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Revision as of 04:49, 16 March 2013
A cornertube boiler is a type of natural circulation water-tube boiler which differentiates itself from other water tube boilers by its characteristic water-steam cycle and a separation of preheated steam from the steam-water mixture occurs outside the drum and the unheated downcomers.
Principle
Cornertube boilers were developed for small steam output. The design was based around two factors that, along with excellent water circulation, should be appropriate cooling even at light loads. Its special feature is its Monocoque body i.e. the unheated downcomers form the supporting frame work and not the thermally loaded tubes, hence the name corner tube boiler . Moreover the piping-arrangement (system) is also responsible; to manage the riser tubes and water distribution in riser tubes and down comers and to collect the steam water mixture and to make a certain amount of pre-separation of steam and water mixture. Put simply, the water circulation takes place simultaneously through the drum and through the down comers piping system..
History
During World War II a shortage of fuels like gas and petrol alongside the rapidly increasing demand of Steam forced the development of a new type of boiler. Dr. Henrich Vorkauf came up with the first design of the corner tube boiler which was then installed into a truck in the year 1944 .
Working
The water flows down from the drum (t) through the down comers (a) to the distributors (b) and (c) where it is distributed in the different riser tubes. The steam-water mixture circulates (in the radiation heated area (i) front wall, (j) sidewall and (k) rear wall ) through the pre-separator (also known as cross-collector) (f) where the separated steam flows through the overhead pipe (g) to the drum (t) and the steam-water mixture flows through the collector (e) to the drum (t) as well.
The rest amount of Water flows through the return pipe (h) to the rear wall distributor (d) which is directly connected to the longitudinal distributor (c) and hence back to the riser tube where it is heated subsequently.
Advantages
- It can expand from the base in all directions and adapt to different operating conditions.
- The shorter path of water supply to the riser tubes leads to faster and more reliable operation on different loads.
Fuels
The various fuels which can be used or are commonly used in the USA, Europe and Pacific Countries are Bagasse,Biomass,Lignite,Coal,Scaly Bark, Fuel gas, Industrial waste, khuff gas, MFO(marine fuel oil) ,Organic matter,Oil, Litter,Rice hulls,Rubberwood,Sludge,Wood,Woodchips. .
References
- ^ Thome-Kozmiensky, Karl J. (1994). Thermische Abfallbehandlung. Germany: EF für Energie und Umwelttechnik. pp. 393–394. ISBN 3-924511-77-2.
- ^ Mayer, Fritz (1986). The Corner Tube Boiler. Germany: Resch. p. 99. ISBN 3-87806-033-5.
- Block, F (1977). "Designing a Boiler for Waste Fuels". Power. USA: 75.
{{cite journal}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - Josefsson, Lars. "Eckrohr Boiler". Steam Esteem. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
- Vorkauf, Henrich (1957). Der Wasserumlauf in Eckrohrkessel. Germany: Energie. p. 3.
- ^ Noot, Wolfgang (2011). Vom Kofferkessel bis zum Großkraftwerk Die Entwicklung im Kesselbau (in German). Germany: Vulkan Verlag. p. 345. ISBN 978-3-8027-2558-6.
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Vorkauf, Henrich (1951). "Der Eckrohrkessel". VDI Zeitschrift. 93 (14): 395–397.
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