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{{AFC submission|d|exists|Success Academy Charter Schools|ns=118|u=Nick Levinson|decliner=Legacypac|declinets=20190328010119|ts=20190328010018}} <!-- Do not remove this line! -->
| type = <!-- speedy / delete / content / style / notice / move / protection / ??user?? -->

| image = ]
{{For|other schools with similar names|Success Academy (disambiguation){{!}}Success Academy (disambiguation)}}
| imageright =
{{Infobox school
| style = margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; border:1px solid #ffc9c9; background-color: #fffff3;
|name=Success Academy Charter Schools
| textstyle = font-size: 85%; text-align: center
|logo=<!-- ] -->
| text = '''This is a <span style="white-space: nowrap"><span>&#87;&#105;<!-- Misplaced Pages -->&#107;&#105;</span><span>&#112;&#101;&#100;&#105;&#97;</span></span> ].'''<br />This is not an encyclopedia article. If you find this page on any site other than <span style="white-space: nowrap"><span>&#87;&#105;<!-- Misplaced Pages -->&#107;&#105;</span><span>&#112;&#101;&#100;&#105;&#97;</span>,</span> you are viewing a ]. Be aware that the page may be outdated and that the user to whom this page belongs may have no personal affiliation with any site other than <span style="white-space: nowrap"><span>&#87;&#105;<!-- Misplaced Pages -->&#107;&#105;</span><span>&#112;&#101;&#100;&#105;&#97;</span></span> itself. The original page is located at <span class="plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;">.</span>
|location=Main office: 310 Lenox Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10027
| small = <!-- {{{small|}}} -->
|coordinates={{Coord|40|48|29.3|N|73|56|41.7|W|type:edu_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}
| smallimage = <!-- ] -->
|schooltype=Public charter with public & private funds
| smallimageright = <!-- ] -->
<!-- |fundingtype= Beware an override involving the "schooltype" parameter. -->
| smalltext = <!-- Shorter message body text. -->
<!-- |established={{Start date|2006}} -->
}}__NOINDEX__
|founder=Eva S. Moskowitz ''et al.''
'''For the notice of declination of a submission, the submission supposedly by me but ], see the most recent revision before this one. This revision is intended to prevent indexing in search engines.'''
|status=Open
|authorizer=Charter Schools Institute, State University of New York<br />(most schools)
|head=Eva S. Moskowitz
|head_label=Chief Executive Officer
|staff=Over 350 (all positions) in or before 2012
|grades=K–7 (& 8–9 planned)
|gender=Both
|language=English (U.S.)
|schedule=Mid-August to mid-June
|hours_in_day=Kindergarten: 7:45 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.<br />1st–4th grades: 7:45 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.<br />5th–7th grades: 7:45 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.<br />Wednesdays for all students end at 12:00 noon
|campus type=Urban
|colors=Orange and blue (logo and uniforms)
|athletics=Yes
|sports=Yes
|fees=No application fee
|tuition=Free
|communities=New York City
|website={{URL|1=http://www.successacademies.org}}
}}

'''Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc.''', manages ].<ref>''Summary'' (memorandum) from Ken Slentz to P-12 Education Committee (Albany, N.Y.: Univ. of State of N.Y., State Educ. Dep't, September 4, 2012), subject "Revision to Charter Authorized by the Board of Regents: Harlem Success Academy Charter School and Merger of Harlem Success Academy Charter School into Harlem Success Academy Charter School 3", p.&nbsp; (apparently from and to offices in Univ.), & cited in , as accessed September 15, 2012.</ref>

The company aims to manage up to sixty schools eventually.<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ">, as accessed July 25, 2012.</ref>

]s are larger than in public noncharter schools,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare: Inside the Fight to Fix America's Schools'' (N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, 1st Simon & Schuster hardcover ed. August, 2011 ({{ISBN|978-1-4516-1199-1}})), p.&nbsp;434.</ref> allowing, according to Moskowitz, more funds per class for higher teacher pay, technology, and other support.<ref>Support: , as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref>

The schools share buildings with public noncharter schools where noncharters have rooms available,<ref name="SAPlanCobbleHill-NYT">, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> and the co-location has been controversial.<ref name="123PushedAside-DaNews">, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref>

== Schools ==
The Success Academy (SA)<ref>, pp.&nbsp;13 & 16, and , as accessed September 19, 2012.</ref> schools open or to be opened in ], are a group of charter schools offering kindergarten through, depending on the school, ]<ref name="SAHW-ofcl">, as accessed August 18, 2012.</ref> education, with plans to add a grade each year until the group reaches ]<ref name="SchChHandPol">, as accessed July 7 & 11, 2012.</ref> and possibly through high school.<ref name="SANetSetsSightHS-GothamSch">, as accessed December 19, 2012.</ref><ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo">, as accessed December 19, 2012.</ref> Full-day pre-kindergarten opened in one school<ref>, as accessed October 6, 2012, p.&nbsp;.</ref> and 4-year-olds may be enrolled for developmental kindergarten, from which they can progress the next year into kindergarten<ref>, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> or into ].<ref>''External Evaluation Report: Harlem Success Academy Charter School 2'' (conducted by Class Measures on behalf of SUNY Charter Schools Institute) (visit date April 5–6, 2010), p.&nbsp;11 (p.&nbsp;13 in PDF reader) and see p&nbsp;18 (p.&nbsp;20 in PDF reader) (HSA2EvaluationReport2ndYear200910.pdf at <nowiki>http://www.newyorkcharters.org</nowiki> and linked via <nowiki>http://www.newyorkcharters.org/proHarlemSuccess2.html</nowiki> ("Second-Year School Visit Report:" link)).</ref>

According to the State University of New York as the charter authorizer for Success Academies Harlem 2, 3, and 4 in 2007, "the Schools' mission would be to provide New York City elementary students, particularly those from economically-disadvantaged neighborhoods, with the knowledge, skills, character, and disposition to meet and exceed New York State standards and give them the resources to lead and succeed in school, college, and life"<ref name="SummaryFindingRecommendsAppEstabHSA234-SUNY-p2">, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;2.</ref> and, according to the SA schools group respecting some new schools, "a competitive global economy."<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl">, as accessed February 15, 2013.</ref> The SA schools group in 2013 proposed for its new elementary schools, planned to open in August, 2014, that they "serve low-income and/or mixed-income populations residing within the neighborhood or .... to educate all students at the same high level, irrespective of socioeconomic, racial, ethnic, and/or other status",<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> arguing "that economically and racially integrated school settings provide important benefits to both students and the community",<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> that "students from low-income families benefit academically from attending mixed-income schools, and the establishment of high-quality mixed-income schools raises the bar generally for lagging middle-class schools."<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl" />

