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Revision as of 15:53, 16 June 2024 editDrbogdan (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers90,434 edits →2021 – Perseverance rover (Mars 2020): add => File:PIA26333-MarsPerseveranceRover-MountWashburn-Crop-20240527.jpg |thumb|center|800px|Panorama of ''Perseverance'' viewing Mount Washburn - and a "bright and white" anorthosite rock named "Atoco Point". (May 27, 2024)]]← Previous edit Revision as of 11:04, 25 July 2024 edit undoWarrenmck (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,136 edits WP:TNT per MOS:LIST. Entire article condensed to a list of significant rocks on Mars, rather than every single rock ever named by a rover with images of all of them. Article was a complete mess, should be much more utilitarian now.Tag: ReplacedNext edit →
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{{short description|Alphabetical list of named rocks and meteorites found on Mars}} {{short description|Alphabetical list of named rocks and meteorites found on Mars}}
{{redirect|Martian rocks|Martian meteorites found on Earth|List of Martian meteorites}} {{redirect|Martian rocks|Martian meteorites found on Earth|List of Martian meteorites}}
Martian rocks and ] have been studied ''in-situ'' by various ] and ]. While many of the rocks identified on the Martian surface are similar to each other, some have been considered scientifically important or otherwise notable and have been subjected to more extensive study or public interest.
This is an alphabetical list of named rocks (and ]s) found on ], by mission. This list is a sampling of rocks viewed, and is not an exhaustive listing. A more complete listing may be found on the various NASA mission web sites. This listing does ''not'' include ].


Names for Mars ] are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the ]'s official ] declares that objects smaller than {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} are not to be given official names. Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees. The name ''Jazzy'', for example, was taken from a girl named Jazzy who grew up in Grand Junction, Colorado, USA. Her father worked for NASA and contributed to the findings and naming of the rocks. Names for Mars ] are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the ]'s official ] declares that objects smaller than {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} are not to be given official names.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why – and How – NASA Gives a Name to Every Spot It Studies on Mars |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/why-and-how-nasa-gives-a-name-to-every-spot-it-studies-on-mars |website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)}}</ref> Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion among researchers. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees.{{citation needed}}
{{Clear}}
{{Features and artificial objects on Mars}}
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{{clear}}
{{MarsRocks}}


== 1976 – Viking program: ''Viking 1'' and ''Viking 2'' landers ==
{{see also|Viking program}} {{anchor|Viking}}


'''] (] 1997):'''
''''']'' Lander – July 20, 1976; ''Last Earth Contact'' – November 13, 1982.'''<ref name="NASA-20061218">{{cite web |last=Williams |first=David R. Dr. |title=Viking Mission to Mars|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/viking.html |date=December 18, 2006 |work=]|access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><ref name="NASA-Viking1">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Viking 1 |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/viking-1/ |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''Viking 1'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|1976|07|20|1982|11|13}} ] ({{age in days|1976|07|20|1982|11|13}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|20 Jul 1976|13 Nov 1982}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|22.48|N|49.97|W|globe:Mars|name=Viking 1 lander}}<ref name="NASA-20061218" /><br />
{{cmn|colwidth=18em|
* Bashful
* Big Joe
* Delta
* Dopey
* Grumpy
* Metate 1
* Metate 2
* Midas Muffler
* Patch
* Sleepy
* Sponge
* Whale
}}

''''']'' Lander – September 3, 1976; ''Last Earth Contact'' – April 11, 1980.'''<ref name="NASA-20061218" /><ref name="NASA-Viking2">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Viking 2 |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/viking-2/ |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''Viking 2'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|1976|09|03|1980|04|11}} ] ({{age in days|1976|09|03|1980|04|11}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|03 Sep 1976|11 Apr 1980}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|47.97|N|225.74|W|globe:Mars|name=Viking 2 lander}}<ref name="NASA-20061218" /><br />
''<small>(] - and and + .)</small>''
{{cmn|colwidth=18em|
* Bonneville
* Centaur
* Doc
* Happy
* Icl
* Mr. Badger
* Mr. Mole
* Mr. Rat
* Mr. Toad
* Notch
* Other
* Plymouth
* Sneezy
* Snow White
* Titan
}}
<gallery>
File:MarsViking1Lander-BigJoeRock-19780211.jpg|Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '']'' Lander (February 11, 1978).
File:Mars Viking 11h016.png|Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '']'' Lander (February 11, 1978).
File:PIA00572-MarsRock-BigJoe-19970228.jpg|Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '']'' Lander.
File:PIA00563-Viking1-FirstColorImage-19760721.jpg|Rocks on Mars – viewed by the ''Viking 1'' Lander (July 21, 1976).
File:First Color Image of the Viking Lander 2 Site.jpg|Rocks on Mars – viewed by the '']'' Lander (September 5, 1976).
File:Vl2 22g144-MarsViking2-19770925.gif|Rocks on Mars – viewed by the ''Viking 2'' Lander (September 25, 1977).
</gallery>
{{Wide image|Mars_Viking_12a001.png|800px|Panorama of rocks near the '']'' Lander (July 20, 1976) - First "clear" image ever transmitted from the surface of Mars.}}
{{Wide image|PIA00391-Viking1Lander-19760723.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the '']'' Lander (July 23, 1976).}}
{{Wide image|Panorama-VikingLander2-1-1976.jpg |800px|Panorama of rocks near the '']'' Lander (1976).}}
{{clear}}

== 1997 – ''Sojourner'' rover (Mars Pathfinder) ==
{{see also|Mars Pathfinder}}

'''] – July 4, 1997; ''Last Earth Contact'' – September 27, 1997.'''<ref name="NASA-Sojourner">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Mars Pathfinder / Sojourner Rover |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/details.php?id=5913 |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''Sojourner'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|1997|07|04|1997|10|07}} ] ({{age in days|1997|07|04|1997|10|07}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|04 Jul 1997|07 Oct 1997}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|19|7|48|N|33|13|12|W|globe:Mars|name=Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder)}}<br />
''<small>(] - and and and and + .)</small>''
{{div col|colwidth=11em}}
* Anthill
* Auto
* Baby Otter
* Bama
* Bambam
* ] * ]
* Barsoom
* Basket
* Bebob
* Blackhawk
* Book Shelf
* Booboo
* Bosco
* Boyle
* Brak
* Brick
* Broken Wall
* Bug
* Bullwinkle
* Bunky
* Cabbage Patch
* Calvin
* Cardiac Hill
* Casper
* Chimp
* Clumk
* Contour
* Couch
* Cradle
* Darth Vader
* Desert Princess
* Dilbert
* Dilbert's Boss
* Dogbert
* Dragon
* Duck
* Elvis
* Ender
* Flat Top
* Flipper
* Flute Top
* Frog
* Froggy
* Garfield
* Garibaldi
* Garrak
* Geordi
* Ginger
* Goldilocks
* Goose
* Gosling
* Grandma
* Grizzly
* Grommit
* Gumby
* Half Dome
* Hamster
* Hardstop
* Hassock
* Hedgehog
* Hero
* Hippo
* Hobbs
* Homer
* Hoppy
* Iggie
* Iguana
* Indiana Jones
* Jailhouse
* Janeway
* Jazzy
* Jedi
* Jimmy Cricket
* Kitten
* Lamb
* Landon
* Little Flat Top
* Longhorn
* Lookout
* Lozenge
* Lumpy
* Lunchbox
* Mafalda
* Marvin the Martian
* Matterhorn
* Mesa
* Mini
* Mint Julep
* Moe
* Mohawk
* Mouse
* Mr. Mole
* Nibbles
* Nigel
* Obelisk
* Otter
* Pancake
* Paz
* Penguin
* Picnic
* Piglet
* Pinky
* Pinocchio
* Piper
* Platypus
* Pokey
* Poohbear
* Poptart
* Potato
* Pumpkin
* Pyramid
* Pyramid Point
* Ratbert
* Ren
* Rocky
* Rolling Stone
* Rye Bread
* Sandworm
* Sardine
* Sassafras
* Scooby Doo
* Scout
* Seawolf
* Shaggy
* Shark
* Simba
* Sisyphus
* Smidgen
* Snoopy
* Snowy
* Snukums
* Souffle
* Squash
* Squeeze
* Space Ghost
* Spock
* Spud
* Stack
* Stimpy
* Stripe
* Stump
* Sulu
* T. Rex
* The Dice
* Tick
* Tigger
* Titus
* Torres
* Troll
* Trooper
* Turtle
* Tweak
* Valentine
* Warthog
* Wedge
* Woodie
* ]
* Zaphod
* Zorak
* Zucchini
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
File:PIA01238.jpg|Rover Map of ''Sojourner's'' route on Mars (Sol 83, 1997) ().
File:Sojourner and Barnacle Bill.jpg|] rock on Mars – near the ''Sojourner'' rover.
File:PIA00819left-MarsRock-BarnacleBill.gif|Barnacle Bill rock on Mars - viewed by the ''Sojourner'' rover.
File:Yogi Rock.jpg|] rock (circled) on Mars – near the ''Sojourner'' rover.
File:Pathfinder01.jpg|Yogi rock on Mars – analyzed by the ''Sojourner'' rover.
File:NASA-MarsRock-Yogi-SuperRes.jpg|Yogi rock on Mars - viewed by the ''Sojourner'' rover.
</gallery>
{{Wide image|MarsPathfinder-RockNames-1997.jpg |800px|Panorama of rocks near the ''Sojourner'' rover (July 10, 1997).}}
{{Wide image|PIA01153.jpg |800px|Panorama of rocks near the ''Sojourner'' rover (December 5, 1997).}}
{{clear}}

