolska and the Baltic Sea Region in the Roman Iron Age". www.semanticscholar.org. S2CID 56295624. Retrieved 2020-12-10.

After many previous discussions, similar material was previously removed by Srnec. Concerned raised included WP:UNDUE, WP:PRIMARY, WP:SCIRS, WP:OR, WP:SYNTH. Archived discussions: , , . The section being expanded this way is also recently agreed to be one needing trimming, because focus on such speculative topics about pre Goths has been a significant distraction from the main topic .--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 07:31, 30 May 2021 (UTC)

discussion with IP editor

But the large concentration around Rome is persistent with the Gothic sack of Rome. Over 15 per cent of I1 DNA in modern times. I1 only became dominant around 500 BC in Scandinavia. The fact that modern-day Romans have 15 per cent I1 is probably due to the Goths settling down in Rome. Before the migration period, modern-day Romans lacked I1 DNA. Know they have 15 per cent which is huge and do not indicate a small case migration of elite. The Goths buried in Rome also show Genetic affinity with modern-day Scandinavians with a dominant I1 gene not common in Germany Poland, or elsewhere. The DNA evidence suggests the Goths did migrate en mass from Scandinavia. Modern-day British populations also have 15 per cent I1 DNA thanks to the Vikings and Anglo Saxon migration from Scandinavia. Fifteen per cent around Rome is a very high number if you take into consideration 1500 years have passed and that modern-day Romans have so much Scandinavian heritage. Where did it come from if not the Goths? The German populations have 15 per cent so if they had sacked Rome the I1 spread would have been lower. For example, France or modern-day Frenchmen— conquered by the more German Franks have far less I1 DNA.


	Only a pure Scandinavian group could have made Rome so incredibly Scandinavian. The Genetic evidence shows the Goths are almost identical to modern Swedes. Also the fact that the DNA 


They also found almost all Goths remains buried in Italy being genetically related to Scandinavians. https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml
Eupedia and various discussion forums are the better places to discuss such speculative ideas. Here on Misplaced Pages we have a more boring aim, of just summarizing what holds fields agree upon, and/or what they are debating. Even that is complex enough. :) Individual research papers are can not be used to summarize a whole field, but for better or worse Misplaced Pages's community grudgingly accepts them to be reported in specialist articles on human population research, archaeology and so on. (Concerns about this have been posted regularly over the years.) This article is not one of those, because it has enough to do just covering the very rich topic of the Goths as known from history, but there are some related articles where we are reporting some of these things. However, a secondary problem we have had is that Wikipedians have been adding their own conclusions and not just giving a neutral report of these research papers. That is definitely against our core content policies, and something to do on other websites, not this one.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:15, 30 May 2021 (UTC)


That proves the at least partial Scandinavian origins of the Goths. Is not better than to for example research something else about World war 2 or some other topic needing attention... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.227.81.54 (talk) 17:48, 30 May 2021 (UTC)

When new publications appear which show something new, we look at those. That is how Misplaced Pages works. In the meantime, predicting what the new publications will show is for other types of websites. At this stage there is no body of published material with strong conclusions about Gothic origins, based on DNA. Eupedia is not a reliable source. And there is no publication at all which suggests sthat Rome is "incredibly Scandinavian"!! FWIW I1 is very widespread in Europe, and has a difficult distribution to make conclusions about because it is pre-agriculture.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 19:11, 30 May 2021 (UTC)

Sorry but I1 is very Scandinavian it is true that the gene has been found before. But it was not until the late Nordic bronze age it started to get broadly spread. Also, it is only dominant in Scandinavia and Northern Germany. Also, Scandinavians have 35-40 per cent I1 DNA. So it is very Scandinavian even if it have old origins it was not dominant in any region in Europe until the late Scandinavian Bronze age. Also, the Lombards could be a source of I1 in Rome. So maybe the Goths were R1A or another haplogroup... But calling it a none Scandinavian gene is pretty ignorant. Lombards could be the source of I1 in Italy. It only became dominant around 500 BC for unknown reasons. It also spread to Germany when the Celts got weakened by the Ceasars invasion. All Germanic people groups originate in Scandinavia or Northern Germany. Ceasar's invasion of the Gaul weakened, them so the Germanic peoples could invade.

