Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 19:26, 25 August 2008

Template:Infobox runner

Usain Bolt IPA: [ju'seːn] (born 21 August 1986) is a Jamaican sprinter. Bolt holds the Olympic and world records for the 100 metres at 9.69 seconds, the 200 metres at 19.30 seconds and, along with his teammates, the 4x100 metres relay at 37.10 seconds, all set at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Bolt became the first man to win all three events at a single Olympics since Carl Lewis in 1984, and the first man in history to set world records in all three at a single Olympics. His name and achievements in sprinting have earned him the media nickname "Lightning Bolt".

Bolt distinguished himself with a 200 m gold medal at the 2002 World Junior Championships, making him the competition's youngest-ever gold medallist. At the 2004 World Junior Championships, Bolt became the first junior sprinter to run the 200 m in under 20 seconds with a time of 19.93 s, breaking Roy Martin's world junior record by two-tenths of a second. Bolt also set competition records at a number of other junior events.

Bolt turned professional in 2004 but missed most of his first two seasons due to injuries; he was eliminated in the first round of the 200 m heats at the 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2007, Bolt beat Don Quarrie's 200 m Jamaican national record with a run of 19.75 s. In May 2008, Bolt set his first 100 m world record with 9.72 s, improving upon his personal best of 9.76 s made earlier in the month.

Early life

Bolt was born in Trelawny, Jamaica, on 21 August 1986. As a child, he was successful in the annual, national primary schools' meeting for his parish, and enjoyed playing cricket, specialising in fast bowling. Upon his entry to William Knibb Memorial High School, his cricket coach noticed Bolt's speed on the pitch and urged him to try track and field events. Pablo McNeil and Dwayne Barrett coached Bolt, encouraging him to focus his energy on improving his athletic abilities. The school had a history of athletic success with past students including Michael Green. Bolt won his first annual high school championships medal in 2001, taking the silver medal in the 200 metres with a time of 22.04 seconds.

Performing in his first Caribbean national event, Bolt clocked a personal best of 48.28 s in the 400 metres in the 2001 CARIFTA Games, winning a silver medal. The 200 m also yielded a silver as Bolt finished in 21.81 s. He made his first appearance on the world stage at the 2001 IAAF World Youth Championships in Debrecen, Hungary. Running in the 200 m event, he failed to qualify for the finals, but he still set a new personal best of 21.73 s. In 2002, Bolt won both the 200 m and 400 m events in the High School Championships, CARIFTA Games, and Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships. He set championship records in the same two events at the 2002 CARIFTA games with 21.12 s and 47.33 s respectively. He continued to set records, with 20.61 s and 47.12 s finishes at the CAC Junior Championships.

Rise to prominence

The 2002 World Junior Championships in front of a home crowd in Kingston, Jamaica, offered Bolt a chance to showcase his talent on the world stage. By the age of 15, he had grown to 1.96 metres (6 ft 5 in) tall, and he physically stood out amongst his peers. He won the 200 m, in a time of 20.61 seconds, a new personal best. As a member of the Jamaican sprint relay team, Bolt took two silver medals and set national junior records in the 4x100 metres and 4x400 metres with 39.15 s and 3:04.06 minutes, respectively. Bolt's 200 m win made him the youngest world-junior gold medallist ever. The flow of medals continued as he won another gold at the 2003 World Youth Championships. He set a new championship record in the 200 m with 20.40 s, despite a 1.1 m/s head wind. Michael Johnson, the 200 m world record holder, took note of Bolt's potential but worried that the young sprinter might be over-pressured, stating: "It's all about what he does three, four, five years down the line."