Success Academy Charter Schools<ref>Organizational name: , as accessed August 21, 2012.</ref> (SACS),<ref>Abbreviation: , as accessed July 14, 2012.</ref> after trustees applied for a charter in 2005,<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, Attachment 05(b)-1, p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;29 per PDF viewer).</ref> was operating in 2006 with Success Academy ] 1, then known as Harlem Success Academy 1.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> Founders Joel Greenblatt and John Petry chose Harlem as the first community because "many/most of the Harlem schools have underperformed for years, if not decades."<ref>Quoting John Petry: Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.''</ref> Charters have been authorized by the State University of New York (SUNY) Charter Schools Institute,<ref name="HgControversialSAWburg-BkDaEagle">, as accessed June 2 & 18, 2012.</ref> generally.<ref>One school was chartered by the Board of Regents: , as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;1 n.&nbsp;1.</ref> Future plans include opening 30–60 schools in total<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ" /> or an "open-ended" number (according to Moskowitz)<ref name="LimitMoskowitzModelUntilMayor-CapNY">, as accessed July 28, 2012.</ref> in 10 years,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> which some say may be too fast,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> which Moskowitz said depends primarily on "personnel",<ref name="LimitMoskowitzModelUntilMayor-CapNY" /> and which is subject to the State's limit or cap on how many charters may be granted to all school organizations in total.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;354.</ref> In 2012, New York Mayor ] planned to ask the Success Academies to expand faster.<ref name="BloombergSchStatHostility-BkDaEagle">, as accessed June 2 & 18, 2012.</ref>

Institutional "autonomy"<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2-noitalic">, as accessed March 23 & 24, 2013, p.&nbsp;2 and see p.&nbsp;3 (document possibly in advance of testifying) (Success Charter Network subsequently Success Academy Charter Schools) (subsubtitle italicized in original) (emphasis removed from text).</ref> is "the single greatest ingredient of success",<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2">''Eva Moskowitz Testimony'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;2 and see p.&nbsp;3.</ref> in that "in exchange for freedom"<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2" /> " deliver student achievement results",<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2" /> because " freedom&nbsp;... you would get the same results district schools get", according to Moskowitz in testimony to ] in 2010.<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2" />

=== Relevance of poverty ===
] said that poverty impedes children's education.<ref>, as accessed June 24, 2010.</ref> Former City schools chancellor ] said that has been discredited by Success Academies' achievements with students from low-income families.<ref name="SceneNYEducWar-WSJ-Atl">Klein, Joel, ''Scenes From the New York Education Wars'', in ''Wall Street Journal'' (New York, N.Y.), May 10, 2011 (possibly p.&nbsp;A.15).</ref><ref>Klein, Joel, ''What I Learned at the Education Barricades'', in ''Wall Street Journal'' (New York, N.Y.), December 4, 2010 (possibly p.&nbsp;A.13).</ref> Moskowitz said that Success Academies have shown that "the problem is not the children"<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo-251-310">Mitchell, Nancy, ''5 Questions For Eva Moskowitz'', ''op. cit.'' (video) (approximately 2 min. 51 sec. from start to approx. 3 min. 10 sec.), as accessed June 23, 2012 (audio begins after speech has begun; & video is spliced).</ref> and that the grownups have to deliver education.<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo-251-310" /> In comparison with the multiservice approach of ], Success Academy uses a single-service model: by educating children so they can go to college, Moskowitz said "they will get out of poverty."<ref>Mitchell, Nancy, ''5 Questions For Eva Moskowitz'', ''op. cit.'' (video) (approximately 7 min. 15 sec. from start to approx. 8 min. 1 sec.), as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref>

=== Demographics ===
Students at the first schools to open came mostly from lower-income families.<ref>According to Klein, students at 4 Success Academies "most ... come from low-income families": anon, ''For the Record'', in ''The Chief'', August 3, 2012, ''op. cit.''</ref> Since the opening of Success Academy Upper West on Manhattan's ], more middle-class families have been brought into the student body.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011">, as accessed June 1, 2012.</ref> According to Lisa M. Collins, there's a "wide mix"<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> or diversity of students in Success Academy Upper West.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> Students come from all 32 zoned districts across the city, according to Robert Myers and the SA schools group.<ref name="SAToutRcdHiEnrollment-WindTerrKenPatch">, as accessed April 11, 2013 (accord, in , , & , all as accessed April 11, 2013, & , as accessed April 14, 2013).</ref> The diversity varies by school,<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p2" /> which, according to Moskowitz, is "reflective of the community"<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo">, as accessed June 18, 2012.</ref> because "we really want to be a neighborhood school",<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo" /> thus Success Academies are "somewhat subject to the racial and socio-economic segregation of the city".<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo" /> According to ], the integration of middle-class families into school enrollment increases classroom diversity and, since middle class adults are more likely to vote, their sending their children to a Success Academy likely increases political support for charter schools.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;408 and see p.&nbsp;409.</ref> Moskowitz said that Success Academy Upper West is more diverse than P.S. 9 nearby, with 65% of students at the Academy being Black and Hispanic against only 30% at P.S. 9.<ref>, as accessed April 4, 2012.</ref>

=== Community saturation ===
According to C. Zawadi Morris, "more than 40 percent of eligible kindergartners from Central Harlem applied to a Success Academy school."<ref name="SAToutRcdHiEnrollment-WindTerrKenPatch" />

=== Class and school size, attendance, and attrition ===
Class sizes tend to have a few more students than public noncharter schools do, because, Brill wrote, the quality of teaching is more important<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;434.</ref> and, because State funding is paid on a per-pupil basis,<ref name="ClassWarfare-p434-Mstmt">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;434 (Moskowitz's statement).</ref> larger classes mean receiving more State funding per class, available for teacher compensation<ref name="ClassWarfare-p434-Mstmt" /> and support, according to Moskowitz.<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, ''The Cost of Small Class Size'', ''op. cit.''</ref><ref>, as accessed May 25, 2012 ("transcript ... accuracy ... may vary", "text may not be ... final", & "the authoritative record ... is the audio").</ref> The students-to-teacher ratio, in the 2010–2011 school year at Success Academy Harlem 1, according to the school, based on full-time-equivalent classroom teachers, was 28-to-1.<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;5.</ref> According to Moskowitz in 2013, 30–32 students are in each class, including in kindergarten.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound">, as accessed May 8, 2013.</ref> On the other hand, according to Josh Rogers, reading groups have about 6–8 students each, with students grouped by ability.<ref name="HypeFuel-WSideSpirit">, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref> According to Moskowitz in 2013, the schools have "homogenous groupings and&nbsp;... small group instruction."<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" />

School sizes ranged from 131 to 644 students per school in August, 2012.<ref>School with 131: , as accessed August 21, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;School with 644: , as accessed August 21, 2012.</ref> For the 6 schools proposed to open in Fall, 2013, each would open for 188 students in kindergarten and 1st grade and grow for 689 students through 5th grade, with plans through 8th grade.<ref name="SUNY9NYC-EmpireStNews">, as accessed July 14 & 16, 2012.</ref>

Student attrition rates for the schools Success Academies Harlem 2, 3, and 4 are similar to those for noncharter schools.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" />

Student attendance rates at Success Academy Harlem 1 in the school years beginning 2006–2010 were 96–97%, according to the school.<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;6.</ref>

=== High school ===
The SA schools group has proposed to open a high school for the 8th grade graduates of Success Academy Harlem 1, and the State is considering authorizing it for 2014,<ref name="SANetSetsSightHS-GothamSch" /> and so is the City.<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> According to a school official, there's no promise to do the same for all of the Success Academies.<ref name="SANetSetsSightHS-GothamSch" /> Eventually, approximately 2,000 8th-graders are expected to graduate from Success Academies annually and to need high school education.<ref name="SANetSetsSightHS-GothamSch" />

