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Revision as of 00:45, 25 December 2018

The University of Texas
School of Law
Parent schoolThe University of Texas at Austin
Established1883
School typePublic
Endowment$172.1 million (Law School); $26 billion (University of Texas System)
DeanWard Farnsworth
LocationAustin, TX, U.S.
30°17′19″N 97°43′51″W / 30.288666°N 97.730762°W / 30.288666; -97.730762,
Enrollment1,031
Faculty182
USNWR ranking15
Bar pass rate93.85% (Texas)
Websitelaw.utexas.edu

The University of Texas School of Law (Texas Law) is one of the professional graduate schools of the University of Texas at Austin. In 2017 the law school was ranked No. 14 in the nation by U.S. News & World Report, and No. 12 by Above the Law Texas Law is consistently ranked among the top five public law schools in the United States. The school is also ranked No. 1 for the biggest return on investment among law schools in the United States. Every year, Texas Law places a large part of its class into the nation's largest law firms, where base salaries start at over $190,000.

Texas Law is consistently ranked as one of the top law schools in the United States and the world and admits roughly 20% of applicants. According to Texas Law's 2016 disclosures, 80.66% of the Class of 2016 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation.

The school has 19,000 living alumni, over 4,000 of whom practice law outside of Texas. Amongst its alumni is U.S. Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark; Sarah Weddington who represented Jane Roe in Roe v Wade; as well as a number of heads of state including U.S. Secretary of State James A. Baker; U.S. Secretary of Treasury Lloyd Bentsen; White House Senior Advisor Paul Begala; and Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Sam Rayburn.

Admissions

Texas Law is among the most selective law schools in the nation. For the class of 2018, 4,303 students applied and 21.9% were accepted with a class median LSAT score of 167. The median GPA for the admitted class is 3.73. The average age of admitted students is 24, and women make up 47% of the class. Texas Law admits students from 30 US states. Emphasizing its role as a public institution, Texas Law reserves 65% of the seats in each first-year class for Texas residents.

On the last day of Attorney General Greg Abbott’s tenure, his office released a year-long investigation into the improper use of unreported and unapproved ‘forgivable loans’ and other compensation to Texas Law faculty.

History

The University of Texas School of Law was founded in 1883. In 1914, the school created its first course on oil and gas law, and in 1941 a legal aid clinic was started.

Prior to the Civil Rights Movement, the school was limited to white students, but the school's admissions policies were challenged from two different directions in high-profile 20th century federal court cases that were important to the long struggle over segregation, integration, and diversity in American education.

Sweatt v. Painter (1950)

Main article: Sweatt v. Painter
Illustration of the Law Building on a postcard (1908–1924).

The school was sued in the civil rights case of Sweatt v. Painter (1950). The case involved Heman Marion Sweatt, a black man who was refused admission to the School of Law on the grounds that substantially equivalent facilities (meeting the requirements of Plessy v. Ferguson) were offered by the state's law school for blacks. When the plaintiff first applied to the University of Texas, there was no law school in Texas which admitted blacks. Instead of granting the plaintiff a writ of mandamus, the Texas trial court "continued" the case for six months to allow the state time to create a law school for blacks, which it developed in Houston.

The Supreme Court reversed the lower court decision, saying that the separate school failed to offer Sweatt an equal legal education. The Court noted that the University of Texas School of Law had 16 full-time and three part-time professors, 850 students and a law library of 65,000 volumes, while the separate school the state set up for blacks had five full-time professors, 23 students and a library of 16,500 volumes. But the Court held that even "more important" than these quantitative differences were differences such as "reputation of the faculty, experience of the administration, position and influence of the alumni, standing in the community, traditions and prestige." Because the separate school could not provide an "equal" education, the Court ordered that Hemann Sweatt be admitted to University of Texas School of Law.

Sweatt v. Painter was the first major test case in the long-term litigation strategy of Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund that led to the landmark Supreme Court decision in the case of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. Marshall and the NAACP correctly calculated that they could dismantle segregation by building up a series of precedents, beginning at Texas Law, before moving on to the more explosive question of racial integration in elementary schools.

