Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 09:56, 26 November 2007

Misplaced Pages

Screenshot of Misplaced Pages's multilingual portal
Type of site	Online encyclopedia
Available in	236 active editions (253 in total)
Headquarters	Miami, Florida
Owner	Wikimedia Foundation
Created by	Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger
URL	http://www.wikipedia.org
Commercial	No
Registration	Optional

Misplaced Pages (Template:IPAEng, or /ˌwiːkiˈpeɪdiə/) (Audio (U.S.)) is a multilingual, web-based, encyclopedia project operated by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Many language versions of Misplaced Pages are free content, while others, such as the English version, include non-free material.

As of November 2007, Misplaced Pages had approximately 9.1 million articles in 252 languages, comprising a combined total of over 1.41 billion words for all Wikipedias. The English Misplaced Pages edition passed the 2,000,000 article mark on September 9 2007, and as of November 20 2007 it had over 2,095,000 articles consisting of over 902,000,000 words. Misplaced Pages's articles have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world and the vast majority of them can be edited by anyone with access to the Internet. Steadily rising in popularity since its inception, it currently ranks among the top ten most-visited websites worldwide.

Misplaced Pages's name is a portmanteau of the words wiki (a type of collaborative website) and encyclopedia. Its main servers are in Tampa, Florida, with additional servers located in Amsterdam and Seoul. The Wikimedia Foundation has announced that it plans to move its headquarters from St. Petersburg, Florida to San Francisco, California in February 2008.

Critics have questioned Misplaced Pages's reliability and accuracy, citing its open nature. The site has been criticized for its susceptibility to vandalism, such as the insertion of profanities or random letters into articles, and the addition of false or unverified information, uneven quality, systemic bias and inconsistencies, and for favoring consensus over credentials in its editorial process.

Misplaced Pages's content policies and sub-projects set up by contributors seek to address these concerns. Scholarly work suggests that vandalism is generally short-lived and that Misplaced Pages is generally as accurate as other encyclopedias.

In addition to being an encyclopedic reference, Misplaced Pages has also received major media attention as an online source of breaking news as it is constantly updated, having some 6.8 million registered users worldwide, although only a small part is consistently active. When "You" was awarded Time Person of the Year 2006, praising the accelerating success of on-line collaboration and interaction by millions of users around the world, Misplaced Pages was the first particular "Web 2.0" service mentioned, followed by YouTube and MySpace.

History

Misplaced Pages began as a complementary project for Nupedia, a free online English-language encyclopedia project whose articles were written by experts and reviewed by a formal process. Nupedia was founded on March 9 2000, under the ownership of Bomis, Inc, a web portal company. Its principal figures were Jimmy Wales, Bomis CEO, and Larry Sanger, editor-in-chief for Nupedia and later Misplaced Pages. Nupedia was licensed initially under its own Nupedia Open Content License, switching to the GNU Free Documentation License before Misplaced Pages's founding at the urging of Richard Stallman.

On January 10 2001, Larry Sanger proposed on the Nupedia mailing list to create a wiki as a "feeder" project for Nupedia. Misplaced Pages was formally launched on January 15 2001, as a single English-language edition at http://www.wikipedia.com/, and announced by Sanger on the Nupedia mailing list. Misplaced Pages's policy of "neutral point-of-view" was codified in its initial months, and was similar to Nupedia's earlier "nonbiased" policy. Otherwise, there were relatively few rules initially and Misplaced Pages operated independently of Nupedia. Misplaced Pages gained early contributors from Nupedia, Slashdot postings, and search engine indexing. It grew to approximately 20,000 articles, and 18 language editions, by the end of 2001. By late 2002 it had reached 26 language editions , 46 by the end of 2003, and 161 by the closing stages 2004. Nupedia and Misplaced Pages coexisted until the former's servers went down permanently in 2003, and its text was incorporated into Misplaced Pages.

Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales are the founders of Misplaced Pages. Although Wales is credited with defining the goal of making a publicly editable encyclopedia, Sanger is usually credited with the strategy of using a wiki to reach that goal.