== 2004 – ''Spirit'' rover (MER-A) ==
{{see also|Mars Exploration Rover}}


'''] (], 2004 – 2010):'''
'''] – January 4, 2004; ''Last Earth Contact'' – May 25, 2011.'''<ref name="NASA-Spirit">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Mars Exploration Rover - Spirit |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/details.php?id=5917 |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''Spirit'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|2004|01|04|2010|03|22}} ] ({{age in days|2004|01|24|2010|03|22}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|04 Jan 2004|22 Mar 2010}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|14.5684|S|175.472636|E|globe:Mars|name=Spirit rover}}<ref name="Esri-Mapping">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=Mapping the Mars Rovers' Landing Sites |url=http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/0404/mapmars3of3.html |work=] |access-date=May 4, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''<small>(] - and + .)</small>''
{{div col|colwidth=11em}}
* Aboa
* ] * ]
* Allan Hills (]) * ]
* Arctowski
* Belgrand
* Bread-Basket
* Casey Station
* Castilla
* ChanCheng
* Cheyenne
* Clovis
* Coba
* Cobra Hoods
* Concordia
* Davis
* Druzhnaya
* Ebenezer
* El Dorado
* Esperanza
* Faget (geological feature)
* Ferraz
* Garruchaga
* Gueslega
* Halley
* ] (geological feature)
* Humphrey
* Juan Carlos
* Jubany
* King George Island
* Kohnen
* Korolev
* Macquarie
* Magic Carpet
* Marambio
* Mazatzal
* Melchior
* ]
* Molodezhnaya
* Montalva
* Oberth (geological feature)
* O Higgens
* Orcadas
* ] * ]
* Prat
* Primero
* Riquelme
* San Martin
* Sashimi
* Scott Base
* Sejong
* Signy
* Sobral
* Stone Council
* Sushi
* Tetl
* Tor
* Tyrone
* Vernadsky
* Vostok
* Wasa
* White Boat
* Wishstone
* Zhong Shan (])
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
Image:SpiritTraverseMap.jpg|'''Rover Map''' of ''Spirit's'' route on Mars (Sol 1509, April 2, 2008) ( ).
Image:Adirondacksquare.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – viewed by the ].
Image:PIA09089-RA3-hirise-closeup annotated.png|"]" ] on Mars – studied by the ''Spirit'' Rover.
Image:Mars rock Mimi by Spirit rover.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Spirit'' rover.
Image:Pot of gold upclose.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Spirit'' rover.
</gallery>
{{Wide image|PIA01907 fig1-MarsSpirit-200604c.jpg |800px|Panorama of ] near the ] – ] "Winter Haven" ("McMurdo") (August 17, 2006) ( ).}}
{{Wide image|Cratera Gusev.jpg|800px|Panorama of ] near the ''Spirit'' rover – ] (August 5, 2004).}}
{{clear}}


'''] (], 2004 - 2018):'''
== 2004 – ''Opportunity'' rover (MER-B) ==
* ]
{{see also|Mars Exploration Rover}}
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