Hopwood v. Texas (1996)

Main article: Hopwood v. Texas

In 1992, plaintiff Cheryl Hopwood, a White American woman, sued the School of Law on the grounds that she had not been admitted even though her grades and test scores were better than those of some minority candidates who were admitted pursuant to an affirmative action program. Texas Monthly editor Paul Burka later described Hopwood as "the perfect plaintiff to question the fairness of reverse discrimination" because of her academic credentials and personal hardships which she had endured (including a young daughter suffering from a muscular disease).

With her attorney Steven Wayne Smith, later a two-year member of the Texas Supreme Court, Hopwood won her case, Hopwood v. Texas, in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which ruled that the school "may not use race as a factor in deciding which applicants to admit in order to achieve a diverse student body, to combat the perceived effects of a hostile environment at the law school, to alleviate the law school's poor reputation in the minority community, or to eliminate any present effects of past discrimination by actors other than the law school." The case did not reach the Supreme Court.

However, the Supreme Court ruled in Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), a case involving the University of Michigan, that the United States Constitution "does not prohibit the law school's narrowly tailored use of race in admissions decisions to further a compelling interest in obtaining the educational benefits that flow from a diverse student body." This effectively reversed the decision of Hopwood v. Texas.

Publications

Students at the University of Texas School of Law publish twelve law journals:

Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice

The Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice, located at the University of Texas School of Law, serves as a focal point for critical, interdisciplinary analysis and practice of human rights and social justice." The Rapoport Center was founded in 2004 by Professor Karen Engle, Minerva House Drysdale Regents Chair in Law, thanks to a generous gift from the Bernard and Audre Rapoport Foundation to the University of Texas School of Law. The Rapoport Foundation was founded in 1986 by Bernard Rapoport and his wife Audre. In 2010, Daniel Brinks, Associate Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin, became co-director of the Center. The Center has over one hundred affiliated faculty members from various schools and departments within the University of Texas at Austin.

In February 2013, the Rapoport Center received a three-year, $150,000 grant from the Creekmore and Adele Fath Charitable Foundation to highlight the life and career of Sissy Farenthold, an American Democratic politician, activist, lawyer and educator, perhaps best known for her run for Texas Governor and for her nomination for Vice President in the 1972 Democratic National Convention. The project documents Farenthold's contributions to Texas and U.S. politics, the women's peace movement, and international human rights and justice. The Rapoport Center will work with the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History (where Farenthold’s papers are housed) in order to process and preserve Farenthold's papers, digitize archival documents and images, produce videotaped interviews, and expand the content of the Rapoport Center's website.

Center for Women in Law

In 2008 the law school announced the creation of the Center for Women in Law, "To eliminate the barriers that have thwarted the advancement of women in the legal profession for the past several decades, and thereby enhance the legal profession and its ability to serve an increasingly diverse and globally connected society."

Continuing Legal Education

The University of Texas School of Law Continuing Legal Education is one of the oldest and most distinguished providers of professional education in the country, offering over 50 advanced conferences annually that provide CLE and CPE credit to national legal and accounting professionals.

Some of the School's signature programs include Stanley M. Johanson Estate Planning Workshop, Taxation Conference, Jay L. Westbrook Bankruptcy Law, Ernest E. Smith Oil, Gas and Mineral Law, Immigration and Nationality Law and Page Keeton Civil Litigation, which have been offered continuously for over 35 years. Other highly regarded programs in the portfolio include Mergers and Acquisitions Institute, International Upstream Energy Transactions, Parker C. Fielder Oil and Gas Tax (presented with the IRS) and Patent Law Institutes presented in Austin and at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Notable alumni