Citing fears of commercial advertising and lack of control in a perceived English-centric Misplaced Pages, users of the Spanish Misplaced Pages forked from Misplaced Pages to create the Enciclopedia Libre in February 2002. Later that year, Wales announced that Misplaced Pages would not display advertisements, and its website was moved to wikipedia.org. Various other projects have since forked from Misplaced Pages for editorial reasons. Wikinfo does not require neutral point of view and allows original research. New Misplaced Pages-inspired projects — such as Citizendium, Scholarpedia and Amapedia — have been started to address perceived limitations of Misplaced Pages, such as its policies on peer review, original research and commercial advertising.

The Wikimedia Foundation was created from Misplaced Pages and Nupedia on June 20 2003.

The Wikimedia Foundation applied to the United States Patent and Trademark Office to trademark Misplaced Pages® on September 17 2004. The mark was granted registration status on January 10 2006. Trademark protection was accorded by Japan on December 16 2004 and in the European Union on January 20 2005. Technically a service mark, the scope of the mark is for: "Provision of information in the field of general encyclopedic knowledge via the Internet". There are plans to license the usage of the Misplaced Pages trademark for some products, such as books or DVDs.

As of October 2007, English Misplaced Pages had over 2 million articles, making it the largest encyclopedia ever assembled, eclipsing even the Yongle Encyclopedia (1407), which held the record for nearly 600 years.

Historically, Misplaced Pages has been steadily gaining status since its inception. As of 2007, according to Alexa’s top 500 websites, by number of visitors, Misplaced Pages has become the tenth most visited website world-wide.

Authorship and management

Maintenance tasks are performed by a group of volunteers; these include developers of the MediaWiki software, and other trusted users with various permission levels including "steward", "bureaucrat" and "administrator." Administrators are the largest group of specially privileged users, and have the ability to delete (remove) pages, lock articles from being changed, and deter users from editing. Much of the coordination of the editing of Misplaced Pages takes place on the "Talk" pages associated with each individual article.

Economy

Misplaced Pages is funded through the Wikimedia Foundation. Its 4th Quarter 2005 costs were $321,000 USD, with hardware making up almost 60% of the budget. The Wikimedia Foundation currently relies primarily on private donations, and holds regular fundraisers; the January 2007 fundraiser raised just over $1 million.

Software and hardware

The operation of Misplaced Pages depends on MediaWiki, a custom-made, free and open source wiki software platform written in PHP and built upon the MySQL database. The software incorporates programming features such as a macro language, variables, a transclusion system for templates, and URL redirection. MediaWiki is licensed under the GNU General Public License and used by all Wikimedia projects, as well as many other wiki projects. Originally, Misplaced Pages ran on UseModWiki written in Perl by Clifford Adams (Phase I), which initially required CamelCase for article hyperlinks; the present double bracket style was incorporated later. Starting in January 2002 (Phase II), Misplaced Pages began running on a PHP wiki engine with a MySQL database; this software was custom-made for Misplaced Pages by Magnus Manske. The Phase II software was repeatedly modified to accommodate the exponentially increasing demand. In July 2002 (Phase III), Misplaced Pages shifted to the third-generation software, MediaWiki, originally written by Lee Daniel Crocker.

Misplaced Pages runs on dedicated clusters of Linux servers in Florida and in two other locations. Misplaced Pages employed a single server until 2004, when the server setup was expanded into a distributed multitier architecture. In January 2005, the project ran on 39 dedicated servers located in Florida. This configuration included a single master database server running MySQL, multiple slave database servers, 21 web servers running the Apache HTTP Server, and seven Squid cache servers. By September 2005, its server cluster had grown to around 100 servers in three locations around the world.

Page requests are first passed to a front-end layer of Squid caching servers. Requests that cannot be served from the Squid cache are sent to load-balancing servers running the Linux Virtual Server software, which in turn pass the request to one of the Apache web servers for page rendering from the database. The web servers deliver pages as requested, performing page rendering for all the language editions of Misplaced Pages. To increase speed further, rendered pages for anonymous users are cached in a distributed memory cache until invalidated, allowing page rendering to be skipped entirely for most common page accesses. Two larger clusters in the Netherlands and Korea now handle much of Misplaced Pages's traffic load.