=== Names ===
In 2012, the schools were renamed to their present names,<ref>, as accessed July 25, 2012 ("Success Academy Charter Schools" & "four Harlem Success Academy schools").<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed May 16, 2012 ("Success Academy Charter Schools", "Harlem Success Academy 2", & "Harlem Success Academy 1").<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed July 3, 2012 ("Success Academy Charter Schools" & "Harlem Success Academy 2 Charter School").<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed July 14, 2012 ("Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc." & "Harlem Success Academy Charter School 3").<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed May 4, 2012 (referencing, ''e.g.'', "Harlem Success Academy charter schools" under "Success Academy in the News").</ref> with regard to the names promoted on the SA school group's official website<ref name="FindSch-SACS-ofcl--ProposNwSchs-SACS-ofcl">Schools officially proposed: , as accessed March 28, 2013.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Schools not yet officially proposed: , as accessed March 28, 2013.</ref> and used in some other media.<ref name="espLociSpecificSchsnn-passim">See, especially, in this article, the section Locations, the subsection Specific Schools, endnotes, ''passim''.</ref> Formerly, they were the Harlem Success Academies,<ref name="ProposedCoLocationAmdtSAH5-NYCDOE-20121027-p1n1">For 10 of 11 SUNY-authorized schools as of March 28, 2012: , as accessed October 27, 2012, p.&nbsp; n.&nbsp;1 ("e.g. Harlem Success Academy Charter School 3 became Success Academy Charter School – Harlem 3").</ref><ref>, as accessed June 4, 2012.</ref> Upper West Success Academy,<ref name="ExpandGradeSchChain-CrainNY">, as accessed June 4, 2012.</ref> Brooklyn Success Academy,<ref name="CobbleSueBlockSA-BkDaEagle">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> and Bronx Success Academies<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p1">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> (some school names also had numbers).<ref name="ProposedCoLocationAmdtSAH5-NYCDOE-20121027-p1n1" /> Other names are used for some official purposes, such as in legal filings and on government websites.<ref name="espLociSpecificSchsnn-passim" /> Success Charter Network, Inc. (SCN),<ref>Success Charter Network manages 5 Harlem schools: , as accessed July 21, 2012.</ref> was renamed to Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc.,<ref>''Summary'', ''op. cit.'' (Univ. of State of N.Y., September 4, 2012), p.&nbsp;.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;The organization was also reportedly known, according to Erin Brodwin, as Success Academy Inc. , as accessed November 28, 2012.</ref> also referred to as Success Academy Charter Schools – NYC.<ref name="PubHgSumSABx31217-SUNY-p1">, as accessed January 16 & 17, 2013, p.&nbsp;1 (hearing date appears from context to have been in 2012, not in the then future).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Proposed to rename, according to SUNY: , as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;2.</ref>

=== Logo ===
The logo, shown in the Infobox of this article, is basically an orange ] capital letter "S" above a blue serif capital letter "A", the letters intertwined, the bottom of the "S" forming the crossbar of the "A", with the letters in front of the sun, the sun and the letters resting on top of what may be an architectural column of a building.

== Academics ==
{{For|views expressed by Moskowitz, including not on academics, in her personal and professional capacities other than with the SA schools group|Eva Moskowitz}}

=== Goal and philosophy ===
According to Elissa Gootman, Moskowitz "describes the ... Success educational philosophy as a mix of the liberal Bank Street College of Education approach and the traditional Catholic school model."<ref>Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.''</ref> According to SUNY considering in 2007 an application to open 3 schools, "the Schools&nbsp;... would implement a set of educational programs that have already had demonstrated success at PS 65Q (in Queens)".<ref>''Summary of Findings and Recommendations: Application to Establish the Harlem Success Academy Charter Schools 2, 3 and 4'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;2</ref> According to reporters quoting a school official, "our goal has always been college graduation".<ref name="SANetSetsSightHS-GothamSch" /><ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> The school culture, according to the schools, is "that every child can graduate from college",<ref name="SchCulture-SACS">, as accessed September 7, 2012.</ref> that students should "go 'Beyond Z'"<ref name="SchCulture-SACS" /> as inspired by ]' book ''On Beyond Zebra'' and think creatively,<ref name="SchCulture-SACS" /> and practice "ACTION Values",<ref name="SchCulture-SACS" /> with "A.C.T.I.O.N." expanded by the schools as "Agency" (meaning to "take responsibility"), "Curiosity", "Try & Try", "Integrity", "Others" (''i.e.'', "look out for each other"), and "No Shortcuts",<ref>, as accessed September 7, 2012.</ref> caring about community being reflected in participation in a food drive, according to Stephen Lorenzo and Bill Hutchinson.<ref>, as accessed December 6, 2012 (newspaper sponsored food drive).</ref>

=== Curriculum ===
Reading is taught via the Think Literacy program<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible: How the Secrets of the Success Academies Can Work in Any School'' (San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass (imprint of Wiley), 1st ed., 2012 ({{ISBN|978-1-118-16728-1}})), p.&nbsp;104 & ''passim'' (coauthors Moskowitz CEO & Lavinia literacy coach, Success Academy Charter Schools).</ref> developed by Moskowitz and Success Academy literacy director Arin Lavinia,<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;104 & 157.</ref> emphasizing reading for meaning,<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;104.</ref> after using phonics books from the skills-centered<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;104 and see p.&nbsp;92 (using Success For All for testing students' progress).</ref> ] methods,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> oriented to help academically disadvantaged students.<ref>"Academically disadvantaged": Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;104.</ref><ref>"Disadvantaged": , as accessed January 10, 2010 (Harlem Success Academy former name).</ref> According to ], there is substantial reading and writing.<ref>Benjamin, Liz, host, ''Eva Moskowitz Touts Charter School Success'', ''op. cit.'' (approximately 0 min. 14 sec. from start to approx. 0 min. 17 sec. & approx. 0 min. 35 sec. from start to approx. 0 min. 41 sec., both as accessed August 11, 2012).</ref>

Math, in 2012, was taught using Success Academies' Think math curriculum, developed in-house after finding that no curriculum SA purchased met its needs.<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p4">, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;4 (p.&nbsp;6 per PDF viewer).</ref> In 2010, it was being taught from ] for second grade and up,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5">, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref> adapted for pacing.<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> Instead of drilling students to memorize answers, students were taught why math works the way it does and were required to "prove"<ref name="HarlemSchChoice-VV-p2">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> answers mathematically, even in first grade.<ref name="HarlemSchChoice-VV-p2" />

Science is taught daily,<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p4">.</ref><ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="BlocksBackBasics-NYT">, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> one of the few schools in the nation doing so<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown">Eichna, Charlotte, ''Charter Crusader: Eva Moskowitz'', in (East Side (Manhattan), New York, N.Y.) ''Our Town'', April 1, 2010, pp.&nbsp; & 10–11.</ref> for the earliest grades; and is taught to all grades.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p410">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;410.</ref>

Some classes are elective.<ref name="OpenDoorFutureStudents-NYPresscom">Brodwin, Erin, ''Opening the Doors to the Future for Students'', ''op. cit.''</ref>

