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{{Unbalanced|cleanup=September 2013|date=September 2013}}
{{Infobox former Arab villages in Palestine {{Infobox former Arab villages in Palestine
|name=Balad al-Sheikh |name=Balad al-Sheikh
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|palgrid=154/241 |palgrid=154/241
|pushpin_map=Mandatory Palestine |pushpin_map=Mandatory Palestine
|population=4,120<ref name=Hadawi47>Hadawi, 1970, </ref> |population=4,120<ref name=Hadawi47>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref>
|popyear=1945 |popyear=1945
|area=9,849<ref name=Hadawi47/> |area=9,849<ref name=Hadawi47/>
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|cause2=C |cause2=C
|curlocl=] |curlocl=]
|date=April 25, 1948<ref>Morris, 2004, p. xvii, village #144. Also gives causes of depopulation</ref> |date=April 25, 1948<ref>Morris, 2004, p. , village #144. Also gives causes of depopulation</ref>
}} }}


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==History== ==History==
===Ottoman era===
] ]
The town is named after Sheikh Abdullah as-Sahli, a renowned ], who was granted the taxes collected from the village by Sultan ].<ref name=khalidi152/> The village contains a ''maqam'' ("shrine") dedicated to him. His grave is located in the Balad al-Sheikh cemetery on ]. The town is named after Sheikh Abdullah as-Sahli, a renowned ], who was granted the taxes collected from the village by Sultan ].<ref name=khalidi152/> The village contains a ''maqam'' ("shrine") dedicated to him. His grave is located in the Balad al-Sheikh cemetery on ].


In 1816, British traveller ] passed by "Belled-el-Sheikh".<ref>Buckingham, 1821, . Ref. from Petersen, 2002, p. 109.</ref> In 1875, the village was estimated at having a population of 500, and with olive, ] trees and springs near it.<ref>Conder and Kitchener: SWP I, 1881, . Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.</ref> In 1816, British traveller ] passed by "Belled-el-Sheikh".<ref>Buckingham, 1821, . Ref. from Petersen, 2002, p. 109.</ref> In 1875, the village was estimated at having a population of 500, and with olive, ] trees and springs near it.<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. . Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.</ref>


===British Mandate era===
At the time of the ], the town had 144 occupied houses and a population of 747 Muslims, including Bedouin tribes that lived nearby.<ref name="Census1931">{{cite book | editor = E. Mills | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 | page = 88}}</ref>
In the ], conducted by the ] authorities, Balad al Shaikh had a population of 406; 405 ]s and 1 Christian,<ref>Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Haifa, p. </ref> where the one Christian was a ].<ref>Barron, 1923, Table XVI, p. </ref> This had increasing in the ] to 747 Muslims, including Bedouin tribes that lived nearby, in a total of 247 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. .</ref>

According to the British Population Survey - ], the town had a total land area of 9,849 ]s, although only 5,844 dunams were privately owned by ]s; most of the remainder was public property. In 1945, the town had a population of 4,120 Arab inhabitants making it one of the larger localities in the area.<ref name=Hadawi47/>


The ] line passed about {{convert|0.5|km|mi|sp=us}} east of the village.<ref name=khalidi152>Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.</ref> The ], also known as Shumariyyah (Şumariye in Turkish) and after 1948 as Tel Hanan, was built in 1904 as the second station in the original line. In 1913, the Ottomans built an extension of the valley line to ], with this station serving as terminus. When the ] attacked Balad al-Sheikh on the night of December 31, 1947 – January 1, 1948, Hanan Zelinger of the Haganah was killed in the operation. A Jewish village, ] (now part of the town of ]), was built there in his name. The ] line passed about {{convert|0.5|km|mi|sp=us}} east of the village.<ref name=khalidi152>Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.</ref> The ], also known as Shumariyyah (Şumariye in Turkish) and after 1948 as Tel Hanan, was built in 1904 as the second station in the original line. In 1913, the Ottomans built an extension of the valley line to ], with this station serving as terminus. When the ] attacked Balad al-Sheikh on the night of December 31, 1947 – January 1, 1948, Hanan Zelinger of the Haganah was killed in the operation. A Jewish village, ] (now part of the town of ]), was built there in his name.