'''] (], 2012 - present):'''
'''] – January 25, 2004; Last Earth Contact June 10, 2018.'''<ref name="NASA-20190213">{{cite news |last1=Agle |first1=DC |last2=Brown |first2=Dwayne |last3=Wendel |first3=JoAnna |title=NASA's Opportunity Rover Mission on Mars Comes to End |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7334 |date=13 February 2019 |work=] |access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="NASA-Opportunity">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Mars Exploration Rover - Opportunity |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mars-exploration-rover-opportunity-mer/ |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
* ]
''Opportunity'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|2004|01|25|2018|06|10}} ] ({{age in days|2004|01|25|2018|06|10}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|25 Jan 2004|10 Jun 2018}}''</SMALL>).<br />
* ]
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|1.9462|S|354.4734|E|globe:Mars|name=Opportunity rover}}<ref name="Esri-Mapping"/><br />
* ]
''<small>(] - and + .)</small>''
* ]
{{div col|colwidth=14em}}
* ]
* Amboy <!-- Endeavour crater -->
* ]
* Berry Bowl <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Baltra <!-- Beagle crater -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite, sol 1961 between Purgatory and Endeavour crater -->
* "Blueberries" <!-- Eagle crater -->
* ] <!-- between Eagle and Fram -->
* Bylot <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Carousel <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Chapeco
* Cheyenne <!-- etched terrain between Erebus and Beagle -->
* Chocolate Hills <!-- Concepcion crater -->
* Cookies N Cream <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Diamond Jenness <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Earhart <!-- Endurance crater -->
* ] <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Edmund
* Ellesmere <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Escher <!-- Endurance crater -->
* ]<ref name="NYT-20130607">{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=Martian Rock Another Clue to a Once Water-Rich Planet|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/08/science/space/martian-rock-another-clue-to-a-once-water-rich-planet.html|date=7 June 2013 |work=] |access-date=7 June 2013 }}</ref>
* Flatrock <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Florianopolis
* Guadalupe <!-- Eagle crater -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite between Endurance and Purgatory -->
* Homestake ('']'') <!-- Endeavour crater -->
* Igreja
* Ice Cream <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Joacaba
* Jornada del Muerto <!-- Perseverance valley -->
* Joseph McCoy <!-- Beagle crater -->
* Kalavrita <!-- Erebus crater -->
* Kettlestone <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Kirkwood <!-- Endeavour crater -->
* Lamination <!-- Eagle crater -->
* ] <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Lion Stone <!-- Endurance crater -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite, sol 2034 between Purgatory and Endeavour crater -->
* Marquette Island
* McKittrick <!-- Eagle crater -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite between Endurance and Purgatory -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite found before reaching Endeavour crater -->
* Palemop
* Pilbara <!-- Fram crater -->
* ]
* Puffin <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Pyrrho <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Razorback <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Santa Catarina <!-- Victoria Crater -->
* Sarah <!-- ? -->
* Sergeant Charles Floyd <!-- ? -->
* Shark Pellets <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Shark's Tooth <!-- Eagle crater -->
* ] ('']'') <!-- iron meteorite, sol 2022 between Purgatory and Endeavour crater -->
* Shoemaker <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Slick <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Snout <!-- Eagle crater -->
* "Sparkling Spheres" <!-- Meridiani Planum -->
* SpongeBob SquarePants <!-- is the same as Heat Shield Rock -->
* Steffers
* Stone Mountain <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Tennessee <!-- Endurance crater -->
* The Outcrop <!-- ? -->
* Tipuna <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Tubarao
* Videira
* Wave Ripple <!-- Eagle crater -->
* Whitewater River <!-- Endeavour crater -->
* Wopmay <!-- Endurance crater -->
* Xanxer
* Yuri <!-- Vostok crater -->
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
Image:MERB Sol2055 1.jpg|'''Rover Map''' of ''Opportunity's'' route on Mars (Sol 2055, January 24, 2009) ( ).
Image:Block Island.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (July 31, 2009).
Image:Blueberries eagle.gif|"Blueberries" (]) on ] at ] – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (Sol 46 – March, 2004).
Image:PIA16139 Puzzling Little Martian Spheres That Don't Taste Like 'Blueberries'.tif|"Blueberries" at "Kirkwood" near ] – ''Opportunity'' rover (September 6, 2012).
Image:58606main image feature 167 jwfull.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover.
Image:PIA05457 modest.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – studied by the ''Opportunity'' rover.
Image:El Capitan sol27 pancam.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – studied by the ''Opportunity'' rover.
Image:PIA17074-MarsOpportunityRover-EsperanceRock-20130223-fig1.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (February 23, 2013).
Image:PIA07269-Mars Rover Opportunity-Iron Meteorite.jpg|"]" ] (officially, ]) on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (January 6, 2005).
Image:PIA16444-MarsOpportunityRover-HomestakeVein-20121112.jpg|"Homestake" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (November 12, 2012).
Image:PIA23245-MarsOpportunityRover-Rock-JornadaDelMuerto-20190604.jpg|"Jornada del Muerto" – rock found in Perseverance Valley (posted June 4, 2019).
Image:PIA05482 modest.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover.
Image:Mackinac Island.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (October 13, 2009).
Image:PIA13418 - Oileán Ruaidh meteorite on Mars (false colour).jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (September 24, 2010).
Image:PIA17761-MarsOpportunityRover-MysteryRock-Sol3528-Sol3540-color.jpg|"]" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by ''Opportunity'' (January 23, 2014).<ref name="SPACE-20140117">{{cite web|last=O'Neill|first=Ian|title=Mystery Rock 'Appears' in Front of Mars Rover|url=http://www.space.com/24330-mars-rover-mystery-rock-appears.html|date=January 17, 2014|work=]|access-date=January 18, 2014 }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20140124">{{cite news|last=Chang|first=Kenneth|title=Mars Rover Marks an Unexpected Anniversary With a Mysterious Discovery|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/science/space/mars-rover-marks-an-unexpected-anniversary-with-a-mysterious-discovery.html|date=January 24, 2014|work=]|access-date=January 24, 2014 }}</ref>
Image:MarsOpportunityRover-MysteryRock-Sol3528-Sol3540.jpg|"]" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by ''Opportunity'' (January 17, 2014).<ref name="NYT-20140124" /><ref name="SPACE-20140117" />
Image:Mars Pinnacle Rock.png|"]" rock - microscopic view by ''Opportunity'' (February 1, 2014).<ref name="NYT-20140124" /><ref name="SPACE-20140117" />
Image:PIA17942-MarsOpportunityRover-PinnacleIslandRockMysterySolved-20140204.jpg|"]" rock - location where rock was dislodged by ''Opportunity'' (February 4, 2014).
Image:Shelter Island meteorite cropped, sharpened and straightened.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' Rover (October 3, 2009).
Image:391243main-MarsRover-ShelterIslandMeteorite-20091002-crop.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (October 1, 2009).
Image:The Mystery of the Sparkling Spheres.jpg|"Sparkling Spheres" embedded in trench wall at ] - viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (February, 2004).
Image:PIA16445-MarsOpportunityRover-WhitewaterLakeRock-20121112.jpg|"Whitewater River" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (November 12, 2012).
</gallery>
{{Wide image|Eagle crater on the Mars PIA05163.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ''Opportunity'' rover – ] (March 5, 2004).}}
{{wide image|Payson Ridge, Erebus Crater, Mars Opportunity Rover.jpg|800px| Panorama of rocks near the ''Opportunity'' rover – ] – ] (February 26, 2006).}}
<!---
{{wide image|Fram Crater in color.jpg|750px|Panorama viewed by the ''Opportunity'' Rover – ] (April 24, 2004)}}
{{wide image|MarsEndurance.jpg|750px|Panorama viewed by the ''Opportunity'' Rover – ] (May 6, 2004).}}
{{wide image|Victoria Crater, Cape Verde-Mars.jpg|750px|Panorama viewed by the ''Opportunity'' Rover – Victoria Crater (November 6, 2006).}}
--->
{{clear}}

== 2008 – ''Phoenix'' lander ==
{{see also|Mars Scout Program}}
<!---]:<ref name="Space-20090702">{{cite web |last=Thompson |first=Andrea |title=The Dirt on Mars Lander Soil Findings |url=http://www.space.com/6918-dirt-mars-lander-soil-findings.html |date=July 2, 2009 |publisher=] |access-date=October 22, 2012 }}</ref> Nearly all the rocks near Phoenix are small. For about as far as the camera can see, the land is flat, but shaped into polygons 2–3 meters in diameter and are bounded by troughs that are 20 cm to 50 cm deep.--->
''''']'' lander – May 25, 2008; ], ] − ''Last Earth Contact'' – November 10, 2008.'''<ref name="NASA-Phoenix">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon|title=Phoenix |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/phoenix/ |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
''Phoenix'' was operational on Mars for {{age in sols|2008|05|25|2008|11|02}} ] ({{age in days|2008|05|25|2008|11|02}} ]; <SMALL>''{{age in years and days|25 May 2008|02 Nov 2008}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|68.22|N|125.7|W|globe:Mars|name=Phoenix lander}} ({{Coord|68|13|11.9994|N|125|42|0|W|globe:Mars|name=Phoenix lander}})<br />
''<small>(] - and + .)</small>''
{{div col|colwidth=14em}}
* Baby Bear
* Burn Alive
* Burn Alive 3
* Dodo
* Goldilocks
* Lower Cupboard
* Mama Bear
* Neverland
* Papa Bear
* Rosy Red 2
* Rosy Red 3
* Runaway
* Snow White
* Stone Soup
* Upper Cupboard
{{div col end}}
{{Wide image|PIA13804-MarsPhoenixLander-Panorama-20080525b.jpg|800px|Panorama of ] near the ''Phoenix'' lander (May 25, 2008).}}
{{Wide image|PIA11044-PhoenixLander-WorkspaceNames-20080819.jpg|800px|Panorama of ] near the ''Phoenix'' lander (August 19, 2008).}}
{{clear}}

== 2012 – ''Curiosity'' rover (Mars Science Laboratory) ==
{{see also|Mars Science Laboratory|Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory}}

