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The '''siege of Kotor Varoš''' took place during the Bosnian War in 1992. ] is a town located in ]. The conflict involved ],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Urednik |date=2023-04-04 |title=Savanović osudio obilježavanje godišnjice osnivanja HVO u Kotor Varošu, policija tvrdi da skup nije bio najavljen - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin |url=https://www.glaskotorvarosa.com/savanovic-osudio-obiljezavanje-godisnjice-osnivanja-hvo-u-kotor-varosu-policija-tvrdi-da-skup-nije-bio-najavljen/ |access-date=2024-07-08 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> ] and ] against ]. Kotor Varoš was surrounded by the ]. At the beginning of the main battles for ] ] and ] from ] got big help from ] soldiers. After the fall of ], the ] in south almost 2 months later ended its ], capturing ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Urednik |date=2020-06-16 |title=СЈЕЋAЊЕ НА ЈУНАКЕ КОТОРВАРОШКОГ КРАЈА: РАДОВАН БЕРАК (1960 – 1992.) - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin |url=https://www.glaskotorvarosa.com/%d1%81%d1%98%d0%b5%d1%9ba%d1%9a%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%98%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%b5-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d1%88%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%98%d0%b0-2/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> The '''Siege of Kotor Varoš''' took place during the ] and lasted from May to August 1992. The conflict involved the ] (HVO),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Urednik |date=2023-04-04 |title=Savanović osudio obilježavanje godišnjice osnivanja HVO u Kotor Varošu, policija tvrdi da skup nije bio najavljen - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin |url=https://www.glaskotorvarosa.com/savanovic-osudio-obiljezavanje-godisnjice-osnivanja-hvo-u-kotor-varosu-policija-tvrdi-da-skup-nije-bio-najavljen/ |access-date=2024-07-08 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> ] (HOS) and the ] on one side, against the ] (VRS), in the village of ]. Kotor Varoš was surrounded by the VRS and heavy fighting took place throughout the summer of 1992, ending with the fall of the village and capture of ] by the VRS following ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Urednik |date=2020-06-16 |title=СЈЕЋAЊЕ НА ЈУНАКЕ КОТОРВАРОШКОГ КРАЈА: РАДОВАН БЕРАК (1960 – 1992.) - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin |url=https://www.glaskotorvarosa.com/%d1%81%d1%98%d0%b5%d1%9ba%d1%9a%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%98%d1%83%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%b5-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%be%d1%88%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%98%d0%b0-2/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref>