The village was the source of attacks on Jews in 1929 when its residents attacked the local cement factory and burned down a women's farm.<ref>Tzadok Eshel, The Cement and his Manufacturers, The Portland Cement Company "Nesher", 1976 p. 68</ref><ref>Aharon Kaminker, Neighborhood in the shadow of Chimney smoke, 1978, pp 93-97</ref> In 1934, a new cemetery for ] residents of Haifa, was established near the village and in 1935 ] was buried there, making the area a source of tension between Jews and Arabs.<ref name=khalidi152/> The grave was vandalized in 1999.{{Citation needed|date=September 2013}}
===Arab-Jewish confrontations===
The village was the source of attacks on Jews as early as 1929 when its residents attacked the local cement factory and burned down a women's farm.<ref>Tzadok Eshel, The Cement and his Manufacturers, The Portland Cement Company "Nesher", 1976 p. 68</ref><ref>Aharon Kaminker, Neighborhood in the shadow of Chimney smoke, 1978, p 93-97</ref> In 1934, a new cemetery for ] residents of Haifa,<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}} was established near the village and in 1935 ] was buried there, making the area a source of tension between Jews and Arabs.<ref name=Kalidi152>Kahlidi, 1992, p. 152</ref> The grave was vandalized in 1999.{{Citation needed|date=September 2013}}

]

During the ], there were frequent attacks on Jewish passenger buses near Balad al-Sheikh. On May 1936, a police station was opened in Balad al-Sheikh in an attempt to crack down on the attacks on Jewish buses and property.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}} On May 21, 1936, a Jewish bus was shot at when it was passing the village<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}} In October 1936, an ] between Arab militants and the British military, supported by aircraft, took place near the village.<ref></ref> On February 22, 1937, two British policemen were attacked in the village, one was killed. It was stated that he was killed because he took part in the investigations of the murder of three Jews at ] in 1931.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}}

Additional attacks on Jewish buses occurred from July to October 1938.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}}
On July 13, 1938, two buses were shot; one of them was set on fire.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}} On April 18, 1939, a wide military and police search was conducted in Balad ash-Sheikh looking for the suspects of the killings in Haifa. A large number of Arabs were interrogated and ten were arrested.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}}

On May 26, 1939, Mordechai Shechtman, a train driver, was shot in the head by two Arabs who ambushed him at the ] stop near Balad ash-Sheikh. He died soon thereafter.<ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}} <ref></ref>{{dead|date=October 2014}}


According to the British Population Survey - ], the town had a total land area of 9,849 ]s, although only 5,844 dunams were privately owned by ]s; most of the remainder was public property. In 1945, the town had a population of 4,120 Arab inhabitants making it one of the larger localities in the area.<ref name=Hadawi47/> Of the land, Arabs used 386 dunams for plantations and irrigable land, 4,410 for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 221 dunams were built-up (urban) land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref>
===1948 Arab–Israeli War=== ===1948 Arab–Israeli War===
{{See also|Haifa Oil Refinery massacre|Balad al-Shaykh massacre}} {{See also|Haifa Oil Refinery massacre|Balad al-Shaykh massacre}}
] who was buried in Balad al-Sheikh in 1935]] ] who was buried in Balad al-Sheikh in 1935]]
On December 10, 1947 a patrol of ] that was escorting Jewish buses on the road, fired on a number of Arabs that blocked the road near the village. Several families left the village.<ref></ref>


Following the attacks, the Jewish transportation stopped for a while to travel through the village. The transportation from Haifa to ], ] and ] travelled through Check Post junction, ], ] and Yagur.<ref>], Ariel – Ariel – Entziklopediya Lidiyat HaAretz (10 volumes) (1976–82), p 927</ref>
After the ] resolution for the ] several attacks occurred in the village against Jews. On December 2, 1947, a bus which brought workers from the Nesher Cement Factory was shot at when it passed by the village.<ref></ref> On December 8, 1947, residents of Balad ash-Sheikh killed 2 Jews driving near the village.<ref></ref> On December 10, 1947 a patrol of ] that was escorting Jewish buses on the road, fired on a number of Arabs that blocked the road near the village. Several families left the village.<ref></ref>


