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'''Raymond Buckland''' (born 31 August 1934), whose ] is '''Robat''', is an ] writer on the subject of ] and the ], and a significant figure in the ], of which he is a High Priest in both the Gardnerian and Seax traditions. '''Raymond Buckland''' (born 31 August 1934), whose ] is '''Robat''', is an ] writer on the subject of ] and the ], and a significant figure in the ], of which he is a High Priest in both the Gardnerian and Seax traditions.


⚫ Both Buckland and his wife Rosemary travelled to ], where, in ], they were initiated into the craft by the High Priestess Monique Wilson.<ref name=Wilson>{{cite web|last=Davis|first=Morgan S.|title=Monique Wilson|url=http://www.geraldgardner.com/Monique_Wilson.pdf|work=Gerald Gardner|publisher=Morgan S. Davis|accessdate=17 March 2012}}</ref>
According to his written works, primarily ''Witchcraft from the Inside'', published in 1971, he was the first person in the ] to openly admit to being a practitioner of ],{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} and he introduced the lineage of ] to the United States in 1964, after having been initiated by Monique Wilson in ] the previous year. He later formed his own tradition dubbed ] <ref>http://www.sacred-texts.com/bos/bos045.htm</ref> which focuses on the symbolism of ].

==Biography==

===Life in Britain, 1934-1962===
Buckland was born in ] on 31 August 1934, to Eileen and Stanley Buckland. Buckland was of mixed ethnicity; his mother was ], but his father was ]. He was raised in the ] but developed an interest in ] and the ] at about age 12, after encountering it from a Spiritualist uncle.

When ] broke out in 1939, the family moved to ], where Buckland attended ]. It was here that he became involved in amateur dramatic productions.

He went on to be educated at ]. In 1955 he married Rosemary Moss. From 1957 to 1959, he served in the ], and then went on to work in a London publishing company for four years, before he and his wife emigrated to the ] in 1962, where they lived on ], ].

Whilst living in the United States, Buckland worked for ], which allowed him to constantly travel back and forth between the US and UK.

===Wicca===

====Learning about the craft, 1962====
In the US, Buckland soon read the books '']'' by ] and '']'' by ], which gave him an insight into the Witchcraft religion, or ] as it is now more commonly known.

To find out more information, Buckland started corresponding with Gerald Gardner in the ]. The two became friends, and had several telephone conversations, which led to Buckland becoming Gardner's spokesman in America{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}.

====Initiation, 1963====
⚫ Both Buckland and his wife Rosemary travelled to ], where, in ], they were initiated into the craft by the High Priestess Monique Wilson.<ref name=Wilson>{{cite web|last=Davis|first=Morgan S.|title=Monique Wilson|url=http://www.geraldgardner.com/Monique_Wilson.pdf|work=Gerald Gardner|publisher=Morgan S. Davis|accessdate=17 March 2012}}</ref> Gardner attended the ceremony, but did not perform it himself. Gardner died shortly after, having never met Buckland again.

====Long Island Coven, 1963-1973====
The Bucklands returned home to the United States where they founded a ] known as the ]. The group followed the ] lineage which the couple had been initiated into. They tried to keep their identities secret at first, due to concern about unwanted and negative attention, however journalist ] of the '']'' published a news story on them without permission.

In 1973, Raymond and Rosemary separated, and they both left the Long Island Coven, handing over the role of High Priest and High Priestess to people whose ]s were Theos and Phoenix.

====First Museum of Witchcraft and Magic in the United States, 1968-====
In 1968 Buckland formed the First Museum of Witchcraft and Magic in the United States, as influenced by Gardner's '']''. It started off as a by-appointment-only policy museum in his own basement. After his collection of artifacts grew he moved the museum to a 19th century house in ]. The museum received some media attention, and a documentary was produced about it.

In 1973, Raymond and Rosemary separated. Buckland moved his museum to ] in ]. In 1978, he moved to ], disbanded the museum, and put all his artifacts in storage.

In 2008, the artifacts of the Museum were entrusted to the care of The Covenant of the Pentacle Wiccan Church (CPWC), based in New Orleans, LA and led by Arch Priestess Rev. Velvet Rieth. CPWC plans to raise funds to display the artifacts once more, either in a New Orleans area building, and/or as a traveling exhibit in select US cities.

====Books, 1969-2008====
In 1969 Buckland published his first book - ''A Pocket Guide to the Supernatural''. He followed this in 1970 with ''Witchcraft Ancient and Modern'' and ''Practical Candleburning Rituals'', as well as a novel called ''Mu Revealed'', a spoof on the works of ], using the pseudonym '''Tony Earll''' (an anagram for 'not really'). By 1973 he was earning enough money with his books that he could take over running of his museum full time. He has published a book almost every year since.

====Seax-Wica, 1974-1982====
In 1974 Raymond married Joan Helen Taylor. He became fed up with the quarreling within ] so decided to form his own Wiccan tradition{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}, which was ]. Seax-Wica was based upon symbolism taken from ]. He published everything about the movement in ''The Tree: Complete Book of Saxon Witchcraft''. He then began a correspondence course to teach people about Seax-Wica, which grew to having around a thousand members.

====Solitary life, 1992-contemporary====
In 1992 Buckland and his third wife, Tara, moved to a farm in ], ], where he continued to write, and work as a solitary Wiccan.


==Bibliography== ==Bibliography==

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Raymond Buckland
Born31 August 1934 (1934-08-31) (age 90)
London, England
Occupation(s)Writer; Wiccan Priest
Spouse(s)Rosemary Moss (married 1955 divorced 1973)
Joan Helen Taylor (married 1974 divorced 1982)
Tara Cochran (married 1983)
Parent(s)Stanley Thomas Buckland ; Eileen Lizzie Wells

Raymond Buckland (born 31 August 1934), whose craft name is Robat, is an English American writer on the subject of Wicca and the occult, and a significant figure in the history of Wicca, of which he is a High Priest in both the Gardnerian and Seax traditions.

Both Buckland and his wife Rosemary travelled to Scotland, where, in Perth, they were initiated into the craft by the High Priestess Monique Wilson.

Bibliography

File:Ray-comp-wicca.jpg
Buckland's Complete Book of Witchcraft (1986)

Ray Buckland is an author of many books dealing with the occult and witchcraft. His most popular book is Buckland's Complete Book of Witchcraft first published in 1986. His books include:

References

  1. Davis, Morgan S. "Monique Wilson" (PDF). Gerald Gardner. Morgan S. Davis. Retrieved 17 March 2012.

External links

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