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Revision as of 11:52, 24 January 2023 editRwendland (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers30,186 edits RUSI: origins are obscure, WashPost: other types of drone were used in Saudi attack← Previous edit Revision as of 17:25, 16 February 2023 edit undoHerreshoffian (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users4,603 edits →Operational history: Iran and the 2022 Russian invasion of UkraineNext edit →
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It has been alleged the drone was first seen in the Arabian Peninsula when it was used to attack Saudi targets by the ].<ref name="#D600e"/> However '']'' reported that other types of drone were used in that attack.<ref name=wp-20221020>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/10/20/russia-iran-kamikaze-drones/ |title=U.S. has viewed wreckage of kamikaze drones Russia used in Ukraine |last1=Harris |first1=Shane |last2=Lamothe |first2=Dan |last3=Horton |first3=Alex |last4=DeYoung |first4=Karen |newspaper=Washington Post |date=20 October 2022 |access-date=25 October 2022 |quote=The Houthis claimed to have used Samad-3 drones to attack a refinery in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, last spring, and launched Samad-1 drones at Saudi Aramco facilities in other parts of the country. Those drones are distinct from the weapons used by Russia in Ukraine.}}</ref> It has been alleged the drone was first seen in the Arabian Peninsula when it was used to attack Saudi targets by the ].<ref name="#D600e"/> However '']'' reported that other types of drone were used in that attack.<ref name=wp-20221020>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/10/20/russia-iran-kamikaze-drones/ |title=U.S. has viewed wreckage of kamikaze drones Russia used in Ukraine |last1=Harris |first1=Shane |last2=Lamothe |first2=Dan |last3=Horton |first3=Alex |last4=DeYoung |first4=Karen |newspaper=Washington Post |date=20 October 2022 |access-date=25 October 2022 |quote=The Houthis claimed to have used Samad-3 drones to attack a refinery in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, last spring, and launched Samad-1 drones at Saudi Aramco facilities in other parts of the country. Those drones are distinct from the weapons used by Russia in Ukraine.}}</ref>


{{See also|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}} {{See also|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Iran and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
It was used in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,<ref name="#D600b"/> under a Russian name Geran-1.<ref name="#D600a"/> It was used in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,<ref name="#D600b"/> under a Russian name Geran-1.<ref name="#D600a"/>


Revision as of 17:25, 16 February 2023

Iranian-made drone Not to be confused with HESA Shahed 136.
Shahed 131
File:Shahed 131 - Recovered fuselage front view.jpgA Shahed-131 recovered in Ukraine
TypeLoitering munition
Place of origin Iran
Service history
Used by Iran
 Russia (as Geran-1)
Production history
DesignerShahed Aviation Industries
Specifications
Mass135 kg (298 lb)
Wingspan2.2 m (7.2 ft)
Warhead weight15 kilograms (33 lb)
Operational
range		900 km (559 mi)
Guidance
system		GNSS, INS

The Shahed 131, or Geran-1 in Russian service, is an Iranian-made drone which came to prominence in October 2022 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It is powered by a Wankel engine model Shahed-783/788. Janes created an in-depth technical summary of the machine. Its warhead weighs 15 kg and its launch range is 900 km.

Overview

The Shahed-131 is powered by the Serat-1 Wankel engine, which is a copy of the Beijing Micropilot UAV Control System Ltd MDR-208 Wankel engine. An engine of this type was used for the drone in the 2019 Aramco attack in Abqaiq, which was referred to the UN Secretariat as part of the Resolution 2231 2020 investigations.

The Shahed-131 flight control unit was found to be able to connect with Iridium satellites, which in theory allows the flight path to be altered mid flight. The flight controller has a backup inertial navigation system by MEMS gyroscope. Its primary instructions are derived from a commercial-grade GPS unit.

Designs for the Kentron ARD-10 loitering drone were sold to Iran Aviation Industries Organization in 2004/5 and used by Shahed Aviation Industries to develop the Shahed 131 and Shahed 136 drones, according to Air Forces Monthly magazine. However a Royal United Services Institute article states the origins of the Shahed 131 are obscure.

Operational history

See also: Abqaiq–Khurais attack

It has been alleged the drone was first seen in the Arabian Peninsula when it was used to attack Saudi targets by the Houthi rebels. However The Washington Post reported that other types of drone were used in that attack.

See also: 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and Iran and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

It was used in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, under a Russian name Geran-1.

See also

References

  1. ^ "A "Younger" Version Geran-1 (Shahed-131) Kamikaze Drone Spotted After Night Attack From Crimea | Defense Express". en.defence-ua.com. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  2. ^ "Russians began to use Shahed-131 kamikaze drones". mil.in.ua. 13 October 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  3. ^ Binnie, Jeremy (29 September 2022). "Ukraine conflict: Details of Iranian attack UAV released". Janes. IHS. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  4. "Russia's Iranian Shahed-131 Drones Have US-Made Components". www.uasvision.com. Retrieved Jan 14, 2023.
  5. ^ "Iranian Missiles Threaten To Boost Russia's Deadly Air Campaign In Ukraine". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty.
  6. Kossov, Igor (October 24, 2022). "How Russia uses Iranian drones to try to overwhelm Ukraine's air defense". The Kyiv Independent.
  7. ^ Panasovskyi, Maksim. "The AFU captured a kamikaze drone Shahed-131 - a smaller version of Shahed-136, weighing 135 kg, warhead weighing 15 kg and a launch range of 900 km". gagadget.com.
  8. ^ Russia’s Iranian-Made UAVs: A Technical Profile. Royal United Services Institute. 13 January 2023.
  9. "Takeaways from Iranian National Aerospace Exhibition 2014". www.uskowioniran.com. 25 November 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  10. ^ Mehdi H. (19 December 2019). "New pictures by @Reuters from US report to @UN Security Council on the UAV used for Aramco attack in Abqaiq. Shows its engine & vertical gyro compared to the ones from Iranian Shahed-123 UAV and a far picture of that delta wing UAV in an IRGC exhibition. https://t.co/kJrMtb7goz" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022 – via Twitter.
  11. "An Advanced Radio Communication Device on American Processors Found in the Shahed-136". Defense Express. Kyiv. 6 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  12. ^ "Не тільки Shahed-136, з'явилось детальне дослідження ще одного іранського дрона камікадзе, який використовує РФ" [Not only Shahed-136, a detailed study of another Iranian kamikaze drone used by the Russian Federation has appeared]. Defense Express (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
  13. "South African heritage". Air Forces Monthly. Key Publishing Ltd. December 2022. p. 23.
  14. Harris, Shane; Lamothe, Dan; Horton, Alex; DeYoung, Karen (20 October 2022). "U.S. has viewed wreckage of kamikaze drones Russia used in Ukraine". Washington Post. Retrieved 25 October 2022. The Houthis claimed to have used Samad-3 drones to attack a refinery in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, last spring, and launched Samad-1 drones at Saudi Aramco facilities in other parts of the country. Those drones are distinct from the weapons used by Russia in Ukraine.

External link

[REDACTED] Media related to Shahed 131 at Wikimedia Commons

Shahed aircraft
Helicopters
Drones
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