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!Asian convention
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Revision as of 20:49, 21 May 2021

Wobé
Northern Wèè
Native toIvory Coast
Native speakers(160,000 cited 1993)
Language familyNiger–Congo?
Language codes
ISO 639-3wob
Glottologweno1238

Wobé (Ouobe) is a Kru language spoken in Ivory Coast. It is one of several languages in a dialect continuum called Wèè (Wɛɛ).

Tone

Wobé is known for claims that it has the largest number of tones (fourteen) of any language in the world. However, this has not been confirmed by other researchers, many of whom believe that some of these will turn out to be sequences of tones or prosodic effects, though the Wèè languages in general do have extraordinarily large tone systems.

The fourteen posited tones are:

IPA ˥ ˦ ˧ ˨ ˧˥ ˧˦ ˨˥ ˨˦ ˨˧ ˥˩ ˦˩ ˧˩ ˨˩ ˨˧˩
B&L tone numbers 1 2 3 4 31 32 41 42 43 15 25 35 45 435
Newman adjustment 0 1 2 3 20 21 30 31 32 04 14 24 34 324

Numerals

Wobe has a quinary, decimal system, and it is one of the only two Kru languages which have adopted the decimal system.

References

  1. Wobé at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Bearth, Thomas; Link, Christa (1980). "The tone puzzle of Wobe". Studies in African Linguistics. 11 (2): 147–207.
  3. Singler, John Victor (1984). "On the underlying representation of contour tones in Wobe". Studies in African Linguistics. 15 (1): 59–75.
  4. Newman, Paul (1986). "Contour Tones in Grebo". In van der Hulst, Harry; Bogers, Koen; Mous, Marten (eds.). The Phonological Representation of Suprasegmentals. Publications in African Languages and Linguistics (Book 4). De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 190–191 (notes 12 and 14).
  5. Newman believes Singler is a valuable counterweight to Bearth & Link, but does not accept all his criticism; he accept the Wobe 43 toneme, for example, but believes it should be analyzed as /32/ (all tones being off by 1 compared to related dialects).
  6. Hofer, Verena, Numerals in Wobé language.


Languages of Ivory Coast
Official language
Indigenous
languages
Kru
Kwa
Mande
Senufo
Gur
Other
Immigrant languages
Kru languages
Eastern
Western
Grebo
Wee
Others
Others


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