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| The '''Six vilayets''' or '''Six provinces''' ({{lang-ota|ولايت سته}} ''Vilâyat-ı Sitte'') or '''Six Armenian vilayets''' ({{lang-hy|Վեց հայկական վիլայեթներ}} ''Vyets' hahkakan vilahyet'nyer'', {{lang-tr|Altı Ermeni ili}}) were ] of the ] that had substantial ] populations and were once part of historical Armenia. They were the: | The '''Six vilayets''' or '''Six provinces''' ({{lang-ota|ولايت سته}} ''Vilâyat-ı Sitte'') or '''Six Armenian vilayets'''{{fact}} ({{lang-hy|Վեց հայկական վիլայեթներ}} ''Vyets' hahkakan vilahyet'nyer'', {{lang-tr|Altı Ermeni ili}}) were ] of the ] that had substantial ] populations and were once part of historical Armenia. They were the: | ||
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Revision as of 14:20, 8 September 2011
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The Six vilayets or Six provinces (Template:Lang-ota Vilâyat-ı Sitte) or Six Armenian vilayets (Template:Lang-hy Vyets' hahkakan vilahyet'nyer, Template:Lang-tr) were vilayets of the Ottoman Empire that had substantial Armenian populations and were once part of historical Armenia. They were the:
History
Most of Turkish Armenia was contained in six Ottoman vilayets (vilâyat-ı sitte), the vilayets of Vilayet of Erzurum, Vilayet of Van, Vilayet of Bitlis, Vilayet of Diyarbekir, Vilayet of Mamuretülaziz, and Vilayet of Sivas. During the decay of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century these vilayets suffered from chronic misgovernment, with their Christian population enduring particularly bad conditions. The 1878 Treaty of Berlin required the Ottoman Empire to urgently carry out reforms in "the provinces inhabited by the Armenians" - these provinces came to be known as the "six Armenian vilayets". However, the plight of the Armenian population became increasingly bad, suffering a series of massacres in the 1890s, and in 1915 the Ottoman Empire perpetrated systematic massacres and forced deportations resulting in the Armenian Genocide. The Administration for Western Armenia (Free Vaspurakan) was a provisional Armenian government in areas of Western Armenia under Russian occupation from 1915–1918.
After the Armenian genocide the distinct Western Armenian dialect of the Armenian language (recognized as one of the major dialects of Armenian) is spoken primarily in Istanbul, Lebanon, Egypt, other parts of Armenian diaspora, and formerly in eastern Turkey. It differs orthographically from Eastern Armenian, there are also phonological differences. In some parts of the diaspora, the Armenian schools, such as L'École Arménienne Sourp Hagop and the Armenian Sisters Academy instruct Western Armenian to the students, instead of Eastern Armenian, the official dialect of the Republic of Armenia.
Demographics
Ethnic groups
There were 1,219,323 Armenians in in the Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire according to the last Ottoman census 1914
| Province (Vilâyets) | Muslim population | Armenian population |
|---|---|---|
| Sivas | 939,735 | 151,674 |
| Erzurum | 673,297 | 136,618 |
| Harput | 446,376 | 87,862 |
| Van | 179,380 | 67,792 |
| Bitlis | 309,999 | 119,.132 |
| Diarbekir | 492,101 | 65,850 |
Ethnic groups in the Six Vilayets (Erzerum, Van, Bitlis, Mamuretülaziz, Diyarbekir and Sivas vilayets) of Ottoman Empire. according to Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople
| Ethnic groups | Erzurum | Van | Bitlis | Mamuretülaziz | Diyarbekir | Sivas | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armenians | 215,000 | 185,000 | 180,000 | 168,000 | 105,000 | 165,000 | 1,018,000 | 38.93 |
| Turks | 240,000 | 47,000 | 40,000 | 102,00 | 45,000 | 192,000 | 666.000 | 25.47 |
| Sedentary Kurds | 35,000 | 32,000 | 35,000 | 75,000 | 30,000 | 35,000 | 242,000 | 9.25 |
| Nomadic Kurds | 40,000 | 40,000 | 42,000 | 20,000 | 25,000 | 15,000 | 182,000 | 6.96 |
| Qizilbash | 25,000 | 8,000 | 80,00 | 27,000 | 140,000 | 5.35 | ||
| Nestorians, Jacobites, Chaldeans | 18,000 | 15,000 | 5,000 | 60,000 | 25,000 | 123,000 | 4.7 | |
| Zaza, Tambli, Tohariklis | 30,000 | 47,000 | 77,000 | 2.94 | ||||
| Circassians | 7,000 | 10,000 | 45,000 | 62,000 | 2.37 | |||
| Greeks and other Christians | 12,000 | 30,000 | 42,000 | 1.61 | ||||
| Yazidis | 3,000 | 25,000 | 5,000 | 4,000 | 37,000 | 1.41 | ||
| Persians | 13,000 | 13,000 | 0.5 | |||||
| Lazs | 10,000 | 10,000 | 0.38 | |||||
| Roma | 3,000 | 3,000 | 0.11 | |||||
| TOTAL | 630,000 | 350,000 | 382,000 | 450,000 | 296,000 | 507,000 | 2,615,000 | 100 |
See also
- Wilsonian Armenia
- Armenians in the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman Armenian population
- Administration for Western Armenia
- Kingdom of Armenia
- Russian Armenia
References
- Armenia
- H.F.B. Lynch, "Armenia, Travels and Studies", London, 1901, Volume 2, p409.
- Encyclopædia Britannica Online: Armenia
- АРМЯНСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, «Литературная энциклопедия» (М., 1929-1939. Т. 1-11) Template:Ru icon
- The University of Michigan-Dearborn
- UCLA Language materials Project page: Armenian
- "The Treatment of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire 1915-1916" by JAMES VISCOUNT BRYCE, London, T. Fisher Unwin Ltd., 1916
| Six Armenian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||||||
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