=== Methods ===
Parents have to sign contracts requiring students to arrive on time, in uniform, and with ] and that families attend events.<ref>Coplon, Jeff, ''The Patron Saint (and Scourge) of Lost Schools'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;4.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;On Commitment Contracts as a form of encouragement: proposal (untitled) for Success Academy Charter School to open in August, 2011, in District 3, ''op. cit.'', , p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;22 per PDF viewer).</ref> Uniforms are blue and orange;<ref>Uniforms apart from colors:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Thrasher, Steven, ''Class Struggles at a Bronx Charter School'', ''op. cit.'', pp. & .<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bungeroth, Megan Finnegan, ''Upper West Success Settles in After Controversial Start'', in ''West Side Spirit'' (New York, N.Y.), December 1, 2011, p.&nbsp;8.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Colors of uniforms:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Collins, Lisa M., ''Charter War Cobble Hill'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Coplon, Jeff, ''The Patron Saint (and Scourge) of Lost Schools'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;4.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed April 6, 2013.</ref> and, according to the SA schools group respecting at least one school, a uniform violation may lead to discipline but won't bar class attendance.<ref>Proposal (untitled) for Success Academy Charter School to open in August, 2011, in District 3, ''op. cit.'', Attachment 51-1, p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;1327 per PDF viewer).</ref> According to a teacher, Moskowitz told some parents, "our school is like a marriage, and if you don't come through with your promises, we will have to divorce."<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p4" /> Kindergarten includes behavioral training for 2 weeks.<ref>Behavioral training in kindergarten: Thrasher, Steven, ''Class Struggles at a Bronx Charter School'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Two weeks: Coplon, Jeff, ''The Patron Saint (and Scourge) of Lost Schools'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;5.</ref> This technique has been criticized by Prof. Pedro Noguera for grooming conformism.<ref>Noguera, prof., Steinhardt School, is a "SUNY trustee who chairs the charter-authorizing committee": Coplon, Jeff, ''The Patron Saint (and Scourge) of Lost Schools'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;4.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Grooming conformism: Coplon, Jeff, ''The Patron Saint (and Scourge) of Lost Schools'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;5.</ref> The result is not "frightening", according to Collins.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> The youngest students may still have heads in teachers' laps or fidget quietly, wrote Collins,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> and, according to Moskowitz and Collins, get 2 recesses a day and choice in play,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> and, according to Moskowitz and Collins, apart from direct instruction, a less-regimented day<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> or, according to Megan Finnegan Bungeroth, "a very regimented environment."<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit">Bungeroth, Megan Finnegan, ''Upper West Success Settles in After Controversial Start'', ''op. cit.''</ref> According to Steven Thrasher, handshakes are required daily between students and the principal and between parents and teachers;<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p1" /> and, according to Moskowitz in 2013, a principal should know every student by name.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" />

Children are encouraged to be creative<ref name="TeachMathSparkCreativeThink-WSJ">, as accessed May 19 & August 18, 2012 (Success Academy Harlem 4).</ref> and, according to Success Academy Harlem 1, the schools "capitalize on ... natural curiosity",<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p15">''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;15.</ref> even dissecting ].<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p15" /> Children are also encouraged to engage in ] and problem-solving.<ref name="TeachMathSparkCreativeThink-WSJ" /> According to Moskowitz in 2013, students are expected to have evidence for their answers.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" /> They study or perform "constructivist math" (according to Moskowitz),<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV">, as accessed February 3, 2013 (also in print newspaper, vol. LVIII, no. 5, January 30–February 5, 2013, pp.&nbsp;9–15 and see p.&nbsp; (cover story)).</ref> science,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> robotics,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> block-building with a laboratory<ref name="BlocksBackBasics-NYT" /> (playing with blocks),<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ" /><ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager">Anderson, Lincoln, ''Charges Over Charters Fly as Eva Enters Wash. Irving'', ''op. cit.''</ref> ] (according to SA),<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;13 & 15.</ref> ]<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref name="BackClass-NYJewishWk">Dickter, Adam, ''Back to the Classroom'', in ''The N.Y. Jewish Week'' (Manhattan ed.), vol. 218, issue 35, January 13, 2006, p.&nbsp;40.</ref> (coordinated with other subjects for projects),<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p4" /> ],<ref>, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> geography,<ref name="BackSchMoskowitz-CrainNY">, as accessed June 4, 2012.</ref> civics,<ref name="BackSchMoskowitz-CrainNY" /> creative writing,<ref name="ExpandGradeSchChain-CrainNY" /> computer skills (according to SA),<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p15" /> ] (according to SA),<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;13.</ref> ],<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref name="BackClass-NYJewishWk" /> dancing,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /><ref name="SumFindRecommendACSch-20100914-p3">, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;3 (p.&nbsp;4 per PDF viewer).</ref> ] (according to SA for planned new SA schools),<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> ],<ref name="SumFindRecommendACSch-20100914-p3" /> and ]s<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref>Brodwin, Erin, ''Opening the Doors to the Future for Students'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Variety of sports: , as accessed December 22, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Karate: , as accessed June 16, 2012 (approximately 0 min. 10 sec. from start to approx. 0 min. 13 sec.).</ref> although, according to Isobel Markham, at Success Academy Harlem 1 the physical education time is less than the minimum required by the State.<ref>Markham, Isobel, ''Uptown Elementary Schools Struggle to Meet State Phys Ed Mandates'', ''op. cit.''</ref> The pacing is fast, according to Morris.<ref name="ParentsAskPolice5Shots8DaOutsideSchTompkins-BedStuyPatch">, as accessed February 27, 2013.</ref> "Knowledge saturation is an important principle", according to Elizabeth Green.<ref name="HarlemSchChoice-VV-p2" /> Students are all referred to in the schools as ''scholars''.<ref name="KindergartenersNYU-DaNews">, as accessed May 11, 2012.</ref> Kindergartners do 135 science experiments.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> Third graders, according to Moskowitz, read for an hour and a half a day in class.<ref>, as accessed August 26, 2012 (transcribed directly from audio) (approximately 2 minutes 45 seconds from start to approx. 2 min. 49 sec.) (probably same video on NY1 website: , as accessed August 27, 2012).</ref> Chess<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews">Johnson, Stephon, ''Mastery at the Harlem Success Academy'' (with single quotation marks around "Mastery"), in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'' (possibly vol. 100 & no. 25), June 18–24, 2009, p.&nbsp;29, as accessed February 16, 2010 (Harlem Success Academy former name).</ref> is taught to all students to develop students' ability to strategize even for students with language difficulty,<ref name="ClassWarfare-p410" /> it has been taught to parents,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;164.</ref> students can enter tournament play beginning in the third grade,<ref name="ChessKasparovVisitSAH-DNAinfo">, as accessed May 4, 2013.</ref> and a SA Harlem team won divisional second place at the ].<ref name="ChessKasparovVisitSAH-DNAinfo" />

Field trips<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> or field studies totaled about 4,662 studies in 2011–'12, Moskowitz told SUNY, and 950 a year earlier.<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;8 (p.&nbsp;10 per PDF viewer) (the passage asserts it was thus "a 491% increase in one year" but intention probably either "a 391% increase in one year" or that it was "491% of the earlier amount").</ref> Moskowitz said that, as far as she knew, "we do more field trips than any school in the country".<ref name="5Q-EdNewsColo" /> Once a year, kindergartners go to a farm to study rural life, which is intended to help their English and math test scores, since some questions on tests are based on rural knowledge lacking in most city children.<ref name="MooMooTest-NYT">, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> Students in other grades go on other nature trips.<ref name="MooMooTest-NYT" /> Moskowitz discounted criticism that other learning opportunities are needed more, saying that fun and learning can go together.<ref name="MooMooTest-NYT" />