Language editions

This section relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this section by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: "Misplaced Pages" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

There are presently 253 language editions of Misplaced Pages; of these, 15 have over 100,000 articles and 145 have over 1,000 articles. The English subdomain (en.wikipedia.org) receives approximately 55% of Misplaced Pages's cumulative traffic, with the remaining split among the other languages (Spanish: 17%, Japanese 4%, German: 4%, Polish: 3%, French: 3%, Portuguese: 2%).

Since Misplaced Pages is web-based and therefore worldwide, contributors of a same language edition may use different dialects or may come from different countries (as is the case for the English edition). These differences may lead to some conflicts over spelling differences, (e.g. color vs. colour) or points of view. Though the various language editions are held to global policies such as "neutral point of view," they diverge on some points of policy and practice, most notably on whether images that are not licensed freely may be used under a claim of fair use.

Misplaced Pages has been described as "an effort to create and distribute a 💕 of the highest possible quality to every single person on the planet in their own language". Though each language edition functions more or less independently, some efforts are made to supervise them all. They are coordinated in part by Meta-Wiki, the Wikimedia Foundation's wiki devoted to maintaining all of its projects (Misplaced Pages and others). For instance, Meta-Wiki provides important statistics on all language editions of Misplaced Pages and maintain a list of articles every Misplaced Pages should have. The list concerns basic content by subject: biography, history, geography, society, culture, science, technology, foodstuffs, and mathematics. As for the rest, it is not rare for articles strongly related to a particular language not to have counterparts in another edition. For example, articles about small towns in the United States might only be available in English.

Multilingual editors of sufficient fluency are encouraged to translate articles manually; automated translation of articles is explicitly disallowed. Translated articles represent only a small portion of articles in most editions. Articles available in more than one language may offer "InterWiki" links, usually in their left margin, which link to the counterpart articles in other editions. Images and other non-verbal media are shared among the various language editions through the Wikimedia Commons repository. Beyond translations, some multilingual efforts are also realised thanks to the Multilingual coordination.

Content redistribution

Several language versions have published a selection of[REDACTED] articles on a DVD version. An English version developed by Linterweb contains "1964 + articles". The Polish version contains nearly 240000 articles. There are also a few German versions.

Reliability and bias

Misplaced Pages appeals to the authority of peer-reviewed publications rather than the personal authority of experts. Misplaced Pages does not require that its contributors give their legal names or provide other information to establish their identity. A study by researchers from Dartmouth College found that anonymous and infrequent contributors to Misplaced Pages are as reliable a source of knowledge as those contributors who register with the site. Although some contributors are authorities in their field, Misplaced Pages requires that even their contributions be supported by published and verifiable sources.

Misplaced Pages tries to address the problem of systemic bias, and to deal with zealous editors who seek to influence the presentation of an article in a biased way, by insisting on a neutral point of view. The English-language Misplaced Pages has introduced an assessment scale against which the quality of articles is judged; other editions have also adopted this. Roughly 1500 articles have passed a rigorous set of criteria to reach the highest rank, "featured article" status; such articles are intended to provide thorough, well-written coverage of their topic, supported by many references to peer-reviewed publications.

In a study of Misplaced Pages as a community, economics Ph.D. student Andrea Ciffolilli argued that the low transaction costs of participating in wiki software create a catalyst for collaborative development, and that a "creative construction" approach encourages participation.

In February 2007, an article in The Harvard Crimson newspaper reported that some of the professors at Harvard University do include Misplaced Pages in their syllabus, but that there is a split in their perception of using Misplaced Pages.

In June 2007, former president of the American Library Association Michael Gorman condemned Misplaced Pages, along with Google, stating that academics who endorse the use of Misplaced Pages are “the intel­lectual equivalent of a dietician who recommends a steady diet of Big Macs with everything,” He also said that “a generation of intellectual sluggards incapable of moving beyond the Internet” was being produced at universities. He complains that the web-based sources are discouraging students from learning from the more rare texts which are either found only on paper or are on subscription-only web sites. In the same article Jenny Fry (a research fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute) commented on the academics who cite Misplaced Pages that:

“You cannot say children are intellectually lazy because they are using the Internet when academics are using search engines in their research,” she said. “The difference is that they have more experience of being critical about what is retrieved and whether it is authoritative. Children need to be told how to use the Internet in a critical and appropriate way.”

