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| {{for|the ska album|Stupidity (Bad Manners album)}} | |||
| {{for|the rock album|Stupidity (Dr. Feelgood album)}} | |||
| '''Stupidity''' is the ] a ], ] or ] instantiates by virtue of having or being indicative of low ] or poor ] abilities. Stupidity is distinct from ] because stupidity denotes an incapability or unwillingness to properly consider the relevant information. It is frequently used as a ], and consequently has a negative connotation. The term has fallen out of favor in medical journals as it is seen as a generic term used to describe a wide variety of conditions.{{Fact|date=April 2008}} | |||
| ==Etymology== | |||
| ''Stupidity'' is a noun of Latin origin representing a quality or state of being of being stupid, or an act or idea that exhibits properties of being stupid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stupidity|title=stupidity|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=2009-01-18}}</ref> The root word ''stupid'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stupid|title=stupid|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=2009-01-18}}</ref> which can serve as an adjective or noun itself, comes from the Latin verb ''stupere'', for being numb or astonished, and is related to ''stupor''.<ref>{{cite web|title=stupor|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stupor|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=2009-01-18}}</ref> | |||
| According to Merriam-Webster, the words "stupid" and "stupidity" enter the English language in 1541. Since then, stupidity has taken place along with "fool," "idiot," "dumb," and related concepts as a pejorative appellation for human misdeeds, whether purposeful or accidental, due to absence of mental capacity. | |||
| The modern English word "stupid" has a broad range of application, from being slow of mind (indicating a lack of intelligence, care or reason), dullness of feeling or sensation (torpidity, senseless, insensitivity), or lacking interest or point (vexing, exasperating). It can either infer a congenital lack of capacity for reasoning, or a temporary state of daze or slow-mindedness. | |||
| ==In politics== | |||
| Robert J. Sternberg notes that many politicians have acted in ways that were stupid despite indications of general intelligence.<ref>Sternberg, Robert J. ''Why Smart People Can Be So Stupid.'' ], 2003.</ref> He argues that there is an inherent psychological drive causing some acts of stupidity. | |||
| ==In comedy== | |||
| The ] or buffoon has been a central character in much ]. Alford and Alford found that ] based on stupidity was prevalent in "more complex" societies as compared to some other forms of humor.<ref>Finnegan Alford; Richard Alford. ''A Holo-Cultural Study of Humor.'' Ethos '''9(2)''', pg 149-164.</ref> Some analysis of Shakespeare's comedy has found that his characters tend to hold mutually contradictory positions; because this implies a lack of careful analysis it indicates stupidity on their part.<ref>N Frye. ''A Natural Perspective: The Development of Shakespearean Comedy and Romance.'' Columbia University Press, 1995.</ref> Today there is a wide array of television shows that showcase stupidity such as ].<ref> R Hobbs. ''The Simpsons Meet Mark Twain: Analyzing Popular Media Texts in the Classroom.'' The English Journal, 1998.</ref> Famous fictional characters whose comedy is based on stupidity are ], ], ], ], the characters in ], ], ], ], ], ], Cody in ], ] (]),... | |||
| ==Group stupidity== | |||
| In psychology, group stupidity is known as ] in crowds, and can lead to behaviors usually not displayed outside the specific social situation. The behaviors are attributed to a variety of causes, including loss of ], incentives to conform to group behavior, and other dynamics.<ref>Reicher, S.D., R. Spears, and T. Postmes. ''A Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Phenomena.'' European Review of Social Psychology '''6''', 1995.</ref> | |||
| ==Quotes Pertaining to the Nature of Stupidity== | |||
| "Deficiency in judgement is properly that which is called '''stupidity'''; and for such a failing we know no remedy. A dull or narrow-minded person, to whom nothing is wanting but a proper degree of understanding, may be improved by tuition, even so far as to deserve the epithet of learned. But as such persons frequently labour under a deficiency in the faculty of judgement, it is not uncommon to find men extremely learned who in the application of their science betray a lamentable degree this irremediable want." | |||
| ], '']'', pg A133/B172; tr. ]; | |||
| Paul Guyer (1998) translation: "The lack of the power of judgment is that which is properly called '''stupidity''', and such a failing is not to be helped. A dull or limited head, which is lacking nothing but the appropriate degre of understanding and its proper concepts, may well be trained through instruction, even to the point of becoming learned. But since it would usually still lack the power of judgment (the ''secunda Petri''), it is not at all uncommon to encounter very learned men who in the use of their science frequently give glimpses of that lack, which is never to be ameliorated." | |||
| ==Literature review== | |||
| The first book in English on stupidity was ''A Short Introduction to the History of Stupidity'' by ] (1932): | |||
| {{cquote|Stupidity can easily be proved the supreme Social Evil. Three factors combine to establish it as such. First and foremost, the number of stupid people is legion. Secondly, most of the power in business, finance, diplomacy and politics is in the hands of more or less stupid individuals. Finally, high abilities are often linked with serious stupidity.<ref name=Pitkin>Pitkin, Walter B. '''' (1932).</ref>}} | |||
| According to '']: Over Twenty Years of High Tech Marketing Disasters,'' (2003) by Merrill R. Chapman: | |||
| {{cquote|The claim that high-tech companies are constantly running into 'new' and 'unique' situations that they cannot possibly be expected to anticipate and intelligently resolve is demonstrably false....The truth is that technology companies are constantly repeating the same mistakes with wearying consistency...and many of the stupid things these companies do are completely avoidable.}} | |||
| "While ''In Search of Excellence'' turned out to be a fraud, ''In Search of Stupidity'' is genuine, and no names have been changed to protect the guilty." according to one reviewer.<ref>http://www.insearchofstupidity.com/</ref> | |||
| Other books on stupidity include, ''The Dumbest Generation: How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes Our Future (Or, Don't Trust Anyone Under 30)'' (2008) by Mark Bauerlein and ''The Encyclopedia of Stupidity'' (2005) by Matthijs van Boxsel. Several books on stupidity have published in German, including ''Lob der Dummheit'' (In Praise of Stupidity) by Lutz Walther and ''Über die Dummheit'' (Over Stupidity) by Horst Geyer. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
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| ==References== | |||
| {{Commons|Category:Stupidity|Stupidity}} | |||
| <references/> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{Wikiquote}} | |||
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| * The authors received the 2000 ] in ]. | |||
| * by ], a series of nine papers on the nature of human stupidity. | |||
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