==== Pedagogy ====
Teaching is intended to intensively engage students through their participation and positive feedback.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;387–389 and see pp.&nbsp;–358.</ref> Rigorously high expectations are set for students;<ref name="Tout-CapTonight-YNN-20120802-01380204">Benjamin, Liz, host, ''Eva Moskowitz Touts Charter School Success'', ''op. cit.'' (approximately 1 min. 38 sec. from timed start to approx. 2 min. 4 sec., as accessed August 11, 2012).</ref> and one parent, according to Mark Morales, "wanted her son to be pushed academically."<ref name="NewSACHillOpen-DaNews">, as accessed August 31, 2012.</ref> Teachers are discouraged from "talking down" to the students.<ref name="Tout-CapTonight-YNN-20120802-01380204" /> In 2013, before increasingly rigorous state exams, the SA schools group held a centralized pep rally for around 1,500 students.<ref>, as accessed April 20, 2013.</ref> Moskowitz said that the school is "against boredom",<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> some students at Success Academy Harlem 2 told State inspectors in 2010 "that school is not boring but fun",<ref>''External Evaluation Report'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;9 (p.&nbsp;11 in PDF reader) (quoting students).</ref> and one kindergarten teacher at Success Academy Upper West described her approach to teaching as combining rigor with fun.<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2012.</ref> Homework takes about 30 minutes for kindergartners and more for older students.<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" /> ]ing for students is provided, according to SA,<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p15" /> and teachers are, according to Collins, "required to continually advance kids in reading, based on individual student proficiency levels",<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> which lets teachers teach classes with students more often at similar ability levels.<ref name="6BksWkFeet-Economist">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> According to Moskowitz in 2013, while schools generally teach the same lessons on the same days to ease management, "all the teachers have flex re-teaching days".<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" /> Remediation would be offered to individual students and small groups in math and literacy, under a proposal to open 3 of the schools, according to SUNY.<ref>''Summary of Findings and Recommendations: Application to Establish the Harlem Success Academy Charter Schools 2, 3 and 4'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;2–3 & 9.</ref> Kindergartners may be taught 2nd-grade math<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews" /> and Success Academy Harlem 3rd-graders held a math bee.<ref>, as accessed June 16, 2012 (Goldberg correspondent on parenting)</ref> According to Moskowitz, Success Academies choose about "2,000 books per grade".<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p4" />

==== College motivation ====
Students are encouraged to think of themselves as future college graduates.<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p1" /> Homerooms are named after colleges and students' graduating classes are named by the year they potentially will graduate from college.<ref name="KindergartenersNYU-DaNews" /> Teachers tell students about their own college experiences before becoming teachers.<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews" /> About 200 kindergartners and first-graders in 2011 visited the campus of ].<ref name="KindergartenersNYU-DaNews" /> According to Success Academy Harlem 1, students attending from kindergarten through 8th grade "will have visited ... nine colleges, from community colleges to Ivy League universities".<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;7.</ref>

==== Assessments in school ====
Evaluation is every 2 months.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> Tests twice a year begin in kindergarten,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> although the State does not require them for first graders.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;211.</ref> One test administered in all Success Academies, as of the 2010–2011 school year, is "the Fountas & Pinnell Benchmark Assessment (F&P) ... to track performance and growth in reading."<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;9</ref> According to Thrasher, Moskowitz is opposed to "teaching to a test."<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p4" />

==== Schedules ====
The school day and year are longer than in most public noncharter schools, running, according to Brill, about 8–9 hours a day<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14-seep15">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;14 and see p.&nbsp;15.</ref> or, according to Michael Powell, 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 with evenings for marking homework<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes">Powell, Michael, ''An Upstairs-Downstairs Divide at a Public School Building in East Harlem'', ''op. cit.''</ref> and, according to Brill, with the school year starting in August.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14-seep15" /> According to the schools, the students' year is from mid-August to mid-June<ref name="QA-SACSofcl">''Questions & Answers'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''</ref> and the students' hours start at 7:45 a.m. and kindergartners end their days at 4:00 p.m., 1st through 4th graders at 4:30 p.m., and 5th graders and up at 5:00 p.m.<ref>Other than "5:00": , as accessed September 4, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Specifically "5:00": , as accessed October 20, 2012.</ref> Breakfast would start at 7:15 a.m., according to the SA schools group in a proposal to open one school.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;2 (p.&nbsp;3 in PDF viewer).</ref> Wednesdays are shorter, ending at noon<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch">Cromidas, Rachel, ''et al.'', ''Striking Deal with Touro, Success Jumps into Teacher Preparation'', ''op. cit.''</ref> for students, so teachers can have more preparation time.<ref>One day a week, not recalled if Wednesdays or specific time: Rogers, Josh, ''Hype Fuels Charter Fight'' (or ''The Truth Behind Eva's ''{{Sic}}'' Moskowitz's Battle to Open an UWS Charter School''), ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Wednesdays till 2 p.m., according to authors affiliated with Success Academy: Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;44.</ref>

Time during the day is carefully regulated for students and teachers.<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p2">.</ref> According to Moskowitz in 2013, direct instruction is limited to 10 minutes per subject per day, with the rest of a day given to practice, both guided and independent.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" /> According to SUNY, 3 of the schools proposed in 2007 to provide 39.5 hours weekly of instruction over 188 days.<ref name="SummaryFindingRecommendsAppEstabHSA234-SUNY-p2" /> The SA schools group, for schools it proposes to open in August, 2014, plans about 4.5 hours weekly for math, reading, writing, and science.<ref name="ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> According to SUNY, the 2010 application to found Success Academy Bronx 3 proposed "100 minutes of daily reading instruction, 30 minutes of daily writing instruction, 80 minutes of daily mathematics, and daily exploratory-based science instruction totaling 4 and a half hours each week for each student".<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;2 and see p.&nbsp;8 (p.&nbsp;3 & 9, respectively, per PDF viewer) (Success Academy Bronx 3 did not open at the time contemplated by this document and a new proposal came later).</ref> Students needing more work may stay for longer hours and possibly Saturdays,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p4">, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref> when teachers may help, if necessary,<ref>Johnson, Stephon, ''Mastery at the Harlem Success Academy'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Student's comment: , as accessed May 25, 2012.</ref> with tutorials and classes.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;14.</ref> According to Tod Robberson, teachers get "a minimum of three to four hours a day of 'non-kid time' during their 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. workday."<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews">, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref>

Outdoor schoolyard activity is included, even on cooler days when public noncharter schools don't allow it.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;410 and see p.&nbsp;164 (basketball).</ref> On a day with 8 inches of snow when all noncharter schools citywide had closed, Success Academy Harlem 1 opened for 4 hours.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p4" /> In the week of the ] in 2012, when City noncharter schools closed, Success Academies also closed.<ref>Announced early on the Tuesday afternoon of the week of Sandy: , as accessed November 3, 2012 (twitter.com/gothamschools is associated with gothamschools.org according to <nowiki>http://gothamschools.org/?s=Twitter</nowiki>, as accessed December 15, 2012) (unknown if this announcement was the first during the week of Sandy) (ow.ly link was for Facebook info, not about closings).</ref> On the day of the ] in 2012, when public noncharter schools closed, Success Academies were open for students.<ref>, as accessed November 7, 2012 (15 Success Academies listed).</ref>

==== Family and school ====
Parents and students can call teachers on their ]s, which the school supplies to teachers.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14" /> The principal is also available.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14" /><ref name="LastStand-NYT">, as accessed June 10, 2010.</ref> Curricular information may be available to parents, according to Brill.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;390.</ref> According to school officials, parents may visit a school anytime,<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;59 & 147.</ref> for half an hour for watching classwork.<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;24.</ref>

