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'''Azerbaijanis''', '''Azeris''', '''Azerbaijani Turks''', or '''Azeri Turks''', are a people of the ] numbering about 45 million.
They are commonly associated with ] and the regions of northwestern ] (mainly the provinces of ], ], and ]), as well as neighbouring areas.


'''Azerbaijanis''', or '''"Azerbaijani Turks,"''' (also reffered to as Azeri Turks or Azeris) are natives of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the northwestern Iranian region which some reffer to as South Azerbaijan. It is estimated that there are 45 million Azerbaijanis worldwide.
==Origins==


⚫ Azerbaijani historians consider the nation of Azerbaijani Turks the inheritants of ancient civilizations such as those of ], ], ], ], ], and ] as well as descendants of various bodies of Turks (Gokturks, Huns, Khazars, Barsils, Kurtugurs, Saragurs, Kipchaks and others) who lived in the land prior to the 10th century, but primaraly the ''']''', who had inhabited Azerbaijan since the 6th century, and who in a series of mass-migrations from Central Asia during Seljuk rule in the 10th and 11th centuries created a majority population in the land, uniting previous Turkic inhabitants.
Their origins are disputed, with some historians calling them descendants of ] and ] peoples and others maintaining that they are descendants of various Turkic peoples.


Prior to the Oghuz Turkic majority-population in Azerbaijan in the 10th and 11th centuries, there were also traces of Caucasian peoples, such as the tribe of Chols as well as Indo-Europeans, who are often labeled as Iranic. It must be noted that there is no linguistic or historical evidence of Iranic or Caucasian languages in Azerbaijan in the pre-Islamic period, but Turkic linguistic evidence existing prior to the era of Islam is notable.
⚫ Most historians agree that they are descendants of ] and ] peoples who were linguistically assimilated by ] tribes (primarily ] and ]). A minority among professionals believe instead that they are descendants of various bodies of Turks (Gokturks, Huns, Khazars, Barsils, Kurtugurs, Saragurs, Kipchaks) but primaraly the ''']''' who had inhabited Azerbaijan since the 6th century, and who in a series of mass-migrations from Central Asia during Seljuk rule in the 10th and 11th centuries created a majority population in the land, uniting previous Turkic inhabitants.


The modern statehood, blood, language, literature, culture, garments, dances, folklore and national character of Azerbaijan and the Azerbaijanis comes from the '''Oghuz Turks'''.
The ] is unlikely to be settled, even by archaoloical evidence from controlled, professionally excavated sites, which would establish cultural connections at inhabited sites, or by ], which would offer clues to the waves of ] that have repeatedly tranformed the ]. Official ideologies and local social unrest have rendered neutral, scientifically-based resolution difficult.


⚫ ===]===



⚫ ==Language==
''Main article: ]'' ''Main article: ]''


The Azerbaijanis speak ] (sometimes called Azerbaijani Turkish or Azeri) which is a ], close to ] and ] (see also ]). The standard Azerbaijani language developed from the ] onwards. The Azerbaijanis speak ] (sometimes called Azerbaijani Turkish or Azeri Turkish) which is a ]. It is close to ] and ]. The standard Azerbaijani language developed from the ] onwards. Prior to the 10th century, there were various Turkic dialects spoken across Azerbaijan, as well as Caucasian languages evident in the northern sphere of the land.


Some claim that prior to the 10th century, there were various Turkic dialects spoken across the region, and that the '']'', a historic epic, was written in the Azerbaijani language in the 6th and 7th centuries. Others consider the book to be written in an early ] dialect. The Book of Dede Korkut, which is the historic epic of the Oghuz Turks, was written in Azerbaijan in the 6th and 7th centuries.


===Development=== ===Development===
⚫ The modern written language of the Azerbaijanis developed from the ] to the ], after the Oghuz Turkic migrations and the decline of the ] state in Central Asia. This is the timespan that is called Azerbaijan's cultural and linguistic "golden age".


⚫ The modern phase of the language and the nationhood of the Azerbaijanis developed from the ] to the ], after the Oghuz Turkish migrations and the decline of the Oghuz Yabgu state in Central Asia. This is the time span that is called Azerbaijan's cultural and linguistic "golden age".
⚫ ==Demographics==

There are about total 45 million Azerbaijanis in the world, but census figures are incomplete.