'''] – August 6, 2012; ]; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.'''<ref name="NASA-Curiosity">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Jon |title=Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity Rover |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mars-science-laboratory-curiosity-rover-msl/ |work=] |access-date=February 2, 2014 }}</ref><br />
As of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}, ''Curiosity'' has been active for {{Curiosity Mission Timer}} ] ({{age in days|2012|08|06}} ]; <SMALL>''{{Age in years and days|06 AUG 2012}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|4.5895|S|137.4417|E|globe:Mars|name=Curiosity rover}} ({{Coord|4|35|22.2|S|137|26|30.1194|E|globe:Mars|name=Curiosity rover}})<br />
''<small>(] - and and and + .)</small>''
{{div col|colwidth=14em}}
* Alexander Hills (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Amargosa Valley (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale crater -->
* Bonanza King <!-- Gale crater -->
* Book Cliffs (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Buckskin <!-- Gale crater -->
* Burwash <!-- Gale crater -->
* Chinle (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Confidence Hills (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale crater -->
* Crest <!-- Gale crater -->
* Crestaurum <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Cumberland <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Darwin Outcrop <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Dingo Gap (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Discovery Ridge (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Egg Rock (meteorite) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Ekwir_1 <!--Underscore is intentional--> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Et-Then <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Flower-like rock <!-- Gale crater -->
* Garden City (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Gator-Back Rocks <!-- Gale crater -->
* Gillespie (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Gillespie Lake <!-- Gale crater -->
* ] (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Harrison <!-- Gale crater -->
* Hidden Valley (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* High Dune (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Ithaca <!-- Gale crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale crater -->
* John Klein-A/B/C <!-- Gale crater -->
* Kimberley (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Knorr<ref name="NASA-20130318">{{cite web |last1=Webster |first1=Guy |last2=Brown |first2=Dwayne |title=Curiosity Mars Rover Sees Trend In Water Presence |url=http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/news/whatsnew/index.cfm?FuseAction=ShowNews&NewsID=1446 |date=March 18, 2013 |work=] |access-date=March 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424111259/http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/news/whatsnew/index.cfm?FuseAction=ShowNews&NewsID=1446 |archive-date=April 24, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!-- Gale crater -->
* Lamoose <!-- Gale crater -->
* Lebanon ('']'') <!-- Gale Crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Little Colonsay <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Marker Band (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Missoula <!-- Gale crater -->
* Mojave (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Mojave 2 <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Murray Unit (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Namib Dune (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Not Bones <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Nova <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Old Soaker <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Pahrump Hills (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Panorama Point (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Pink Cliffs (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Point Lake (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Portage<ref name="NASA-20121203">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=A Sampling of Martian Soils |url=http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/multimedia/images/?ImageID=4909 |date=December 3, 2012 |publisher=] |access-date=December 3, 2012 }}</ref> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Rapitan <!-- Gale crater -->
* ] (area)<!-- Gale Crater -->
* ]<ref name="Space-20121122">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=Thanksgiving on Mars: Working Holiday for ''Curiosity'' Rover |url=http://www.space.com/18594-mars-thanksgiving-curiosity-rover.html |date=November 22, 2012 |publisher=] |access-date=November 22, 2012 }}</ref> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Sayunei <!-- Gale crater -->
* Selwyn <!-- Gale crater -->
* Sequoia <!-- Gale crater -->
* Shaler<ref name="NASA-20121211">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=PIA16550: Layered Martian Outcrop 'Shaler' in 'Glenelg' Area |url=http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16550 |date=December 11, 2012 |publisher=] |access-date=December 12, 2012 }}</ref><ref name="EM-20121204">{{cite web |last=Hoagland |first=Richard C. |author-link=Richard C. Hoagland |title=NASA Announces ''Curiosity'' Rover To Investigate Mysterious Linear Features, Called "Shaler" |url=http://www.enterprisemission.com/marsapartments.html |date=December 4, 2012 |publisher=Enterprise Mission |access-date=March 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416071114/http://www.enterprisemission.com/marsapartments.html |archive-date=April 16, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Sheepbed <!-- Gale crater -->
* Shoemaker <!-- Gale crater -->
* Snake River<ref name="NASA-20121220">{{cite web |author=Staff |title= PIA16564: 'Snake River' Rock Feature Viewed by ''Curiosity'' Mars Rover |url=http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16564 |date=January 4, 2013 |publisher=] |access-date=January 4, 2013 }}</ref> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Stimson unit (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Strathdon <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Sutton Inlier (area)<ref name="NASA-20130318" /> <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Telegraph Peak (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Terra Firme (book-like rock)<!-- Gale Crater -->
* ]<ref name="NASA-20130318" /><ref name="BBC-20130319">{{cite web|last=Rincon |first=Paul |title=Curiosity breaks rock to reveal dazzling white interior|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21340279 |date=March 19, 2013 |publisher=] |access-date=March 19, 2013 }}</ref> <!-- Gale crater -->
* Twin Cairns Island (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
* Unnamed-20120902 <!-- Gale Crater -->
* ] <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Vera Rubin Ridge (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Waypoint 1 (area) <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Wernecke<ref name="NASA-20130318" /> <!-- Gale crater -->
* Whale <!-- Gale Crater -->
* Whimsical <!-- Gale crater -->
* Wildrose <!-- Gale crater -->
* Windjana <!-- Gale crater -->
* Winnipesaukee <!-- Gale crater -->
* Yellowjacket <!-- Gale crater -->
* Yellowknife Bay (area) <!-- Gale crater -->
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
Image:PIA17085-MarsCuriosityRover-TraverseMap-Sol351-20130801.jpg|First-Year and first-mile of the ''Curiosity'' rover on Mars (August 1, 2013; ).
Image:PIA19066-MarsCuriosityRover-AlexanderHillsRock-20141123-Fig1.jpg|"Alexander Hills" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 23, 2014).
Image:PIA14762-MarsCuriosityRover-BathurstInletRock.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – as viewed by the ] camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 30, 2012).
Image:PIA18477-MarsCuriosityRover-BonanzaKingRock-Drill-20140911.jpg|"Bonanza King" rock on Mars - ] and initially drilled (September 11, 2014).
Image:PIA18478-MarsCuriosityRover-Bonanz-KingRock-Drill-LightColorVein-20140911.jpg|"Bonanza King" rock on Mars - drilling stopped due to loose rock (September 11, 2014).
<!---Image:PIA18479-MarsCuriosityRover-BonanzaKingRock-APXS-Graph-20140911.png|"Bonanza King" rock on Mars - ] (September 11, 2014).--->
Image:PIA19804-MarsCuriosityRover-Missoula-BuckskinRock-Drilling-20150701.jpg|"Buckskin" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity'' drilling site<br />(July 30, 2015).
Image:PIA16237-MarsCuriosityRover-BurwashRock-20121029.jpg|"Burwash" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ] camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (October 29, 2012).
Image:PIA18609 - First Sampling Hole in Mount Sharp .jpg|"Confidence Hills" rock on Mars - ''Curiosity''{{'s}} first target at ] (September 24, 2014).
Image:Mars Curiosity Rover-Coronation Rock-N165.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – first target of the ] ] on the ''Curiosity'' rover (August 17, 2012).
