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| The '''Manor of Molland''' was a ] ] in North ], England. It was largely co-terminous with the existing parish of Molland, in which is situated the village of ]. More accurately it consisted from the earliest times of two separate manors, held from separate overlords, later known as ''Molland-Bottreaux'' and ''Molland-Champson''. | |||
| {{in use}} | |||
| {{Original research|discuss=Original_research_etc|date=July 2013}} | |||
| {{Synthesis|article|date=July 2013}} | |||
| {{Primary sources|article|date=July 2013}} | |||
| The '''Manor of Molland''' was a ] ] in North ], England. It was largely co-terminous with the existing parish of Molland, in which is situated the village of ]. More accurately it consisted from the earliest times of two separate manors, held from separate ]s, later known as ''Molland-Bottreaux'' and ''Molland-Champson''. | |||
| The Exeter ] of 1086 records three entries for manors called "Molland", two in South Molton ] and one in North Molton ]. The latter does not relate to today's village and estate of Molland, but to a separate ancient small manor later called "Molland-Sarazen", about 7 miles to the NW, in today's parish of ]. | |||
| ==Descent of the manor== | |||
| The Exeter ] of 1086 records three entries for manors called "Molland", two in South Molton ] and one in North Molton ]. The latter does not relate to today's village and estate of Molland, but to a separate ancient small manor later called "Molland-Sarazen", about 7 miles to the NW, in today's parish of ], {{Citation needed span|1=and now memorialized by the name of Higher Molland Farm and Molland Cross nearby it.|date=July 2013}} This manor in North Molton hundred was held by Tetbald, son of Berner, who was the father-in-law of Odo. The two entries for Molland in South Molton hundred relate to a former ancient division of the present unified manor into two parts: One larger part listed under the ] of the king, the other much smaller part under the lands of ] (died 1093), ], both in the county of "Devenesira" or "Devrescira".<ref>Victoria County History, Devon, vol. 1, pp. 409, 425, 508</ref> These two divisions of Molland later became known respectively as "Molland Bottreaux" after the ] family and "Molland Champeaux" {{Citation needed span|1=now memorialized by Champson Farm,|date=July 2013}} between Molland Church and West Molland Barton. | |||
| According to White's ''Devonshire Directory'' of 1850: | |||
| The royal manor was {{Citation needed span|1=granted before 1194|reason=and is inconsistent with date given below|date=July 2013}} by the king to the Botreaux family as his ] whilst the smaller manor became a part of the ] and was granted, {{Citation needed span|1=probably by the de Tracy feudal barons of Barnstaple,|date=July 2013}} with several other manors, to one of their knights, a member of the de Champeaux family (] to de Champellis/Campellis), {{Citation needed span|1=probably from ]|date=July 2013}} on the coast of Normandy between ] and ]. {{Citation needed span|1=From the latter place probably originated the ancient family of Grenville,|date=July 2013}} lords of the manor of ]. <!-- **This is of unclear relevance** Radulfo de Champeaux was a witness to a charter of King Richard I dated 24 March 1195 given at Fougeres in Normandy confirming to the Abbey of Luzerne and the canons regular there serving God the gifts of William de Sancto Johanne and Hasculf de Soligneio, "according to their charters, and all other gifts, by whomsoever made". The charter is in the archives of the Abbey of St Mary, Montmorel, for Augustinian canons in the diocese of Avranches.<ref>J. Horace Round (editor), Calendar of Documents Preserved in France: 918-1206, no.784, 1899, pp.281-308 </ref> --> | |||
| <blockquote>Sir Robert George Throckmorton, Bart., owns nearly all the parish, and is lord of the manor of Molland Bottreaux, anciently held by the Bottreaux family, and afterwards by the Hungerfords, whose heiress carried it in marriage to a younger branch of the Courtenays, who were seated here till 1732, when their heiress brought it to the Throckmortons. The Bottreaux family and succeeding owners had a mansion and park at West Molland. The manor house of Molland Champeaux, or Champion, was long the seat of the Columbs, and afterwards of the Courtenays.<ref>{{cite book|last=White|first=William|title=Molland - extract from Devonshire Directory|url=http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/DEV/Molland/|accessdate=16 July 2013|year=1850|publisher=GenUKI UK and Ireland Genealogy}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| ===Molland-Bottreaux=== | |||
| ====Domesday Book, Molland-Bottreaux==== | |||
| ] of 1086]] | |||
| The text of Exeter ] of 1086, relating to the manor later known as Molland-Bottreaux, under the heading "The King's Demesne belonging to the kingdom in Devenesscira" is as follows: <blockquote>Mollande in the time of king Edward paid geld for four hides and one ferling. There is land for forty ploughs. In demesne are three ploughs, and ten serfs, and thirty villeins, and twenty bordars, with sixteen ploughs. There are twelve acres of meadow, and fifteen acres of wood. Pasture three leugas in length and breadth. It renders twenty-four pounds by weight.<br /><br />To this manor has been annexed Blachepole. Elward held it in the time of king Edward as a manor, and it paid geld for half a hide. There is land for two ploughs. There are five villeins with one serf. It is worth twenty shillings by weight and assay. To the same manor has been unjustly annexed Nimete, and it is worth fifteen shillings. To the same manor pertains the third penny of the hundreds of Nortmoltone and Badentone and Brantone, and the third animal of the pasture of the moors.<ref> Published by the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art. Volume 1, Plymouth 1884-92. Pages 59 and 61.</ref></blockquote> | |||
| ====De Botreaux==== | |||
| ] (died 1462), ] Church, Somerset]] | |||