Bolt turned his main focus to the 200 m and equalled Roy Martin's world junior record of 20.13 s at the Pan-American Junior Championships. This performance attracted interest from the press and his times in the 200 m and 400 m led to him being touted as a possible successor to Johnson. Indeed, at sixteen-years-old Bolt had reached times that Johnson did not register until he was twenty and Bolt's 200 m time was superior to Maurice Greene's season's best that year. In his final Jamaican High School Championships in 2003, he broke both the 200 m and 400 m records with 20.25 s and 45.30 s respectively. Bolt's runs were a significant improvement upon the previous records, beating the 200 m best by over half a second and the 400 m record by almost a second. Bolt was growing more popular in his homeland and Howard Hamilton, who was given the task of Public Defender by the government, urged the Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association (JAAA) to nurture him and prevent burnout, calling Bolt "the most phenomenal sprinter ever produced by this island". As the reigning 200 m champion at both the World Youth and World Junior championships, Bolt hoped to take a clean sweep of the world 200 m championships in the Senior World Championships in Paris. Bolt was pragmatic about his chances though and noted that, even if he didn't make the final, he would consider setting a personal best a success. However, he was not able to compete because of a bout of conjunctivitis before the event. This ruined his training schedule, causing him to withdraw.

Professional athletics career

Under the guidance of new coach Fitz Coleman, Bolt turned professional in 2004, beginning with the CARIFTA games in Bermuda. He became the first junior sprinter to run the 200 m in under twenty seconds, breaking Roy Martin's world junior record by two tenths of a second with 19.93 s. Bolt headed to the 2004 Athens Olympics with confidence and a new record on his side. However, he was hampered by a leg injury and was eliminated in the first round of the 200 metres with a disappointing 21.05 s. American colleges offered Bolt track scholarships on the strength of his performances, but the teenager from Trelawny refused them all, stating that he was content to stay in his homeland of Jamaica. Bolt instead chose the surroundings of the University of Technology, Jamaica, as his training ground, busying himself with the university's primitive track and weight room.

The following year, 2005, signalled a fresh start for Bolt in the form of a new coach, Glen Mills, and a new attitude to athletics. Mills recognised Bolt's potential and aimed to cease the sprinter's unprofessional approach to the sport. Bolt began training with Mills in preparation for the upcoming athletics season, partnering with more seasoned sprinters such as Kim Collins and Dwain Chambers. The year began well as he registered his 200 m season's best at London's Crystal Palace in July, running 19.99 s. Misfortune awaited Bolt at the next major event: the 2005 World Championships in Helsinki. Bolt qualified with runs under 21 seconds but he suffered an injury in the final, finishing last with a time of 26.27 s. Eighteen-year-old Bolt still had not proved his mettle in the major world athletics competitions. Bolt soon recovered and continued to improve, reaching the world top 5 rankings in 2005 and 2006. He ran 19.88 s, a new personal best, at the 2006 Grand Prix in Lausanne, Switzerland, finishing behind Xavier Carter and Tyson Gay to earn a bronze medal.

Bolt claimed his first major world medal two months later at the IAAF World Athletics Final in Stuttgart, Germany. He passed the finishing post with a time of 20.10 s, gaining a bronze medal in the process. The IAAF World Cup in Athens, Greece, yielded Bolt's first senior international silver medal. Wallace Spearmon from the United States won gold with a championship record of 19.87 s, beating Bolt's respectable time of 19.96 s. Further 200 m honours on both the regional and international scale awaited Bolt in 2007. The young Jamaican yearned to run in the 100 metres, but coach Mills diverted his attention, stating that he could run the shorter distance if he broke the 200 m national record. In the Jamaican Championships, he ran 19.75 s in the 200 m, breaking the 36-year-old Jamaican record held by Don Quarrie by 0.11 s.

Mills complied with Bolt's demand to run in the 100 m, and he was entered to run the event at the 23rd Vardinoyiannia meeting in Rethymno, Crete. In his debut tournament run, he set a personal best of 10.03 s, winning the gold medal and feeding his enthusiasm for the event. He built on this achievement at the World Championships in Osaka, Japan, winning a silver medal. Bolt recorded 19.91 s with a headwind of 0.8 m/s but this paled in comparison to Tyson Gay's 19.76 s which set a new championship record. The Jamaican national record fell when Bolt partnered with Asafa Powell, Marvin Anderson, and Nesta Carter in the 4x100 metres relay. However, their finish in 37.89 s was not enough to beat the Americans' time of 37.78 s. No gold medals were gleaned at the major tournaments in 2007, but Mills felt that Bolt's technique was much improved, pinpointing improvements in Bolt's balance at the turns over 200 m and an increase in his stride frequency, giving him more driving power on the track.