On December 30, 1947, a grenade attack by ] killed 6 Arab civilians in front of the Haifa Oil Refinery, after which the Arab crowd went in and ]. During the night of the following day, Haganah troops entered the town disguised as Arabs and killed 14 residents, 10 of whom were women and children.<ref> Robin C. Miller cites Wilson, Cordon and Search, pp. 158 and ] in his book ''All That Remains'', pp.151-154.</ref> In an alternative description by controversial Israeli historian ], the attack was carried out by a combination of ] and ] forces who entered the town and fought mostly inside the houses. Because of this, most of the sixty residents that were killed were non-combatants (note that Yitzhaki speaks of 60, while Miller mentions 14; altogether figures vary between 14 and 70 - see ]). In this action, three members of the Haganah were also killed.<ref> Robin C. Miller cites Arieh Yitzhaqi in the April 14, 1972, issue of the Israeli newspaper Yediot Aharonot, translated in "From the Hebrew Press," Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 1, no. 4 (summer 1972), p. 144. Also quoted by ], Bitter Harvest, pp. 88.</ref> Following the attack, on January 7, 1948, part of the residents of the village left and were replaced by Arab volunteers who came from Haifa to defend the village.<ref>], Independence Versus Nakbah: The Arab–Israeli War of 1948, forthcoming, Zmora-Bitan, 2004, p. 139</ref>
Following the attacks, the Jewish transportation stopped for a while to travel through the village. The transportation from Haifa to ], ] and ] travelled through Check Post junction, ], ] and Yagur.<ref>Zev Vilnay, Ariel – Ariel – Entziklopediya Lidiyat HaAretz (10 volumes) (1976–82), p 927</ref>


In early April 1948, a unit of the ] that had garrisoned the village left the area. This led the villagers to abandon the houses in the southeastern part of the village, near the Legion camp and move to the village center.<ref>Morris, 2004, pp. 207-208</ref>
On December 30, 1947, a grenade attack by ] killed 6 Arab civilians in front of the Haifa Oil Refinery, after which the Arab crowd went in and ]. During the night of the following day, Haganah troops entered the town disguised as Arabs and killed 14 residents, 10 of whom were women and children.<ref> Robin C. Miller cites Wilson, Cordon and Search, pp. 158 and ] in his book ''All That Remains'', pp.151-154.</ref> In an alternative description by controversial Israeli historian ], the attack was carried out by a combination of ] and ] forces who entered the town and fought mostly inside the houses. Because of this, most of the sixty residents that were killed were non-combatants (note that Yitzhaki speaks of 60, while Miller mentions 14; altogether figures vary between 14 and 70 - see ]). In this action, three members of the Haganah were also killed.<ref> Robin C. Miller cites Arieh Yitzhaqi in the April 14, 1972, issue of the Israeli newspaper Yediot Aharonot, translated in "From the Hebrew Press," Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 1, no. 4 (summer 1972), p. 144. Also quoted by ], Bitter Harvest, pp. 88.</ref> Following the attack, on January 7, 1948, part of the residents of the village left and were replaced by Arab volunteers who came from Haifa to defend the village.<ref>], Independence Versus Nakbah: The Arab–Israeli War of 1948, forthcoming, Zmora-Bitan, 2004, p. 139</ref> On January 15, 1948, a young Jewish woman who was visiting ] went for a walk alone, and was found later stabbed to death near Balad al-Sheikh.<ref></ref>


In early April 1948, a unit of the ] that had garrisoned the village left the area. This led the villagers to abandon the houses in the southeastern part of the village, near the Legion camp and move to the village center.<ref>Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004) p.207-208</ref> On April 22, after the ], the vast majority of Haifa's non-Jewish citizens abandoned it. At the same time, many of Balad ash-Sheikh's residents left the village, including women and children.<ref>], 2004, p. 207</ref>