Criticism

Misplaced Pages has been accused of exhibiting systemic bias and inconsistency; critics argue that Misplaced Pages's open nature and a lack of proper sources for much of the information makes it unreliable. Some commentators suggest that Misplaced Pages is usually reliable, but that it is not always clear how much. The project's preference for consensus over credentials has been labeled "anti-elitism". Editors of traditional reference works such as the Encyclopædia Britannica have questioned the project's utility and status as an encyclopedia. Many university lecturers discourage students from citing any encyclopedia in academic work, preferring primary sources; some specifically prohibit Misplaced Pages citations. Co-founder Jimmy Wales stresses that encyclopedias of any type are not usually appropriate as primary sources, and should not be relied upon as authoritative. Technology writer Bill Thompson commented that the debate was possibly "symptomatic of much learning about information which is happening in society today."

In order to improve reliability, some editors have called for "stable versions" of articles, or articles that have been reviewed by the community and locked from further editing – but these efforts have proven unsuccessful due to community disagreement and the fact that it would require a major software overhaul. However a similar version is being tested on the German Misplaced Pages, and there is an expectation that some form of that system will make its way onto the English version at some future time. Software created by Luca de Alfaro and colleagues at the University of California, Santa Cruz is now being tested that will assign "trust ratings" to individual Misplaced Pages contributors, with the intention that eventually only edits made by those who have established themselves as "trusted editors" will be made immediately visible.

Concerns have also been raised regarding the lack of accountability that results from users' anonymity, and that it is vulnerable to vandalism and similar problems. In one particularly well-publicized incident, false information was introduced into the biography of John Seigenthaler, Sr. and remained undetected for four months. Some critics claim that Misplaced Pages's open structure makes it an easy target for Internet trolls, advertisers, and those with an agenda to push. The addition of political spin to articles by organizations including the U.S. House of Representatives and special interest groups has been noted, and organizations such as Microsoft have offered financial incentives to work on certain articles. These issues have been parodied, notably by Stephen Colbert in The Colbert Report.

Misplaced Pages's community has been described as "cult-like," although not always with entirely negative connotations, and criticised for failing to accommodate inexperienced users. While praising many aspects of Misplaced Pages, historian Roy Rosenzweig notes: "Overall, writing is the Achilles’ heel of Misplaced Pages. Committees rarely write well, and Misplaced Pages entries often have a choppy quality that results from the stringing together of sentences or paragraphs written by different people."

Misplaced Pages's content policies and sub-projects set up by contributors seek to address these concerns. Several scholarly studies have concluded that vandalism is generally short-lived, and that Misplaced Pages is roughly as accurate as other online encyclopedias.

In August 2007, a new website developed by computer science graduate student Virgil Griffith named WikiScanner made its public debut. WikiScanner traces the source of millions of changes made to Misplaced Pages by editors who are not logged in, and has revealed some interesting and controversial edits its first few days of use. Many of these edits came from corporations or sovereign government agencies about articles related to them, their personnel or their work, and were attempts to remove criticism.

Wales called WikiScanner "a very clever idea," and said that he was considering some changes to Misplaced Pages to help visitors better understand what information is recorded about them. "When someone clicks on ‘edit,’ it would be interesting if we could say, ‘Hi, thank you for editing. We see you’re logged in from The New York Times. Keep in mind that we know that, and it’s public information,’" he said. "That might make them stop and think."

Due to the large number of links and content citations it contains, Misplaced Pages is impractical for use with screen reading technology.

Cultural significance

Misplaced Pages's content has also been used in academic studies, books, conferences, and court cases. The Parliament of Canada's website refers to Misplaced Pages's article on same-sex marriage in the "related links" section of its "further reading" list for the Civil Marriage Act. The encyclopedia's assertions are increasingly used as a source by organizations such as the U.S. Federal Courts and the World Intellectual Property Office — though mainly for supporting information rather than information decisive to a case. A French court has ruled that the Wikimedia Foundation is not legally liable for inaccurate or potentially defamatory information posted to the site.