Parents are required to ],<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> keeping a log of readings.<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p11">''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;11.</ref> According to Moskowitz, parents are told that TV is bad for children and that the school will give the family books.<ref name="6BksWkFeet-Economist" /><ref>Mitchell, Nancy, ''5 Questions For Eva Moskowitz'', ''op. cit.'' (video) (approximately 8 min. 48 sec. from start to approx. 9 min. 1 sec.), as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref><ref name="KidsSAMillionBk-DNAinfo">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> Students can choose what books to read at home.<ref name="KidsSAMillionBk-DNAinfo" /> If parents can't read, the school supplies books on tape for children and parents to listen to together.<ref name="KidsSAMillionBk-DNAinfo" /> In early 2011, the SA schools group announced that, since founding, 2,401 students had read one million books outside of school.<ref name="KidsSAMillionBk-DNAinfo" /> In school, students read up to 12 books a week,<ref name="KidsSAMillionBk-DNAinfo" /> 18 in kindergarten.<ref>Mitchell, Nancy, ''5 Questions For Eva Moskowitz'', ''op. cit.'' (video) (approximately 8 min. 5 sec. from start to approx. 8 min. 12 sec.), as accessed June 30, 2012.</ref> One parent told ], "my son is challenged at Success and comes home with a curious mind every day."<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" />

According to Moskowitz in 2009, "we never blame children for not learning. If a 5-year-old doesn't do their homework, it's not the 5-year-old's fault. It's the adult's fault."<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews" /> If students are repeatedly late, both the students and their parents must come to school on Saturdays<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p2" /> and if a student is chronically late the school makes wake-up phone calls to the family.<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p2" /> A student who misbehaves by hitting may be suspended, even at age 5, so that they learn not to hit.<ref>Mitchell, Nancy, ''5 Questions For Eva Moskowitz'', ''op. cit.'' (video) (approximately 6 min. 22 sec. from start to approx. 6 min. 39 sec.), as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref>

Family events, according to Success Academy Harlem 1, included family math nights, science fairs, music productions, art exhibitions, and soccer.<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p11" /> Moskowitz told SUNY that, in 2011–'12, every school "hosted around 35 family academic events".<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;8–9 (pp.&nbsp;10–11 per PDF viewer) (quoted part at p.&nbsp;9 (p.&nbsp;11 per PDF viewer)) (the passage asserts from 12 to 35 was "an increase of 292% in one year" but intention probably either "an increase of 192% in one year" or that it was "292% of the earlier amount").</ref>

==== Professional development ====
Before students arrive each August, teachers prepare for 3 weeks<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref> to 30 days,<ref name="ClassWarfare-p410" /> when teaching methods are taught or refreshed in Teacher Success Academy (T School),<ref>Names for teachers' school are according to Moskowitz and Lavinia: Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;51 & ''passim''.</ref> to ensure that students will be engaged and understand the lessons, with passionate teaching and without infantilizing the students.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;–358.</ref> In public noncharter schools, teacher preparation before students arrive is only one day long, said Moskowitz.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p410" /> Moskowitz said, "teachers spend three class periods a day learning lessons of their own."<ref>, as accessed June 4, 2012.</ref> According to a school spokester and Moskowitz, over a year a teacher has 13 weeks of professional development,<ref name="ForRcd-Ch-20120803">Anon, ''For the Record'', in ''The Chief'', August 3, 2012, ''op. cit.''</ref> because schools of education often fail to do an "adequate job".<ref>Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 3 min. 55 sec. from start to approx. 4 min. 17 sec.).</ref> According to Moskowitz and Lavinia, principals are trained for 8 weeks starting in the summer<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;115.</ref> and then, during the year, develop their knowledge of teaching within Leader Study Groups and plan, practice, and analyze lessons.<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;45–46.</ref>

As of 2009, a principal observed at least 2 teachers a day, in order to improve teaching;<ref name="HarlemSchChoice-VV-p3">.</ref> as of 2011, principals and assistant principals can each observe 4–5 classes a day;<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;409.</ref> and, according to Moskowitz and Lavinia in 2012, Moskowitz may personally observe a kindergarten class 5–6 times a year.<ref name="MissionPoss-p39">Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;39.</ref> A principal, being a "personal coach" to lead teachers,<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-838853">Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (in video approximately 8 min. 38 sec. from start to approx. 8 min. 53 sec.).</ref> may do an approximately-10-minute "speed observation"<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-603616646702">Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 6 min. 3 sec. from start to approx. 6 min. 16 sec. & approx. 6 min. 46 sec. from start to approx. 7 min. 2 sec.).</ref> and immediately provide brief "real-time coaching"<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-603616646702" /> to the teacher through an earpiece.<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-603616646702" /> According to several sources, video recordings of teaching are made in class for several classes a week by every teacher and shared among peer and more-exerienced teachers, to improve pedagogy and classroom management.<ref name="UTube-VV-br-SchChHandPols-NYT">, as accessed June 2, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Videos of model lessons (EduTube): Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.''</ref><ref>Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 3 min. 5 sec. from start to approx. 3 min. 10 sec.).</ref> According to a State-sponsored inspection of Success Academy Harlem 3 in 2010, "teachers interviewed said&nbsp;.... that written feedback focused on what went well and the next steps the teacher should take to improve his or her instruction practices. One teacher said that the feedback was always helpful and that she never felt bad about any criticism she received. The principal attended grade level common planning meetings and also reviewed lesson plans."<ref name="ExternalEvalRptHSA3-SUNY-2010-p11">, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;11 (p.&nbsp;13) (visit April 8–9, 2010).</ref> According to the 2010 State inspection of Success Academy Harlem 3, the principal sometimes paired teachers so a teacher better at a given ability would teach with a teacher who was a little short in that regard, to improve the latter.<ref name="ExternalEvalRptHSA3-SUNY-2010-p11" />

=== Results ===
Success Academy students, most of them starting with disadvantages,<ref name="ClassStrugglesBxSch-VV-p1" /><ref>, as accessed June 16, 2012 (including poverty not being an excuse for children as nonreaders (approximately 3 min. 30 sec. from start (not counting advertisement preceding start)) and approx. 15% of children being in special education (approx. 7 min. 44 sec. from start)).</ref> have been consistently achieving some of the highest test scores in the state.<ref name="LiveUp-DaNews-br-OpenAnother-BkPaper">, as accessed June 30, 2012 (Harlem Success former name).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Success Academy schools "among the highest-performing programs in the state" but without mentioning tests: , as accessed July 12 & 14, 2012.</ref> A staff member's goal, according to Coplon, is to do "better than the Upper East Side."<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p4" /> Moskowitz told Kyle Spencer, " benchmark her schools ... against the most prestigious private institutions in the city: The Brearley School, The Dalton School, Trinity School"<ref>Spencer, Kyle, ''Special Ed'', ''op. cit.''</ref> and, she told Robberson, "against the very, very best elite private schools",<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews" /> despite students' difficulties learning and "parents working three jobs".<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews" /> According to Success Academy Harlem 1, "the goal is to benchmark our students not against their U.S. counterparts, but more mathematically advanced countries such as Singapore, Korea, and Finland."<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;14</ref>