On April 24, 1948, the ] a unit of the ] surrounded the village, asking the residents to hand over all their weapons. They handed them 22 old and useless rifles and asked for ceasefire. The Haganah replied that they should hand over all their weapons. The residents did not reply, instead they asked the ] for help. On April 25, at 05:00 AM, the Haganah fired several ] from three-inch ]. Many adults male fled and left the women and children behind. A British army unit that came at 06:00 reported that there was almost no return fire from the village. The British advised the villagers to leave the village and they did it with British escort.<ref>Morris, 2004, p. 208</ref><ref>Benny Morris, 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, 2008</ref>
On April 22, after the ], the vast majority of Haifa's non-Jewish citizens abandoned it. At the same time, many of Balad ash-Sheikh's residents left the village, including women and children.<ref>], The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004) p. 207</ref>

On April 24, 1948, the ] a unit of the ] surrounded the village, asking the residents to hand over all their weapons. They handed them 22 old and useless rifles and asked for ceasefire. The Haganah replied that they should hand over all their weapons. The residents did not reply, instead they asked the ] for help. On April 25, at 05:00 AM, the Haganah fired several ] from three-inch ]. Many adults male fled and left the women and children behind. A British army unit that came at 06:00 reported that there was almost no return fire from the village. The British advised the villagers to leave the village and they did it with British escort.<ref>Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004) p. 208</ref><ref>Benny Morris, 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, 2008</ref>


Most of the fleeing or exiled residents of Balad ash-Sheikh are ] and presently reside in various Arab neighborhoods in Haifa or ]. Most of the fleeing or exiled residents of Balad ash-Sheikh are ] and presently reside in various Arab neighborhoods in Haifa or ].
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==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|2}} {{reflist|2}}
==Bibliography==

===Bibliography===
{{Commons category|Balad ash-Sheikh}} {{Commons category|Balad ash-Sheikh}}
{{Refbegin}} {{refbegin}}
*{{cite book | editor =Barron, J. B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/PalestineCensus1922.pdf |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
*] and ] (1881): ''.'' London:]. '''vol 1''' *{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=Claude Reignier|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=Herbert H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1881|url=http://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=]|volume=1}}
*{{Citation|title= Travels in Palestine Through the Countries of Bashan and Gilead, East of the River Jordan, Including a Visit to the Cities of Geraza and Gamala in the Decapolis|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ou-bF_a8a2cC|first1=James Silk|last1= Buckingham|authorlink=James Silk Buckingham|year=1821}}
*{{Citation|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first1=Sami|last1=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}} *{{cite book|title= Travels in Palestine Through the Countries of Bashan and Gilead, East of the River Jordan, Including a Visit to the Cities of Geraza and Gamala in the Decapolis|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ou-bF_a8a2cC|first1=James Silk|last1= Buckingham|authorlink=James Silk Buckingham|year=1821}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first1=Sami|last1=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
*] (1992), ''All That Remains'', Washington D.C., Institute for Palestine Studies, ISBN 0-88728-224-5
*{{Citation|title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|first1=Benny|last1=Morris|authorlink=Benny Morris|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6}} *{{cite book |title=All That Remains|first1=Walid|last1=Khalidi|authorlink=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=]|publisher=]|ISBN=0-88728-224-5}}
*{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=http://ia701204.us.archive.org/15/items/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas/PalestineCensus1931.pdf | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
*{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=Benny |last=Morris |authorlink=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
*Mülinen, Egbert Friedrich von 1908, '''' "Separateabdruck aus der Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palëstina-Vereins Band XXX (1907) Seite 117-207 und Band XXXI (1908) Seite 1-258." Beled esch-schech: p. ff. *Mülinen, Egbert Friedrich von 1908, '''' "Separateabdruck aus der Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palëstina-Vereins Band XXX (1907) Seite 117-207 und Band XXXI (1908) Seite 1-258." Beled esch-schech: p. ff.
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=http://www.archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=]}}
*Petersen, Andrew (2002), '''' p.&nbsp;108-109
*{{cite book|last1=Petersen |first1=Andrew |title=A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology)|url=http://www.amazon.com/dp/0197270115 |volume =1 |year=2001|publisher=]|isbn=978-0-19-727011-0}} p.&nbsp;108-109
{{Refend}}
{{refend}}

