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| ==Charter== | ==Charter== | ||
| The charter for '''Maryland Colony''', an ] territory in ], was granted to ], 2nd ], on ], ]. Some historians view this as a form of compensation for his father's being stripped of his title of ] upon announcing his ] in ]. The charter had originally been granted first to Calvert's father, ], but the father had died before it could be executed. The charter of the '''Province of Maryland''' was signed by ] and |
The charter for '''Maryland Colony''', an ] territory in ], was granted to ], 2nd ], on ], ]. Some historians view this as a form of compensation for his father's being stripped of his title of ] upon announcing his ] in ]. The charter had originally been granted first to Calvert's father, ], but the father had died before it could be executed. The charter of the '''Province of Maryland''' was signed by ] and is said to be named after his Queen Consort, ]. Some people mistake the name's meaning with that of the colonial capital St. Mary's City, Maryland, as if the relationship between capital and province was the same as New York City and New York. | ||
| ==Founding== | ==Founding== | ||
Revision as of 09:40, 11 March 2006
The Province of Maryland was one of the 13 colonies that went on to establish the United States.
Charter
The charter for Maryland Colony, an English territory in North America, was granted to Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, on June 20, 1632. Some historians view this as a form of compensation for his father's being stripped of his title of Secretary of State upon announcing his Roman Catholicism in 1625. The charter had originally been granted first to Calvert's father, George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, but the father had died before it could be executed. The charter of the Province of Maryland was signed by Charles I and is said to be named after his Queen Consort, Henrietta Maria. Some people mistake the name's meaning with that of the colonial capital St. Mary's City, Maryland, as if the relationship between capital and province was the same as New York City and New York.
Founding
Lord Baltimore was a convert to Catholicism, which was extremely stigmatic for a nobleman in 17th century England, where Roman Catholics were considered enemies of the crown and traitors to their country. Baltimore's two goals were to create a haven for British Catholics but at the same time turn a profit. Without Protestant settlers to provide the backbone of the colony's population, it would most likely fail. For this reason, Lord Baltimore instructed his brother Leonard Calvert, who was to be the colony's governor, to keep the religion of the Catholic settlers quiet to avoid dissent. The first settlers arrived on March 25 1634 aboard the Ark and Dove. About 150 settlers survived the voyage. Land was quickly purchased from the Yaocomico Indians, and St. Mary's City was founded.
Early history
The foundational charter of Maryland created a state, one ruled by the Palatine lord, Lord Baltimore. As ruler, he owned directly all of the land granted in the charter (almost 6,000,000 acres possessing absolute authority over his domain and requiring settlers to swear allegiance to him, and not the King of England). The charter created an upper aristocracy of lords of the manor, which bought 6,000 acres from Baltimore and held legal and social privileges over the common settlers.
Classification
Maryland colony is described as one of the Southern Colonies. Maryland was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence from Britain in 1776.