| The larger manor was {{Citation needed span|1=granted away sometime before 1189|reason=and disagrees with date given above|date=July 2013}} by the king to a Norman knight surnamed ''De Botreaux'' {{Citation needed span|1=(pronounced today in Molland as "butt'ry",|date=July 2013}} as in Bottreaux Mill, a hamlet and former corn-mill within the parish<ref>The pronunciation in 1903 was "Botter's Mill" as reported by the former curate of Molland & Knowstone Arthur Lancefield, in Devon Notes & Queries, Vol.2, 1902/3, p.105</ref>), probably from ], Upper Normandy, 40 km SW of ], in the modern departement of ],<ref>Lower's "Family Names", quoted by GEC Complete Peerage</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=who had built a castle at ]|date=July 2013}} on the North Cornish coast, which place is now called ] after his family. The manor which then became known as "Molland-Bottreaux" (the spelling has been modernised to double-T) included the adjacent manor of ] and before 1189 either the original recipient of Molland or his descendant, a certain "William de Botreaux" gave the ]s of the churches of Forrabury, Molland and Knowstone to the newly founded ], on the coast about half-way between Forrabury and Molland. These grants, {{Citation needed span|1=which clearly had been made in an earlier reign,|date=July 2013}} were confirmed by ] (1189–1199) soon after he became king, in a charter dated 8 November 1189.<ref>Chope, R. Pearse, The Book of Hartland, Torquay, 1940, p.57</ref> The advowsons of all three churches continued to be held by Hartland until the ]. The earliest member of the family who can be firmly identified is Reynold (died 1273), father of William (died 1302), father of William (died 1342), father of Reynold (died 1346), father of William (died 1349) who was the father of ] (1337–1391).<ref>GEC Complete Peerage, Vol.2, pp.241-244, note (d), p.241</ref> The Botreaux landholdings expanded greatly when William de Botreaux (died 1349) married Isabel de Moels, daughter and co-heiress of her father ] (died 1337) whose family had held since the time of ](died. c. 1270) a ] of the ] of ], Somerset. Isabel's co-heiress was her sister Muriel, wife of Sir Thomas Courtenay (died 1356), younger son of ] (died 1340)), {{Citation needed span|1=which marriage had probably arisen due to the sisters' uncle|date=July 2013}} ] (died 1316) having been the husband of Margaret Courtenay (died 1349), the 1st Earl's sister. William and Isabel's descendants {{Citation needed span|1=thenceforth appear to have been resident at North Cadbury Court,|date=July 2013}} the ] of the feudal barony, although John de Botreaux the 3rd son of the 1st Baron is said to have lived at Molland.<ref>Rogers, W.H. Hamilton, The Antient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon, Exeter, 1877, p.388</ref> The first baron's son was ] (1367–1395) and his son was | |||
| ] (1389–1462), who was the last of the male line, and was buried in North Cadbury Church, where his effigy with that of his wife Elizabeth Beaumont survives today. In 1435 he was appointed by ] (died 1460), father of the future ] (1461–1483), as forester of the ]s of ] and of ], Somerset, as is recorded in a French surviving in the British Library summarised in Harleian Charter 43 E 47.<ref>published as charter no.243, Sir Christopher Hatton's Book of Seals, Oxford, 1950, p.177. Facsimile on display in Molland Church</ref> | |||
| ====Hungerford==== | |||
| On the death of the 3rd Baron Botreaux without male heir his sole heiress to his large estates including Molland was his daughter Margaret de Botreaux (died 1477) who married ] (died 1459), to whom the lands passed '']''. When Lord Hungerford's sister Elizabeth married Sir Philip II Courtenay (1404–1463) of ], {{Citation needed span|1=he appears to have given her the manor of Molland-Bottreaux for her marriage portion.|date=July 2013}} Sir Philip II was the grandson of the Sir Philip I Courtenay, KG, (1340–1406) of Powderham, the 4th son of ] (1303–1377) by his wife ], daughter of ] (died 1322). He had been bequeathed the Bohun manor of Powderham by the will of his mother dated 1390,<ref>Vivian, Heralds' Visitation of Devon, 1895, p.244</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=so that as a younger son he could establish his own seat,|date=July 2013}} the estates of his father having all descended to his eldest brother ], ] (1326–1349) and his descendants, Earls of Devon. | |||
| ====Courtenay of Molland==== | |||
| =====Sir Philip I Courtenay of Molland (died 1488)===== | |||
| ] | |||
| The first Courtenay to have been seated at Molland was Sir Philip I Courtenay of Molland,<ref>He is the first "Courtenay of Molland" listed by Vivian, p.246, with his descendants listed on pp.251-2 under the heading "Courtenay of Molland"</ref> ] {{Citation needed span|1=in 1470/1|reason=not sure this is the correct conversion of 11 Edw IV|date=July 2013}}.<ref>Pole, William, Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon. p. 98; Risdon, 1811 edition. Appendix "The Sheriffs of Devon since the Conquest", p.11, date of tenure given as 11 Edward IV {{Citation needed span|1=(i.e. 1470/1)|reason=not sure this is the correct conversion|date=July 2013}}</ref> He was the second son of Sir Philip II Courtenay of Powderham by his wife Elizabeth Hungerford.<ref>Vivian, p.246</ref> and was given the manor of Molland as his ]<ref>Rogers, W.H. Hamilton, The Antient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon, Exeter, 1877, p.385</ref> and established there his own branch of the family.<ref>He is the first "Courtenay of Molland" listed by Vivian, p.246, with his descendants listed on pp.251-2 under the heading "Courtenay of Molland"</ref> He married Elizabeth, the widow of William Hyndeston of Wonwall.<ref>Vivian, p.246. Other authors (Risdon, Rogers) give differing details.</ref> Elizabeth had a son from her first marriage named Robert Hyndeston, aged 30 at her death.<ref>Vivian, p.246</ref> | |||
| Rogers described as "seemingly portions of a ]"<ref>Rogers, p.384</ref> fragments of sculpted stone decorated with gothic ]s and heraldic shields, which stand in Molland Church. These form a small box-like object now situated railed-off on the floor against the east wall of the north aisle under the mural monument to John Courtenay (died 1732). This object was referred to by W.G. Hoskins as "a curious double heart-stone...a receptacle for the hearts of a Courtenay and his wife".<ref>Hoskins, W.G., A New Survey of England: Devon, London, 1959, p.437</ref> The escutcheons show the arms of Courtenay alone and ] a bend.<ref>Rogers: "apparently a bend charged with three mullets", p.384</ref> One escutcheon of Courtenay is ] by two dolphins.<ref>Rogers, p.384</ref> | |||
| Sir Philip I Courtenay had the following progeny:<ref>Vivian, p.251-2</ref> | |||
| *John I Courtenay (1466–1510), of Molland, eldest son and heir (see below) | |||
| *Philip Courtenay, 2nd son, who married Jane Fowell, daughter of Richard Fowell of Fowelscombe, ].<ref>Vivian, p369, pedigree of Fowell. The ruins of a large Tudor mansion, with extensions c.1800, exist on the site today </ref> He was the heir of his brother William of Loughtor and Loughtor descended to his sole daughter and heiress Elizabeth Courtenay,<ref>Vivian, p.251, shows Elizabeth as wife of William Strode, as daughter of Philip and as neice of "William Courtenay of Loughton (sic)"; Pevsner, 2004, p.685, re Plympton St Mary Church: "effigy probably to William Courtenay of Loughtor"; Risdon, Survey of Devon, 1810 ed., p.395: "Loughtor, which was united to Newnham in the reign of Elizabeth by the marriage of William Strode with the heiress of Courtenay"</ref> who married William Strode of ], {{Citation needed span|1=in whose possession Loughtor remained for many centuries|date=July 2013}} and on which site {{Citation needed span|1=they built their new Georgian seat of New Newnham House, today known as Newnham Park,|date=July 2013}} the site of a clay-pigeon shooting school.<ref></ref> | |||