Misplaced Pages has also been used as a source in journalism, sometimes without attribution. (Several reporters have been dismissed for plagiarizing from Misplaced Pages.) In July 2007, Misplaced Pages was the focus of a 30 minute documentary on BBC Radio 4 which argued that, with increased usage and awareness, the number of references to Misplaced Pages in popular culture is such that the term is one of a select band of 21st century nouns that are so familiar (Google, Facebook, YouTube) that they no longer need explanation and are on a par with such 20th century terms as Hoovering or Coke. Many parody Misplaced Pages's openness, with characters vandalizing or modifying the online encyclopedia project's articles. Notably, comedian Stephen Colbert has parodied or referenced Misplaced Pages on numerous episodes of his show The Colbert Report and coined the related term "wikiality". Websites such as Uncyclopedia have also been set up parodying Misplaced Pages; its Main Page claims that it is the "content-💕 that anyone can edit," parodying the English Misplaced Pages's welcome message on its Main Page.

The first documentary film about Misplaced Pages, entitled Truth in Numbers: The Misplaced Pages Story, is scheduled for 2008 release. Shot on several continents, the film will cover the history of Misplaced Pages and feature interviews with Misplaced Pages editors around the world.

On 28 September, 2007, Italian politician Franco Grillini raised a parliamentary question with the Minister of Cultural Resources and Activities about the necessity of freedom of panorama. He said that the lack of such freedom forced Misplaced Pages, "the seventh most consulted website" to forbid all images of modern Italian buildings and art, and claimed this was hugely damaging to tourist revenues.

On September 16, 2007, The Washington Post reported that Misplaced Pages has become a focal point in the 2008 election campaign, saying, "Type a candidate's name into Google, and among the first results is a Misplaced Pages page, making those entries arguably as important as any ad in defining a candidate. Already, the presidential entries are being edited, dissected and debated countless times each day." An October 2007 Reuters article, entitled "Misplaced Pages page the latest status symbol", reported the recent phenomenon of how having a Misplaced Pages article vindicates one's notability.

Misplaced Pages won two major awards in May 2004. The first was a Golden Nica for Digital Communities of the annual Prix Ars Electronica contest; this came with a €10,000 (£6,588; $12,700) grant and an invitation to present at the PAE Cyberarts Festival in Austria later that year. The second was a Judges' Webby Award for the "community" category. Misplaced Pages was also nominated for a "Best Practices" Webby. In September 2004, the Japanese Misplaced Pages was awarded a Web Creation Award from the Japan Advertisers Association. This award, normally given to individuals for great contributions to the Web in Japanese, was accepted by a long-standing contributor on behalf of the project.

In a 2006 Multiscope research study, the Dutch Misplaced Pages was rated the third best Dutch language site, after Google and Gmail, with a score of 8.1. On January 26 2007, Misplaced Pages was also awarded the fifth highest brand ranking by the readers of brandchannel.com, receiving 15% of the votes in answer to the question "Which brand had the most impact on our lives in 2006?" Jimmy Wales was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by TIME Magazine in 2006. In 2006, the Russian Misplaced Pages won the "Science and education" category of the "Runet Prize" (Russian: Премия Рунета) award, supervised by the Russian government agency FAPMC.

In November 2006, Turkish Misplaced Pages was nominated under the Science category for the Altın Örümcek Web Ödülleri (Golden Spider Web Awards), which are commonly known as the "Web Oscars" for Turkey. In January 2007, Turkish Misplaced Pages was given the award for "Best Content" in this competition. The award was given in a ceremony on January 25 2007 at Istanbul Technical University.

Related projects

A number of interactive multimedia encyclopedias incorporating entries written by the public existed long before Misplaced Pages was founded. The first of these was the 1986 BBC Domesday Project, which included text (entered on BBC Micro computers) and photographs from over 1 million contributors in the UK, and covering the geography, art and culture of the UK. This was the first interactive multimedia encyclopedia (and was also the first major multimedia document connected through internal links), with the majority of articles being accessible through an interactive map of the UK. The user-interface and part of the content of the Domesday Project have now been emulated on a website. One of the most successful early online encyclopedias incorporating entries by the public was h2g2, which was also created by the BBC. The h2g2 encyclopedia was relatively light-hearted, focusing on articles which were both witty and informative. Both of these projects had similarities with Misplaced Pages, but neither gave full editorial freedom to public users.