==External links== ==External links==
* *
* , Wikimedia commons *Survey of Western Palestine, Map 5: ,
* , from the ] * , from the ]



Revision as of 20:42, 29 May 2015

Template:Infobox former Arab villages in Palestine

Balad al-Sheikh (traditional transliteration) or Balad ash-Shaykh (most recent form of transliteration; Template:Lang-ar) was a Palestinian Arab village located just north of Mount Carmel, 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) southeast of Haifa. Currently the town's land is located within the jurisdiction of the Israeli city, Nesher.

History

Ottoman era

Sheikh Abdullah as-Sahli grave in Balad ash-Sheikh cemetery, 2010

The town is named after Sheikh Abdullah as-Sahli, a renowned Sufi, who was granted the taxes collected from the village by Sultan Salim II. The village contains a maqam ("shrine") dedicated to him. His grave is located in the Balad al-Sheikh cemetery on Mount Carmel.

In 1816, British traveller James Silk Buckingham passed by "Belled-el-Sheikh". In 1875, the village was estimated at having a population of 500, and with olive, palm trees and springs near it.

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Balad al Shaikh had a population of 406; 405 Muslims and 1 Christian, where the one Christian was a Melkite. This had increasing in the 1931 census to 747 Muslims, including Bedouin tribes that lived nearby, in a total of 247 houses.

The Jezreel Valley railway line passed about 0.5 kilometers (0.31 mi) east of the village. The Balad al-Sheikh Railway Station, also known as Shumariyyah (Şumariye in Turkish) and after 1948 as Tel Hanan, was built in 1904 as the second station in the original line. In 1913, the Ottomans built an extension of the valley line to Acre, with this station serving as terminus. When the Haganah attacked Balad al-Sheikh on the night of December 31, 1947 – January 1, 1948, Hanan Zelinger of the Haganah was killed in the operation. A Jewish village, Tel Hanan (now part of the town of Nesher), was built there in his name.

The village was the source of attacks on Jews in 1929 when its residents attacked the local cement factory and burned down a women's farm. In 1934, a new cemetery for Muslim residents of Haifa, was established near the village and in 1935 Izz ad-Din al-Qassam was buried there, making the area a source of tension between Jews and Arabs. The grave was vandalized in 1999.

According to the British Population Survey - Village Statistics, 1945, the town had a total land area of 9,849 Turkish dunams, although only 5,844 dunams were privately owned by Arabs; most of the remainder was public property. In 1945, the town had a population of 4,120 Arab inhabitants making it one of the larger localities in the area. Of the land, Arabs used 386 dunams for plantations and irrigable land, 4,410 for cereals, while 221 dunams were built-up (urban) land.

1948 Arab–Israeli War

See also: Haifa Oil Refinery massacre and Balad al-Shaykh massacre
Grave of Izz al-Din al-Qassam who was buried in Balad al-Sheikh in 1935

On December 10, 1947 a patrol of Jewish Settlement Police that was escorting Jewish buses on the road, fired on a number of Arabs that blocked the road near the village. Several families left the village.

Following the attacks, the Jewish transportation stopped for a while to travel through the village. The transportation from Haifa to Nesher, Yagur and Jezreel Valley travelled through Check Post junction, Krayot, Kfar Hasidim and Yagur.