It is not dominant in any region except Scandinavia and Finland. The groups' origins are disputed but did not start to gain dominance until 500 before christ so all of its spread over the rest of Europe is contemporary history and all migrations that spread it is recorded in Southern European history. R1A also seem to be widespread in Italy so the Goths also had German ancestry. However, the Italian studies showed a great affinity with Scandinavians. In Gothic graves. For example, before the Anglo-Saxon invasion, no I1 was present in Britain. Ireland has no I1 except in Dublin due to it being founded by Norse settlers. Before that I1 was small or marginal. The clustered in Turkey comes from Varangian guards during medieval periods large swaths of Norse males migrated to the Byzantine empire to serve as guards. Northwestern Spain was the final refugee from the Islamic invasion. Sicily got I1 from Norman invasions. The cluster around Sankt Petersburg is due to Norse settlers using it as a trading hub. Laying the foundation for the Rus states. The Germanic migrations dispersed I1 lineages to Britain (Anglo-Saxons), Belgium (Franks, Saxons), France (Franks, Visigoths and Burgundians), South Germany (Franks, Alamanni, Suebi, Marcomanni, Thuringii and others), Switzerland (Alamanni, Suebi, Burgundians), Iberia (Visigoths, Suebi and Vandals), Italy (Goths, Vandals, Lombards), Austria and Slovenia (Ostrogoths, Lombards, Bavarians), Ukraine and Moldova (Goths), as well as around Hungary and northern Serbia (Gepids). The I1 found among the Poles (6%), Czechs (11%), Slovaks (6%) and Hungarians (8%) is also the result of centuries of influence from their German and Austrian neighbours. The relatively high frequency of I1 around Serbia and western Bulgaria (5% to 10%) could be owed to the Goths who settled in the Eastern Roman Empire in the 3rd and 4th centuries. In Turkey and Russia unlike Rome, England or Germany it was not a full-scale migration therefore I1 did not become widespread only some Varangian guardsmen acting as police in Greece and Russia and settled and married Greek or Russian women. The I1 spread is closely linked with recorded historical events. Sicily have a concentration probably due to Norrman settlers moving in taking the houses of Muslim Arabs after the Norman conquest. Also Vladimir the Great seem to have also been descended from the I1 subgroup.

But all this information in the article does not have to be written in the article of course. Just the fact that the origins lie in Scandinavia from I1 and that Goths probably were not intermixing that much with close by populations. Or it could be Lombards in the graveyard. The other things I mentioned about modern Rome citizens having a lot of I1 admixtures was just to prove my point.

Amorim, Carlos (2018-09-11). "Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3547. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3547A. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4. PMC 6134036. PMID 30206220.

The frequency of old Y haplogroups in regions is not a good predictor at all of where the haplogroup originally dispersed from, but in any case this is not the place to try to publish your personal speculations. This is not a forum. We just make articles which summarize what has been published in expert fields as a whole. This is not the place to present novel hypotheses based on primary research. It just isn't what Misplaced Pages is for. Please familiarize yourself with how Misplaced Pages works.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 22:50, 30 May 2021 (UTC)


I took articles published by genetic experts in Poland thought. I just wanted to add the genetic research a team of 6 different DNA researchers from Poland concluded in their DNA analysis. I did never want to include this and also I1 is not an ancient genetic group. It developed during the Neolithic in Scandinavia and is not related to the I2 group. It is the only major DNA group in Europe with none Asiatic origins. The researchers concluded that the Goths females were married to or taken by neighbouring tribes. The gothic female genes are present among modern poles. But not male gothic DNA is not as common. Showing that the Goths kept for themselves for some reason. But that poles are also descended from them due to locals finding gothic women attractive. This was not my own conclusion this was based upon a polish team with 6 researchers. They concluded the Goths were partially Scandinavian or German in origin and that their women mixed with modern-day poles.


Inducing the I1 haplogroup into Poland. . Eastern European populations do not have patrilinear ancestry from the Goths. It is not old 4000 years old. It only started to become common 500 before Christ. The Eupedia article also states that I1 large spread across Europe is a result of the Germanic migration period. It was a dead genepool until it for, some reason, had evolutionary benefits and spread across Scandinavia and Germany. Italic researchers concluded the Gothic graveyard were genetically similar to modern-day Scandinavians. The spread of I1 across Europe can only be traced to Germanic migrations.