| *William Courtenay (3rd son), of Loughtor, ], Devon, in the church of which exists his probable effigy.<ref>Pevsner, 2004, p.685, re Plympton St Mary Church: "effigy probably to William Courtenay of Loughtor"</ref> The Courtenays, before they had become Earls of Devon, had been ] of ] and of ].<ref>Sanders, I.J. English Baronies, a Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327, Oxford, 1960, pp.70, 138</ref> | |||
| *Elizabeth Courtenay (d. pre-1509) married ] (died 1509) who was created ] by King ] following the extinction of the ancient line of his cousins the Courtenay Earls of Devon in 1471, after the three Courtenay brothers, each successively Earl of Devon, were killed or executed during the ]: ] (died 1461), Henry (died 1466), deemed by many sources to have inherited the earldom ''de jure'', and ] (died 1471), killed at the ]. | |||
| *Margaret Courtenay, married Sir John Champernoun of ]. | |||
| =====John I Courtenay (1466–27 March 1510)===== | |||
| ] | |||
| John I Courtenay (1466–27 March 1510)<ref>Date of death as inscribed on his gravestone in Molland Church, Visitation of Devon states 27 March 1509</ref> (eldest son), married Joan Brett, the sister of Robert Brett (died 1540), lord of the manor of Pilland<ref>Lord of Manor per ], 1745, (quoted by Reed, Margaret, Pilton, its Past and its People, Barnstaple, 1985, p.3)</ref> in the parish of ] and the last steward of ] who in 1536 following its ] purchased the Prior's House (now called "Bull House") next to Pilton Church.<ref>Reed, p.152</ref> Joan married secondly (after 1510), as his second wife, Sir John Chichester (died 1537) of ] in the parish of Pilton, and from her were descended the cadet branch of the Chichester family of ]. The Brett family was from ]<ref>Reed, p.175</ref> in Somerset and had married the heiress of Pilland late in the 15th. century.<ref>Reed, Margaret, Pilton, its Past and its People, Barnstaple 1985 (first published 1977), p.32</ref> The family is today represented by ]. The arms of Brett are: ''Or, a lion rampant between six crosses crosslet fitchy gules''.<ref>Reed, p.243</ref> John Courtenay is stated by ] to have fought for ] at the ] in 1471. John's uncle was ] (1440–1492) ] subsequently ]. {{Citation needed span|1=No Courtenay monuments survive at Molland from the time of John's tomb-stone of 1510 until the mural monument of John Courtenay|date=July 2013}} (died 1660), 5th. in descent from him. His second son by Joan Brett was John Courtenay who married Elizabeth Chichester, a daughter of James Chichester (died 1548) of ], and who founded a cadet Courtenay line {{Citation needed span|1=which continued to live at Molland, in residence unknown, until the 18th. century,|date=July 2013}} and intermarried with the senior line of Courtenay of Molland <ref>Robert Courtenay (died 1630) of the cadet line married in 1591 Dorothy Courtenay (died 1642), a daughter of Philip III Courtenay (died 1611) of Molland (Vivian, p.251)</ref> descended from his elder brother Phillip II. | |||
| =====Philip II Courtenay (died 1548)===== | |||
| Philip II Courtenay (died 1548)<ref>Vivian, p.251</ref> of Molland, (eldest son) married Alice Matthew of Dodbrook. One of his daughters, Dorothy, married Anthony Culme "of Tiverton",<ref>Visitation of Devon, Vivian</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=probably of the Culme family of Molland-Champson|date=July 2013}} which acquired ] near ] after the ]. | |||
| =====Robert Courtenay (died 1583)===== | |||
| Robert Courtenay (died 1583), (eldest son and heir), married thrice, firstly to Dorothy Pollard (died 1560), daughter of Sir Hugh Pollard of ]. He married secondly Joan Coles and thirdly in 1583 to Joan Fortescue, daughter of Lewis Fortescue of Fallapit. | |||
| =====Philip III Courtenay (1547–1611)===== | |||
| Philip III Courtenay (1547–1611) (son by first wife Dorothy Pollard), married Joane Boyes (died 1586), daughter of John Boyes of Kent. One of their daughters, Lydia, married Richard Culme in Molland Church. Their daughter Elizabeth Courtenay (died 1624) married in 1600<ref>Vivian, p.251</ref> to the Hollander Peter Muden, a doctor of medicine, of ], three miles south-east of Tiverton. {{Citation needed span|1=Shortly before 1600 Muden had enlarged the parish church|date=July 2013}} and later erected the existing mural monument to his wife which contains a female effigy between two children with verse.<ref>Polwhele, vol.2, p.256</ref> | |||
| =====Humphrey Courtenay (1568–1634)===== | |||
| Humphrey Courtenay (1568–1634), (eldest son), married Jane Mohun, daughter of Sir William Mohun of Hall. The marriage was without progeny. She survived her husband and remarried Sir John Specot of Thornbury. | |||
| =====Charles Courtenay (died 1612)===== | |||
| Charles Courtenay (died 1612) (brother), married in 1601 to Ann Coles, daughter of John Coles of Barken. | |||
| =====John II Courtenay (d.1660/1)===== | |||
| ] {{Citation needed span|1=displaying the arms of Courtenay of Molland ] Wyndham|date=July 2013}}]] | |||
| John II Courtenay (d.1660/1) (son), married Margaret Wyndham, daughter of Sir ] (1558–1645) of ] in Somerset. His monument is situated in Molland Church on the north wall of the north aisle and is inscribed thus: <blockquote>To the memory of ye Right Worshipfull John Courtenay of West Molland, Esq'r (He married Margarite the daughter of ] of ] in the county of Somerset, Knight, by whom he had two sonnes and fouer daughters, viz John, James, Katherine, Elizabeth, Margarite & Grace) He departed this life the 26th day of February Anno Dom(ini) 1660. To the memory also of the Right Worshipfull John Courtenay Esq'r sonn of the above named John Courtenay. He departed this life the 24th day of April Anno Dom(ini) 1684".</blockquote> On a roundel under: <blockquote>To the memory of Margarite ye wife of ye above named John Courtenay & daughter of Sir John Windham of Orchard Windham by the Lady Johan his wife who was daughter of Sir Henry Portman of Orchard Portman in ye county of Somerset, Knight. Shee departed this life the first day of October 1684</blockquote>. His second son James died at his residence in ] in 1683, in which parish church there exists a mural monument to his memory {{Citation needed span|1=in the style of the Molland monuments.|date=July 2013}} He was however buried in Molland Church in the grave of his first wife Susanna Sandford, whose slate tombstone is in the floor of the north aisle. In this same grave is also buried James's second wife Elizabeth Lynn (died 1700), who married James as her second husband and who erected the Meshaw monument. She married thirdly Philip Shapland of Swimbridge, as her slate mural monument on the east wall of the north aisle of Molland Church attests. <!-- **can't see the relevance of this** A monument exists in ] Church to ] (1558–1645) of ] House, near ] and his wife Joan Portman. Margaret was his 8th child, his 7th having been Joan Wyndham who married John Giffard of Brightley Barton, ] parish. --> | |||