Image:MarsCuriosityRover-CoronationRock-N165-20120817-crop.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – close-up - viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (August 17, 2012).
Image:PIA16234-MarsCuriosityRover-CrestaurumSand-20121025.gif|"Crestaurum" ] on Mars – before/after ] hits – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (October 20, 2012).
Image:PIA16927-MarsCuriosityRover-CumberlandBedrock-20130219.jpg|"Cumberland" ] on Mars - ''Curiosity''{{'s}} second ] site (Yellowknife Bay; February 19, 2013; ]).
Image:PIA16935-MarsCuriosityRover-CumberlandBedrock-20130519.gif|"Cumberland" ] on Mars - ''Curiosity''{{'s}} second ] site - before/after (Yellowknife Bay; May 19, 2013).
Image:PIA17481-MarsCuriosityRover-DarwinRock-20130910.jpg|"Darwin" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Waypoint 1; September 10, 2013; overview).
Image:PIA17361-MarsCuriosityRover-Darwin-Closeup-Waypoint1-20130921.jpg|"Darwin" ] ridge - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Waypoint1; September 21, 2013; context).
Image:PIA17362-MarsCuriosityRover-Sandstone-Waypoint1-20130921.jpg|"Darwin" ] on Mars - viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (Waypoint 1; September 21, 2013; closeup).
Image:PIA21134-MarsCuriosityRoverFindsMeteorite-EggRockContext-20161027.jpg|"Egg Rock" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; context).<ref name="NASA-20161102">{{cite web|last1=Webster|first1=Guy|last2=Brown|first2=Dwayne|last3=Cantillo|first3=Laurie|title=Curiosity Mars Rover Checks Odd-looking Iron Meteorite|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=6667|date=November 2, 2016|work=]|access-date=November 2, 2016 }}</ref>
Image:PIA21133 Iron-Nickel Meteorite Zapped by Mars Rover's Laser, Figure 1.jpg|"Egg Rock" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; closeup).<ref name="NASA-20161102" />
Image:PIA16619-MarsCuriosityRover-Ekwir1-CleanDRT-20130106.gif|"Ekwir_1" rock on Mars – cleaned with ''Curiosity''{{'s}} "]" (DRT) (January 6, 2013; ).
Image:PIA16236-MarsCuriosityRover-EtThenRock-20121029.jpg|"Et-Then" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ] camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (October 29, 2012).
Image:PIA25077-MarsCuriosityRover-RockFlower-20220224.jpg|"Flower"-like rock – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (February 24, 2022)
Image:PIA19161-MarsCuriosityRover-GardenCityArea-20150318.jpg|"Garden City" rock – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 18, 2015).
Image:PIA19162-MarsCuriosityRover-GardenCityArea-20150325.jpg|"Garden City" rock − closeup – as viewed by the ] camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 2, 2015).
Image:PIA25175-MarsCuriosityRover-GatorBackRocks-Closeup-20220315.jpg|"Gator-Back" rocks − closeup as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 15, 2022).
Image:PIA16618 fig1-MarsCuriosityRover-GillespieRock-Texture.jpg|"Gillespie Lake" rock texture – as viewed by the ] camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (December 19, 2012).
Image:PIA16187-MarsCuriosityRover-Goulburn-20120819.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – ancient ] viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 17, 2012).
Image:PIA16187-MarsCuriosityRover-GoulburnRock-20120817-crop.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – close-up viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 17, 2012).
Image:PIA17768-MarsCuriosityRover-HarrisonRock-20140115.jpg|"Harrison" rock (and ]s) on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (January 15, 2014).
Image:PIA18590-MarsCuriosityRover-HiddenValleyTracks-20140804.jpg|"]" ] - ''Curiosity''{{'s}} tracks (August 4, 2014).
Image:PIA19074-MarsCuriosityRover-HiddenValley-SedimentaryDepositLakebedRocks-20140807.jpg|"]" water-related ] on Mars – '' Curiosity'' rover (August 7, 2014).
Image:PIA20171-MarsCuriosityRover-HighDune-Sand-Closeup-20151205.jpg|"High Dune" ] (undisturbed) on Mars – ''Curiosity'' rover (December 5, 2015).
Image:PIA17062-MarsCuriosityRover-HottahRockOutcrop-20120915.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – ancient ] viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 12, 2012; ; ).
Image:PIA17592-MarsCuriosityRover-IthacaRock-20131030.jpg|"Ithaca" rock on Mars – target of the ] ] on ''Curiosity'' (October 30, 2013; ).
Image:Mars16.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – a prime test target of the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 19, 2012).
Image:PIA16192-MarsCuriosityRover-Target-JakeRock-20120927.jpg|] rock on Mars – target of ] & ] on ''Curiosity'' (September 22, 2012).
Image:PIA16568-MarsCuriosityRover-JohnKleinSiteRocks.jpg|"John Klein" A/B/C ] on Mars – near ''Curiosity''{{'s}} first ] site (December 25, 2012).
Image:PIA16762-MarsCuriosityRover-DrilledHole-20130206.gif|"John Klein" ] - ] of ''Curiosity''{{'s}} first ] tests (Yellowknife Bay; February 6, 2013).<ref name="TMJ-20130203">{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Paul Scott|title=''Curiosity'' 'hammers' a rock and completes first drilling tests|url=http://themeridianijournal.com/2013/02/curiosity-hammers-a-rock-and-completes-first-drilling-tests/|date=February 3, 2013|publisher=The Meridiani Journal|access-date=February 3, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206162148/http://themeridianijournal.com/2013/02/curiosity-hammers-a-rock-and-completes-first-drilling-tests/|archive-date=February 6, 2013}}</ref>
Image:PIA17594-MarsCuriosityRover-JohKleinMudstoneDrillHole-20130510.jpg|"John Klein" ] - drill hole ({{convert|1.6|cm|in|abbr=on}}) made by ''Curiosity'' (Yellowknife Bay; May 10, 2013).
Image:PIA16792-MarsCuriosityRover-KnorrRock-20121220.jpg|"Knorr" ] on Mars – as viewed by the ] on ''Curiosity'' (December 20, 2012).<ref name="NASA-20130318" />
Image:PIA19828-MarsCuriosityRover-LamooseRock-20150711.jpg|"Lamoose" rock (high ] levels) – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (July 11, 2015).
Image:PIA18387-MarsCuriosityRover-Lebanon-IronMeteorite-20140525.jpg|"Lebanon" ] on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (May 25, 2014).
Image:NASA Curiosity rover - Link to a Watery Past (692149main Williams-2pia16188-43).jpg|"]" ] on Mars – ancient ] viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 2, 2012).
Image:NASA-MarsCurioistyRover-ViewsShinyObject-20181126.png|"Little Colonsay" possible meteorite – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 26, 2018).
Image:PIA25734-MarsCuriosityRover-MarkerBand-RhythmicRockLayers-20221107.jpg|"Marker Band" area rhythmic layered rock (November 7, 2022).
Image:PIA19829-MarsCuriosityRover-MissoulaRockOutcrop-20150701-crop.jpg|"Missoula" ] on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (July 1, 2015).
Image:PIA19804-MarsCuriosityRover-Missoula-BuckskinRock-Drilling-20150701.jpg|"Missoula" ] – "Buckskin" drilling site (July 1, 2015).
Image:PIA19115-MarsCuriosityRover-DrillingMojave2Rock-20150131.jpg|"Mojave 2" rock on Mars – ] site - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (December 31, 2015).
Image:PIA20322-MarsCuriosityRover-ErosionResistantNodules-MountSharp-20160309.jpg|"Murray Unit" ] nodules – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (March 9, 2016).
Image:PIA20317-MarsCuriosityRover-NamibDune-Sand-NightCloseup-20160122.jpg|"Namib Dune" ] on Mars (at night) – (''Curiosity'' rover; January 22, 2016).
Image:MarsCuriosityRover-NotBones-20140821.jpg|"Not Bones" on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 21, 2014).
Image:PIA18401-MarsCuriosityRover-NovaRock-LaserSpark-20140712.jpg|"Nova" rock on Mars – 1st ] imaged (''Curiosity'' rover; July 12, 2014; ).
Image:PIA18388-MarsCuriosityRover-NovaRock-ChemCam-20140712.jpg|"Nova" rock on Mars – ] spectra (''Curiosity'' rover; July 12, 2014).
Image:PIA21262-MarsCuriosityRover-PossibleMudCracks-OldSoaker-20161220.jpg|"Old Soaker" ] on Mars – Possible mud cracks (''Curiosity'' rover; December 20, 2016).
Image:PIA18610-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsOutcrop-Mahli-Sol758-20140923.jpg|"Pahrump Hills" ] on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 23, 2014).
Image:PIA18881-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsBedrock-20141109.tif|"Pahrump Hills" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 9, 2014).
Image:PIA18883-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHills-Sand-20141113.jpg|"Pahrump Hills" ] - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 13, 2014).
Image:PIA18882-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsSand-WheelTrack-20141107.tif|"Pahrump Hills" ] - ''Curiosity''{{'s}} tracks (November 7, 2014).
Image:PIA18880-MarsCuriosityRover-PinkCliffs-20141007.jpg|"Pink Cliffs" ] on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (October 7, 2014).
Image:PIA17267-MarsCuriosityRover-PointOutlook-Outcrop-Detail-20130613.jpg|"Point Lake" ] (detail) on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (June 13, 2013; ).
Image:PIA16204-MarsCuriosityRover-Rocknest-20120928.jpg|"]" ] on Mars – target for the first use of ''Curiosity''{{'s}} scoop (September 28, 2012).