But if the editors do not want to include DNA research in the article let's ignore my edits. But they are consistent with what I read in a research paper published by six genetic experts. No DNA edits I get it. I Will not try it again.

The notion that genetic evidence should be excluded from this article, when it appears in so many others, strikes me as very peculiar, if not outright special pleading. The genetic evidence is solid evidence, not "speculative ideas" as you call it. -- Elphion (talk) 15:04, 30 May 2021 (UTC)

I see what you mean, but it is not quite that extreme. As a general rule on Misplaced Pages there is concern about the use of such research, but more about our ability to use it well. DNA information is concrete in a sense, but interpreting it is tricky because there are very few good secondary works which help us draw historical conclusions from isolated tests on skeletons here and there, and so we risk WP:SYNTH. Historically, on this article on others, editors including such material have based their historical conclusions almost entirely on the ideas of various online bloggers etc, despite superficially citing peer reviewed research reports which generally make very meagre comments about history or language. Typically what we therefore when apprioriate is list basic summaries of results from various articles, and keep it as neutral as possible, restraining ourselves from bringing in ideas from the blogosphere, no matter how interesting. If you follow the links I posted above I once proposed a way we could do that here but other editors preferred the current option, and I also agree with them. The OTHER issue here is not an opposition to DNA as such but the longer running discussion (see various RFCs) about trying to move coverage of Gothic origins to other articles (Gutones, Wielbark culture, Origin stories of the Goths etc). This does not only affect DNA, but also archaeology and discussions about Jordanes. I think I speak for a majority of editors (based on several RFCs) when I say that the space we dedicate to these topics on these articles is too little to be able to do justice to those topics, which are complex in their own right.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 13:25, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
I agree with Elphion that the exclusion of genetic evidence from this article is unhelpful. Stolarek et al. (2019) did a genetic study which is directly relevant to the Goths:

"The collected results seem to be consistent with the historical narrative that assumed that the Goths originated in southern Scandinavia; then, at least part of the Goth population moved south through the territory of contemporary Poland towards the Black Sea region, where they mixed with local populations and formed the Chernyakhov culture... he genetic relationships reported here... support the opinion that southern Scandinavia was the homeland of the Goths." – Stolarek, I.; Handschuh, L.; Juras, A.; et al. (May 1, 2019). "Goth migration induced changes in the matrilineal genetic structure of the central-east European population". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). 6737. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.6737S. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43183-w. PMC 6494872. PMID 31043639.

That study found evidence of Gothic connections with Scandinavia. Andrew Lancaster is constantly seeking to remove such evidence, and is using all types of pretexts to justify such removal. One such pretext is to create POV forks like Gutones and Origin stories of the Goths, and then to advocate the transfer of evidence he doesn't like from this article to the POV forks. Another pretext are supposed concerns about citing genetic studies. Interestingly, Andrew Lancaster has been citing himself at Misplaced Pages articles on genetics. His concerns about genetic studies seem quite selective. I think this article has space for a sentence or two about the genetic studies on Goths that have been published so far. Krakkos (talk) 14:20, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
Why are you pretending a 2009 edit on another article is recent or relevant? I defer to my summary above for links to several past discussions about DNA relevant to THIS article, especially this one. The Stolarek 2019 article did mitochondrial DNA tests, which are useless for this purpose, and said the result was CONSISTENT with Goths coming from Sweden. The edit to remove it was made by Srnec and was also strongly agreed by others including Alcaios and Carlstak. I also refer to recent RFCs for discussion about moving origins details out of this article, where the closing admin noted a "clear consensus".--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 16:18, 31 May 2021 (UTC)



I thought haplogroups were pretty consistent with ancestry. Especially when Genetic specialists in Poland agree they are true. Also, Goths had a central European or polish variant of R1A that also seem to be spread out along Spain and Italy in a similar cluster with I1. I also used an Italian source examining actual remains of Gothic warriors in Italian graveyards from 500 BP exactly after the sack of Rome by the Goths and Lombards. Taken from a Gothic burial in Rome. I1 at least seem to be the dominant group in the populations only in modern Swedes, Danes and in Norway I1 is dominant in Goths too... At least those found in the graveyards of Rome. Also one similar examination done by genetic experts in Italy 2020 seems to confirm the Scandinavian origins of the Goths done in 2020