| <!-- **None of this appears to be relevant to the Manor of Molland** In the church of ] is a mural monument with the following wording: <blockquote>To the memory of James Courtnay'' (sic) ''Esq.r. 2d son of John Courtnay of Molland in this county, Esq.r. who died at Meshaw House the 27th of March 1683 & was buried among his ancestors in Molland Church in ye grave of his first wife Susanna ye daughter of Henry Sandford of ] in ye county of Somers.t, Esq.r. His 2d wife & relict (being also relict of Lewis Rosier of ] in this county, Gent.) was Elizabeth daughter of Will. Lynn Esq.r of ] in ] who to ye lasting memory of her Lord did this too slender monument afford, for in her judgement she could scarce approve so mean an offering for so great a love. Were it as great and lasting too as she could wish ye me(m)ory of his love should be, this marble would out live eternity.</blockquote> | |||
| Susanna Sandford was the daughter of Henry Sandford (died 1644) of ], Somerset (whose gravestone exists in the chancel floor of Nynehead Church), by Mary Ashford, heiress of ], Devon.<ref>Collinson, John. History and Antiquities of the County of Somerset</ref> The originator of this monument at Meshaw was James Courtenay's second wife Elizabeth Lynn (died 1700), daughter of William Lynn of ], 11 miles SW of ], which family resided there between 1442 and 1840. Elizabeth had married James Courtenay as her second husband, having first married Lewis Rosier (died 1676) of Swimbridge, whose monument can be seen in St James's Church, Swimbridge.<ref>"North wall north aisle large wall monument with small urns flanking achievement above shouldered surround with puttis to each side and winged skull below to Lewis Rosier d.1676 with original | |||
| painted decoration". .</ref> After James's death she married thirdly Philip Shapcote of ]. Elizabeth was buried, according to her wishes, in the same tomb in Molland Church as her second husband James Courtenay, who had already been buried therein together with his first wife Susanna Sandford. This is made clear by her mural memorial tablet of stone covered with slate-coloured gesso in Molland Church on the east wall of the north aisle which reads as follows: <blockquote>To ye memory of Mrs Shapcote ye wife of Philip Shapcote of Knowstone Esq. who was second wife & relict of James Courtenay Esq. and now lyes in (thistle?) interr (ed) in ye same grave with him according to his passionate desires & her pro (mise) to him in testimony of their mutual love. Obiit 12.o<ref>''Duodecimo'' (12th)</ref> Nov. 1700.</blockquote> On the base of the tablet are engraved the arms of Shapcote ''Sable, 3 dovecotes argent''<ref>Arms of Sir John Shapcote, as depicted in stained glass, Bampton church ''Sable, 3 dovecots argent; see also . These arms can also be seen on the memorial tablet in Knowstone Church erected by Elizabeth to her grandson Philip Shapcote</ref> ] Lynn ''Argent, a demi-lion gules within a bordure bezantee''<ref>Tinctures of Lynn arms {{Reference necessary|1=as seen on Rositer monument in Swimbridge Church.|date=July 2013}} Tinctures given differently as ''Gules, a demi-lion rampant or.'' by Robson, Thomas, The British Herald. Burke's General Armory gives other versions</ref> The crest over the ], which would normally be that of the husband, is here a demi-lion rampant, {{Reference necessary|1=clearly a repetition of the Lynn arms.|reason=provided ref doesn't seem to confirm this|date=July 2013}}<ref>The crest of Lynn is given in Burke's General Armory as: ''A lion's head erased'' (p.633). The crest of Shapcote is there given as : ''A goat's head erased''(p.916)</ref> --> | |||
| =====John III Courtenay (died 1684)===== | |||
| John Courtenay (1630–1684), (eldest son) married Mary Stucley, daughter of John Stucley of ], Devon, by his wife Elizabeth Coode. | |||
| =====John IV Courtenay (died 1724)===== | |||
| ] | |||
| John Courtenay (died 1724), (eldest surviving son and heir of John Courtenay (died 1684)), married Amy Clifford, third daughter of ], (died 1673) of ], ], Lord Treasurer of England. His first two sons died as minors, John the eldest died as an infant in 1682, and the second, James, died unmarried in 1703 aged 19. In 1703 he purchased the manor of Molland-Champson from Sir ] (died 1711), husband of | |||
| Jane Culme (1637–1674), sister and heiress of Richard II Culme (1635–1658/9). His heir was his 3rd son John Courtenay (1687–1732). His monument in Molland Church is inscribed as follows: | |||
| <blockquote>Here lyeth the body of John Courtenay of West Molland Esq.r. who died the 14th of Sep.ber 1724 aged 65; married Amy the 3d. daughter of the Right Hon.ble ] Lord Treasu.r. of England in the time of King Charles ye second; she died ''An. Dom.'' 1693 aged 33 by whom he had issue six sons and three daughters; four of them are deceased; John the first born, James, Hugh and Charles who are all buryed here. Tis the request of John Courtenay Esq.r. who erected this monument ye neither his heirs or excequetors disturb the ashes of his honour'd father & mother.</blockquote>On a roundel below: <blockquote>Underneath lieth interr'd the body of George Courtenay, Gent. the second surviving son of the abovesaid Courtenay Esq. who dep.d. this life June 17, 1731 aged 30.</blockquote> George married Mary Chichester, 3rd daughter of Sir Arthur Chichester, Baronet, of ]. | |||
| =====John V Courtenay (died 1732)===== | |||
| ] | |||
| John V Courtenay (1687–1732) (3rd and eldest surviving son), married Margaret Giffard (died 1743), daughter and sole heiress of John Giffard (1667/8-1704) of ] in the parish of ] and lord of the manor of Chittlehampton. The marriage was without progeny, and thus John V was the last male of the Courtenays of Molland. His heir was his sister Mary Courtenay (1687-1747), the first wife of William Paston (1701–1769) of ] in Gloucestershire, who married secondly in 1751 Mary Chichester, his widow's sister's sister-in-law. On the east wall to the north of the chancel is situated a mural monument to John V Courtenay (died 1732), inscribed as follows: <blockquote>Underneath lyes interr'd the body of the Honourable John Courtenay Esq. who departed this life on the eleventh day of December 1732 aged 44. This monument was erected at the appointment of the Honourable Margaret Courtenay, relict of the said John Courtenay Esq. daughter and sole heiress to John Giffard late of Brightley in this county, Esq. "As good, as great, but living amongst sinners was translated" ] 4th chap'r.<ref>Wisdom, 4:10, ''Placens Deo factus est dilectus et vivens inter peccatores translatus est''. This book appears only in Roman Catholic Bibles.</ref> Underneath and on the left hand of the abovesaid Jn. Courtenay Esq. are reposited the remains of Margaret (his late wife & widow) who departed this life August the 30th 1743.</blockquote> | |||
