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| '''Alexander Stewart''' (about 1220-1282), known as '''Alexander of Dundonald''', was a Scottish magnate who in 1241 succeeded his father as hereditary High Steward of Scotland.<ref name = Barrow>{{cite|article = Stewart family (c. 1110–c. 1350)|title = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|author = G. W. S. Barrow|url = https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/49411|date = 23 September 2004|access-date = 12 September 2022}}</ref><ref name = Paul>{{cite|title = The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom|editor= Sir James Balfour Paul|url = https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun01pauluoft |page=13|location = Edinburgh|year = 1904|access-date = 12 September 2022}}</ref> | |||
| '''Alexander Stewart''' (died 1283), also known as '''Alexander of Dundonald''', was 4th hereditary ] from his father's death in 1246. | |||
| ==Origins== | ==Origins== | ||
| He was |
He was the son of ] and his wife,<ref name = Barrow/><ref name = Paul/> said to be Bethóc or Beatrix, a daughter of ].{{citation needed}} | ||
| ==Career== | ==Career== | ||
| He apparenty fought on the ] under King ], during which his younger brother John was killed at ] in Egypt in 1249.<ref name = Paul/> He also seems to have made a pilgrimage to ] in Spain and in honour of the ] baptised his eldest surviving son James, a name rare before then in Scotland.<ref name = Barrow/> In 1255 he appears as one of the Regents of Scotland during the minority of King ].<ref name = Paul/> He seems to have commanded the right wing of the armed force which, at ] in October 1263, successfully defended Scotland against attempted invasion by King ].<ref name = Barrow/><ref name = Paul/> It appears to have been in his time that the Stewarts acquired the lordship of the ] peninsula, with their castle at ].<ref name = Barrow/> He is recorded as playing a prominent part in affairs during the reign of Alexander, being referred to as ''senescallus Scotie'' (steward of Scotland) instead of the older ''dapifer regis Scotie'' (steward of the king of Scotland), so indicating that he held a major office of state that was significant nationally rather than just being a courtier in the royal household.<ref name = Barrow/> | |||
| He is said to have accompanied King ] on the ] (1248–1254).<ref>Simpson, David, ''The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts'', Edinburgh, 1713.</ref> In 1255 he was one of the councillors of King ], though under age.<ref>Anderson, William, ''The Scottish Nation'', Edinburgh, 1867, vol.ix, p.512</ref> | |||
| He died in 1282,<ref name = Barrow/> and was succeeded by his son James.<ref name = Barrow/><ref name = Paul/> | |||
| He was the principal commander under King Alexander III at the ], on 2 October 1263, when the Scots defeated the Norwegians under ]. The Scots invaded and conquered the ] the following year, which was then, together with the whole of the ], annexed to the Crown of Scotland.<ref>Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xli-xlii.</ref><ref>Anderson (1867) vil.ix, p.512</ref> | |||
| ==Family== | |||
| ==Marriage and issue== | |||
| His wife is said to have been named Jean,<ref name = Paul/> and they had four documented children: | |||
| He married Jean, heiress of the Isles of Bute and Arran, daughter of James Mac Angus (d.1210) (who, with his father and brothers, was killed by the men of Skye), son of ], Lord of Bute & Arran (younger son of ], King of the South Isles). By his wife he had the following issue:<ref>Sir James Balfour Paul. ''The Scots Peerage'': founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's, The Peerage of Scotland, (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas, 1904), vol. 1, p. 13.</ref><ref>Mosley, Charles, editor, ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage'', 107th ed., 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books, Ltd., 2003), vol. 1, p. 449.</ref> | |||
| *].<ref name = Barrow/><ref name = Paul/> | |||
| * ] (c. 1260–1309), eldest son and heir; grandfather of King ], the first Stewart ], and thus direct male ancestor of all seven subsequent ] until ] (1542-1587) - who married ] (1545-1567) (a male descendant of the 5th High Steward's younger brother Sir ] (d.1298), founder of the Bonkyll line (see below)) by whom she had issue King James I & VI of England and Scotland, ancestor of the post-Tudor monarchs of England and Scotland, later ], finally of the ]. | |||
| *Sir ] of ].<ref name = Paul/> | |||
| * Sir ] (d. 22 July 1298), 2nd son, who married Margaret de Bonkyll, the heiress of ] in Berwickshire, by whom he had seven sons and one daughter, thus founding the line of "Stewart of Bonkyll". He was the male line ancestor of ], who by his wife Mary Queen of Scots (1542-1587), the heiress of the senior royal Stewart line descended from ] (c. 1260–1309) (see above), was the father of King ] of Scotland and England. He was killed in 1298 at the ].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paul |first1=James Balfour |title=The Scottish Peerage |date=1904 |page=169}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bunkle Castle |url=http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/SM2407 |website=Historic Environment Scotland}}</ref> | |||
| *Elizabeth Stewart, who married ].<ref name = Paul/> | |||
| *Hawise Stewart, who married ] (died 1310), who was the ] and the brother of the ].<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Cokayne |editor1-first=GE |editor1-link=George Edward Cokayne |editor2-last=Gibbs |editor2-first=V |editor2-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) |editor3-last=Doubleday |editor3-first=HA |editor4-last=Howard de Walden |year=1932 |title=] |volume=8 |publisher=The St Catherine Press |publication-place=London}}</ref> | *Hawise Stewart, who married ].<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Cokayne |editor1-first=GE |editor1-link=George Edward Cokayne |editor2-last=Gibbs |editor2-first=V |editor2-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) |editor3-last=Doubleday |editor3-first=HA |editor4-last=Howard de Walden |year=1932 |title=] |volume=8 |publisher=The St Catherine Press |publication-place=London}}</ref> | ||
| ==Further reading== | |||
| ⚫ | *], 1722. Vol.1,p. 48; and appendix, page 149. | ||
| ⚫ | *Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii. | ||