== Timeline == == Timeline ==
In May the ] launched a major offensive to seize control of areas with significant Croat and Bosniak populations. The town of ] became a strategic target. In June 11–12,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRkUzNhkMb4 |title=Banja Luka, Kotor Varoš 1992 |date=2015-12-10 |last=90sWarVideos |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref> Initial ] attacks on ] and ] aimed at gaining control of ] and surrounding villages. The ] and local Bosniak forces attempted to defend the area but faced overwhelming ] strength. On June 24, 1992, Heavy fighting occurred around ] as ] forces intensified their offensive.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba |url=https://veterani.ba/naslovna/2024/06/25-06-1992-sukobi-armije-rbih-i-vojske-rs-u-kotor-varosi/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> Reports indicate significant casualties and destruction of property. In June ] also started ],<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.ba/books/edition/Balkan_Battlegrounds/uGM1MrB981IC?hl=sr&gbpv=1&dq=balkan+battlegrounds:+a+military+history+of+the+yugoslav+conflict&printsec=frontcover |title=Balkan Battlegrounds: A Military History of the Yugoslav Conflict, 1990-1995 |date=2002 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Russian and European Analysis |isbn=978-0-16-066472-4 |page=329 |language=en}}</ref> attacking the nearby town of ]. In July, clashes continued with the ] gradually gaining control over ].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_-T4C3f1HQ |title=NENAD STEVANDIC, Kotor Varos '92 |date=2023-07-22 |last=Vahidin Delic |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref> The ] and ] were pushed back, and many civilians fled or were displaced. By mid-August, the ] had established control over ] and surrounding areas. There were also smaller rebel fights around ] in September, but they were resolved by an agreement that the remaining Croatian and Muslim forces would leave the area.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JN8VgbCDC74 |title=Предаја ХВО-а и тзв. АРБиХ - Котор Варош 1992. |date=2017-11-19 |last=дебељача1 |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba |url=https://veterani.ba/naslovna/2024/06/25-06-1992-sukobi-armije-rbih-i-vojske-rs-u-kotor-varosi/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> In May, the ] (VRS) launched a major offensive to seize control of areas with significant Croat and Bosniak populations. The town of ] became a strategic target. On June 11–12,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRkUzNhkMb4 |title=Banja Luka, Kotor Varoš 1992 |date=2015-12-10 |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref> initial VRS attacks on the ] (HVO) and ] (HOS) aimed at gaining control of Kotor Varoš and surrounding villages. The HVO and local Bosniak forces attempted to defend the area but faced overwhelming VRS strength. On June 24, 1992, Heavy fighting occurred around Kotor Varoš as VRS forces intensified their offensive.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba |url=https://veterani.ba/naslovna/2024/06/25-06-1992-sukobi-armije-rbih-i-vojske-rs-u-kotor-varosi/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> Reports indicated that there were significant casualties and destruction of property. In June the VRS also started ],<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.ba/books/edition/Balkan_Battlegrounds/uGM1MrB981IC?hl=sr&gbpv=1&dq=balkan+battlegrounds:+a+military+history+of+the+yugoslav+conflict&printsec=frontcover |title=Balkan Battlegrounds: A Military History of the Yugoslav Conflict, 1990-1995 |date=2002 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Russian and European Analysis |isbn=978-0-16-066472-4 |page=329 |language=en}}</ref> attacking the nearby town of ]. In July, clashes continued with the VRS gradually gaining control over Kotor Varoš.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_-T4C3f1HQ |title=NENAD STEVANDIC, Kotor Varos '92 |date=2023-07-22 |author=Vahidin Delic |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref> The HVO and ] (ARBiH) were pushed back, and many civilians fled or were displaced. By mid-August, the VRS had established control over Kotor Varoš and surrounding areas. There were also smaller rebel fights around the village in September, but they were resolved by an agreement that the remaining Croatian and Muslim forces would leave the area.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JN8VgbCDC74 |title=Предаја ХВО-а и тзв. АРБиХ - Котор Варош 1992. |date=2017-11-19 |access-date=2024-07-03 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba |url=https://veterani.ba/naslovna/2024/06/25-06-1992-sukobi-armije-rbih-i-vojske-rs-u-kotor-varosi/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |language=bs-BA}}</ref>


== Aftermath == == Aftermath ==
The battle resulted in significant destruction and displacement of the civilian population. Reports of atrocities and ethnic cleansing emerged, with many non-Serb residents being expelled or killed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=B |first=Ante |date=2018-06-12 |title=12. lipnja 1992. Kotor Varoš – zašto Hrvati malo znaju o ovom velikom srpskom zločinu? |url=https://kamenjar.com/12-lipnja-1992-kotor-varos-zasto-hrvati-malo-znaju-o-ovom-velikom-srpskom-zlocinu/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Kamenjar |language=hr}}</ref> But even when ] was under Croatian control, there were crimes against Serbs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=d.o.o |first=Promotim |title=Kotor Varoš ili da li su muslimani 1992. srpske policajce pekli? |url=https://www.frontal.ba/blogovi/blog/61338 |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=www.frontal.ba |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dizdar |first=Mehmed |date=2009-04-08 |title=Zarobljenike tukli pripadnici HVO |url=https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/hronika/hronika_vijesti/zarobljenike-tukli-pripadnici-hvo/20321 |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Glas Srpske |language=sr}}</ref> One example was ]. The capture of ] by the ] solidified their control over a strategically important area in northern ]. The aftermath of the battle left deep scars on the Muslim and Croat community. The battle resulted in significant destruction and displacement of the civilian population. Reports of atrocities and ethnic cleansing emerged, with many non-Serb residents being expelled or killed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=B |first=Ante |date=2018-06-12 |title=12. lipnja 1992. Kotor Varoš – zašto Hrvati malo znaju o ovom velikom srpskom zločinu? |url=https://kamenjar.com/12-lipnja-1992-kotor-varos-zasto-hrvati-malo-znaju-o-ovom-velikom-srpskom-zlocinu/ |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=Kamenjar |language=hr}}</ref> When Kotor Varoš was under Croatian control, there were also crimes against Serbs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=d.o.o |first=Promotim |title=Kotor Varoš ili da li su muslimani 1992. srpske policajce pekli? |url=https://www.frontal.ba/blogovi/blog/61338 |access-date=2024-07-03 |website=www.frontal.ba |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dizdar |first=Mehmed |date=2009-04-08 |title=Zarobljenike tukli pripadnici HVO |url=https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/hronika/hronika_vijesti/zarobljenike-tukli-pripadnici-hvo/20321 |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Glas Srpske |language=sr}}</ref> One such example was the ]. The capture of Kotor Varoš by the VRS solidified their control over a strategically important area in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aftermath of the battle left deep scars on the Muslim and Croat community.