| The other surviving sister of John Courtenay (died 1732) was Elizabeth Courtenay (1693–1763), who married, as his first wife, John Chichester (1707–1783) of ]. The marriage was without progeny and he married again after her death. She inherited {{Citation needed span|1=(possibly for her life only in default of progeny)|date=July 2013}} a ] of her brother's estate, {{Citation needed span|1=which appears promptly to have been mortgaged to provide funds for her marriage settlement.|date=July 2013}} {{Citation needed span|1=The summary of the mortgage deed gives an indication of the extent of her inheritance.|reason=interpretation of a primary source|date=July 2013}}<ref></ref> | |||
| <!-- **unnecessary large quote, barely relevant** <blockquote>Demise for 1,000 years, in trust to raise £1,500 (1) John Chichester of Arlington, otherwise Athrington, esq. Elizabeth, his wife (one of the 2 daughters of John Courtenay, the elder, late of West Molland, esq., dec'd, and one of the 2 sisters and heirs at law of John Courtenay, the younger, late of West Molland, esq., also dec'd) (2) John Pyne of East Down, esq. John Basset of ], esq. The undivided moiety, deemed to be the estate of John Chichester and Elizabeth, in the right of Elizabeth, of and in the manors of Molland Botreaux and Knowstone Beaples, in Molland, Knowstone, East and West Ansty, and Bishops Nympton; and of and in the manors of Molland Champson, alias Champeaux , and ], alias Martinshow, alias Mattinhoe and Ruccombe, in Cruwys Morchard. Also of and in other lands in Molland, Twitchen, Bishops Nympton, West Ansty, Knowstone, Rose Ash, Rackenford (all the above in Devon); and in Sampford Bret, Saint Decumans, Stoke Gumber, Cuttcombe, Winford, Dullverton, Timbercombe, Luckham, all in Somerset.</blockquote> --> | |||
| {{Citation needed span|1=Two days later the same lands were the subject of a marriage settlement of lease and release.|reason=interpretation of a primary source|date=July 2013}}<ref></ref> | |||
| <!-- **unnecessary large quote, barely relevant** <blockquote> | |||
| Marriage Settlement, by Lease and Release (1) John Chichester of Arlington, alias Athrington, esq. | |||
| Elizabeth, his wife (one of the 2 daughters of John Courtenay, the elder, late of West Molland, esq., dec'd, and one of the 2 sisters and heirs at law of John Courtenay, the younger, late of West Molland, esq., also dec'd) William Paston of Horton, Gloucester, esq. Anna Maria Paston, spinster, daughter and only child of the above, and of Mary, his late wife (who was the other daughter of John Courtenay, the elder, and the other sister and heir at law of John Courtenay, the younger) (2) Sir Robert Throckmorton of Weston Underwood, Bucks, bart. George Throckmorton, esq., his only son and heir (3) Thomas Buckle of Castle Yard, London, gent. | |||
| Joseph Hodges of the same place, gent. (4) Sir William Courtenay of Powderham Castle, bart. | |||
| Henry Reginald Courtenay of the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, Middlesex, brother of the above Peregrine Courtenay of Pilton, esq., another brother of the same (5) Sir John Chichester of Yolstone, bart. Thomas Fettiplace of Swinford, Oxford, esq. (6) Charles Noel, Duke of Beaufort | |||
| Sir Edward Blount of Mawley, Sallop, bart. | |||
| Sir Charles Chester of Chicheley, Bucks, bart. | |||
| (7) Sir Henry Tichbourne of Frimley, Surrey, bart. | |||
| George Wright of Gothurst, Bucks, esq. (8) Hugh, Earl of Clinton Henry Hunloke, eldest son and heir apparent of Sir Windsor Hunloke of Wingerworth, Derby, bart. Premises as for 50/11/27/5 (16th May, 1748).</blockquote> --> | |||
| ====Courtenay arms at West Molland==== | |||
| A heraldic ] is sculpted on the north facade of West Molland Barton, above the front door. On a scroll below an escutcheon couché bearing ''three ] a label of three points in chief each point charged with three roundels'' is the following legend in Roman capitals: “This is the armes of Hugh Courtny sometimes Earle of Devon who was grandfather unto Sr. Phillip Courtny of Mol.nd., knight”. {{Citation needed span|1=The legend is inaccurate as Sir Philip Courtenay of Molland (born 1445) (2nd son of Sir Philip Courtenay (1404–1463) of ] by Elizabeth Hungerford) was the great-great-grandson of Sir ] (1303–1377).|date=July 2013}} The tomb and effigies of the Earl and his wife Margaret Bohun, heiress of Powderham, can be seen in Exeter Cathedral. Shown as supporters are: ], the Bohun swan, ] the boar of Courtenay. The crest of Courtenay is generally given as: ''out of a ducal coronet or, a plume of seven ostrich feathers four and three argent'',<ref>Debrett's Peerage, 1968, Earl of Devon, p.353 & Burke's General Armory, 1884, p.235</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=which may be more generally | |||
| described as a ''panache''.|date=July 2013}} The crest at West Molland shows 10 feathers, three, four, three. | |||
| The second crest of the Courtenay Earls of Devon is: ''A dolphin embowed ]'', which may be seen here behind the escutcheon. {{Citation needed span|1=The spelling of "Courtny" is not used in any of the church monuments dating from 1660,|date=July 2013}} which all use the form "Courtenay". {{Citation needed span|1=The earliest gravestone in the church is that of John Courtenay (died 1510)|date=July 2013}} in gothic script, which spells the name "Courtenay". {{Citation needed span|1=It is likely to have been erected before 1531|date=July 2013}} when occurred the first ] of Devon,<ref></ref> at which county gentry were required to report their lineage as proof of their entitlement to bear arms. | |||
| ====Paston==== | |||
| ] (1701–1779). At Coughton Court, NTPL ref no: 58003]] | |||
| Mary Courtenay (bapt.1/2/1687, died 1747),<ref>Mary Courtenay was buried at Horton Church 31/10/1747</ref> married in 1725 William Paston (died 1769)<ref>William Paston was buried at Horton Church on 14/1/1769, aged 68. Source, Glos. Notes & Queries, vol.3, 1887 </ref> of ] near ], Gloucestershire. Mary Courtenay was said by the Antiquary ] (died 1735) to have been "a lady of great understanding and virtue".<ref>], (Ed.), Reliquiae Hearniance, vol.2, 1857, p.618, quoted in Glos. Notes & Queries</ref> There is a monument to William Paston (died 1769) in Horton Church, where both he and his wife Mary Courtenay were buried. | |||
| Their daughter Anne Maria Paston (born at Horton 22 January 1728),<ref>Glos. Notes & Queries, vol.3, 1887</ref> who was also a co-heiress of ] (1633–1712), married Sir George Throckmorton (1721–1767), only son of Sir Robert Throckmorton, 4th baronet (died 1791), whom he predeceased. Molland manor thus passed into the Throckmorton family. | |||
| ====Throckmorton==== | |||