===Historical and National Figures==

*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
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⚫ ===Demographics===
⚫ It is estimated that there are 16 million to 22 million Azerbaijanis in Iran, 4 million to 8 million in Azerbaijan, 600 thousand to 2.16 million in ], over 1 million in the ], about 500 thousand in each of ] and ], more that 300 thousand in ], 286 thousand in ], and 78.3 thousand to 200 thousand in ]. The ], ], ], the ], ], and ] also have some populations of Azerbaijanis living there.


⚫ It is estimated that more than 30 million Azerbaijanis live in Iran, more than 8 million in the Republic of Azerbaijan, 600 thousand to 2.16 million in ], over 1 million in the ], about 500 thousand in each of ] and ], more that 1 million in ], 286 thousand in ], and 78.3 thousand to 200 thousand in ]. The ], ], ], the ], ], and ] also have some populations of Azerbaijanis living there.
More than 90% of Azerbaijanis are ], but there are also ], ], and ] ], ]s, ]s, and ]s. Some people claim that in recent years there have been many conversions from Shia Islam to Sunni Islam.


More than 90% of Azerbaijanis are ], a small percentage are Sunni Muslims and in recent years there have been many conversions to Sunni Islam. There are also Jewish, Zoroastian and Baha'i Azerbaijanis as well.
''See also'': ]


] ]
]

Revision as of 10:08, 11 August 2004


Azerbaijanis, or "Azerbaijani Turks," (also reffered to as Azeri Turks or Azeris) are natives of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the northwestern Iranian region which some reffer to as South Azerbaijan. It is estimated that there are 45 million Azerbaijanis worldwide.

Azerbaijani historians consider the nation of Azerbaijani Turks the inheritants of ancient civilizations such as those of Sumer, Elam, Urartu, Mannai, Media, and Caucasian Albania. as well as descendants of various bodies of Turks (Gokturks, Huns, Khazars, Barsils, Kurtugurs, Saragurs, Kipchaks and others) who lived in the land prior to the 10th century, but primaraly the Oghuz Turks, who had inhabited Azerbaijan since the 6th century, and who in a series of mass-migrations from Central Asia during Seljuk rule in the 10th and 11th centuries created a majority population in the land, uniting previous Turkic inhabitants.

Prior to the Oghuz Turkic majority-population in Azerbaijan in the 10th and 11th centuries, there were also traces of Caucasian peoples, such as the tribe of Chols as well as Indo-Europeans, who are often labeled as Iranic. It must be noted that there is no linguistic or historical evidence of Iranic or Caucasian languages in Azerbaijan in the pre-Islamic period, but Turkic linguistic evidence existing prior to the era of Islam is notable.

The modern statehood, blood, language, literature, culture, garments, dances, folklore and national character of Azerbaijan and the Azerbaijanis comes from the Oghuz Turks.

Language

Main article: Azerbaijani language

The Azerbaijanis speak Azerbaijani (sometimes called Azerbaijani Turkish or Azeri Turkish) which is a Turkic language. It is close to Turkish and Turkmen. The standard Azerbaijani language developed from the 10th century onwards. Prior to the 10th century, there were various Turkic dialects spoken across Azerbaijan, as well as Caucasian languages evident in the northern sphere of the land.

The Book of Dede Korkut, which is the historic epic of the Oghuz Turks, was written in Azerbaijan in the 6th and 7th centuries.

Development

The modern phase of the language and the nationhood of the Azerbaijanis developed from the 10th to the 3th centuries, after the Oghuz Turkish migrations and the decline of the Oghuz Yabgu state in Central Asia. This is the time span that is called Azerbaijan's cultural and linguistic "golden age".


=Historical and National Figures

Demographics

It is estimated that more than 30 million Azerbaijanis live in Iran, more than 8 million in the Republic of Azerbaijan, 600 thousand to 2.16 million in Russia, over 1 million in the US, about 500 thousand in each of Ukraine and Germany, more that 1 million in Turkey, 286 thousand in Georgia, and 78.3 thousand to 200 thousand in Kazakhstan. The UK, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan also have some populations of Azerbaijanis living there.

More than 90% of Azerbaijanis are Shia Muslims, a small percentage are Sunni Muslims and in recent years there have been many conversions to Sunni Islam. There are also Jewish, Zoroastian and Baha'i Azerbaijanis as well.

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