==References== ==References==

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Siege of Kotor Varoš
Part of the Bosnian War
File:HVO soldiers leave Kotor Varoš.png
HVO and ARBiH soldiers leave Kotor Varoš
DateMay 1992 – August 1992
LocationKotor Varoš, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Result

Republika Srpska victory

Belligerents
 Republika Srpska Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Herzeg-Bosnia
Commanders and leaders
Republika Srpska Stanislav Galić
Republika Srpska Dragan Marčetić		 Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Tihomir Blaškić
Bosnia and Herzegovina Muhamed Sadiković
Units involved
Army of Republika Srpska Croatian Defence Council
Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatian Defence Forces

The Siege of Kotor Varoš took place during the Bosnian War and lasted from May to August 1992. The conflict involved the Croatian Defence Council (HVO), Croatian Defence Forces (HOS) and the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina on one side, against the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS), in the village of Kotor Varoš. Kotor Varoš was surrounded by the VRS and heavy fighting took place throughout the summer of 1992, ending with the fall of the village and capture of Jajce by the VRS following Operation Vrbas '92.

Timeline

In May, the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) launched a major offensive to seize control of areas with significant Croat and Bosniak populations. The town of Kotor Varoš became a strategic target. On June 11–12, initial VRS attacks on the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and Croatian Defence Forces (HOS) aimed at gaining control of Kotor Varoš and surrounding villages. The HVO and local Bosniak forces attempted to defend the area but faced overwhelming VRS strength. On June 24, 1992, Heavy fighting occurred around Kotor Varoš as VRS forces intensified their offensive. Reports indicated that there were significant casualties and destruction of property. In June the VRS also started Operation Vrbas '92, attacking the nearby town of Jajce. In July, clashes continued with the VRS gradually gaining control over Kotor Varoš. The HVO and Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) were pushed back, and many civilians fled or were displaced. By mid-August, the VRS had established control over Kotor Varoš and surrounding areas. There were also smaller rebel fights around the village in September, but they were resolved by an agreement that the remaining Croatian and Muslim forces would leave the area.

Aftermath

The battle resulted in significant destruction and displacement of the civilian population. Reports of atrocities and ethnic cleansing emerged, with many non-Serb residents being expelled or killed. When Kotor Varoš was under Croatian control, there were also crimes against Serbs. One such example was the Serdari massacre. The capture of Kotor Varoš by the VRS solidified their control over a strategically important area in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aftermath of the battle left deep scars on the Muslim and Croat community.

References

  1. Urednik (2023-04-04). "Savanović osudio obilježavanje godišnjice osnivanja HVO u Kotor Varošu, policija tvrdi da skup nije bio najavljen - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin" (in Bosnian). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  2. Urednik (2020-06-16). "СЈЕЋAЊЕ НА ЈУНАКЕ КОТОРВАРОШКОГ КРАЈА: РАДОВАН БЕРАК (1960 – 1992.) - Kotor Varoš - Glas Kotor Varoša - Nezavisni online magazin" (in Bosnian). Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  3. Banja Luka, Kotor Varoš 1992. 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2024-07-03 – via YouTube.
  4. "25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba" (in Bosnian). 2024-06-25. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  5. Balkan Battlegrounds: A Military History of the Yugoslav Conflict, 1990-1995. Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Russian and European Analysis. 2002. p. 329. ISBN 978-0-16-066472-4.
  6. Vahidin Delic (2023-07-22). NENAD STEVANDIC, Kotor Varos '92. Retrieved 2024-07-03 – via YouTube.
  7. Предаја ХВО-а и тзв. АРБиХ - Котор Варош 1992. 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2024-07-03 – via YouTube.
  8. "25.06.1992. – Sukobi Armije RBiH i Vojske RS u Kotor Varoši – www.veterani.ba" (in Bosnian). 2024-06-25. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  9. B, Ante (2018-06-12). "12. lipnja 1992. Kotor Varoš – zašto Hrvati malo znaju o ovom velikom srpskom zločinu?". Kamenjar (in Croatian). Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  10. d.o.o, Promotim. "Kotor Varoš ili da li su muslimani 1992. srpske policajce pekli?". www.frontal.ba. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  11. Dizdar, Mehmed (2009-04-08). "Zarobljenike tukli pripadnici HVO". Glas Srpske (in Serbian). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
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