References

  1. Amorim CE, Vai S, Posth C, Modi A, Koncz I, Hakenbeck S, et al. (September 2018). "Understanding 6th-century barbarian social organization and migration through paleogenomics". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3547. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3547A. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06024-4. PMC 6134036. PMID 30206220.
  2. Estes R (2020-10-16). "Longobards Ancient DNA from Pannonia and Italy – What Does Their DNA Tell Us? Are You Related?". DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
Since we had some semblance of consensus not to delve too deeply into the origin stories, I think we should refrain from including the genetic discussion in the main body of the test. Krakkos was right that a sentence or two is merited about the recent genomic evidence, but let's make them informational notes, as the science of genetics is still very young and in transition. We don't need this page becoming politicized by focusing on a controversial area. To this end, Andrew's position seems the most in keeping with editorial consensus. --Obenritter (talk) 19:03, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
(edit conflict)FWIW, Haplogroups, types of DNA, obviously do have something to do with biological ancestry. But this article is not about biology, and mitochondrial DNA is a special small chunk of rarely mutating DNA that we only get from our mother, and these change very slowly and apparently (scientists have found) don't normally spread in a way which can be used to connection to language or ethnicity in smaller regions like Europe. If you've you've ever tracked your own mitochondrial DNA or, like me, worked with genealogists in large groups, you'll know how the closest mitochondrial matches of people with European ancestry tend to come from thousands of kilometres from their own known ancestors. This is why most well-known labs working on population history don't use mitochondrial DNA, at least not exclusively.
ALSO, Roberta Estes is an American blogger. The article she discusses about Roman DNA is comparing to Hungary, looking for evidence of Lombard movement, not Scandinavia, not looking at Goths.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 19:18, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
This article is not about Latin literature either. Does that mean we should purge the article of all references to Latin literature? Of course not. This article is about ancient people, and our understanding of ancient people is based on a combination of literary, linguistic, archaeological, genetic and other material. Genetic information can be used to get insight into many things, for example human migration and social organization. The mtDNA that we inherit from our mothers is one type of such useful genetic information. Stolarek et al. (2019) examined what they perceived to be Gothic mtDNA, and drew some conclusions from it. I think the addition of a neutral reference to Stolarek et al. (2019) would be helpful. This could be done through formulating a sentence or an informational note. Krakkos (talk) 19:45, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
Actually you will only find things neatly labelled as Goths in Latin and Greek literature. This article is about a historical people, i.e. known from the written record. All other types of investigation about them, such as archaeological or linguistic, start from the written record. But you won't find any neatly labelled Gothic DNA in the populations genetic literature. What you have published here in the past was not a neutral summary, but wishful thinking. You were the source. We can however say quite a lot about archaeological ideas concerning the origins of the Goths, but no version of this article or any other on WP has ever done a good job of that. (You've used archaeology sources only to sneak the Jordanes "Berig story" into "Misplaced Pages voice". Ironic! You use archaeologists as a proxy for a bit of Latin literature which is your indirect source for the "Goths are Swedes" myth you are continually trying to reinsert. You argue against citing experts on Jordanes, only because you know they all agree he can't be used this way. Using archaeologists as alternative non-expert sources for Jordanes appears to be the limit of your interest in archaeology.) The archaeology of Gothic origins deserves it's own article (Wielbark culture etc) and I think no one would have a problem with truly neutral summaries of articles like Stolarek's there.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 20:20, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
This article is about Goths. Detailed coverage on Jordanes and Getica belongs at the articles Jordanes and Getica. This article should rely primarily on experts on Goths, as it currently does. The literature and archaeology of the Goths is indeed covered in detail at other articles. The Visigoths and Ostrogoths have also received detailed coverage elsewhere. This does not mean that we should purge this article of information about Gothic archaeology, Jordanes or the Visigoths and Ostrogoths. The scope of this article should be determined by the scope of the most relevant and reliable sources on the Goths, such as the works of Peter Heather, Herwig Wolfram and Michel Kazanski. These works provide substantial coverage of archaeological and linguistic evidence, which means that such evidence should also be covered here. Krakkos (talk) 20:54, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
Apart from the clear decisions from the RFCs, the entire field or fields relevant to Goths all write in such a way that the appearance of Goths in Roman sources in the 3rd century, for the first time under that name, and for the first time north of the Danube, represents the start of (to say the least) a distinct era of Gothic history. It is clearly a very nicely separable topic!? I have already shown how Heather and Wolfram make this point very clearly, and how you have misunderstood and distorted their words. You are flogging a dead horse and over-dramatizing, in order to create talk page confusion again. No one except you is purging anything from any published expert source. What needs to be purged are fringe stories from internet trolls who like to see themselves as living Goths, and desperately want to continue the old Swedish claim over them. There was an RFC and discussion continues. It should be a normal discussion about where to put what (including genetics, archaeology etc). The fact is that you are continually working against what our fellow editors have said they want, and waiting to reinsert the Goths-are-Swedes story, as you did a few months ago. All your proposals have nothing at all to do with people like Heather, Wolfram or Kazanski, as I have shown many times now. For another example you continue to "purge" and de-emphasize all mention of the Vienna school's ideas about an elite migration which are accepted by all three of them. You only use cherry-picked words from those writers in ways to change their meanings, in order to give the old story of how Goths are Swedes, which is adapted from Jordanes, and would not exist without Jordanes. It is you that wants the troll-adapted Jordanes to quietly dominate this article: You want your modern troll-adapted version of the Jordanes Berig etc story to be the story which Misplaced Pages tells, using the names of modern scholars to hide the real sources. That is also the only way in which you have used archaeological and DNA sources, which you seem to have no interest in, or understanding of, outside of this use - just as you have no interest in the actual scholarly literature about Jordanes. Please stop it and be a bit more practical? --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 09:19, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
  • "Goths are first mentioned occupying territory in what is now Poland in the first century AD... The history of people labelled "Goths" thus spans 700 years... he Wielbark culture.... took shape in the middle of the first century AD... in Pomerania and lands either side of the lower Vistula... his is the broad area where our few literary sources place a group called Goths at this time... Tacitus Germania 43-4 places them not quite on the Baltic coast; Ptolemy Geography 3.5.8 locates them east of the Vistula; Strabo Geography 7.1.3 (if Butones should be emended to Gutones) broadly agrees with Tacitus... The mutually confirmatory information of ancient sources and the archaeological record both suggest that Goths can first be identified beside the Vistula." – Heather, Peter (1998). The Goths. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-631-209-32-8.

