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'''Mohammad Vali Mirza''' ({{langx|fa|محمدولی میرزا}}) was a ] prince, governor and military officer in 19th-century ]. He was one of the eldest sons of ] ({{reign|1797|1834}}). '''Mohammad Vali Mirza''' ({{langx|fa|محمدولی میرزا}}; 1789–1864) was a ] prince, governor and military officer in 19th-century ]. He was one of the eldest sons of ] ({{reign|1797|1834}}).


== Biography == == Biography ==

Revision as of 16:39, 14 January 2025

Governor of Semnan from 1799 to 1802
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Mohammad Vali Mirza
Photograph of Mohammad Vali Mirza
Governor of Semnan
Tenure1799–1802
PredecessorHossein Qoli Khan Qajar
SuccessorUnknown
Governor of Khorasan
Tenure1802–1816
SuccessorHasan Ali Mirza
Born1789
Nava, Mazandaran, Iran
Died1864
Issue12, including Mehdi-Qoli Mirza Qajar
DynastyQajar
FatherFath-Ali Shah Qajar
MotherBibi Kuchak Khanum
ReligionTwelver Shia Islam

Mohammad Vali Mirza (Persian: محمدولی میرزا; 1789–1864) was a Qajar prince, governor and military officer in 19th-century Iran. He was one of the eldest sons of Fath-Ali Shah (r. 1797–1834).

Biography

Background and early career

Mohammad Vali Mirza was born in 1789 in the village of Nava in Mazandaran, northern Iran. He was the third or fourth son of Fath-Ali Shah (r. 1797–1834), the second Qajar ruler of Iran. His mother was a Bakhtiari named Bibi Kuchak Khanum. Three of his brothers were also born in the same year; Abbas Mirza, the heir apparent and future governor of the Azerbaijan province; Mohammad-Ali Mirza Dowlatshah, who was the eldest and future governor of the Kermanshah, Lorestan and Khuzestan provinces; Hossein Ali Mirza, a persistent schemer and future governor of the Fars province. Intense competition would emerge between these brothers. During his childhood, Mohammad Vali Mirza helped escort Dowlatshah to safety after the latter had made a rude remark to Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789–1797). In 1799, Mohammad Vali Mirza was appointed as the governor of the town of Semnan, thus succeeding Fath-Ali Shah's brother Hossein Qoli Khan Qajar, who had been dissatisfied with his post.

Term as governor of Khorasan

In the autumn of 1802, Mohammad Vali Mirza was appointed as the governor of Khorasan by Fath-Ali Shah, who was at the time besieging Mashhad, the provincial capital of the province. The city had been captured by Nader Mirza Afshar, the son of the last Afsharid ruler, Shahrokh Shah (r. 1748–1796). Fath-Ali Shah returned to Tehran and assigned the task of recapturing Mashhad to Mohammad Vali Mirza, who succeeded in early 1803. Mohammad Vali Mirza's passion for hunting and outdoor activities, along with his previous tenure as governor, were highlighted by Qajar chroniclers as evidence of his readiness for the position. According to the Iranian historian Assef Ashraf; "How hunting and effective governing are linked is not entirely clear, but a clue lies in the fact that the prince would take khans and notables (khwānīn va aʿyān) with him on hunting expeditions, perhaps as an effort to draw closer ties with them."

Khilats (robes of honour) were crucial in forging and preserving political connections with the local leaders in Khorasan during the early rule of Fath-Ali Shah, and particularly during Mohammad Vali Mirza's governorship of Khorasan. Officials demonstrating loyalty and appointees to lower positions were recipients of numerous khilats from Fath-Ali Shah and Mohammad Vali Mirza. Approximately 1,200 khilats were handed out to the khans and military leaders in Khorasan during the second year of Mohammad Vali Mirza's tenure in Khorasan.

Legacy and assessment

Mohammad Vali Mirza is described in the Persian texts as a wise and skilled astrologer, who was able to foresee the future, and someone who enjoyed traditional customs. However, the British Iranologist Gavin R.G. Hambly described him as "violent and intemperate."

References

  1. ^ Farmanfarmaian 2011, p. 221.
  2. ^ Farmanfarmaian 2011, p. 221 (note 12).
  3. Amanat 1999, pp. 407–421.
  4. Hambly 1991, pp. 149–151.
  5. ^ Ashraf 2024, p. 280.
  6. Bamdad 1972, p. 28.
  7. ^ Hambly 1991, p. 165.
  8. Amanat 1997, p. 114.
  9. Ashraf 2024, p. 281.
  10. Farmanfarmaian 2011, p. 220.
  11. Hambly 1991, p. 150.

Sources

Princes of Qajar Iran
The generations are numbered from the ascension of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar.
1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
4th generation
5th generation
6th generation
7th generation
8th generation
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