World record breaker

The silver medals from the 2007 Osaka World Championships boosted Bolt's desire to run and he took a more serious, more mature stance towards his career. Bolt continued to develop in the 100 m, and he entered to run in the event at the Jamaica Invitational in Kingston. On 3 May 2008, Bolt ran 9.76 s, aided by a tail wind of 1.8 m/s. This was the second-fastest legal performance in the history of the event; second only to compatriot Asafa Powell's 9.74 s record set the previous year in Rieti, Italy. Rival Tyson Gay lauded the performance, praising Bolt's form and technique especially. The Jamaican surprised even himself with the time, but coach Glen Mills remained confident that there was more to come.

Mills' prediction came true before the end of the month when Bolt established a new 100 m world record on 31 May 2008. Pushed on by a tail wind of 1.7 m/s, Bolt ran 9.72 s at the Reebok Grand Prix held in the Icahn Stadium in New York City, breaking Powell's record. The record time was even more remarkable in light of the fact that it was only his fifth senior run over the distance. Gay again finished second and commended Bolt's physical superiority, stating; "it looked like his knees were going past my face". Commentators noted that Bolt appeared to have gained a psychological advantage over fellow Olympic contender Gay. Turning his efforts to the 200 m, Bolt proved that he could excel in multiple events, breaking the national record again with a 19.67 s finish in Athens, Greece. His confidence was building and he was sure that he would perform well in the upcoming Olympics.

2008 Summer Olympics

Bolt announced that he would double-up with the 100 metres and 200 metres events at the Beijing Summer Olympics, and the new 100 m world-record holder was the favourite to win both. Michael Johnson, the 200 m and 400 m record holder, personally backed the sprinter, saying he did not believe that a lack of experience would work against him. Bolt qualified for the final with 9.92 and 9.85 seconds in the quarter-finals and semifinals respectively. In the Olympic 100 m final, Bolt broke new ground, winning in 9.69 s. This was an improvement upon his own world record, and he was well ahead of second-place finisher Richard Thompson, who finished in 9.89 s. Not only was the record set without a favourable wind (+0.0 m/s), but also he visibly slowed down to celebrate before he finished and his shoelace was untied. Bolt continued running past the post, enjoying his victory. Bolt stated that setting a record was not a priority for him, and that his goal was just to win the gold medal, Jamaica's first of the 2008 Games. Olympic medallist Kriss Akabusi construed Bolt's chest slapping before the finish line as showboating, noting that the actions cost Bolt an even faster record time. IOC president Jacques Rogge also condemned the Jamaican's actions as disrespectful. Bolt denied that this was the purpose of his mid-race celebration by saying "I wasn't bragging. When I saw I wasn't covered, I was just happy."

Bolt then focused on attaining a gold medal in the 200 m event, aiming to emulate Carl Lewis' double win in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. Michael Johnson felt that Bolt would easily win gold but believed his world record of 19.32 s set at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta would remain intact at the Olympics. Bolt eased through the first and second rounds of the 200 m, jogging towards the end of his run both times. He won his semifinal and progressed to the last 8 as the favourite to win. The following day, at the final, he won Jamaica's fourth gold of the Games, setting a new world and Olympic record of 19.30 s. Johnson's record fell despite the fact Bolt was impeded by a 0.9 m/s headwind. The feat made him the first sprinter since Don Quarrie to hold both 100 m and 200 m world records simultaneously and the first since the introduction of electronic timing. Furthermore, Bolt became the first sprinter to break both records at the same Olympics. Unlike the 100 m race, Bolt pressed all the way to the finish line, even dipping his chest to improve his time. Following the race, "Happy Birthday" was played over the stadium's sound system as his 22nd birthday began at midnight.