See also: List of University of Texas at Austin alumni

Notable professors

  • Ward Farnsworth – current dean of University of Texas School of Law and the John Jeffers Research Chair in Law
  • Charles Alan Wright – was an American constitutional lawyer widely considered to be the foremost authority in the United States on constitutional law and federal procedure, and was the coauthor of the 54-volume treatise, Federal Practice and Procedure with Arthur Miller and Kenneth W. Graham, Jr., among others. He taught at the University of Texas School of Law from 1955 until his death in 2000.
  • Sanford Levinson – an American legal scholar, best known for his writings on constitutional law and is the W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood, Jr. Centennial Chair in Law
  • William Powers, Jr. – former dean of University of Texas School of Law and former President of the University of Texas at Austin
  • Lawrence G. Sager – former dean of University of Texas School of Law and the Alice Jane Drysdale Sheffield Regents Chair
  • Lino Graglia – the Dalton Cross Professor of Law at the University of Texas School of Law specializing in antitrust litigation
  • Robert M. Chesney – the Charles I. Francis Professor in Law at The University of Texas School of Law, where he serves as the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and teaches courses relating to U.S. national security and constitutional law
  • Leon A. Green – was an American legal realist and long-tenured dean of Northwestern University School of Law (1929–1947). He also served as professor at Yale Law School * (1926–1929) and the University of Texas School of Law (1915–1918, 1920–1926, and 1947–1977)
  • Ted Cruz  – US Senator and Presidential Candidate; adjunct professor of Constitutional Law
  • Elizabeth Warren – She taught at the University of Texas School of Law as visiting associate professor in 1981, and later joined them as a full professor (1983–87)
  • Bryan A. Garner – returned to the University of Texas School of Law as a visiting associate professor and was named director of the short-lived Texas/Oxford Center for Legal Lexicography, while teaching writing and editing seminars at the law school. In 1990, he left the university to found LawProse, Inc., a Dallas company that provides seminars on clear writing for lawyers and judges
  • Philip Bobbitt – Until 2007, Bobbitt held the A.W. Walker Centennial Chair at the University of Texas, where he taught constitutional law. He remains Distinguished Senior Lecturer at the University of Texas Law School and Senior Fellow in the Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law at the University of Texas.
  • W. Page Keeton – was an attorney and dean of the University of Texas School of Law for a quarter century. Keeton served as president of the Association of American Law Schools; national chair of the Council of Legal Education Opportunity; and was presented the Torch of Liberty Award of the Anti-Defamation League. The City of Austin renamed 26th Street so that The University of Texas School of Law is now located at 727 Dean Keeton Street. Keeton was a prolific writer and one of the foremost authorities on the law of torts. He was co-author of the most-cited work in Tort law, Prosser & Keeton on Torts
  • Daniel B. Rodriguez  – noted expert of Administrative Law who later became Dean of Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law
  • Mark Yudof – long serving faculty member who later became President of the University of California System; Chancellor of the University of Texas System; President of the University of Minnesota

U.S. Supreme Court clerkships

Since 2005, Texas has had four alumni serve as judicial clerks at the U.S. Supreme Court. This record gives Texas a ranking in the top 20 among all law schools for supplying such law clerks for the period 2005-2017. Texas has placed 35 clerks at the U.S. Supreme Court in its history, ranked 13th among law schools; this group includes Diane Wood (class of 1975) who clerked for Justice Harry Blackmun during the 1976 Term, and is now the Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.

Employment

Texas has maintained strong employment outcomes for its graduates relative to other law schools. According to UT official 2014 ABA-required disclosures, 77.8% of the Class of 2014 had obtained full-time, long-term, J.D.-required employment nine months after graduation. 88.9% of the class obtained employment in careers that preferred or required a J.D. UT's Law School Transparency under-employment score is 10.5%, indicating the percentage of the Class of 2015 unemployed, pursuing an additional degree, or working in a non-professional, short-term, or part-time job nine months after graduation.

Costs

The total cost of attendance (indicating the cost of tuition, fees, and living expenses) at Texas Law for the 2016–2017 academic year is $56,161 for residents and $73,831 for non-residents. The Law School Transparency estimated debt-financed cost of attendance for three years is $197,389 for residents and $254,278 for nonresidents.

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