Image:PIA16174-MarsCuriosityRover-Sand-Rocknest-20121030.jpg|"]" ] – first ] of ] (''Curiosity'' rover; October 30, 2012)<ref name="NASA-20121030">{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Dwayne|title=NASA Rover's First Soil Studies Help Fingerprint Martian Minerals|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2012/oct/HQ_12-383_Curiosity_CheMin.html|date=October 30, 2012|publisher=]|access-date=October 31, 2012}}</ref>
Image:PIA16193-MarsCuriosityRover-ScoffmarkInSand-2011004.jpg|"]" ] – scoffmark made by the ''Curiosity'' rover (], October 4, 2012).
Image:PIA16226-MarsCuriosityRover-FirstScoopOfSoil-20121007.jpg|"]" ] – ''Curiosity''{{'s}} ] sifts a load of ] (October 7, 2012).
Image:PIA20170-MarsCuriosityRover-WheelTrackInSand-20151203.jpg|Sand tracks – uncover finer grains (''Curiosity'' rover; December 3, 2015).
Image:PIA16452-MarsCuriosityRover-Rocknest3Rock-20121005.jpg|"]" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ] on ''Curiosity'' (October 5, 2012).
Image:PIA21143 - Sand Moving Under Curiosity, One Day to Next, Animation.gif|] moving on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 23, 2017).
Image:PIA16711-MarsCuriosityRover-SayunyeiRock-20130122wh.jpg|"Sayunei" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity''{{'s}} view at night (January 22, 2013; wh light).
Image:PIA16712-MarsCuriosityRover-SayuneiRock-20130122uv.jpg|"Sayunei" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity''{{'s}} view at night (January 22, 2013; uv light).
Image:PIA26048-MarsCuriosityRover-SequoiaRockDrillHole-20231026.jpg|"Sequoia" rock on Mars − drilled hole made by ''Curiosity'' (October 26, 2023)
Image:PIA16550-MarsCuriosityRover-ShalerOutcrop-20121207.jpg|"Shaler" ] on Mars – as viewed by the ] on the ''Curiosity'' rover (December 7, 2012).
Image:PIA16705 fig1-MarsCuriosityRover-SheepbedOutcrop-20121213.jpg|"Sheepbed" ] on Mars – as viewed by the ] on ''Curiosity'' (December 13, 2012).
Image:MarsCuriosityRover-SnakeRiverRockFeature-PIA16564.jpg|"Snake River" ] on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (December 20, 2012).<ref name="NASA-20121220" />
Image:PIA23348-MarsCuriosityRover-StrathdonRock-20190709.jpg|"Strathdon" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (July 9, 2019).
Image:PIA23347-MarsCuriosityRover-StrathdonRock-CloseUp-20190710.jpg|"Strathdon-closeup" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (July 10, 2019).
Image:PIA16804-MarsCuriosityRover-SuttonInlierRock-20130131.jpg|"Sutton Inlier" rock on Mars – broken by the ''Curiosity'' rover (January 31, 2013).<ref name="NASA-20130318" />
Image:PIA17262-MarsCuriosityRover-SuttonInlierRockLaserTarget-20130511.gif|"Sutton Inlier" ] on Mars - target of ]'s laser - ''Curiosity'' rover (May 11, 2013).
Image:PIA25828-MarsCuriosityRover-Rock-TerraFirme-20230415.jpg|"Terra Firme" book-like rock (April 15, 2023)
Image:PIA16795-MarsCuriosityRover-TintinaRock-Context-20130119.jpg|"]" broken ] rock on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 19, 2013; context).<ref name="NASA-20130318" /><ref name="BBC-20130319" />
Image:PIA16796-MarsCuriosityRover-TintinaRock-Hydration-20130119.jpg|"]" broken ] rock on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 19, 2013; analysis).<ref name="NASA-20130318" /><ref name="BBC-20130319" />
Image:PIA16803-MarsCuriosityRover-UnnamedRock-20120902.jpg|"Unnamed-20120902" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 2, 2012).
Image:Mars-Curiosity-RockStructures-20180102.jpg|"Unnamed-20180102" ] (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by ] (January 2, 2018).<ref name="SPC-20180105">{{cite web |last=David |first=Leonard |title=Structures on Mars |url=https://www.space.com/39294-mars-rover-curiosity-weird-tube-structures.html |date=January 5, 2018 |work=] |access-date=January 5, 2018 }}</ref><ref name="NASA-20180103">{{cite web |last=Edwards |first=Christopher |title=Sols 1913-1924: Curiosity's Working Holiday |url=https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/mission/mars-rover-curiosity-mission-updates/?mu=sols-1913-1924-curiositys-working-holiday |date=January 3, 2018 |work=] |access-date=January 6, 2018 }}</ref>
Image:Mars-CuriosityRover-PossibleFossilizedAlienFootprints.jpg|"Unnamed-20180305" ] (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by ] (March 5, 2018).<ref name="TT-20180205">{{cite web |last=Adamson |first=Allan |title=Scientist May Have Found Evidence Of Fossilized Alien Tracks On Planet Mars |url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/222402/20180305/scientist-may-have-found-evidence-of-fossilized-alien-tracks-on-planet-mars.htm |date=March 5, 2018 |work=TechTimes.com |access-date=March 5, 2018 }}</ref><ref name="SPC-20180306">{{cite web |last=Howell |first=Elizabeth |title=No, Those Aren't Animal Tracks on Mars |url=https://www.space.com/39894-mars-rock-features-not-animal-tracks.html |date=March 6, 2018 |work=] |access-date=March 6, 2018 }}</ref>
Image:PIA16790-MarsCuriosityRover-WerneckeRock-20130126.jpg|"Wernecke" rock on Mars – cleaned with ''Curiosity''{{'s}} "]" (DRT) (January 26, 2013).<ref name="NASA-20130318" />
Image:PIA19076-MarsCuriosityRover-WhaleRock-CrossBedding-20141102.jpg|"Whale" rock on Mars - ] due to passage of water - as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 2, 2014).
Image:MarsCuriosityRover-WhimsicalRock-20210727.png|"Whimsical" rock on Mars as viewed from the ] (July 27, 2021).
Image:PIA18087-MarsCuriosityRover-WindjanaRockContext-20140423a.jpg|"Windjana" ] on Mars - as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (Kimberley; April 23, 2014; context).
Image:PIA18089-MarsCuriosityRover-WindjanaRockDrilling-20140429.jpg|"Windjana" ] on Mars - drill hole ({{convert|1.6|cm|in|abbr=on}}) made by ''Curiosity'' (Kimberley; April 29, 2014).
Image:PIA18396-MarsCuriosityRover-WinnipesaukeeRock-20140625.jpg|"Winnipesaukee" rock on Mars - target of the ] ] on ''Curiosity'' (June 8, 2014).
Image:PIA19661-MarsCuriosityRover-YellowjacketRock-20150515.jpg|"Yellowjacket" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (May 15, 2015).
</gallery>
{{Wide image|PIA16072-MarsCuriosityRover-20120809.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks as viewed by the ] – near ] (August 9, 2012).}}
{{Wide image |PIA16768-MarsCuriosityRover-AeolisMons-20120920.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near ] as viewed from the ] (September 20, 2012; ]; ).}}
<!---
{{Wide image|PIA16154-MarsCuriosityRover-RoadToGlenelg-20120919.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ''Curiosity'' rover on the way to "]" from ] (September 19, 2012).}}
--->
{{Wide image|PIA16918-MarsCuriosityRover-RockNest-HiRezWB-20121116.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ] at "]" (November 16, 2012; ]; ; ).}}
<!---
{{Wide image|PIA16453-MarsCuriosityRover-RocknestPanorama-20121126.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ] looking from "]" toward "Point Lake" on the way to "]" (November 26, 2012; ]; ]).}}
--->
{{Wide Image |PIA17595-MarsCuriosityRover-YellowknifeBay-DrillSites-20131224.jpg|800px|
Panorama of rocks and drilling sites near the ] at Yellowknife Bay (December 24, 2012).}}
{{Wide image|PIA19840-MarsCuriosityRover-HiddenValley-Sol703-Rel20151008.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks in "Hidden Valley" near the "Pahrump Hills" on ] as viewed by the ] (September 11, 2014).}}
<!---
{{Wide image |PIA17931 Martian Valley May Be Curiosity's Route, Figure 1.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near "Dingo Gap" on the way to ] viewed by the ] (January 30, 2014; ).}}
{{Wide image |PIA17766-MarsCuriosityRover-DingoGap-20140128.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ] at "Dingo Gap" on the way to ] (January 28, 2014; ]; ).}}
--->
{{Wide image|PIA19142-MarsCuriosityRover-Self-Mojave-20150131.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks at the ''"Mojave"'' site on ] (January 31, 2015).}}
{{wide image|PIA19912-MarsCuriosityRover-MountSharp-20151002.jpg|800px|Panorama of the rocky slopes of Mount Sharp (September 9, 2015).}}
] on the slopes (at {{convert|327|m|ft|abbr=on}} elevation) of ] (October 25, 2017; ).]]
] on the slopes of ] (December 1, 2019; ).]]
]] on the slopes of ] at Gediz Valles (November 7, 2022).]]
{{Wide image|Martian-Sunset-O-de-Goursac-Curiosity-2013.jpg|800px|Panorama of rocks near the ] – at Yellowknife Bay around ] (February 2013; Sun simulated by artist).}}
<!---
{{multiple image |header=Rocks viewed by ''Curiosity'' - ]<ref name="NASA-20191029">{{cite news |last=Rice |first=Melissa |title=Sol 2216: A Windswept Workspace |url=https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/mission/mars-rover-curiosity-mission-updates/?mu=sol-2216-a-windswept-workspace |date=October 29, 2018 |work=] |access-date=November 2, 2018 }}</ref> |align=center |caption_align=center |direction=horizontal |width=400 |image1=NASA-MarsCuriosity-RocksBeforeDustStorm-20180914.jpg |caption1='''Before''' dust storm winds (September 14, 2018) |image2=NASA-MarsCuriosity-RocksAfterDustStorm-20181025.jpg |caption2='''After''' dust storm winds (October 25, 2018)}}
] (August 17, 2021)]</div>]]
--->
{{clear}}

