| Revision as of 20:30, 3 May 2009 edit71.137.197.103 (talk) m← Previous edit | Revision as of 20:34, 3 May 2009 edit undoGwinndeith (talk | contribs)101 edits Many nationalities. Cracow is outdated name, no longer used commonly.Next edit → | ||
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| ] of Rheticus, printed 1540 in Danzig by Rhode]] | ] of Rheticus, printed 1540 in Danzig by Rhode]] | ||
| The '''history of printing in Poland''' began in the late ], when following the creation of the ] in ], |
The '''history of printing in Poland''' began in the late ], when following the creation of the ] in ], printers from Western Europe spread the new craft abroad. | ||
| The Polish capital at the time was in ], were already |
The Polish capital at the time was in ], were already scholars, artists and merchants from Western Europe were present. Other cities which were part of the Polish kingdom followed later for example ](Danzig) established printing houses early on. | ||
| A first printing shop was possible opened in |
A first printing shop was possible opened in Kraków by ]-based ] in 1465. In 1491, ] printed the first book in ] script. | ||
| The next recorded printing shop was a Dutch one known by the name ''Typographus Sermonum Papae Leonis I.'' that might have been established in 1473 on Polish territory, but its exact location has yet to be determined.<ref name="Wieslaw Wydra 88">Wieslaw Wydra, "Die ersten in polnischer Sprache gedruckten Texte, 1475-1520", ''Gutenberg-Jahrbuch'', Vol. 62 (1987), pp.88-94 (88)</ref> | The next recorded printing shop was a Dutch one known by the name ''Typographus Sermonum Papae Leonis I.'' that might have been established in 1473 on Polish territory, but its exact location has yet to be determined.<ref name="Wieslaw Wydra 88">Wieslaw Wydra, "Die ersten in polnischer Sprache gedruckten Texte, 1475-1520", ''Gutenberg-Jahrbuch'', Vol. 62 (1987), pp.88-94 (88)</ref> | ||
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| The oldest known print from Poland is considered to be the ] (Cracovian Almanac for the Year 1474)<ref name="Wieslaw Wydra 88"/> which is a single-sheet astronomical ] for the year ] printed and published in 1473 <ref name=history2volumes>{{en icon}} {{cite book | last=Davies|first=Norman| editor = | title = God's Playground: A History of Poland in Two Volumes |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=b912JnKpYTkC |chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=b912JnKpYTkC&pg=PA118&dq=%22Golden+Age%22+author:%22norman+davies%22&sig=S0kmJEBWyWAXLdK7gGMzmSaZw-M| format = | year = 2005 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | id = ISBN 0199253390 | pages = p:118 | chapter=Anjou: The Hungarian Connection|volume=Vol. I| quote =}}</ref> by ]. The only surviving copy of ''Almanach cracoviense'' measures 37 cm by 26.2 cm, and is in the collections of the ]. | The oldest known print from Poland is considered to be the ] (Cracovian Almanac for the Year 1474)<ref name="Wieslaw Wydra 88"/> which is a single-sheet astronomical ] for the year ] printed and published in 1473 <ref name=history2volumes>{{en icon}} {{cite book | last=Davies|first=Norman| editor = | title = God's Playground: A History of Poland in Two Volumes |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=b912JnKpYTkC |chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=b912JnKpYTkC&pg=PA118&dq=%22Golden+Age%22+author:%22norman+davies%22&sig=S0kmJEBWyWAXLdK7gGMzmSaZw-M| format = | year = 2005 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford | id = ISBN 0199253390 | pages = p:118 | chapter=Anjou: The Hungarian Connection|volume=Vol. I| quote =}}</ref> by ]. The only surviving copy of ''Almanach cracoviense'' measures 37 cm by 26.2 cm, and is in the collections of the ]. | ||
| The first print written in ] is believed to be ''Hortulus Animae polonice'', a Polish version of ] written by ], printed and published in ] by ] in |
The first print written in ] is believed to be ''Hortulus Animae polonice'', a Polish version of ] written by ], printed and published in ] by ] in Kraków. The last known copy was lost during ]. | ||
| One of the first commercial printers in ] is considered to be ]<ref name=history2volumes/> who worked in |