| ⚫ | *Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. 200. | ||
| ⚫ | *Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., ''The Rise of the Stewarts'', London, 1935, pp. 13–14. | ||
| ⚫ | *The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, ''The Jacobite Peerage'' &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. 8n. Agnatic ancestor of British kings. | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 44: | Line 38: | ||
| *{{cite journal |last=MacEwen |first=ABW |year=2011 |title=The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309) |journal=Foundations |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=391–398 |ref=M1 }} | *{{cite journal |last=MacEwen |first=ABW |year=2011 |title=The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309) |journal=Foundations |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=391–398 |ref=M1 }} | ||
| *{{cite book |last=Sellar |first=WDH |author-link=David Sellar |year=2000 |chapter=Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316 |editor1-last=Cowan |editor1-first=EJ |editor1-link=Edward J. Cowan |editor2-last=McDonald |editor2-first=RA |title=Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages |publisher=Tuckwell Press |publication-place=East Linton |pages=187–218 |isbn=1-86232-151-5 |ref=S1 }} | *{{cite book |last=Sellar |first=WDH |author-link=David Sellar |year=2000 |chapter=Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316 |editor1-last=Cowan |editor1-first=EJ |editor1-link=Edward J. Cowan |editor2-last=McDonald |editor2-first=RA |title=Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages |publisher=Tuckwell Press |publication-place=East Linton |pages=187–218 |isbn=1-86232-151-5 |ref=S1 }} | ||
| ⚫ | *], 1722. Vol.1,p. 48; and appendix, page 149. | ||
| ⚫ | *Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, ''The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants'' &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii. | ||
| ⚫ | *Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. 200. | ||
| ⚫ | *Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., ''The Rise of the Stewarts'', London, 1935, pp. 13–14. | ||
| ⚫ | *The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, ''The Jacobite Peerage'' &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. 8n. Agnatic ancestor of British kings. | ||
| {{s-start}} | {{s-start}} | ||
Revision as of 15:16, 19 September 2022
High Steward of Scotland
| Alexander Stewart | |
|---|---|
| 4th High Steward of Scotland | |
 Coat of arms of Stewart, High Stewards of Scotland: Or, a fess chequy argent and azure. The fess is an allusion to the chequered tablecloth used by the High Steward in the Court of Exchequer for counting money | |
| Tenure | 1246–1283 |
| Predecessor | Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland |
| Successor | James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland |
| Died | 1283 |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Parents | Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland |
Alexander Stewart (about 1220-1282), known as Alexander of Dundonald, was a Scottish magnate who in 1241 succeeded his father as hereditary High Steward of Scotland.
Origins
He was the son of Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland and his wife, said to be Bethóc or Beatrix, a daughter of Gille Críst, Earl of Angus.
Career
He apparenty fought on the Seventh Crusade under King Louis IX of France, during which his younger brother John was killed at Damietta in Egypt in 1249. He also seems to have made a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in Spain and in honour of the saint baptised his eldest surviving son James, a name rare before then in Scotland. In 1255 he appears as one of the Regents of Scotland during the minority of King Alexander III. He seems to have commanded the right wing of the armed force which, at Largs in October 1263, successfully defended Scotland against attempted invasion by King Haakon IV of Norway. It appears to have been in his time that the Stewarts acquired the lordship of the Cowal peninsula, with their castle at Dunoon. He is recorded as playing a prominent part in affairs during the reign of Alexander, being referred to as senescallus Scotie (steward of Scotland) instead of the older dapifer regis Scotie (steward of the king of Scotland), so indicating that he held a major office of state that was significant nationally rather than just being a courtier in the royal household.
He died in 1282, and was succeeded by his son James.
Family
His wife is said to have been named Jean, and they had four documented children:
- James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland.
- Sir John Stewart of Bonkyll.
- Elizabeth Stewart, who married Sir William Douglas the Hardy.
- Hawise Stewart, who married John de Soulis.
References
- ^ G. W. S. Barrow (23 September 2004), "Stewart family (c. 1110–c. 1350)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, retrieved 12 September 2022
- ^ Sir James Balfour Paul, ed. (1904), The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh, p. 13, retrieved 12 September 2022
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Cokayne, GE; Gibbs, V; Doubleday, HA; Howard de Walden, eds. (1932). The Complete Peerage. Vol. 8. London: The St Catherine Press.
Bibliography
- Lauder-Frost, Gregory, F.S.A.Scot., "East Anglian Stewarts" in The Scottish Genealogist, Dec.2004, vol.LI, no.4., pps:151-161. ISSN 0330-337X Parameter error in {{issn}}: Invalid ISSN.
- MacEwen, ABW (2011). "The Wives of Sir James the Steward (d.1309)". Foundations. 3 (5): 391–398.
- Sellar, WDH (2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218. ISBN 1-86232-151-5.
- Nisbet, Alexander, 1722. Vol.1,p. 48; and appendix, page 149.
- Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and Their Descendants &c., volume 2, London, 1851, p. xlii.
- Anderson, William, "The Scottish Nation", Edinburgh, 1867, vol.vii, p. 200.
- Mackenzie, A. M., MA., D.Litt., The Rise of the Stewarts, London, 1935, pp. 13–14.
- The Marquis de Ruvigny & Raineval, The Jacobite Peerage &c., London & Edinburgh (1904), 1974 reprint, p. 8n. Agnatic ancestor of British kings.
| Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland House of StewartBorn: 1214 Died: 1283 | ||
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byWalter Stewart | High Steward of Scotland 1246–1283 |
Succeeded byJames Stewart |