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| '''''Mukti Bahini''''' ({{lang-bn|মুক্তি বাহিনী}}<ref name= "Jahan 1973">{{cite journal|last=Jahan|first=Rounaq|title=Bangladesh in 1972: Nation Building in a New State|journal=Asian Survey|date=1 February 1973|volume=13|issue=2|pages=31|doi=10.2307/2642736|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2642736}}</ref> "Freedom fighters" or "Liberation Army)<ref name="Benvenisti2012">{{cite book|author=Eyal Benvenisti|title=The International Law of Occupation|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=f19hVb54_s8C&pg=PA189|accessdate=20 December 2012|date=23 February 2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-163957-9|pages=189–}}</ref> were the |
'''''Mukti Bahini''''' ({{lang-bn|মুক্তি বাহিনী}}<ref name= "Jahan 1973">{{cite journal|last=Jahan|first=Rounaq|title=Bangladesh in 1972: Nation Building in a New State|journal=Asian Survey|date=1 February 1973|volume=13|issue=2|pages=31|doi=10.2307/2642736|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2642736}}</ref> "Freedom fighters" or "Liberation Army)<ref name="Benvenisti2012">{{cite book|author=Eyal Benvenisti|title=The International Law of Occupation|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=f19hVb54_s8C&pg=PA189|accessdate=20 December 2012|date=23 February 2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-163957-9|pages=189–}}</ref> were the East Pakistani militants who fought against the ] in ] (1971). | ||
| == Background == | == Background == | ||
| {{Main|Bangladesh Liberation War |
{{Main|Bangladesh Liberation War}} | ||
| It mainly constituted Bengali Military, Paramilitary, and civilians, in response to ], a violent planned military operation carried out by the Pakistan Army to curb the Bengali nationalist movement in the erstwhile East Pakistan in 1971. | |||
| They used guerrilla warfare tactics to fight against the ]. India provided economic, military and diplomatic support to the Mukti Bahini rebels, leading West Pakistan to launch Operation Chengiz Khan, a preemptive attack on the western border of India which started the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.The operation also precipitated the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities and caused roughly 10 million refugees to flee to India as well as the death of 1 - 3 million civilians. Essentially Bengali intelligentsia, academics and Hindus were targeted for the harshest treatment, with significant indiscriminate killing taking place. These systematic killings enraged the Bengalis, who declared independence from Pakistan, to achieve the new state of Bangladesh | They used guerrilla warfare tactics to fight against the ]. India provided economic, military and diplomatic support to the Mukti Bahini rebels, leading West Pakistan to launch Operation Chengiz Khan, a preemptive attack on the western border of India which started the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.The operation also precipitated the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities and caused roughly 10 million refugees to flee to India as well as the death of 1 - 3 million civilians. Essentially Bengali intelligentsia, academics and Hindus were targeted for the harshest treatment, with significant indiscriminate killing taking place. These systematic killings enraged the Bengalis, who declared independence from Pakistan, to achieve the new state of Bangladesh | ||
Revision as of 15:40, 4 March 2013
Mukti Bahini (Template:Lang-bn "Freedom fighters" or "Liberation Army) were the East Pakistani militants who fought against the Pakistan Army in Bangladesh Liberation War (1971).
Background
Main article: Bangladesh Liberation WarIt mainly constituted Bengali Military, Paramilitary, and civilians, in response to Operation Searchlight, a violent planned military operation carried out by the Pakistan Army to curb the Bengali nationalist movement in the erstwhile East Pakistan in 1971.
They used guerrilla warfare tactics to fight against the Pakistan Army. India provided economic, military and diplomatic support to the Mukti Bahini rebels, leading West Pakistan to launch Operation Chengiz Khan, a preemptive attack on the western border of India which started the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.The operation also precipitated the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities and caused roughly 10 million refugees to flee to India as well as the death of 1 - 3 million civilians. Essentially Bengali intelligentsia, academics and Hindus were targeted for the harshest treatment, with significant indiscriminate killing taking place. These systematic killings enraged the Bengalis, who declared independence from Pakistan, to achieve the new state of Bangladesh
On 16 December 1971, the allied forces of the Mukti Bahini and the Indian army defeated the Pakistani Army deployed in the East. The resulting surrender was the largest in number of prisoners of war since World War II.
References
- Jahan, Rounaq (1 February 1973). "Bangladesh in 1972: Nation Building in a New State". Asian Survey. 13 (2): 31. doi:10.2307/2642736.
- Eyal Benvenisti (23 February 2012). The International Law of Occupation. Oxford University Press. pp. 189–. ISBN 978-0-19-163957-9. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
- Helal Uddin Ahmed. "Mukti Bahini". In Sirajul Islam (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.