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Malappuram district മലപ്പുറം ജില്ല
District
Thunjan Parambu in Tirur
Nickname: MLP
Country	India
State	Kerala
Headquarters	Malappuram
Government
• Collector	K.Biju
Area
• Total	3,000 km (1,000 sq mi)
Population
• Total	4,110,956
• Rank	1
• Density	1,158/km (3,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Malayalam, English
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code	IN-KL-MLP
Vehicle registration	KL-10, KL-53, KL-54, KL-55, KL-65, KL-71
Sex ratio	1096 ♂/♀
Literacy	93.55%
Website	mlp.kerala.gov.in

Malappuram district /mʌlʌppʊrʌm/ is a district in the state of Kerala, south India with headquarters at the city of Malappuram. The district was formed on 16 June 1969. Malappuram district came into existence on June 16, 1969. Malappuram district is composed of portion of the erstwhile Palakkad and Kozhikode districts. It was carved out of Ernad taluk and portions of Tirur taluk of Kozhikode district and portions of Perinthalmannna and Ponnani taluks of Palakkad district.

The classic medieval center of learning Vedic and local politics, Thirunavaya, home of the traditional Ayurveda medicine, Kottakkal and one of the oldest centre of education of Islam the region, Ponnani are situated in Malappuram district along with towns like Manjeri, Perinthalmanna, Kottakkal etc. In 1921, present day Malappuram district witnessed a series of devastating revolts and massacres known as the Moplah rebellions, followed by decades of frozen economical, social, and political development. In the early years of the Communist rule in Kerala, Malappuram saw large land reforms under the Land Reform Ordinance. In the 1970s, huge oil reserves of Persian gulf were opened to commercial extraction, and thousands of unskilled people migrated to "the Gulf" seeking fortunes. They sent money home, propping up a sleepy rural economy, and by the late 20th century the region had achieved first-world health standards and near universal literacy. The present development, both economical and social, of the Malappuram District owes to the Kerala Gulf diaspora.

Malappuram district comprises a vast wildlife collection and a number of small hills, forests, little rivers and streams flowing to the west, backwaters and paddy, arecanut, cashew nut, pepper, ginger, pulses, coconut, banana, tapioca, and rubber plantations. Malappuram is one of two Muslim majority districts or Union Territories in south India other being Lakshadweep. The Hindu temples and Moplah mosques of the region are known for their colorful festivals. It is the most populous district in Kerala. The populations include Muslims, Hindus, Christians, various tribal religion believers, Buddhists, Sikhs, Jains and others.

History

The word Malappuram means "terraced place atop the hills", derived from the general geographical characteristics of the district headquarters. Before the formation of the district, the region was called as Eranad, Valluvanad etc.

The district has a rich cultural and political heritage. The port of Ponnani (sometimes roughly identified with Tyndis) was a centre of trade with the Romans. After the Chera Dynasty, numerous powerful dynasties controlled the area, and by the 9th century the region was ruled by the Kulasekharas of Mahodayapuram. After the disintegration of the Kulasekhara kingdom a number of Nair city states emerged, including Valluvanad, Vettattunadu (Tanur), Parappanad, Nediyiruppu (the Zamorins) among others. However, from the 13th century the Samoothiri of Calicut expanded their territories to the whole of Malabar. Thirunavaya, the seat of Mamankam, was in Malappuram district. European colonial powers first landed in Malabar in the 15th century. The petty vassals of the Samoothiris often allied with the foreign powers against their rule. In the 18th century, the de facto rulers of Mysore kingdom, Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan, marched to Samoothiris’ districts.

Malappuram has been part of movements such as Khilafat Movement and Moplah Rebellion in the early 20th century.

