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===Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)=== ===Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)===
*] (1058–1111)<ref name="Josef W. Meri 2005 p 678"/><ref name="Paradise Lost"/><ref name="thepenmagazine">{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.thepenmagazine.net/imam-ghazali-the-sun-of-the-fifth-century-hujjat-al-islam/|title=Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam|work= |location= |publisher=''The Pen''|date=February 1, 2011|accessdate= }}</ref><ref>Jane I. Smith, Islam in America, p 36. ISBN 0231519990</ref><ref>Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566</ref><ref>Willard Gurdon Oxtoby, Oxford University Press, 1996, p 421</ref> *] (1058–1111)<ref name="Waines"/><ref name="Josef W. Meri 2005 p 678"/><ref name="Paradise Lost"/><ref name="thepenmagazine">{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.thepenmagazine.net/imam-ghazali-the-sun-of-the-fifth-century-hujjat-al-islam/|title=Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam|work= |location= |publisher=''The Pen''|date=February 1, 2011|accessdate= }}</ref><ref>Jane I. Smith, Islam in America, p 36. ISBN 0231519990</ref><ref>Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566</ref><ref>Willard Gurdon Oxtoby, Oxford University Press, 1996, p 421</ref>


===Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)=== ===Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)===

Revision as of 16:18, 2 November 2015

Part of a series on Islam
Usul al-Fiqh
Fiqh
Ahkam
Legal vocations and titles

A mujaddid (Template:Lang-ar), is an Islamic term for one who brings "renewal" (تجديد tajdid) to the religion. According to the popular Muslim tradition, it refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, cleansing it of extraneous elements and restoring it to its pristine purity.

The concept is based not on the Quran but on a famous hadith (Prophetic tradition) recorded by Abu Dawood: Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said:

Allah will raise for this community at the end of every hundred years the one who will renovate its religion for it.

— Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim , Hadith Number 4278

Mujaddid tend to come from the most prominent Islamic scholars of the time, although they are sometimes pious rulers.

List of claimants and potential Mujaddids

While there is no formal mechanism for designating a mujaddid, there is often a popular consensus. The Shia and the Naqshbandi order have their own list of mujaddids.

First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)

Second Century (August 10, 815)

Third Century (August 17, 912)

Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)

Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)

Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)

Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)

Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)

Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)

Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)

Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)

Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)

Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)

Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)

References

  1. Faruqi, Burhan Ahmad. The Mujaddid's Conception of Tawhid. p. 7. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  2. ^ Meri, Josef W. (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Psychology Press. p. 678.
  3. Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
  4. ^ "Mujaddid Ulema". Living Islam.
  5. ^ Josef W. Meri, Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia, (Routledge 1 Dec 2005), p 678. ISBN 0415966906.
  6. ^ Waines, David (2003). An Introduction to Islam. Cambridge University Press. p. 210. ISBN 0521539064.
  7. ^ Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  8. ^ Nieuwenhuijze, C.A.O.van (1997). Paradise Lost: Reflections on the Struggle for Authenticity in the Middle East. p. 24. ISBN 90 04 10672 3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help) Cite error: The named reference "Paradise Lost" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  9. ^ Josef W. Meri, Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia, (Routledge 1 Dec 2005), p 678. ISBN 0415966906
  10. "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam". The Pen. February 1, 2011. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  11. Jane I. Smith, Islam in America, p 36. ISBN 0231519990
  12. Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566
  13. Willard Gurdon Oxtoby, Oxford University Press, 1996, p 421
  14. "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)". Muslim Philosophy.
  15. "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani". Hanafi.co.uk.
  16. ^ Azra, Azyumardi (2004). The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia part of the ASAA Southeast Asia Publications Series. University of Hawaii Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780824828486. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  17. Glasse, Cyril (1997). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432. ISBN 90 04 10672 3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  18. "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad". Iqra Islamic Publications.
  19. Kunju, Saifudheen (2012). "Shah Waliullah al-Dehlawi: Thoughts and Contributions": 1. Retrieved 5 April 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. "Gyarwee Sharif". al-mukhtar books.
  21. O. Hunwick, John (1995). African And Islamic Revival in Sudanic Africa: A Journal of Historical Sources. p. 6. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help)
  22. ^ Rippin, Andrew. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. p. 282. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coathors= (help) Cite error: The named reference "Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  23. "Services As A Mujadid". Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan.
  24. "The Promised Messiah". Al Islam.

Further reading

  • Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
  • Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks

External links

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