Two days later, Bolt ran as the third leg in the Jamaican 4x100 metres relay team, taking his gold medal total to three. Along with team mates Nesta Carter, Michael Frater and Asafa Powell, Bolt broke yet another world and Olympic record as their 37.10 s finish broke the previous record by three tenths of a second. Powell, who anchored the team to the finishing line, lamented the loss of his 100 m record to Bolt but showed no animosity towards his Jamaican rival, stating he was delighted to help him set his third world record. Following his victories, Bolt donated $50,000 to the children of the Sichuan province of China in aid of those harmed by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.

Personal life

Bolt grew up in Trelawny, Jamaica, with his parents, Jennifer and Wellesley Bolt, and his sister Sherine. Bolt expresses a love for dancing and his character is frequently described as laid-back and relaxed. The first sport to interest him was cricket and he said if he was not a sprinter he would be a fast bowler instead. His is a fan of Indian batsman Sachin Tendulkar, West Indian Chris Gayle and Australian Matthew Hayden. Bolt's Jamaican track and field idols include Herb McKenley and, former Jamaican 200 m record holder, Don Quarrie. Michael Johnson, the former 200 m world and Olympic record holder, is also held in high esteem by Bolt.

After winning the 200 m title in the 2002 World Junior Championships in Kingston, Jamaica, Bolt signed a sponsorship deal with Puma. To promote Bolt's chase for Olympic glory in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, Puma released a series of videos including Bolt's then-world-record-setting run in Icahn Stadium and his Olympic preparations. After his world record breaking run in New York City, which was preceded by a lightning storm, the press frequently made puns on the Jamaican's name, nicknaming him "Lightning Bolt" and the "Bolt from the blue". During the Beijing 2008 100 m final, Bolt wore golden Puma spikes that had "Beijing 100 m Gold" emblazoned across them.

Statistics

Correct as of 22 August 2008

Personal bests and 200 metres progression

Date	Event	Venue	Time (seconds)
16 August 2008	100 metres	Beijing, China	9.69
20 August 2008	200 metres	Beijing, China	19.30
5 May 2007	400 metres	Kingston, Jamaica	45.28

Achievements

Bolt's personal best of 9.69 seconds in the 100 metres is the fastest ever legal time. Tyson Gay had a run of 9.68 s at the 2008 US Olympic Trials but a tail wind of 4.1 m/s exceeded the legal limit of 2.0 m/s set by the IAAF, nullifying its inclusion as a world record. Obadele Thompson also made a run with 9.69 s in 1996, not recognised as it was in a tail wind of 5.0 m/s.

Bolt's personal best of 19.30 s is the 200 metres world record and Olympic record. This was recorded at the 2008 Beijing Games against a headwind of 0.9 m/s. The run broke Michael Johnson's previous world record and Olympic record of 19.32 s. After Bolt and Johnson's record setting runs, the next fastest time is three tenths of a second slower; Tyson Gay's personal best of 19.62 s. Bolt is the only non-United States sprinter in the IAAF top five.

As part of the Jamaican relay team at the 2008 Olympics, Bolt set the 4x100 metres world and Olympic record with a run of 37.10 s. This record is the only non-American time in the IAAF top ten performances of all time.

Year	Tournament	Venue	Result	Event	Time (seconds)
2002	World Junior Championships	Kingston, Jamaica	1st	200 m	20.61
2002	World Junior Championships	Kingston, Jamaica	2nd	4x100 m relay	39.15 NJR
2002	World Junior Championships	Kingston, Jamaica	2nd	4x400 m relay	3:04.06 NJR
2003	World Youth Championships	Sherbrooke, Canada	1st	200 m	20.40
2004	Carifta Games	Hamilton, Bermuda	1st	200 m	19.93 WJR
2005	Central American and Caribbean Championships	Nassau, Bahamas	1st	200 m	20.03
2007	World Championships in Athletics	Osaka, Japan	2nd	200 m	19.91
2008	Reebok Grand Prix	New York City, United States	1st	100 m	9.72
2008	Beijing Olympics	Beijing, China	1st	100 metres	9.69
2008	Beijing Olympics	Beijing, China	1st	200 metres	19.30
2008	Beijing Olympics	Beijing, China	1st	4x100 metres relay	37.10