  • "The Gothic name appears for the first time between A.D. 16 and 18. We do not, however, find the strong form Guti but only the derivative form Gutones... henever the Gutones and Guti are mentioned, these terms refer to the Goths on the Continent before their migration to the Black Sea." – Wolfram, Herwig (1990). History of the Goths. Translated by Dunlap, Thomas J. University of California Press. pp. 20, 23. ISBN 0520069838.

Krakkos (talk) 10:20, 1 June 2021 (UTC)

Classic WP:IDHT. When you are exposed, this is what you do: post large irrelevant quotes, and always the same ones, and always pretending you forget previous discussions about removed bits where you have "(...)". (You are sometimes joining bits that are pages apart or even in different chapters, and you always moving key qualifications. You also pick old books over new ones, questionable wordings from abstracts that disagree with the main bodies, compressed wordings from short dictionary articles instead of highly cited works by the same authors, and so on.) This is disruptive editing Krakkos. There is no other reason for you to be quoting the same large blocks of text over and over and over and over without any reference to previous discussion. Most importantly, these quotes are entirely irrelevant to the points made above. FWIW:

Wolfram, same work, p.44 says: p.44: the acculturation of the Goths to the Pontic area and their ethnogenesis "at the shores of the Black Sea" are simultaneous and mutually depent processes: In other words, we should speak of the Goths only after the Gutonic immigrants had become "Scythians" at the Black Sea.