One of the first commercial printers in ] is considered to be ]<ref name=history2volumes/> who worked in Kraków in the early ] (since 1505) who in 1509 printed ] ''Theophilacti Scolastici Simocatti Epistole morales, rurales at amatoriae, interpretatione latina''. | ||
| Other well known early printers in Poland are: | Other well known early printers in Poland are: | ||
| * ] from ] who worked in ] and |
* ] from ] who worked in ] and Kraków | ||
| * Printers from the Szafenberg family, | * Printers from the Szafenberg family, | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| In the late ] there were 7 printing shops in |
In the late ] there were 7 printing shops in Kraków, and in ] 10 printing shops. A decline started in around ]. Due to this fact in ] there remained only 3 secular printing shops, accompanied by a few ecclesial ones. | ||
| Only one printing shop is recorded in ] in ], owned by the ]. This situation improved during the realm of the last ], ] |
Only one printing shop is recorded in ] in ], owned by the ]. This situation improved during the realm of the last ], ]. | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 20:34, 3 May 2009
The history of printing in Poland began in the late 15th century, when following the creation of the Gutenberg Bible in 1455, printers from Western Europe spread the new craft abroad.
The Polish capital at the time was in Kraków, were already scholars, artists and merchants from Western Europe were present. Other cities which were part of the Polish kingdom followed later for example Gdańsk(Danzig) established printing houses early on.
A first printing shop was possible opened in Kraków by Augsburg-based Günther Zainer in 1465. In 1491, Schweipolt Fiol printed the first book in Cyrillic script.
The next recorded printing shop was a Dutch one known by the name Typographus Sermonum Papae Leonis I. that might have been established in 1473 on Polish territory, but its exact location has yet to be determined.
The oldest known print from Poland is considered to be the Almanach cracoviense ad annum 1474 (Cracovian Almanac for the Year 1474) which is a single-sheet astronomical wall calendar for the year 1474 printed and published in 1473 by Kasper Straube. The only surviving copy of Almanach cracoviense measures 37 cm by 26.2 cm, and is in the collections of the Jagiellonian University.
The first print written in Polish language is believed to be Hortulus Animae polonice, a Polish version of Hortulus Animae written by Biernat of Lublin, printed and published in 1513 by Florian Ungler in Kraków. The last known copy was lost during World War II.
One of the first commercial printers in Poland is considered to be Johann Haller who worked in Kraków in the early 16th century (since 1505) who in 1509 printed Nicolaus Copernicus Theophilacti Scolastici Simocatti Epistole morales, rurales at amatoriae, interpretatione latina.
Other well known early printers in Poland are:
- Hieronymus Vietor from Silesia who worked in Vienna and Kraków
- Printers from the Szafenberg family,
- Florian Ungler
In the late 16th century there were 7 printing shops in Kraków, and in 1610 10 printing shops. A decline started in around 1615. Due to this fact in 1650 there remained only 3 secular printing shops, accompanied by a few ecclesial ones.
Only one printing shop is recorded in Warsaw in 1707, owned by the Piarists. This situation improved during the realm of the last Polish king, Stanisław August Poniatowski.
See also
- Printing
- History of printing
- Book of Henryków
- Almanach cracoviense ad annum 1474
- Kasper Straube
- Johann Haller
- Florian Ungler
References
- ^ Wieslaw Wydra, "Die ersten in polnischer Sprache gedruckten Texte, 1475-1520", Gutenberg-Jahrbuch, Vol. 62 (1987), pp.88-94 (88)
- ^ Template:En icon Davies, Norman (2005). "Anjou: The Hungarian Connection". God's Playground: A History of Poland in Two Volumes. Vol. Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. p:118. ISBN 0199253390.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help); External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
External link
- Karl Steiff (1898), "Zainer, Günther und Johannes", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 44, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 672–674