| ] | |||
| Sir George Throckmorton (1721–1767), who did not live long enough to inherit the baronetcy from his own father, was the father of three Throckmorton baronets, none of whom produced surviving male progeny: Sir John Courtenay Throckmorton, 5th Baronet (1754–1819), Sir George Courtenay Throckmorton, 6th Baronet (1754–1826) and Sir Charles Throckmorton, 7th Baronet (1757–1840). Their youngest brother William Throckmorton (1762–1819) was the father of ] (1800–1862).<ref></ref>{{verify credibility|date=July 2013}} | |||
| ===Molland-Champson=== | |||
| ====Domesday Book, Molland-Champson==== | |||
| ] of 1086, under the heading: "Land of the ] in Devrescira", regarding the manor later called "Molland-Champson"]] | |||
| The text of the Exeter ] of 1086, under the heading: "Land of the ] (i.e. ]) in Devrescira" is as follows (English translation):<blockquote>The bishop has a manor called "Mollanda" which Ulwena held ] and it paid geld for ½ hide. This 4 ploughs can till. Drogo holds it of the bishop. Thereof Drogo has 1 virgate and 1 plough in demesne and the villeins 1 virgate and 1 plough. There Drogo has 3 villeins, 4 bordars, 2 serfs, 8 beasts, 10 swine, 40 sheep, 30 acres of woodland and 1 ½ acres of meadow. Worth 25s. And it was worth the same when the bishop received it.<ref>Victoria County History, Devon, vol.1, 1906, p.425</ref></blockquote> | |||
| ====de Champeaus==== | |||
| {{primary sources|section|date=July 2013}} | |||
| ] in his "Notebook":<ref>Risdon, Tristram, Tristram Risdon's Notebook, c. 1630, p.16</ref> ''A boar statant'' (no tinctures given)]] | |||
| "Robert de Chaumpians" was a witness to a donation made in the Devon County Court on 23 November 1192 by Martin Oisun to Martin de Fissacre.<ref>Quoted by Watkin, p.1044-5, source: Walrond Papers, fo.30</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=Many of the other witnesses are North Devon names, such as De Punchardon, Peverel (see ]), Coffin, and it appears to relate to North Devon affairs.|date=July 2013}} | |||
| In the deed dated 28 January 1196 which solved the dispute between the de Tracy and Braose families, both heirs to the feudal barony of Barnstaple, the subsidiary manors of the barony were split between the two, and listed. One of the manors which went to Oliver de Tracy, the son of Henry de Tracy, was "Loxbeare", which was then described as held by William ''de Champels'' for the service of one ].<ref>Devon Feet of Fines, Vol.1, ed. Oswald Reichel, Exeter, 1912, no.1</ref> | |||
| In 1202 a law-suit is recorded in the Devon Feet of Fines in which Oliver de Tracy, ], demanded ] of seven knights from ''William de Champeaus'' in respect of the following manors held by him from the barony: | |||
| *Bonlege (]) | |||
| *Stodleg (], {{Citation needed span|1=perhaps memorialised today by "Chample's Farm"|date=July 2013}}) | |||
| *Modland (Molland-Champson) | |||
| *Aiwis (Huish Beaupel, ]) | |||
| *Hamtoneford (Handsford, ]) | |||
| *Bettenden (]) | |||
| *Anestinges (Anstey Money in ]) | |||
| *Lockesbere (]) | |||
| *Pedehill (Peadhill, ]) | |||
| William replied that under the terms of his ] he owed his ] de Tracy the service of only four knights. | |||
| A further legal suit heard before the Justices Itinerant of King Henry III at Exeter on 24 April 1219 is recorded between John Malherbe and Sibilla his wife, and widow of Nicholas de Champellis, against William ''de Champellis'', {{Citation needed span|1=presumably her son or step-son and Nicholas' heir.|date=July 2013}} She claimed as part of her customary dower (comprising 1/3 of her husband's lands) the township of "Harewde" (West Horwood) and "Moulande". William paid her 4 marks of silver to settle her claim and retained possession of the lands.<ref>Devon Feet of Fines, no.76</ref> | |||
| A later legal case is recorded, heard before the Justices Itinerant at ] on 5 July 1248. Robert ''de Champeaus'' had granted by gift a ] of the manor of "Stodlegh" (East Stoodleigh) to Robert FitzPain under the tenure of ] comprising the payment of one pair of white gloves or 1 penny due annually on the feast of St Michael, and also of performing the overseas military service which was due by the holder of the manor to the king. The dispute was settled by payment of 100 shillings sterling by FitzPain to de Champeaus.<ref>Devon Feet of Fines, no.460</ref> | |||
| The 1285 landholdings of Geoffrey de Camville (died 1308), '']'' feudal baron of Barnstaple included under the heading "] of South Molton: "Champeleston, 1/2 a ] '']''.<ref>Transactions of Devon Assoc., vol. 28, fo. 369, quoted in Watkin, Hugh R., The History of Totnes Priory & Medieval Town, Vol. 2, Torquay, 1917, p.1120</ref> The name of his tenant was not given. Robert de Champeaux (died 1325), {{Citation needed span|1=possibly descended from this family,|date=July 2013}} was ]. | |||
| ====de Whiteby==== | |||
| In 1326 it was held as one ] from the ], the lord of which was William II FitzMartin, who died '']'' in 1326. His ] lists all his land-holdings including under the section "] pertaining to the barony of Barnstaple": {{Citation needed span|1="Mollond Champens:|reason=unless the cited ref states that this place is Molland-Champson, to assume so is OR|date=July 2013}} 1 fee held by John de Whiteby".<ref>Inq.p.m. 19 Edward II, no.710, quoted in Watkin, Hugh R., The History of Totnes Priory & Medieval Town, Vol. 2, Torquay, 1917, p.1069</ref> | |||
| ====Culme==== | |||
| ] or'']] | |||
| The small manor of Molland-Champson was acquired at some time before 1514 by the Culme family (or "Columb", "Culem", "Colyn", "Culine" etc.), of Winkleigh, but in 1703 was acquired from their heir by the Courtenays of Molland-Bottreaux, who thus unified the manor. {{Citation needed span|1=The family may have derived its name from some ancient landholding in the area of the ], perhaps at ] or ].|date=July 2013}} The family acquired ] in ] parish, Devon, after the ] in the 16th century, and also then acquired the ] of Molland and Knowstone churches from ], which had received the same by the gift of de Botreaux in the 12th century. Canons Leigh Barton (or "Canonsleigh") was in the 16th. and 17th. centuries a residence of the family as well as Great Champson (or "Chamston"), the manor house of Molland-Champson manor. {{Citation needed span|1=The family is generally said to have died out in the male line on the death of Richard II Culme (1635–1658/9)|reason=not in cited ref, unless the obscure 'M.I.' by his entry indicates this|date=July 2013}} in 1658,<ref>Vivian, Visitation of Devon, Culme, pp.262-3</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=although the Rev. John Culme|reason=who says he may have continued the line?|date=July 2013}} (died 1691), vicar of the united parishes of Knowstone-cum-Molland, of which the Culme family held the ], died later in 1691, to whom a mural monument exists in ] church in the chancel to the south of the altar, and the text of whose funeral sermon has survived in records. The Heralds' Visitations of Devon give the descent as follows: | |||