While none of this is relevant to the comment you were replying to, the cherry picking is stunning.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 11:04, 1 June 2021 (UTC)

Apart from a series of personal attacks, your point above was that Wolfram and Heather believe Goths appear "for the first time" in Roman sources in the 3rd century AD. This is a false claim which you have made over and over again. Quoting their most authoritative sources directly helps set the record straight. As long as you continue to misrepresent the views of Wolfram, Heather and others on this talk page, i will continue to quote their works directly, so that the community can make up its own mind on the basis of the actual evidence. Krakkos (talk) 11:48, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
No Krakkos, that was not my point, and it was not your point (and it is not even the point these scholars make, let alone the rest of the field; these two write about the name of the Goths but you twist their meaning all the time to write your fringe stuff about a single simple physical group of people). The point is that there was nothing wrong with the RFC decisions, and quotes like these can't be used to show they were wrong decisions, so please stop beating a dead horse. --Andrew Lancaster (talk) 13:25, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
More notes about DNA from IP editor

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB39997?fbclid=IwAR1334H3S4xx3NN8V3mFLdBnYJVGSwZs1jgnU4MzIEduN2YyoA08yh7Xb6I This new research paper published 2021 proves without any reasonable doubt that some Goths at least had a DNA structure similar to modern Swedes. Done by the University of Fribourg. But those Scandinavian guys living in Poland might be something else... But according to the poles doing this archaeology project they were considered to be archaeologically Gothic and a majority of Individuals have I1 or R1B haplogroup.

The Pla de l'Horta villa near Girona in Spain is located in close proximity to a necropolis with a series of tombs associated with the Visigoths. The grave goods and the typology of the tombs point to a Visigothic origin of the individuals. A small number of individuals buried at the site were sampled for DNA analysis in a 2019 study. One of the samples belonged to haplogroup I1. This finding is in accordance with the common ancestral origin of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths.

I read your article but your assumption is wrong your studying an ancient haplogroup but I1 is very new only 3500 years. The Visigothic royalty also had dominant I1 ancestry. According to studies done Spain by archaeologists in Spain. They DNA tested Visigothic nobles graves and they also had a dominant I1 groupings in 2019.

https://www.geni.com/projects/I-CTS6364-Y-DNA/36181

quote: "Current DNA research indicates that I1 was close to non-existent in most of Europe outside of Scandinavia and northern Germany before the Migration Period."


"The Pla de l'Horta villa near Girona in Spain is located in close proximity to a necropolis with a series of tombs associated with the Visigoths. The grave goods and the typology of the tombs point to a Visigothic origin of the individuals. A small number of individuals buried at the site were sampled for DNA analysis in a 2019 study. One of the samples belonged to haplogroup I1. This finding is in accordance with the common ancestral origin of the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths."

References

  1. Olalde I, Mallick S, Patterson N, Rohland N, Villalba-Mouco V, Silva M, et al. (March 2019). "The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years". Science. 363 (6432): 1230–1234. Bibcode:2019Sci...363.1230O. doi:10.1126/science.aav4040. PMC 6436108. PMID 30872528.

I still watch this from a previous bot-invited RFC visit. So I don't have the depth & expertise here that y'all do and so my comments are from just a quick overview. I agree that it should be kept out. It looks like "somebody's research and interpretation of it" rather than something broad and solid enough (with secondary analysis) to be in an encyclopedia article. Various policies point out that type of a problem with this.North8000 (talk) 13:38, 1 June 2021 (UTC)

Thanks for the input. The dubious genetic material shared by the IP should certainly be kept out. I'm open to including reliable material that is directly relevant to the Goths, but in such cases it should handled it carefully. In any case, the field of genetics is progressing rapidly, and more solid information will hopefully be available in the future. Krakkos (talk) 14:18, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
Yes, but you are also "forgetting" that the articles you want to reintroduce into this article were put into multiple Misplaced Pages articles, not just this one. (Also, in articles like this one it was reproduced in multiple versions throughout the article, and you did not cooperate with discussions to improve that!) So the only questions which have really been relevant are about the neutrality of the summaries, and (as per the RFCs) the decision to place the main discussions in archaeology articles about the material cultures whose DNA is being discussed. There has been no purge, and no purge is proposed.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 14:28, 1 June 2021 (UTC)

collecting quotes to help future discussion about pre 3rd century "pre" Goths

Even if we come to some clear action plans soon, it seems this topic might come back again, either here or on related articles, and discussions has been anything-but-helped by lumping big quotes into the normal talk page. So I hope this workpage helps: Talk:Goths/Quotes.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 13:06, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