Misplaced Pages has also spawned several sister projects. The first, "In Memoriam: September 11 Wiki", created in October 2002, detailed the September 11, 2001 attacks; this project was closed in October 2006. Wiktionary, a dictionary project, was launched in December 2002; Wikiquote, a collection of quotations, a week after Wikimedia launched, and Wikibooks, a collection of collaboratively written free books, the next month. Wikimedia has since started a number of other projects.

A similar non-wiki project, the GNUpedia project, co-existed with Nupedia early in its history; however, it has been retired and its creator, free software figure Richard Stallman, has lent his support to Misplaced Pages.

Other websites centered on collaborative knowledge base development have drawn inspiration from or inspired Misplaced Pages. Some, such as Susning.nu, Enciclopedia Libre, and WikiZnanie likewise employ no formal review process, whereas others use more traditional peer review, such as the expert-written Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, h2g2 and Everything2.

Jimmy Wales, the de facto leader of Misplaced Pages, said in an interview in regard to the online encyclopedia Citizendium which is overviewed by experts in their respective fields: "We welcome a diversity of efforts. If Larry's project is able to produce good work, we will benefit from it by copying it back into Misplaced Pages."

See also

• Congressional staffer edits to Misplaced Pages
• Googlepedia
• List of encyclopedias
• List of wikis
• Open content
• User-generated content
• Misplaced Pages:Press coverage