See also

• World record progression 100 metres men
• World record progression 200 metres men

References

1. ^ Lawrence, Hubert; Samuels, Garfield (2007-08-20). "Focus on Jamaica - Usain Bolt". Focus on Athletes. International Association of Athletics Federations. Retrieved 2008-06-01.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
2. ^ Helps, Horace (2008-08-16). "Bolt's gold down to yam power, father says". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-08-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
3. ^ Williams, Ollie (2008-08-05). "Ten to watch: Usain Bolt". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
4. ^ "Carifta Games (Under 17 boys)". GBR Athletics. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
5. "Official Results - 200 metres - Men - Semi-Final". IAAF. 2001-07-14. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
6. "Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships". GBR Athletics. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
7. "Official Results - 200 metres - Men - Final". IAAF. 2002-07-19. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
8. "Official Results - 4x100 metres - Men - Final". IAAF. 2002-07-22. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
9. "4x400 metres - Men - Final". IAAF. 2002-07-22. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
10. ^ Longmore, Andrew (2008-08-16). "9.69 - and Usain Bolt didn't even try". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
11. "200 metres final results". IAAF. 2003-07-23. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
12. ^ Turnbull, Simon (2003-08-17). "Athletics: The boy they call Lightning is frightening". The Independent on Sunday. Retrieved 2008-08-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
13. "American Junior Outdoor Track & Field Records". USA Track and Field. 2008-08-01. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
14. ^ Rowbottom, Mike (2008-08-04). "Bolt from the blue". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
15. ^ "Usain Bolt IAAF profile". IAAF. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
16. ^ Layden, Tim (2008-08-16). "The Phenom". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
17. Channer, Colin (2008-08-09). "'Cool Runnings' Are Heating Up". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
18. Fordyce, Tom (2005-12-10). "I was in gutter, admits Chambers". BBC Sport. Retrieved 2008-08-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |author link= ignored (|author-link= suggested) (help)
19. "200 metres final". IAAF. 2005-08-11. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
20. "Liu eclipses Jackson with 110m hurdles record". The Guardian. 2006-06-12. Retrieved 2008-08-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
21. "World Cup in Athletics 2006 - Results 200 Metres Mens Final". IAAF. 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
22. "23rd Vardinoyiannia 2007 - 100Metres Mens Results". IAAF. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
23. "Osaka 2007 - 200 metres mens final". IAAF. 2007-08-30. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
24. "Osaka 2007 - 4x100 Metres Relay - Mens Final". IAAF. 2007-09-01. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
25. Aikman, Richard (2008-05-04). "Lightning Bolt clocks second fastest ever 100m". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
26. Foster, Anthony (2008-05-04). "Bolt stuns with 9.76 dash in Kingston – Jamaica International report". IAAF. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
27. Morse, Parker (2008-06-01). "Bolt 9.72 in New York! – World 100 metres record – IAAF World Athletics Tour". IAAF. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
28. Broadbent, Rick (2008-06-02). "Usain Bolt runs into indifference". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
29. Nikitaridis, Michalis (2008-07-14). "Bolt runs 200m in 19.67sec in Athens – IAAF World Athletics Tour". IAAF. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
30. Cyphers, Luke (2008-08-11). "Bolt may be 100 favourite, but Gay in better position to win". ESPN. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
31. Gallagher, Brendan (2008-08-06). "Beijing Olympics: Usain Bolt set to run in both the 100 and 200 metres". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
32. Broadbent, Rick (2008-08-14). "Michael Johnson backs Usain Bolt to win sprint duel". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
33. "Beijing Olympics 2008 - Results 100 metres men's finals - Heats". IAAF. 2008-08-15. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
34. "Beijing Olympics 2008 - Results 100 metres men's finals - Quarter finals". IAAF. 2008-08-16. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
35. "Beijing Olympics 2008 - Results 100 metres men's finals - Semi finals". IAAF. 2008-08-16. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
36. "Bolt surges to gold in new record". BBC Sport. 2008-08-16. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
37. ^ "100 Metres All Time". IAAF. 2008-08-09. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