== 2018 – ''InSight'' lander ==
'''] – May 8, 2018; ]; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.'''<br />
As of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}, ''InSight'' has been active for {{age in sols|2018|11|26}} ] ({{age in days|2018|11|26}} ]; <SMALL>''{{Age in years and days|26 November 2018}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|4.5024|N|135.6234|E|globe:Mars|name=InSight lander}} ({{Coord|4|30|8.6394|N|135|37|24.24|E|globe:Mars|name=InSight lander}})<br />
''<small>(] - and + .)</small>''
<!---
{{div col|colwidth=14em}}
{{div col end}}
--->
{{Wide image|PIA23140-Mars-InsightLander-Panorama-12092018.jpg|800px|Panorama of InSight lander landing site (December 9, 2018)}}
{{clear}}

== 2021 – ''Perseverance'' rover (Mars 2020) ==
{{see also|Mars 2020|Timeline of Mars 2020}}

'''] – February 18, 2021; ]; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.'''<br />
As of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}, ''Perseverance'' has been active for {{Perseverance Mission Timer}} ] ({{age in days|2021|02|18}} ]; <SMALL>''{{Age in years and days|18 FEB 2021}}''</SMALL>).<br />
Mars landing coordinates: {{Coord|18.4447|N|77.4508|E|globe:Mars|name=Peseverance rover}} ({{Coord|18|26|40.92|N|77|27|2.88|E|globe:Mars|name=Curiosity rover}})<br />
''<small>(] - and and + + + .)</small>''
{{div col|colwidth=14em}}
* Landing Site (area)<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* AEGIS_0442B rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Artuby outcrop (area)<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* "Boulder field"<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Brac rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* "Bunsen Peak"<!-- Jezero Crater https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/status/515/bunsen-peak-piques-interest-->
* Cine rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* "Crater Floor Fractured Rough" (area)<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Delta sediment (area)<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Dourbes rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Faillefeu rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* First borehole (Roubion)<!---Jezero Crater--->
* Foux rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Garde rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Intriguing rocks<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Máaz – 1st study target<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Máaz rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Odd rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Otis Peak rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* "Paver rocks"<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Rochette rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* SnakeHead rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Wind-carved rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
* Yeehgo rock<!-- Jezero Crater -->
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
Image:Perseverance's First Full-Color Look at Mars.png|First color image<br />(February 18, 2021)
Image:PIA24485-MarsPerseveranceRover-OctaviaEButlerLanding-DeltaSediment-20210222.jpg|Delta sediment<br />(February 22, 2021)
Image:PIA24484-MarsPerseveranceRover-FirstStudyTarget-20210222.jpg|Máaz - 1st study target<br />(February 22, 2021)
Image:PIA24264-MarsPerseveranceRover-WindCarvedRock-20210224c.jpg|Wind-carved rock<br />(February 24, 2021)
Image:MarsPerseveranceRover-MáazRock-20210302.jpg|Máaz rock<br />(March 2, 2021)
Image:PIA24492-MarsPerseveranceRover-YeehgoRock-20210310.jpg|Yeehgo rock<br />(March 7, 2021)
Image:NASA-MarsPerseveranceRover-OddRock-20210328.jpg|Odd rock<br />(March 28, 2021)
Image:PIA24627-MarsPerseveranceRover-IntriguingRocks-20210427.jpg|Intriguing rocks<br />(April 27, 2021)
Image:PIA24641-MarsPerseveranceRover-WatsonCameraViewsRocks-20210510.webm|] (]; 0:05)<br />(May 10, 2021)
Image:PIA24747-MarsPerseveranceRover-ArtubyOutcrop-20210617.jpg|Artuby outcrop<br />(June 17, 2021)
Image:PIA24748-MarsPerseveranceRover-PaverRocks-20210710.gif|Examining "paver rocks"<br />(July 10, 2021)
Image:PIA24728-Mars2020-FouxRock-20210711.jpg|Foux rock<br />(July 11, 2021)
Image:PIA24796-MarsPerseveranceRover-1stBoreHole-20210807.jpg|First borehole (Roubion)<br />(August 7, 2021)
Image:PIA24749-MarsPerseveranceRover-LaserHoles-RoubionHole-20210808.jpg|Rubion laser holes<br />(August 8, 2021)
Image:PIA24767-MarsPerseveranceRover-RochetteRock-20210826.jpg|Rochette rock<br />(August 26, 2021)
Image:PIA24805 - Navcam of Borehole - Sol190 by rover Perseverance.jpg|Rochette rock borehole<br />(September 1, 2021)
Image:Perseverance-Selfie-at-Rochette-Horizontal-V2 (cropped).gif|Rochette rock boreholes<br />(September 10, 2021)
Image:PIA24810-MarsIngenuityHelicopter-FaillefeuRock-20210904.jpg|Faillefeu rock<br />(September 4, 2021)
Image:PIA24936-MarsPerseveranceRover-CineRock-20210917.jpg|Cine Rock<br />(September 17, 2021)
Image:PIA25042-MarsPerseveranceRover-GardeRock-SHERLOC-20210918.jpg|Garde rock-SHERLOC<br />(September 18,2021)
Image:PIA25043-MarsPerseveranceRover-GardeRock-Close-SHERLOC-20210918.jpg|Garde rock-SHERLOC<br />(September 18, 2021)
Image:PIA24940-MarsPerseveranceRover-DourbesRock-WATSON-20211105.jpg|Dourbes rock-WATSON<br />(November 5, 2021)
Image:PIA25041-MarsPerseveranceRover-DourbesRock-PIXL.jpg|Dourbes rock-PIXL<br />(November 5, 2021)
Image:The “Brac” rock target in Jezero crater on Mars.png|Brac rock<br />(November 15, 2021)
Image:PIA25289-MarsPerseveranceRover-SuperCam-RockB-20220518.jpg|"AEGIS_0442B" rock (May 18, 2022)
Image:NASA-MarsPerseveranceRover-SnakeHeadRock-20220612.jpg|SnakeHead rock<br />(June 12, 2022)
Image:PIA25962-MarsPerseveranceRover-OtisPeak-RockSample-20230612.jpg|Otis Peak sample<br />(June 12, 2023)
Image:PIA25963-MarsPerseveranceRover-BoulderField-20230706.jpg|Boulder field<br />(July 6, 2023)
Image:PIA26232-MarsPerseveranceRover-JezeroCrater-CoredSamples-1000sols-20231212.jpg|Cored Rock sample collection at 1000 sols<br />(December 12, 2023)
</gallery>
{{Wide image|Mastcam-Z's First 360-Degree Panorama.jpg|800px|Panorama from ''Perseverance''{{'s}} ] site (February 18, 2021)}}
{{Wide image|PIA24264-MarsPerseveranceRover-WindCarvedRock-20210224.jpg|800px|Panorama from ''Perseverance''{{'s}} ] site − Wind-carved rock (February 24, 2021)}}
{{Wide image|Jezero Crater Rim Panorama NASA Perseverance rover.jpg|800px|Panorama from ''Perseverance''{{'s}} ] site (February 21, 2021)}}
{{Wide image|PIA23727-MarsPerseveranceRover-Panorama-20210222.png|800px|Panorama from ''Perseverance''{{'s}} ] site (ultra-high-rez; February 22, 2021)}}
]
]
{{Wide Image|PIA24745-MarsPerseveranceRover-PaverRocksArea-20210715.jpg|800px|Panorama from ''Perseverance'' views "Crater Floor Fractured Rough" and "paver rocks" area (July 15, 2021)}}
]
]
]
]
] rock named "Atoco Point". (May 27, 2024)]]
{{Wide image|PIA24542-MarsPerseveranceRover-IngenuityHelicopter-SelfPortrait-20210406.jpg|800px|Panorama includes ] and ] near ] site (April 6, 2021)}}
{{clear}}