On December 30, 1947, a grenade attack by Irgun killed 6 Arab civilians in front of the Haifa Oil Refinery, after which the Arab crowd went in and killed 39 Jewish refinery workers. During the night of the following day, Haganah troops entered the town disguised as Arabs and killed 14 residents, 10 of whom were women and children. In an alternative description by controversial Israeli historian Aryeh Yitzhaki, the attack was carried out by a combination of Palmach and Haganah forces who entered the town and fought mostly inside the houses. Because of this, most of the sixty residents that were killed were non-combatants (note that Yitzhaki speaks of 60, while Miller mentions 14; altogether figures vary between 14 and 70 - see Balad al-Shaykh massacre). In this action, three members of the Haganah were also killed. Following the attack, on January 7, 1948, part of the residents of the village left and were replaced by Arab volunteers who came from Haifa to defend the village.

In early April 1948, a unit of the Arab Legion that had garrisoned the village left the area. This led the villagers to abandon the houses in the southeastern part of the village, near the Legion camp and move to the village center.

On April 22, after the Battle of Haifa, the vast majority of Haifa's non-Jewish citizens abandoned it. At the same time, many of Balad ash-Sheikh's residents left the village, including women and children.

On April 24, 1948, the Carmeli Brigade a unit of the Haganah surrounded the village, asking the residents to hand over all their weapons. They handed them 22 old and useless rifles and asked for ceasefire. The Haganah replied that they should hand over all their weapons. The residents did not reply, instead they asked the British Army for help. On April 25, at 05:00 AM, the Haganah fired several shells from three-inch mortars. Many adults male fled and left the women and children behind. A British army unit that came at 06:00 reported that there was almost no return fire from the village. The British advised the villagers to leave the village and they did it with British escort.

Most of the fleeing or exiled residents of Balad ash-Sheikh are internally displaced Palestinians and presently reside in various Arab neighborhoods in Haifa or Acre.

Walid Khalidi, a prominent Palestinian historian, described the town in 1992:

Many of the Arab houses and shops are still standing and are occupied by the settlement's inhabitants. The cemetery is visible and is in a state of neglect.

See also

References

  1. Haifa District: Balad al-Shaykh Town Statistics and Facts
  2. ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.
  3. Buckingham, 1821, p.114. Ref. from Petersen, 2002, p. 109.
  4. Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 281. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 152.
  5. Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Haifa, p. 33
  6. Barron, 1923, Table XVI, p. 49
  7. Mills, 1932, p. 88.
  8. Tzadok Eshel, The Cement and his Manufacturers, The Portland Cement Company "Nesher", 1976 p. 68
  9. Aharon Kaminker, Neighborhood in the shadow of Chimney smoke, 1978, pp 93-97
  10. Cite error: The named reference Hadawi47 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 89
  12. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 139
  13. The Palestine Post, Legionnaire shoots Jews, December, 10, 1947
  14. Zev Vilnay, Ariel – Ariel – Entziklopediya Lidiyat HaAretz (10 volumes) (1976–82), p 927
  15. Research Guide to the Israel-Palestinian conflict: Balad esh-Sheikh Robin C. Miller cites Wilson, Cordon and Search, pp. 158 and Walid Khalidi in his book All That Remains, pp.151-154.
  16. Research Guide to the Israel-Palestinian conflict: Balad esh-Sheikh Robin C. Miller cites Arieh Yitzhaqi in the April 14, 1972, issue of the Israeli newspaper Yediot Aharonot, translated in "From the Hebrew Press," Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 1, no. 4 (summer 1972), p. 144. Also quoted by Sami Hadawi, Bitter Harvest, pp. 88.
  17. Yoav Gelber, Independence Versus Nakbah: The Arab–Israeli War of 1948, forthcoming, Zmora-Bitan, 2004, p. 139
  18. Morris, 2004, pp. 207-208
  19. Morris, 2004, p. 207
  20. Morris, 2004, p. 208
  21. Benny Morris, 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, 2008
  22. Khalidi, 1992, p.154

Bibliography

External links

Palestinian Arab towns and villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestinian exodus by subdistrict
Acre Balad al-Sheikh is located in Mandatory PalestineBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad 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al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-SheikhBalad al-Sheikh
Beisan
Beersheba
Gaza
Haifa
Hebron
Jaffa
Jenin
Jerusalem
Nazareth
Ramle
Safad
Tiberias
Tulkarm
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