Before Indian independence in 1947, Malappuram was a part of Malabar District in the Madras Presidency of British India. The area covered by the present district was administered as a part of Kozhikode, Eranad taluk, Valluvanad Taluk and Ponnani taluk. Malabar District remained part of Madras state for some time after Indian independence. On 1 November 1956, Malabar District was merged with Travancore-Cochin to form the state of Kerala. Large-scale changes in the territorial jurisdiction of this tract took place in 1957 and 1969. On 1 January 1957, Tirur taluk was newly formed, taking portions of Eranad taluk and Ponnani taluk. Another portion of Ponnani taluk was transferred to the newly formed Chavakkad taluk. The residuary portion constitutes present-day Ponnani taluk. Perinthalmanna Taluk was a new taluk formed out of the erstwhile Perinthalmanna Taluk. Of these, Eranad Taluk and Tirur continued under Kozhikode District and Perinthalmanna Taluk as well as Ponnani taluk under the Palakkad District. The new district of Malappuram was formed with four taluks, Eranad taluk, Perinthalmanna Taluk, Tirur Taluk and Ponnani Taluk, four statutory towns, fourteen developmental blocks and 95 panchayats. Two more taluks, namely Tirurangadi taluk and Nilambur taluk, were formed later by bifurcating Tirur Taluk and Eranad taluk.

Geography

The district lies in northern Kerala and is bounded on the north by Wayanad and Kozhikkode districts, on the northeast by Tamil Nadu, on the southeast and south by Palakkad District, on the southwest by Thrissur District, on the west by the Arabian Sea, and on the northwest by Kozhikode District.

At present Malappuram District consists of 2 revenue divisions, 6 taluks, 135 villages, 15 blocks, 7 municipalities and 100 panchayats.

Rivers

• Bharathapuzha (Nila)
• Chaliyar: On north of this district. Chaliyar has a length of 169 km and originates from Illambalieri hills in Tamil nadu, important tributaries of this river are Chalipuzha, Punnapuzha, Pandiyar, Karimpuzha, Cherupuzha and Vadapurampuzha. Chaliyar traverses through Nilambur, Mampad, Edavanna, Areekode, Vazhakkad and flows into the sea at Beypore in Kozhikode district. Of these rivers, only Chaliyar is perennial. The other rivers dry up in summer. This is one of the reasons that Malappuram district is prone to drought. Chaliyar Agitation under the leadership of K A Rahman is a success story of a people’s environmental movement in the state of Kerala. For the fight against river pollution in this land of rivers which continues in other parts of the state.
• River Kadalundi: Formed by the confluence of two rivers, the Olipuzha and Veliyar. Olipuzha originates form Cherakomban hill and Veliyar from Erattakomban hill. They flow through the Silent Valley and traverse through Eranad and Valluvanad regions, before flowing into the sea at Kadalundi. It passes through places like Melattur, Pandikkad, Malappuram, Panakkad, Parappur, Kooriyad,and (parappanangadi)]. It has a circuit course of 130 km.
• Tirur River

Surroundings

In Tirur and Ponnani taluks, villages such as Biyyam, Veliyancode, Manur and Kodinhi offer fishing and boating facilities.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Malappuram district has a population of 4,110,956, roughly equal to the nation of New Zealand or the US state of Oregon. This gives it a ranking of 50th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 1,158 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,000/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.39%. Malappuram has a sex ratio of 1096 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 93.55%. Mallapuram has the highest fertility rates in Kerala.

Muslims (70.53%) constitute the majority of the population, followed by the Hindu (27.17%) and Christian (2.22%) communities.

Languages

Malayalam is the main language of the district. Other languages used in the district include Allar, a Dravidian language with 350 speakers; and Aranadan, also Dravidian, kept alive by the low education level of its 200 speakers.

Legislative constituencies

Malappuram district has the most number of Legislative constituencies in the stat

Parliament Constituencies

Taluks

Seven taluks. District is divided by two revenue divisions namely Tirur and Perintalmanna .

• Ernad
• Tirur
• Tirurangadi
• Ponnani
• Perintalmanna
• Nilmabur
• Kondotty

Grama Panchayats and Block Panchayaths

There are 15 Block Panchayaths and 100 Grama panchayats in Malappuram District.

Municipalities

There is a demand to upgrade Malappuram Municipality to a Municipal Corporation combining the adjacent Panchayats and towns.