References

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59. Stacy Schiff (2006-07-31). "Know It All". The New Yorker. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
60. Robert McHenry, "The Faith-Based Encyclopedia", Tech Central Station, November 15 2004.
61. "Wide World of WIKIPEDIA". The Emory Wheel. April 21 2006. Retrieved 2007-10-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
62. Jaschik, Scott (2007-01-26). "A Stand Against Misplaced Pages". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved 2007-01-27. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
63. Helm, Burt (2005-12-14). "Misplaced Pages: "A Work in Progress"". BusinessWeek. Retrieved 2007-01-29. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
64. Thompson, Bill (2005-12-16). "What is it with Misplaced Pages?". BBC. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
65. http://meta.wikimedia.org/Reviewed_article_version
66. http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Stable_versions
67. http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Flagged_revisions
68. Giles, Jim (2007-09-20). "Misplaced Pages 2.0 - now with added trust". NewScientist.com news service.
69. ^ Seigenthaler, John (2005-11-29). "A False Misplaced Pages 'biography'". USA Today.
70. Public Information Research - Misplaced Pages Watch. Retrieved on 2007-01-28.
71. "Toward a New Compendium of Knowledge (longer version)". Citizendium.org. Retrieved 2006-10-10.
72. Kleinz, Torsten (February, 2005). "World of Knowledge" (PDF). The Misplaced Pages Project. Linux Magazine. Retrieved 2007-07-13. The Misplaced Pages's open structure makes it a target for trolls and vandals who malevolently add incorrect information to articles, get other people tied up in endless discussions, and generally do everything to draw attention to themselves. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
73. Kane, Margaret (2006-01-30). "Politicians notice Misplaced Pages". CNET. Retrieved 2007-01-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
74. Bergstein, Brian (2007-01-23). "Microsoft offers cash for Misplaced Pages edit". MSNBC. Retrieved 2007-02-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
75. ^ Caroline McCarthy (2006-08-01). "Colbert speaks, America follows: All Hail Wikiality!". c-net news.com. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
76. Arthur, Charles (2005-12-15). "Log on and join in, but beware the web cults". The Guardian. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
77. Lu Stout, Kristie (2003-08-04). "Misplaced Pages: The know-it-all Web site". CNN. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
78. "Wikinfo (2005-03-30). "Critical views of Misplaced Pages". Retrieved 2007-01-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
79. Rosenzweig, Roy. "Can History be Open Source? Misplaced Pages and the Future of the Past". The Journal of American History Volume 93, Number 1 (June, 2006): 117-46. Retrieved 2007-10-29.
80. "Misplaced Pages:WikiProject", English Misplaced Pages. Retrieved on 2007-01-29.
81. ^ Hafner, Katie (2007-08-19). "Seeing Corporate Fingerprints From the Editing of Misplaced Pages". The New York Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
82. "Misplaced Pages:Misplaced Pages in the media", Misplaced Pages
83. "Bourgeois et al v. Peters et al." (PDF). Retrieved 2007-02-06.
84. C-38, LEGISINFO (March 28 2005)
85. Arias, Martha L. (2007-01-29). "Misplaced Pages: The Free Online Encyclopedia and its Use as Court Source". Internet Business Law Services. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |title= (help)
86. Cohen, Noam (2007-01-29). "Courts Turn to Misplaced Pages, but Selectively". New York Times. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
87. "Misplaced Pages cleared in French defamation case". Reuters. 2007-11-02. Retrieved 2007-11-02.
88. "Basayev: Russia's most wanted man". CNN. 2004-09-08. Retrieved 2007-07-30. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
89. Shizuoka newspaper plagiarized Misplaced Pages article, Japan News Review, July 5 2007
90. "Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered", San Antonio Express-News, January 9 2007.
91. "Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal", Honolulu Star-Bulletin, January 13 2007.
92. Radio 4 Documentary
93. "Main Page". Uncyclopedia. 2007-01-26. Retrieved 2007-01-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
94. http://wikidocumentary.wikia.com/Main_Page
95. Hart, Hugh (March 11, 2007). "Industry Buzz". SFGate.com. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
96. "Comunicato stampa. On. Franco Grillini. Misplaced Pages. Interrogazione a Rutelli. Con "diritto di panorama" promuovere arte e architettura contemporanea italiana. Rivedere con urgenza legge copyright". 12 October 2007.
97. Jose Antonio Vargas (2007-09-17). "On Misplaced Pages, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet". The Washington Post.
98. Jennifer Ablan (2007-10-22). "Misplaced Pages page the latest status symbol". Routers. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
99. "Trophy Box", Meta-Wiki (March 28 2005).
100. "Webby Awards 2004". The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences. 2004. Retrieved 2007-06-19.
101. Nederlandse Misplaced Pages groeit als kool (Website in Dutch Language), Recovered December 27 2006
102. Zumpano, Anthony (2007-01-29). "Similar Search Results: Google Wins". Interbrand. Retrieved 2007-01-28. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
103. Anderson, Chris (2006-04-30). "Jimmy Wales". TIME. Retrieved 2006-12-18. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
104. Template:Ru iconMajor award of Russian Internet became a state one — Lenta.ru, August 29 2005
105. Web-based emulator of the Domesday Project User Interface and data from the Community Disc (contributions from the general public) -- most articles can be accessed using the interactive map
106. "sep11memories.org/". Retrieved 2007-02-06.
107. First edit to the wiki In Memoriam: September 11 wiki (October 28 2002)
108. "In Memoriam",In Memoriam: September 11 Wiki (October 31 2006)
109. "Announcement of Wiktionary's creation", December 12 2002. Retrieved on 2007-02-02.
110. "Our projects", Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-01-24
111. Richard Stallman (1999). "The 💕 Project". Free Software Foundation.
112. Frith, Holden (March 26, 2007). "Misplaced Pages founder launches rival online encyclopedia". The Times. Retrieved 2007-06-27. Misplaced Pages's de facto leader, Jimmy Wales, stood by the site's format. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) — Holden Frith.
113. Orlowski, Andrew (September 18, 2006). "Misplaced Pages founder forks Misplaced Pages, More experts, less fiddling?". The Register. Retrieved 2007-06-27. Larry Sanger describes the Citizendium project as a "progressive or gradual fork", with the major difference that experts have the final say over edits. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) — Andrew Orlowski.
114. Lyman, Jay (September 20, 2006). "Misplaced Pages Co-Founder Planning New Expert-Authored Site". LinuxInsider. Retrieved 2007-06-27.

External links

2. Part 2

• Misplaced Pages - multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions of the project)
• Misplaced Pages at the Open Directory Project
• CBC News: I, editor
• Help Edit Misplaced Pages A wikiHow article.
• Class assignment: Write an original Misplaced Pages article

Template:Link FA

• Internet history
• Web 2.0
• Misplaced Pages
• 💕s
• Online encyclopedias
• General encyclopedias
• Wikis
• 2001 establishments
• Wikimedia projects