38. Zinser, Lynn (2008-08-16). "Bolt Is World's Fastest — by a Mile". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
39. Casert, Raf (2008-08-17). "Olympics: Bolt smashes 100m record". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
40. Lewis, Richard (2008-08-16). "Usain Bolt smashes world record". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
41. Simon, Simon (2008-08-17). "Bolt of lightning leaves the rest of mankind far behind". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
42. Akabusi, Kriss (2008-08-19). "Bolt's showboating is a slap for us idealists". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-08-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
43. IOC Rips Bolt for Lack of 'Respect', Associated Press, 2008-08-21, retrieved 2008-08-21
44. Broadbent, Rick (2008-08-21). "Deluded Jacques Rogge fails to see the champion in Usain Bolt". The Times. Retrieved 2008-08-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
45. Landells, Steve (2008-08-16). ""It was crazy, phenomenal" - Bolt's 9.69 100 metres stuns the Bird's Nest". IAAF. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
46. Philips, Mitch (2008-08-18). "Bolt's bid for double safely under way". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
47. Johnson, Michael (2008-08-20). "Michael Johnson: I think my Olympic 200metres world record is safe from Usain Bolt – for now". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
48. "Jamaican Bolt second in 200 metres heat". BBC Sport. 2008-08-18. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
49. "Super Bolt eases into 200 metres final". BBC Sport. 2008-08-19. Retrieved 2008-08-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
50. ^ "Bolt claims 200m gold with record". BBC Sport. 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
51. "NEWS FLASH – Bolt does the double with 19.30 seconds WORLD RECORD!". IAAF. 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
52. "Bolt earns sprint double, breaks world record". CBC. 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
53. ^ "Bolt cements greatness, sets world record in 200 with 19.30". Sports Illustrated. 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-08-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
54. "Bolt grabs third gold and record". BBC Sport. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
55. "NEWS FLASH - World 4x100m record, 37.10s – BOLT and JAMAICA again!". IAAF. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
56. "Jamaica smashes WR in men's relay". ABC. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
57. ""Lightning" Bolt donates for children in China's quake zone". China Daily. 2008-08-23. Retrieved 2008-08-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
58. Gullan, Scott (2008-08-17). "Usain Bolt wins 100m gold at the Beijing Olympics". The Australian. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
59. Fletcher, Damian; Armstrong, Jeremy (2008-08-18). "Olympic 100m hero Usain Bolt powered by chicken nuggets and yams". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
60. "Usain Bolt likes to watch Sachin, Gayle". MSN. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
61. "Usain Bolt gives respect to cricketer Matthew Hayden". Herald Sun. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
62. "PUMA's Usain Bolt breaks 100m World Record". Puma. 2008-06-03. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
63. "Puma running - Chasing Bolt". Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Text "publisher-Puma" ignored (help)
64. http://www.youtube.com/user/chasingBOLT
65. Rowbottom, Mike (2008-06-02). "'Lightning' Bolt storms to record in 100 metres". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
66. "Lightning Bolt's Irish connection". BBC Sport. 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
67. "Lightning Bolt makes giant leap". Evening Herald. 2008-08-18. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
68. Sinai, Allon (2008-08-17). "Allon Sinai's Olympic Diary: A Bolt from the blue strikes the Nest". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2008-08-20. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
69. Weiner, Jay (2008-08-16). "Usain Bolt blazes to top of 100 metre lore". Sporting News. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
70. Hersh, Philip (2008-06-30). "Though wind nullifies a world record, Gay's 9.68-second 100 is the fastest in history". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-08-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
71. "200 Metres All Time". IAAF. 2008-08-21. Retrieved 2008-08-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
72. "4x100 Metres Relay All Time". IAAF. 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-08-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

• Usain Bolt at World Athletics
• XX CAC Senior Championships - 2005

Template:Persondata Template:BD

• Athletes at the 2004 Summer Olympics
• Athletes at the 2008 Summer Olympics
• Jamaican athletes
• Olympic athletes of Jamaica
• Olympic gold medalists for Jamaica
• People from Trelawny Parish
• Sprinters
• World record holders