For the end of the 2010–2011 school year, 81% of 3rd-graders passed state English exams,<ref>, as accessed January 23, 2012.</ref> whereas in nearby public schools in 2008–2009 only 56% of students passed.<ref name="LiveUp">Kolodner, Meredith, ''Harlem Success Charter Lives Up to its Name; 95% of Third-Graders Pass State English Exams'', ''op. cit.''</ref> In mid-2012, state test results, according to Greg Hanlon, were "that 97 percent of Success Academy students passed math and 88 percent passed English, compared to 60 percent and 47 percent for city public schools as a whole."<ref name="LimitMoskowitzModelUntilMayor-CapNY" /> In statewide tests of 3rd-graders in 2009 on combined subjects, Harlem Success Academy (the former name for the schools) ranked 32nd out of almost 3500 schools. No student tested beneath basic standards and nearly half the students achieved the highest score (4 on a scale of 1–4).<ref>''N.Y. State Test Scores'', all tests, , November 10, 2009, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref> In English alone, no pupil was below standard and nearly a quarter received the top score.<ref>''N.Y. State Test Scores'', for English, , November 18, 2009, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref> In math, no student was substandard and 7 in 10 got the top score, no school in the state doing better,<ref>''N.Y. State Test Scores'', for math, , November 13, 2009, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref> Harlem Success tying for no. 1. Harlem Success outdid its surrounding district in English by almost 25 percentage points. In 2011, according to Moskowitz, 94% of Black students and 94% of Latin students in SA passed math, whereas only 73% of White students statewide did so, and 79% of Black students and 89% of Latin students in SA passed English, whereas only 66% of White students statewide did it.<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3 (p.&nbsp;5 per PDF viewer).</ref>

According to Meredith Kolodner, critics said the comparison to students in the local public schools was "unfair",<ref name="LiveUp" /> in that "about 65% of Success students qualified for free lunch in 2007, which means they have a family income of 30% above the poverty level or less"<ref name="LiveUp" /> and about 16% of District 5 students, and no Success students, were classified as not proficient in English.<ref name="LiveUp" />

In 2009, Moskowitz said that the statewide tests were "too easy", according to Javier C. Hernandez.<ref name="MooMooTest-NYT" />

=== Evaluations ===
In 2011, the ] graded schools citywide and rated 4 Success Academies with an A,<ref>, as accessed May 25, 2012.</ref> all the other Success Academy schools then being too new for grading.<ref name="HgControversialSAWburg-BkDaEagle" />

In a comparison of Success Academy Harlem 1 (serving grades ]–]) and the noncharter (serving grades ]–]), which share a building, an observer found charter students more attentive, charter teachers required to meet with the principal after hours when that's voluntary on the noncharter side even with extra pay, and charter students outperforming noncharter students. Among 3rd graders, while almost no charter student was below grade level, no noncharter student was above grade level. This is in spite of class size being about one or two more per class in the charter school.<ref name="LastStand-NYT" /> Subsequently, Success Academy Harlem 1 was chosen by the ] as a ] for 2012.<ref name="FedAward5SchBluRibbon-SchBk">, as accessed September 17, 2012.</ref>

According to Brill, "the central evidentiary value of charters like ... .... they proved that intense, effective teaching could overcome poverty and other obstacles and that, as Klein liked to say, demography does not have to be destiny."<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;303.</ref> In 2011, Klein said, "Success now performs at the same level as the gifted-and-talented schools in New York City-all of which have demanding admissions requirements, while Success randomly selects its students, mostly poor and minority, by lottery."<ref>Quotation: Klein, Joel, ''The Failure of American Schools'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Similar to quotation: , as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref>

In response to a claim that charter schools tend to have "more motivated students ... cannot fairly be compared to come-one-come-all zoned schools",<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> according to Coplon, Moskowitz said, "the children in proximate zoned schools ... are the same kids we have."<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" />

U.S. Rep. ], of ], in 2009, cited Success Academy Charter Schools for "providing high quality education in an area where the children would have otherwise been attending a failing public school".<ref name="Clyburn-AmNews">Thompson, Zale, ''U.S. Representative Jim Clyburn, Highest-Ranking African-American in Congress, Honored'', in '']'' (possibly vol. 100 & no. 14), April 2–8, 2009, p.&nbsp;17 (Harlem Success Academy former name).</ref> Rep. Clyburn, with then-Chancellor Klein, had visited Success Academy Harlem 1 in 2007.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp; (Success Academy Harlem 1 formerly Harlem Success Academy 1).</ref> At the time, Clyburn was a leader in both the ] and the ].<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref> Other supporters included ] of ] in a 2011 rally against the NAACP's position<ref>, as accessed May 25, 2012.</ref> and Canada, in 2008, said Moskowitz is doing "some bold and daring things".<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p3" /> Mayor Bloomberg called Success Academy Charter Schools the "most successful charter school operator."<ref name="FightOverSuccess-BkPaper">, as accessed July 12 & 14, 2012.</ref> According to ] in 2006, "no one in government as knowledgeable, penetrating, and perceptive about the needs of students as Moskowitz. She is now practicing what she has been preaching by starting the ... Success Academy".<ref name="LearnWhyWeAmer-VV">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> According to Powell, Success Academy schools, "with strict discipline and unrelenting emphasis on high test scores, have posted impressive results."<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" />

=== Replications ===
According to Spencer, a book by Moskowitz and the SA schools group's literacy coach, Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'' (Jossey-Bass, 2012), written, Moskowitz said, for "charter operator&nbsp;... educator",<ref name="InNewBkSAOpPromoCharterSchsOfferAdvice-SchBk">, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref> "is part polemic on school choice,&nbsp;... extolling the virtues of competition as a means of improving the nation's failing public schools&nbsp;.... part how-to guide, with the authors offering specific teacher-training tips and information about the Success Academy literacy program&nbsp;... and including the tenets of what&nbsp;... Moskowitz terms 'joyful rigor.'"<ref name="InNewBkSAOpPromoCharterSchsOfferAdvice-SchBk" />

According to Robberson, some replication by noncharter schools has happened, such as in disciplinary methods and in displaying university banners to encourage students.<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews" /> According to the SA schools group, noncharter zoned schools where Success Academies are co-located adopted some Success Academy practices.<ref>Proposal (untitled) for Success Academy Charter School to open in August, 2011, in District 3, ''op. cit.'', Attachment 04-1, p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;27 per PDF viewer).</ref> While the cause is unknown, according to Robberson, in "public schools ... testing scores have improved dramatically since co-location began."<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews" /> According to Klein, "the questions are about the elements of scalability."<ref>Hess, Rick, ''Straight Up Conversation, Part II'', ''op. cit.'' ("in NYC" bracketed in original).</ref> According to Success Academy Harlem 1, the SA schools group plans to teach teachers who are from elsewhere than Success Academies<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p11" /> and advocates for reforms in other schools by working with the New York Charter Schools Association and the New York City Charter School Center<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;12.</ref> and with other schools to promote educational choice.<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;11–12 (" zoned public schools, the Archdiocese and other charters such as Democracy Prep, Girls Prep, KIPP, Explore, Uncommon Schools and Achievement First ... culminat ... in events like the Harlem Education Fair, which attracted 3,000 people at its peak.")</ref>

== Teachers and management ==
The staff numbered over 350, according to Moskowitz, sometime in or before mid-2012.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, attachment 1-1, p.&nbsp; (p.&nbsp;4 in PDF viewer).</ref>