| *Hugh I Culme, {{Citation needed span|1=MP for Barnstaple in 1478 and Escheator of Devon in 1505.|reason=not in Heralds' Vis., which says he's 'of Winkleigh'|date=July 2013}} He is recorded on the ] of King Henry VIII during the years 1509–1514 as "Hugh Culme of South Molton and Molland Champiaux".<ref>10 June. Hugh Culme, Columb, Cullum or Cullam, of Southmolton and Molland Champiaux, Devon, gent., (Pardon Roll 'Henry VIII: Pardon Roll, Part 3', Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 1: 1509–1514 (1920), pp. 234-256. </ref> He was the son of John II Culme of Winkleigh who was himself the son of John I Culme of Winkleigh, Sergeant-at-Law.<ref>Westcote, Thomas, A View of Devonshire in MDCXXX (1630) with a Pedigree of Most of its Gentry, pp.515-6, Culme</ref><ref>Lysons, Daniel and Samuel, Magna Britannia, Vol.6, 1822, pp.173-225, "Families removed since 1620"</ref> | |||
| *{{Citation needed span|1=John III Culme (died 1526) (son),|reason=cited ref states his father is John!|date=July 2013}} MP for Barnstaple in 1512,<ref>] biography,{{full|date=July 2013}} which names his father as John Culme, whilst the Visitations of Devon gives his father as Hugh</ref> married Alice Walter, the daughter and heiress of John Walter {{Citation needed span|1=of Combe Walter|reason=not in Heralds' Vis.|date=July 2013}} in the parish of ], near ].<ref>See also Walter family monument in Ashbury Church near Black Torrington. Henry Walter d.s.p. 1686, his only sister married Stucley & after Wollcombe</ref> <!-- **This doesn't appear to be relevant** by his wife Alice Collacot, daughter and heiress of John Collacot of Collacot in the parish of ]. She remarried secondly to Thomas Westcott of Raddon. --> | |||
| ] the arms of his third wife Anne Culme, grand-daughter of Hugh II Culme (died 1545) of Molland-Champson (''Azure, a chevron ermine between 3 pelicans vulning their breasts or'')]] | |||
| *Hugh II Culme (died 1545) (son) was a minor at the death of his father and in 1526 was awarded in wardship to ] of ].<ref>History of Parliament biography of John Culme (d.1512/26){{full|date=July 2013}}</ref> As ] he presented an incumbent to Molland Church in 1532. He married Agnes Frye, daughter of William Frye of Yarty in the parish of ]. She survived him and remarried to John Willoughby (1509–1558) of Efford in the parish of Shobrooke, near ], {{Citation needed span|1=which family also became influential in the parish of Molland.|date=July 2013}} Hugh II's daughter Agnes Culme married Richard Willoughby, her step-father's son. Their son was John Willoughby (died 1658) whose daughter Anne married Amias Bampfield, the 4th son of ] (died 1626) of North Molton, {{Citation needed span|1=whose effigy exists in North Molton Church.|date=July 2013}} John Willoughby (died 1658) married secondly his daughter's young niece Elizabeth Bampfield, sister of ] (c. 1610 – 1650). One of his younger sons, Nicholas Culme, had a daughter Anne Culme who was the third wife of the highly influential Sir ] (1555–1628), ] and ].<!-- ** This doesn't appear to be relevant, it's about Dodderidge** for ] in 1589 and for ] in 1604. He was brought up in Barnstaple and later purchased the estate of Bremridge near ], which he made his seat. His second wife had been Dorothy Bampfield (died 1614), daughter of ] (died 1626) of North Molton. His monument with reclining effigy is situated in the ] of ] and displays on a ] his own arms impaled with Culme. Next to it is a separate monument with effigy of Dorothy Bampfield. --> | |||
| *Hugh III Culme (died 1618) (son). In 1547 he was patron of Molland ''cum'' Knowstone Church and appointed John Husband as rector. He presented next also in 1554, appointing Walter Mugg.<ref>Framed list of Patrons & rectors, Knowstone Church{{clarify|reason=is this the same as the 'Framed list of rectors' in reference below?|date=July 2013}}</ref> In 1564 he was granted ] by ], ]:<ref>Calendar of charters and rolls preserved in the ... | |||
| www.ebooksread.com/.../page-8-calendar-of-charters-and-rolls-prese...Cached Grant of arms to Hugh Culme of Molland, co. Devon, by William Hervy, Clarencieux. Dated at London, 12 Sept., 1564</ref> ''Azure, a chevron ermine between 3 ] or'', with a ] crest: ''On a wreath a lion leaning to a column argent'' (given alternatively as: ''A lion sejant proper supporting a corinthian column''). He married in 1568 Mary Fortescue (died 1623), a daughter of ] (c. 1517 – 1570) of ], head of one of the leading gentry families of Devon. In 1597 he ] Philip Courtenay of Molland with certain lands unknown,<ref>Throckmorton Archives, Deed DR5/820</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=probably representing the family's sale of some of its Molland lands and the removal of its primary residence to Canonsleigh.|date=July 2013}} In 1610 he received ], for purposes unknown, from King James I.<ref>Throckmorton Archives, Estate Papers DR5/1862</ref> His younger son was Benjamin Culme (died 1657), BA (1602) ], ], Ireland, who died at ], Wiltshire in 1657 aged 76, having escaped from political disturbances in Ireland.<ref>Athenae Oxonienses{{full|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>Mason, William Monck, History and Antiquities of the Collegiate and Cathedral Church of St Patrick{{full|date=July 2013}}</ref> His daughter Elizabeth Culme married John Morton (c. 1628 – 1699), MP.<ref>] biography{{full|date=July 2013}}</ref> | |||
| *Richard I Culme (1569–1649) (eldest son), admitted to the ] in 1591. ] in 1642.<ref>Visit of Devon{{full|date=July 2013}}</ref><ref>DEVON--NORTH TAWTON, SOUTH MOLTON, AND WITHERIDGE HUNDREDS. | |||
| Letter from John Chichester to Richard Culme, High Sheriff of Devon, enclosing the returns for these hundreds. Returns by the justices of the peace for the above hundreds.(Protestation Returns Devon E HL/PO/JO/10/1/87 1642. These documents are held at Parliamentary Archives)</ref><ref>Wolffe, Mary: Gentry leaders in peace and war: the gentry governors of Devon, 1997{{full|date=July 2013}}</ref> He married in 1596 Lydia Courtenay, daughter of Philip Courtenay of Molland. As ] of the living he made a presentation to the rectory of Molland and Knowstone in 1626. In 1634 "Richard Culme of Cannonleigh" leased to Andrew Wood of Uplowman, Devon, yeoman, a messuage and land in "Wood" in Molland (-Champson), {{Citation needed span|1=which farm exists today.|reason=A deed of 1634 can't confirm this|date=July 2013}}<ref>Throckmorton Archives, Warwick, Deed DR5/647 20 September 1634</ref> | |||
| *Hugh IV Culme (1601–1643/4) (son), admitted for his legal education to the ] in London in 1621. He married firstly Amy Ayshford (d.1630/1) daughter of {{Citation needed span|1=his neighbour|reason=Ayshford doesn't seem to be close to Molland|date=July 2013}} Henry Ayshford of ] in the parish of Burlescombe, and secondly "Susanna" (died 1639). | |||