The Municipalities in Malappuram District are:

• Malappuram
• Perintalmanna
• Manjeri
• Ponnani
• Tirur
• Kottakkal
• Nilambur

Proposed Municipalities:

• Valanchery
• Kondotty
• Edappal
• Tanur
• Thirurangadi
• Parappanangadi
• kuttippuram

Art and Culture

Malappuram district has a good tradition in the field of art and culture. Many renowned writers and poets hail from this part of the land. Thunchath Ezhuthachan, honored as the father of modern Malayalam literature was born in Trikkandiyur near Tirur, almost 400 years ago. Mampuram is a historical place involved in anti-British rebellions in Malabar, especially the Moplah Rebellion of 1921. The grave of Mampuram Thangal is located here. It is also the birthplace of Omar Qazi, a Muslim scholar and a leader of anti-British movements. The family of Panakkad Thangals, the presidents of the Kerala state committee of the Indian Union Muslim League is located at Panakkad. Kathakali Musician Kalamandalam Tirur Nambissan was born at Ezhoor. Poets like Mahakavi Vallathol Narayana Menon, V.C. Balakrishna Paniker and Moyinkutty Vaidyar were born in Malappuram. Malappuram is also the birthplace of Poonthanam, remembered for his masterpiece, Jnanappana.

Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics

Eminent mathematicians of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics, like Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri, Achyuta Pisharati and Kelallur Nilakantha Somayaji were born in Thrikandiyur in Tirur. MelpathurBhatathiri is famous also for his masterpiece Narayaneeyam.

Fairs And Festivals

With a number of temples, mosques & churches Malappuram abounds in fairs and festivals. Some important ones are given below.

Thirumandhamkunnu Pooram

Thirumandham kunnu pooram is an important temple festival of central Malabar. Thirumandham kunnu temple is said to be one among the three important Bhagavati temples of Kerala, the others being Kodungallur and Panayarakavu. The pooram festival is during March–April. The cultural feast is the most attractive feature of this festival. The seven-day daily pooja attracts thousands of devotees. The famous Mangalya Pooja attracts young women in thousands, who come to pray for a good wedlock. Thirumandham kunnu is 2 km west of Perinthalmanna, in the Kozhikode-Palakkad state highway.

Kottakkal pooram

Kottakkal, the seat of Ayurvedic treatment is also famous for its temple festival. Kottakkal pooram, celebrated during March–April, is attractive for its cultural festivity. During the seven days, famous classical artists of the country perform here.

Nilambur Pattu

Nilambur Pattu is an ancient festival. Nilambur Kovilakam conducts it during January. Thousands gather to witness this weeklong celebration. The festival is related to ancient war and hunting. Tribal chieftains have important roles in the rituals.

Kondotty Nercha

Kondotty Nercha is a weeklong festival in March. The Nercha is conducted in Pazhayangadi Mosque of Kondotty, constructed in the 18th century AD. The tomb of Mohammed shah the Sufi exponent, is close to the mosque. It was constructed in Mughal style. The nercha has an inter-religious expression in its ‘Petty Varavu’. Thousands gather during the nercha, which assumes carnival proportion with hectic trade and amusements.

Puthenpalli Nercha

The Andu Nercha of Puthenpalli at Perumpadappu in the southwest border of the district is also famous. Lakhs of devotees attend this annual festival of the mosque. As a part of the festival, Ney Choru (Ghee Rice) is distributed to devotees and the poor.

Omanur Nercha

Omanur Nercha is a famous mosque festival in Malappuram district, celebrated in memory of martyrs. Omaanur is 7 km from Kondotty and 4 km from Edavannappara.

Malaparamba Perunnal

The Church festival at Malaparamba near Angadipuram is famous. Church festivals in pariyapuram, Chungathara and Edakkara in summer also attracts plenty of devotees.

Vairamkode Vela or Theeyaattu

Vairamkode, Vairamkode Vela (Temple Festival) is one of the famous temple festival in Malappuram district, Every year Month of February celebrating the festival. The festival lasting for 6 days (from Sunday to Friday), Procession is one of the main attractions of festival. A number of procession coming to Vairamkode with folk forms like Pootha, Thira, Kattalan, Pulikkali etc. from near villages and places most of procession carry Eratta Kala (the huge decorated effigies of bullocks).Fireworks are performed after midnight. Kanalattam (Devotees walking around and on live coal) performing early morning. Another main attraction of festival is village trade fair. The villagers bring their home made stuff such as Muram, Pullupaaya, Kaithola papaya, ulakka, Chooral, Manpathrangal etc. and the homemade sweets, snacks (pori, nurukku) to sell. The festival day fish market is famous, the fishermen bring the fishes from rivers and ponds which is rare to get normally.

