Académie Française: Difference between revisions

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	The '''Académie Française''' (~~] a-ka-de-mi fra~-sɛz) (literally,~~ French Academy) is a ~~French~~ body founded in ] when ] granted the charter of an "academy of Music and Poetry" to the poet Antoine de Baïf and ~~the~~ musician, Gourville, who named it "Académie Française." On ], ], ] (minister of ]) expanded it into a ] for the artistic elite.		The '''Académie Française''' (French Academy) is an academic body founded in ], when ] granted the charter of an "academy of Music and Poetry" to the poet ] and a musician named Gourville, who named it the Académie Française. On ], ], ] (minister of ]) expanded it into a ] for the artistic elite.

	The ''Académie~~'', located in ],~~ is the French official authority on ~~usage~~, vocabulary, and grammar of the ], although its recommendations carry no legal power and are ~~even~~ sometimes disregarded by governmental authorities. It also encourages the use of French worldwide and awards literary prizes.		The Académie is the French official authority on the usages, vocabulary, and grammar of the ], although its recommendations carry no legal power and are sometimes disregarded even by governmental authorities. It also encourages the use of French worldwide and awards literary prizes.

	As French culture and language have come under increasing pressure with the widespread availability of ] media, the ''Académie'' has tried to prevent the ] of the French language. It is as a direct result of a decision of the ''Académie'' that the French word for "computer" is "''ordinateur''" and that the field of study dealing with computers is known as "''informatique''."		As French culture and language have come under increasing pressure with the widespread availability of ] media, the Académie has tried to prevent the ] of the French language. It is as a direct result of a decision of the Académie that the French word for "computer" is "''ordinateur''" and that the field of study dealing with computers is known as "''informatique''."

	The ''Académie'' itself is composed of forty members, known as the ''immortels'' (immortals) because they serve for life. Famous current and former ''immortels'' include author ], author and director ], poet and filmmaker ], playwright ], anthropologist ], and physicist ].		The Académie itself is composed of forty members, known as the ''immortels'' (immortals) because they serve for life. Famous current and former ''immortels'' include author ], author and director ], poet and filmmaker ], playwright ], anthropologist ], and physicist ].

	The ''Académie'' is ~~tasked~~ with publishing an official dictionary of the French language. It has done so in ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and in ]-]. The ''Académie'' continues work on the most recent (ninth) ] edition of the dictionary, of which the first volume (''A'' to ''Enzyme'') appeared in 1992, and the second volume (''Éocène'' to ''Mappemonde'') appeared in ].		The Académie is charged with publishing an official dictionary of the French language. It has done so in ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and in ]-]. The Académie continues work on the most recent (ninth) ] edition of the dictionary, of which the first volume (''A'' to ''Enzyme'') appeared in 1992, and the second volume (''Éocène'' to ''Mappemonde'') appeared in ].

	==Members of the Académie Française==		==Members of the Académie Française==

	The ''Académie'' has 40 seats. Each member is elected to a specific seat, when one has become vacant. The list below gives the names of the academicians by seat number. The indented lists are the historical academicians for the seats.		The Académie has 40 seats. Each member is elected to a specific seat, when one has become vacant. The list below gives the names of the academicians by seat number. The indented lists are the historical academicians for the seats.

			===Current members===

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			===Members listed historically by seat===
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	===Seat 1===		===Seat 1===

Revision as of 02:46, 12 January 2004

The Académie Française (French Academy) is an academic body founded in 1570, when King Charles IX granted the charter of an "academy of Music and Poetry" to the poet Antoine de Baïf and a musician named Gourville, who named it the Académie Française. On February 10, 1635, Armand-Jean Cardinal Richelieu (minister of Louis XIII) expanded it into a national academy for the artistic elite.

The Académie is the French official authority on the usages, vocabulary, and grammar of the French language, although its recommendations carry no legal power and are sometimes disregarded even by governmental authorities. It also encourages the use of French worldwide and awards literary prizes.

As French culture and language have come under increasing pressure with the widespread availability of English media, the Académie has tried to prevent the anglicisation of the French language. It is as a direct result of a decision of the Académie that the French word for "computer" is "ordinateur" and that the field of study dealing with computers is known as "informatique."

The Académie itself is composed of forty members, known as the immortels (immortals) because they serve for life. Famous current and former immortels include author Victor Hugo, author and director Marcel Pagnol, poet and filmmaker Jean Cocteau, playwright Eugène Ionesco, anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss, and physicist Louis-Victor de Broglie.

The Académie is charged with publishing an official dictionary of the French language. It has done so in 1694, 1718, 1740, 1762, 1798, 1835, 1878, and in 1932-1935. The Académie continues work on the most recent (ninth) 1992 edition of the dictionary, of which the first volume (A to Enzyme) appeared in 1992, and the second volume (Éocène to Mappemonde) appeared in 2000.

Members of the Académie Française

The Académie has 40 seats. Each member is elected to a specific seat, when one has become vacant. The list below gives the names of the academicians by seat number. The indented lists are the historical academicians for the seats.