==Other rock formations==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* ]
* ]
* ]
* Mars ]s
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
Image:Martian face viking cropped.jpg|"]" – due to Sun's lighting (]; July 25, 1976)<br />({{Coord|40.75|N|9.46|W|globe:Mars}}).
Image:PIA25709-BearFaceOnMars.jpg|"Bear Face on Mars" viewed from ]<br />(January 31, 2023)
Image:Galle crater.gif|"]" in ] on ].<br />(]; 1970s).
Image:NASA-Mars-$tarTrekFleetLogo-20190612.jpg|''"]"'' ] emblem – formed from ] on ].<ref name="CNET-20190612">{{cite news |last=Kooser |first=Amanda |title=Star Trek on Mars: NASA spots Starfleet logo in dune footprint - Beam me down to Mars, Scotty. |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/star-trek-on-mars-nasa-spots-starfleet-logo-in-dune-footprint/ |date=12 June 2019 |work=] |access-date=12 June 2019 }}</ref><ref name="TT-20190616">{{cite news |last=Samson |first=Diane |title=William Shatner Takes Playful Jab At 'Star Wars' Over 'Starfleet' Symbol Found On Mars |url=https://www.techtimes.com/articles/244331/20190615/william-shatner-takes-playful-jab-at-star-wars-over-starfleet-symbol-found-on-mars.htm |date=16 June 2019 |work=TechTimes.com |access-date=16 June 2019 }}</ref>
Image:NASA-MarsCuriosityRover-20141007-CropEnlarge.jpg|"]"-like rock formation.<ref name="HP-20151019">{{cite news|last=Speigel|first=Lee|title=Buddha Statue (Or Rock Formation) Spotted On Mars|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/buddha-statue-on-mars_561fbd92e4b050c6c4a47dec|date=October 19, 2015|work=]|access-date=December 12, 2015 }}</ref> (]; October 7, 2014).
Image:NASA-MarsCuriosityRover-RockSpikes-20220517.jpg|"Finger"-like rocks (]; May 17, 2022)
Image:PIA25828-MarsCuriosityRover-Rock-TerraFirme-20230415.jpg|"Book"-like rock ("Terra Firme") (''Curiosity'' rover; April 15, 2023)
Image:NASA-MarsCuriosityRover-WindCarvedRock-20240228.jpg|"Wind-Carved" rock<ref name="SNP-20240228">{{cite news |last=Dapcevich |first=Madison |title=Authentic Image of Mysterious Object Found on Mars? - NASA confirmed to Snopes that the image was real, but it depicted a rather mundane object. |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/mysterious-object-mars/ |date=29 February 2024 |work=] |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240229005323/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/mysterious-object-mars/ |archivedate=29 February 2024 |accessdate=28 February 2024 }}</ref> (''Curiosity'' rover; 28 February 2024)
Image:Perseverance Discovers a Doughnut-Shaped Rock (PIA25916).jpg|"Doughnut"-shaped rock (''Perseverance'' rover; June 22, 2023).
Image:Perseverance Finds a Hollowed-Out Rock (PIA25917).jpg|"Hollowed-Out" rock (''Perseverance'' rover; June 26, 2023).
Image:MarsCuriosityRover-DoorwayRockStructure-20220507.jpg|"Door"-like structure (''Curiosity'' rover; May 7, 2022).
Image:The Mars Monolith.jpg|] on Mars – rectangular ] (]; July 24, 2008)<br />({{Coord|7.231|S|267.350|E|globe:Mars}}).
Image:PIA18594-Mars-UprightBoulder-20140703.jpg|] ] on Mars – lands upright after rolling down a hill (]; July 3, 2014)<br />({{Coord|31|S|302|E|globe:Mars}}).
Image:Hearts-of-mars.jpg|"Heart-shaped" features on Mars (], ]; February 14, 2004).
Image:MarsHole-Near-PavonisMons-20200301.jpg|Mars hole near ].
Image:PIA24614-Mars-CollapsePit-20210427.jpg|Collapse pit<br />(December 28, 2020)
Image:Mars caves from NASA orbiters.jpg|] (possible) on Mars (]; September 24, 2007).
Image:MarsCones-ESP_030192_2020.jpg|]s on Mars – due to ] interacting with ] (]; January 4, 2013)<br />({{Coord|21.965|N|197.807|E|globe:Mars}}).
Image:NASA-Mars-BlueDunes-20210412.jpg|Mars blue dunes<br />(April 12, 2021).
Image:PIA24036-Mars-SandDuneRipples-20200812.jpg|Mars sand dune ripples (August 12, 2020).
Image:ESP 031221 1315-Mars-CopernicusCrater-OlivineDuneTerrain-20190831.jpg|] - ] sand dune terrain.
Image:PIA23527-Mars-SandDunes-NHemisphereSpring-20190716.jpg|Sand dunes on Mars during springtime in the Northern Hemisphere.
Image:PIA25795-Mars-CircularSandDunes.jpg|Unusual circular (no frost) sand dunes on Mars.
Image:PIA24420-Mars-FrostySandDunes-20210322.jpg|Mars frosty sand dunes<br />(March 22, 2021).
Image:PIA23581-Mars-FrostedPolygons-20190708.jpg|Polygonal patterns highlighted by ] frost.
Image:PIA23529-Mars-DustDeposits-SyriaPlanum-20190811.jpg|Dust deposits-transverse aeolian ridges (TARs)-Syria Planum.
Image:PIA23513-Mars-DustTower-20101130.jpg|Dust tower on Mars between ] and ].
Image:PIA24468-Mars-Scallops-20210322.jpg|Scallop landforms (March 22, 2021).
Image:PIA22896-Mars-SpiderlikeTerrain-20181211.jpg|] on Mars.
Image:PIA24470-Mars-Ridges-20210322.jpg|Mars ridges<br />(March 22, 2021).
Image:Avalanche on North pole scarp on Mars.jpg|Mars ]<br />]<br />(November 27, 2011).
Image:PIA24035-Mars-Avalanche-20190529.jpg|Mars ]<br />]<br />(May 29, 2019).
</gallery>
{{clear}}


==See also== ==See also==
{{Portal|Geology|Solar System}} {{Portal|Geology|Solar System}}
{{div col|colwidth=22em}} {{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* ]
* {{annotated link|Chemical gardening}}
* {{annotated link|Composition of Mars}} * ]
* {{annotated link|Geology of Mars}}
* {{annotated link|Formation of rocks}}
* ] * ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* {{annotated link|Martian soil}} * ]
* ] * ]
* {{annotated link|Planetary nomenclature}}
* {{annotated link|Rock cycle}}
* {{annotated link|Water on Mars}}
{{div col end}} {{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links== ==External links==
{{commons category|Rocks on Mars}} {{commons category|Rocks on Mars}}
* (], 2014) ( / ] / ] / ). * (], 2014) ( / ] / ] / ).
* Google Images: and
* *
* *
* *
* *
*
* (], ]) (video, 38m, April 2014).
* {{YouTube|_oiAVmgLPpY|Co-Evolution of Life and Rocks}} (], ]) (video, 70m, July 2019).


{{Mars}} {{Mars}}
{{MSL}} {{MSL}}
{{Geography of Mars}} {{Geography of Mars}}
{{Portal bar|Astronomy|Biology|Geology|Solar System}}

]
]

Revision as of 11:04, 25 July 2024

Alphabetical list of named rocks and meteorites found on Mars "Martian rocks" redirects here. For Martian meteorites found on Earth, see List of Martian meteorites.

Martian rocks and outcrops have been studied in-situ by various landers and rovers. While many of the rocks identified on the Martian surface are similar to each other, some have been considered scientifically important or otherwise notable and have been subjected to more extensive study or public interest.

Names for Mars rocks are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the International Astronomical Union's official Martian naming system declares that objects smaller than 100 m (330 ft) are not to be given official names. Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion among researchers. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees.


Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder 1997):

Spirit rover (Mars Exploration Rover, 2004 – 2010):

Opportunity rover (Mars Exploration Rover, 2004 - 2018):

Curiosity rover (Mars Science Laboratory, 2012 - present):

See also

External links

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  1. "Why – and How – NASA Gives a Name to Every Spot It Studies on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
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