Industries

Malappuram district is an industrially backward area.

There is one major industrial Estate (16 Industries and 8 mini industrial estate in the District – 51 working units) in the district. About 1,000 persons were assisted under PMRY scheme every year of self-employment scheme. Preliminary steps for establishing an industrial growth centre in 250 acres (1.0 km) near panakkad, has been completed. There is a Kinfra Food Park and IT park have at Kakkancherry. There is also a rubber based common facility centre and industrial estate at Payyanad.

Wood related business are widely seen in Malappuram district. For e.g. at Kottakkal, Edavanna, Vaniyambalam, Karulai, Nilambur and Mampad; there are more than hundred wood related industries. Saw mills, furniture manufactures and timber sales are the most important business in Malappuram district.

The Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) has a branch office at Malappuram.

Healthcare

The district has recently emerged as a major healthcare destination in south Malabar. The town of Perintalmanna has four privately owned specialty hospitals. They are Moulana Hospital, MES Medical College, Al-Shifa Hospital and EMS Co-operative Hospital. The state-owned General Hospital (formerly, District Hospital) at Manjeri is another major healthcare facility. Kottakkal has three main hospitals-the world famous Arya Vaidya Sala, Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS) and Al-Mas.

Transport

Air

The Karipur International Airport is at Karippur in Malappuram district, 25 km from Malappuram city centre.

Rail

Two railways lines, namely Mangalore-Madras and Nilambur – Shoranur Railway Line pass through the district. The former passes through the coastal areas and the latter through the eastern parts of the district.Vallikkunnu, Parappanangadi, Tanur, Tirur, Tirunavaya and Kuttippuram (from north to South) are railway stations on the Mangalore-Madras line. Nilambur, Vaniyambalam, Thuvur, Melattur, Pattikkad, Angadipuram and Cherukara are railway stations on the Nilambur – Shoranur Railway Line.

Road

Bus Services are available to all centres and rural areas in the district. 93 schedules are operated by K.S.R.T.C on the main routes besides the 300 long route buses passing through the district. There are three K.S.R.T.C bus Stations (Malappuram Depot, Ponnani, Perinthalmanna and Nilambur).

The District has a good road network. National Highway 17 (India) (Renumbered as NH 66) enters the district at Idimuzhikkal in the north and runs through Calicut University, Kottakkal, Valanchery, Kuttipuram, Thavanur, Ponnani, Puduponnani, Veliyancode and ends at Kadikkad, having a length of 82 km. The road proceeds to Thrissur district in the South. National Highway 213 (India) (Renumbered as NH 966) enters at Iykarappadi near Ramanattukara and pass through Kondotty, Malappuram, Perinthalmanna and ends at Karinkallathani. The highway has a length of 68 km.

Important State Highways like Tirur-Malappuram-Manjeri, Malappuram-Parappanangadi, Kozhikode-Nilambur-Gudalur road pass through the district. The district has a total of 208.178 km of State Highway and 1220.202 km of major district roads, 102 km of other district roads and 160 km of rural road.

The Chaliyar, Kadalundipuzha, Bharathapuzha, Thutha rivers and their tributaries flow through the district necessitating the construction of a number of road bridges. Some of the bridges across these rivers are Kuttippuram bridge, Thutha bridge and Pulamanthole bridge across Bharathapuzha bridges at Kottakadavu, Parakkadav, Thayyilakadav, Panampuzha, Koomankallu, Nooradi, Kottilangadi, Aanakkayam, Melattur, Kalikavu, Olipram Kadavu, Koomankallu, Kuzhipram Kadavu and Panakkadu bridges across Kadalundi River and bridges at Areekode, Edavanna, Mampad, Vadapuram, Myladi, Karimpuzha, Koorad, Kattadikadavu, Cherupuzha, Kadungallur and Poonkudi across the Chaliyar river and its tributaries and bridges at Edakulam, Thalakadathur, Tirur, Unniyal, Mangattiri, Ettirikkadavu across Tirur river, Tanur bridge across T.N Canal.