I've gone ahead and started a new article: Origin of the Goths. There seems to be a clear enough agreement that any attempt to expand discussions of this topic needs to be done somewhere else, and I believe our explanations of the topic need expansion somewhere on Misplaced Pages if they are to be clear and accurate. Highly compressed versions are constantly going to be controversial distractions. From my work on this new article so far, a single independent article does seem possible. (I am open to other ideas about merging it to other Goth-related articles. Other relevant articles are Origin stories of the Goths, Wielbark culture, Name of the Goths, and Gutones but I think the overlap is OK at this point.) I really hope this helps us in the future. I truly believe it can.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 10:45, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

New section on warfare

Joe Flats 123, I think all or most of the material you've added is not specifically about Goths but about what we modern people call "Germanic peoples"? Ancient authors did provide distinct descriptions of the Goths, but I think you are using descriptions of other Germanic peoples? Roman authors repeatedly insisted that the Goths were a Scythian people in terms of their customs etc. For example, a major part of the new material is a block of text from Mauricius about the "Fair haired peoples" such as Franks and Lombards. These are western European groups who the Romans did not associate with the Goths. The Strategikon has a different section for discussion about Scythian peoples, and in Book IV this work makes clear that Goths, as in other works, are Scythian. Are you not using the wrong section of the Strategikon? To give an example of a difference, while the fair haired peoples can easily be drawn out of formation by simulated retreats, the Goths are experts in performing such simulated retreats. And rather than being happy to dismount, like the fair-haired peoples, this work claims that because they grow up on horseback, the Scythians are not happy walking around on foot. If on the other hand we say this is not explicitly enough about Goths, that's fine, but we can't use descriptions of western europeans as a stand-in, surely?--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 16:12, 30 June 2022 (UTC)

Andrew Lancaster I think you are right for the Strategikon section, i will delete that. However, i know that the paragraph or two before that talks about weapons and armour explicitly for the Goths, so i wont delete that. :) --Joe Flats 123

another re-appearance of the DNA section

@Isacdaavid I don't know who reintroduced the genetics section, but you have reintroduced strong claims into another section, about the name of the Goths, indicating that DNA proves the "Goths" to be from Scandinavia. There is no such evidence, and this has been discussed and agreed here several times in the past. Of course there could be new evidence one day, but I don't see it?

  • The Genomic Atlas website you are now citing as a new source does not appear to be a reliable source according to Misplaced Pages norms. If necessary please take it to WP:RSN and ask for someone else's opinion.
  • The Stolarek et al. article from 2023 only mentions the Goths once: "Some theories link the emergence of the Wielbark culture with the migration of people commonly referred to as Goths". (There is a lot more that could be said about the problems of using a research report like this, with vague conclusions.)
  • The Antonio et al. article of 2023 does not mention Gothic DNA, or the Wielbark culture.

On this basis I believe the genetics section, and also this misplaced genetics digression in the name section, should be removed or stripped down quite a lot. At the moment this is basically WP:OR. (I also don't see why all these things need to be repeated in a section which is supposed to be about the name of the Goths?) Andrew Lancaster (talk) 21:21, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

Concur entirely with Andrew Lancaster about this matter. This topic has been repeatedly argued on pages related to the ancient Germanic peoples in general and this page especially. There is overwhelming consensus about the speciousness of these sorts of claims.
As an update Isacdaavid you posted on RSN (thank you) and received two very clear negative responses concerning the new source. I think we are going is that the DNA claims need trimming or deleting. If anyone has other evidence, or good proposals on ways of trimming it, now would be a good moment to get involved in this discussion.--Andrew Lancaster (talk) 17:38, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
I agree with deletion or trimming. And I know it's a new and fast paced field, but there is no exception to the requirement that we use secondary and not primary sources to write encyclopaedic articles. Sirfurboy🏄 (talk) 17:51, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
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