| *Richard II Culme (1635–1658/9) (son), died without progeny, the last of the senior line of Culme. His heir was his sister Jane Culme (1637–1674), who married at Burlescombe in 1666 the profligate ] (died 1711), MP. His second sister Amy Culme (1638/9-1658) died in 1658. Hungerford was thus patron of Molland ''cum'' Knowstone church in 1672 when he appointed a certain John Culme (died 1691) as rector.<ref>Framed list of rectors in Knowstone Church{{clarify|reason=is this the same as the 'Framed list of Patrons & rectors' in reference above?|date=July 2013}}</ref> {{Citation needed span|1=John Culme was probably a cousin,|date=July 2013}} and is not listed in the pedigree in the ].<ref>Vivian, 1895, pp.262-3</ref> His mural monument exists in Knowstone Church, on the south wall of the chancel. | |||
| ====Courtenay==== | |||
| {{primary sources|section|date=July 2013}} | |||
| In 1703 Sir Edward Hungerford sold the Culme estates inherited from his wife to John IV Courtenay (died 1724) of Molland. It was thus an extraordinary coincidence{{Editorializing|date=July 2013}} that the Courtenay family acquired both the Domesday Book manors of Molland from members of the Hungerford family. It is generally said of Hungerford that his own extravagance was his downfall, but it was claimed by others that his huge debts were inherited from his own father Anthony Hungerford and from his father-in-law Sir John Hele of Wembury, who had incurred them during the ] supporting the Royalist cause.<ref>Risdon, Survey of Devon, 1810 Additions, p.397</ref> Indeed an Act of Parliament mentioning these reasons was obtained by Hungerford in 1675/6 specifically allowing him to sell the manors inherited from Hele. The acquisition of Molland Champson was initially as a year's lease {{Citation needed span|1=then as a sale,|reason=this deed doesn't appear to mention a sale at all|date=July 2013}} as the following catalogued deed dated 8 March 1702/3 relates:<ref>Throckmorton Archives, Deed DR5/467 8 March 1702/3, Parchment - 2 m. 30 × 27, 28 × 11 in.</ref><blockquote>Lease for a year from John Pollexfen of Wembury, Devon, esq., Sir Edward Hungerford, knt. and others to John Courtenay of West Molland esq. of 2 messuages called Great and Little Champson in Molland, messuages called South Lishwell, East Gatcombe, Whiteleigh, North Lishwell, and Middle Champson, 3 messuages called Wood, Catts and Pipers and 2 water mills called Wade Mills, all in Molland; cottages called Vicars Cott, and messuages called Harpson and West Hole in Knowstone; a messuage called Swincombe and chief rent from a messuage called Ditchett in Rose Ash; 3 messuages in South Molton; perpetual advowson of Molland and Knowstone, and the manor of Molland Champson alias Champeaux. The great tithes of Molland and Knowstone and certain messuages (listed) excepted.</blockquote> | |||
| The manor of Wembury had been inherited from Hungerford's previous wife Jane Hele, sole daughter and heiress of Sir John Hele, and had been sold by Hungerford in 1686 to John Pollexfen, merchant.<ref>Risdon, Survey of Devon, 1810 Additions, p.397</ref> A draft conveyance for the same properties dated 9 March 1702/3 also exists in the Throckmorton archives.<ref>Deed DR5/468 </ref> Following his purchase John Courtenay "of West Molland" immediately let out Great Champson on a 99 year lease, in September 1703, to James Quartley of Exton, Somerset,<ref>Throckmorton Archives, Deed DR5/470 29 September 1703, Parchment 29¼ x 22 in. Counterpart of lease for 99 years from John Courtenay of West Molland esq. to James Quartley of Exton, Somerset, yeoman of the barton and farm of Great Champson alias Champeaux (described) in Molland.</ref> who developed there his famous breed of red ]. After the death of John Courtenay the Quartleys eventually obtained a lease of West Molland itself, where they expanded their cattle business. John Courtenay at the same time let out on a 99 year lease "the messuage and lands" of Little Champson to John Newton of Molland, tanner,<ref>Deed DR5/473, 22 March 1703/4, Parchment 30 × 19¼ in.</ref> | |||
| and the messuage and lands of Middle Champson he let out for 99 years to Richard Moore of Molland, yeoman.<ref>Deed DR5/478 4 May 1703, Parchment 28¼ x 13 ¼ in.</ref> | |||
| ==Archives== | |||
| *Throckmorton Archives. Archive historical documents relating to Molland covering dates c. 1230 – 1880 are held by Warwickshire Archives ("Shakespeare Centre Library and Archive"), under ref DR5.<ref></ref> The collection was deposited in instalments by Sir Robert Throckmorton between 1936 and 1960 having been accepted by the Commissioners of Inland Revenue in lieu of inheritance tax in 1997. | |||
| *Archives of Crosse and Wyatt, solicitors, South Molton, held at | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| ==Sources== | |||
| *Vivian, J.L., Lt.-Col., The Visitations of the County of Devon comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895 | |||
| *Rogers, W.H. Hamilton, The Antient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon, Exeter, 1877, pp. 384–386, Courtenay, Molland-Bottreaux. Contains transcripts of several of the inscriptions on the Courtenay monuments in Molland Church. | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| {{Devon-stub}} | |||
| ] | ] | ||
Revision as of 21:46, 13 July 2013
The Manor of Molland was a medieval manor in North Devon, England. It was largely co-terminous with the existing parish of Molland, in which is situated the village of Molland. More accurately it consisted from the earliest times of two separate manors, held from separate overlords, later known as Molland-Bottreaux and Molland-Champson.
The Exeter Domesday Book of 1086 records three entries for manors called "Molland", two in South Molton hundred and one in North Molton hundred. The latter does not relate to today's village and estate of Molland, but to a separate ancient small manor later called "Molland-Sarazen", about 7 miles to the NW, in today's parish of Morth Molton.
According to White's Devonshire Directory of 1850:
Sir Robert George Throckmorton, Bart., owns nearly all the parish, and is lord of the manor of Molland Bottreaux, anciently held by the Bottreaux family, and afterwards by the Hungerfords, whose heiress carried it in marriage to a younger branch of the Courtenays, who were seated here till 1732, when their heiress brought it to the Throckmortons. The Bottreaux family and succeeding owners had a mansion and park at West Molland. The manor house of Molland Champeaux, or Champion, was long the seat of the Columbs, and afterwards of the Courtenays.
References
- White, William (1850). Molland - extract from Devonshire Directory. GenUKI UK and Ireland Genealogy. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
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