Necessitated developments

• Formation of 'Malappuram Development Authority' for the sustainable and futuristic development of city and adjoining panchayats, similar to City Development Authority of other cities in the state.
• Kozhikkod- Malappuram -Angadipuram-Ottappalam Railway line. It is the much awaited railway line of the district which connects Malappuram with Karippur Airport situated in the district and Kozhikode.
• Introducing city bus services with 'Malappuram' as the Starting and halting point in the district.
• Speeding up the new KSRTC Bus terminal and shopping complex construction at Uphill.
• Quickening the Edu-Health city construction at panakkad having Institute of technology, Arts and science college, Multi specialty Hospital etc.
• Speeding up the Municipal stadium renewal activities and bringing national level stadium facilities to it.
• Modernisation and Relocation of Down Hill Market and Bus stand to Down hill bypass area.
• Completion of Kottappadi Bypass.
• New Road from Malappuram to Valanchery as proposed in 'Malappuram District Urbanization Report' by Town planning department.
• Formation of New NH (1)Malappuram-Manjeri-Gudalur (2)Malappuram-Kolathur-Pulamanthol-Thrissur

Vehicle Registration

On the commencement of the Motor Vehicles Act 1988, wef 01/07/1989, the registration mark of vehicles is formed in a new format. The Government of India has allotted ‘KL’ as the state-code to Kerala State; which forms the first part of registration mark for the vehicles registered in this state. The second part was a numerical District-Code starting from 01 for Trivandrum, ending at 14 for Kasargod and 15 for Sate Transport Undertaking (KSRTC).When three Sub Regional Transport Offices are upgraded as Rural Regional Transport Offices, district code is extended to them as 16 for Attingal, 17 for Muvattupuzha and 18 for Vadagara. Later, considering the exponential increase in the registration of the vehicles and difficulty in allotting groups of numbers from Regional Offices to Sub Regional offices, Government has decided to allot registration codes for every office. Code numbers 19 to 65 are allotted to each Sub Regional Transport Office. The last part is numerical part starting from 1 to 9999. When the number comes to 9999 a third part is introduced in between the second and last numerical parts. This third part represents the ‘series’ starting from A to Z avoiding ‘I’ and ‘O’. When the series comes to ‘Z’ new series starts from AA to AZ and then BA to ZZ avoiding ‘I’ and ‘O’.

Following are the Vehicle Registrations in Malappuram Districts.

• KL-10 : Malappuram RTO (Ernad & Kondotty Taluk),
• KL-53 : Perintalmanna SRTO (Perintalmanna Taluk),
• KL-54 : Ponnani SRTO (Ponnani Taluk),
• KL-55 : Tirur SRTO (Tirur Taluk)
• KL-65 : Tirurangadi SRTO (Tirurangadi Taluk) and
• KL-71 : Nilambur SRTO (Nilambur Taluk).

Old Structure:- Till the implementation of the Motor Vehicles Act 1988, we used a combination of three English alphabets followed by numerals, from 1 to 9999, to make a unique registration mark. First letter ‘K’ represents the state of Kerala, the second letter shows the series and is fixed by the Government of Kerala when the previous one was exhausted.

Following are the Old Registration Numbers in Malappuram District:-

KLM, KLL and KRM.

Education

The University of Calicut is located at Thenjipalam. AMU (Aligarh Muslim University) Malappuram Centre is situated at Chelamala. EFLU (English and Foreign Languages University) EFLU Malappuram Campus is going to be established at Edu-Health City. The recently inaugurated Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan Malayalam University is located at Thunchan Parambu and is only 26 km far from the city centre. Steps to establish an Ayurveda University at nearby Kottakkal is underway.. There are four Education Districts, namely Tirur, Malappuram, Wandoor, Tirurangadi and 17 Sub Education districts in this District.

Medical colleges

• Government Medical College, Malappuram at Manjeri
• M.E.S Medical College, Perinthalmanna

Ayurvedic medical colleges

• VPSV Ayurveda College, Kottakkal

Engineering colleges

• Calicut University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Thenhipalam
• Eranad Knowledge City Technical Campus (EKC),Cherukulam,Manjeri
• Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Tavanur
• MES Engineering College, Kuttippuram
• M.E.A. Engineering College, Perinthalmanna
• Veda Vyasa Institute of Technlogy, Karadparamba
• Cochin College of Engineering and Technology, Valancheri

Polytechnic colleges

• SSM Polytechnic College, Tirur
• Govt Polytechnic College, Perinthalmanna
• Govt Polytechnic College, Tirurangadi.
• Govt Women's Polytechnic College, Kottakal
• Maidin Polytechnic College, Malappuram

Govt. Arts Colleges

• Government College, Malappuram
• Pookkoya Thangal Memorial Govt. College, Perintalmanna
• Thunchan Memorial Govt. College, Tirur

Pharmacy colleges

• Devaki Amma Memorial College of Pharmacy, Chelembra.
• Jamia Salafiya Pharmacy College,Pulikkal.
• Moulana College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna.
• Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna.

Private Arts& science colleges

• MES College,valanchery
• MAJLIS Arts and Scince, puramanur, valanchery
• PSMO College, Tirurangadi
• HM college, Manjeri
• GEMS college, Ramapuram
• Alligarh university
• M.I.C.ARTS and science college
• MES Colllege,Mambad

Post and telecommunications

There are two postal divisions, Manjeri and Tirur. Four Head Post Offices, 120 Sub Post Offices and 284 extra department branch Post Offices function in the district. Speed post facility is available at Malappuram, Manjeri, Perinthalmanna, Calicut University, Karipur, Ponnani, Kottakkal, Kuttippuram, and Edappal.

For Telecom Services, Malappuram revenue district come under Malappuram Secondary Switching Area. There are seven divisional offices at Manjeri, Nilambur, Perinthalmanna, Tirur, Ponnani and Parappanangadi.

Media

Malayala Manorama, Mathrubhumi, Madhyamam, Chandrika, Deshabhimani dailies have their printing centres in the district. Prahelika and flash are the only evening dailies. A few periodicals-monthlies, fortnightlies and weeklies-mostly devoted to religion and culture are also published. Almost all Malayalam channels have their bureau at district headquarters. There are some local cable TV channels including Malappuram Cable Vision (MCV), Asianet Cablevision (ACV) and Den Malabar Vision. Malappuram Press Club is situated at UP Hill. Doordarshan has two relay stations (at Malappuram and Manjeri). All India Radio has an FM station at Manjeri.

Demand for bifurcation of Malappuram District

The proposal is to divide Malappuram into two districts, the new one with Tirur as its headquarters. As per the 2011 census, Malappuram district has a population of 4,110,956, which accounts for 12.31 per cent of the state’s total population.Funds for development are distributed on the basis districts and population strength is not taken into consideration. There are also two more proposals for new districts on air. One at Muvattupuzha, bifurcating Ernakulam and Idukki and other district at Mavelikkara, bifurcating Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta and Kollam.

See also

• Malappuram
• Malappuram Urban Center
• Paravakkal
• Kerala
• Valluvanad

References

1. ^ pp. 396, Malayala Manorama Yearbook 2006, Kottayam, 2006 ISSN 0970-9096
2. "Summer Journey 2011". Time. 21 July 2011.
3. ^ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
4. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 29 June 2013. New Zealand 4,143,101 July 2011 est. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 12 (help)
5. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Oregon 3,831,074 {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 7 (help)
6. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Allar: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th edition ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |edition= has extra text (help)
7. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Aranadan: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th edition ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |edition= has extra text (help)

External links

• Official website of Malappuram district
• Places in Malappuram

v t e Places adjacent to Malappuram district
Kozhikode district Wayanad district Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu Arabian Sea(Lakshadweep Sea) Malappuram district Thrissur district Palakkad district

• Misplaced Pages articles needing copy edit from January 2014
• Use dmy dates from August 2010
• Districts of Kerala
• Malappuram district
• 1969 establishments in India