=== Teachers ===
Lead teachers must be certified<ref name="LeadTeacher">, as accessed August 2 & 4, 2012 (document hosted by Howard University, Graduate School, Office of Retention, Mentoring and Support).</ref> and experienced<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp; fn.</ref> and new teachers may become associate teachers, who may "roam" in the classroom.<ref name="MissionPoss-p39" /> New teachers receive summer training.<ref>, as accessed February 13, 2012.</ref> Moskowitz said teachers are not "expect ... to go home at night and plan, or, frankly, grade the papers"<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-838853" /> because lead teachers plan during the day<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-838853" /> and assistant teachers "check the homework."<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-838853" /> Moskowitz criticized noncharter schools for having only one 50-minute teacher preparation period a day but said, about Success Academy, "we give our teachers two to three prep periods a day, and in exchange we expect them to be super well-prepared to teach the lesson."<ref name="WallStJRpt-CNBC-1-14-15-12">, as accessed June 1, 2012.</ref> Moskowitz and Lavinia wrote that they prefer to hire teachers who want feedback and coaching.<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;32.</ref>

The teachers' contract is not a union contract.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> It allows the school to fire them if the administration decides to,<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14-br-WallStJRpt-CNBC-1-14-15-12">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;14.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;On an ability to terminate a teacher without reference to a union contract: Bartiromo, Maria, host, ''Wall Street Journal Report'', ''op. cit.'', January 14 or 15, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;According to Joel Klein, former New York City chancellor of education, "teachers at Success ... move on if they can't cut the mustard" (and see Klein on {{Nowrap|"}} protecting teachers who are not up to the job"): anon, ''For the Record'', in ''The Chief-Civil Service Leader'' (New York, N.Y.) (ISSN 0746-7761), vol. CXVI, no. 21, August 3, 2012, p.&nbsp;4, col.&nbsp;2.</ref> and promotes flexibility in use of time.<ref name="WallStJRpt-CNBC-1-14-15-12" /> The pay for teachers is about 5–10% higher than for similarly experienced public noncharter teachers.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p14" /> The SA schools group offers paid maternity leave,<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> which is not offered by the union to its members,<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> although 7 out of 8 are women.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> Teachers can vacation for 12–13 weeks.<ref>Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' (''sic'')) (in video approximately 4 min. 28 sec. from start to approx. 4 min. 32 sec. & approx. 8 min. 55 sec. from start to approx. 9 min. 6 sec.).</ref> According to Moskowitz, teachers are not expected to pay personally for students' supplies.<ref>Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' (''sic'')) (in video approximately 8 min. 17 sec. from start to approx. 8 min. 24 sec.).</ref>

On hiring, according to the SA schools group, the process includes the teaching of a demonstration lesson and the final decision to hire is by the principal.<ref>Proposal (untitled) for Success Academy Charter School to open in August, 2011, in District 3, ''op. cit.'', Attachment 21(a)-1, p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;934 per PDF viewer).</ref> In 2010, according to Moskowitz, around 13,000 applications were received for 69 teacher positions.<ref>Rosato, Ken, host, ''New York Viewpoint'', ''op. cit.'' (in video approximately 5 min. 50 sec. from start (not counting advertisement preceding start) to approx. 5 min. 57 sec.).</ref> In 2011, Moskowitz said there were "57,000 applications for 256 jobs".<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk">, as accessed June 7, 2012.</ref> Moskowitz reported to SUNY that, for 2011–'12, for 178 faculty positions, 1,600 initial interviews were conducted and 57,000 résumés were received.<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;6 (p.&nbsp;8 per PDF viewer).</ref>

Success Academies perform their own teacher evaluations, rather than rely on the State to do them.<ref>, as accessed April 4, 2012.</ref><ref>Merriman, James, ''Letter: Charter Schools Are Held Accountable'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', March 8–14, 2012, p.&nbsp;12, in ''Opinion''.</ref>

==== Masters' degree program ====
Success Academies and ] Graduate School of Education have begun a teacher training program that will culminate in ]s and ]s.<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" /> Teachers will be trained jointly by both institutions and most of the training is at Success Academy locations because of teachers' already long workdays.<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" /> The training program is funded by Success Academies, according to Cromidas and Cramer, and is a response to what Moskowitz described as a shortage of future teachers qualified for Success Academies.<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" />

Some Success Academy teachers attend a training program run by Relay Graduate School of Education, which was founded by three other charter school groups.<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" /> Moskowitz expected that Success Academy teachers will continue attending multiple programs even while Touro's is open.<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" />

=== School management ===
A principal (called a Leader)<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p17">''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;17.</ref> runs each school,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> and, according to SA, first receives a year of hands-on leadership training.<ref name="BluRibbon2012App-p17" /> Moskowitz sometimes served as the principal of Success Academy Harlem 1.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /><ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p3">, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref>

Each school has an operations or business manager under the principal<ref>Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 5 min. 56 sec. from start to approx. 6 min. 2 sec.).</ref> to let the principal focus on academics.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> Moskowitz wrote that schools like hers are not "hampered by the ... government bureaucracy from which the district schools suffer."<ref>, as accessed July 25, 2012 (opinion column).</ref>

Assistant principals (called leadership residents) can make $100,000 a year with 6 weeks' vacation.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p424">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;424.</ref>

=== Turnover ===
Shortly after the first schools first opened and were staffed, there was turnover.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p3" /> An early report suggested it may have been significant in the beginning.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;162–163.</ref> Since then, staff turnover may have dropped. Asked about it in 2010, Moskowitz said there's "very little problem with turnover", stating that, in one year, 100% of the teachers came back to Success Academy Harlem 2 and 97% to Success Academy Harlem 3, and that all of the pregnant teachers also came back.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> In summer and fall of 2011, at one Success Academy school over a third of the staff left, some because, according to Moskowitz and several teachers, a popular principal left to go to another school network.<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk" /> One teacher said it was because she felt micromanaged, whereas "few"<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk" /> left the two Success Academy Bronx schools.<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk" /> According to Powell, "teacher turnover at ... approached 40 percent last year ."<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" /> Moskowitz said the retention rate is 70–75%,<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-742757803813">Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 7 min. 42 sec. from start to approx. 7 min. 57 sec. & approx. 8 min. 3 sec. from start to approx. 8 min. 13 sec.).</ref> that Success Academy Charter Schools do "demand a lot of our teachers",<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-742757803813" /> and that students "have a lot of needs".<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-742757803813" /> According to an unnamed writer at ''The Chief'', Success Academy Charter Schools do not keep detailed attrition data showing causation.<ref name="ForRcd-Ch-20120803" /> According to Brill, Moskowitz instituted high expectations of teachers, even though several were in tears when she scrutinized their work in their first year at this school after the teachers had spent a few years elsewhere without critical feedback,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;163.</ref> a couple of teachers thought fulfilling the demands on them was not sustainable for long, one resigning,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;423–424 and see (on one teacher) pp.&nbsp;425, 427, & 430.</ref> and work–home life balance was an issue for one teacher.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;430.</ref> Jim Manly, a Success Academy principal, said the schools are developing ways to retain teachers for longer terms, including encouraging teachers to finish the day by 6 p.m. (which is not when students finish), rather than late at night.<ref>On teachers' times and retention: Newman, Maria, ''Jim Manly'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;On when students finish: ''Questions & Answers'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''</ref> The possibility of ] is recognized by Moskowitz, according to Brill.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;428.</ref> ''The Chief'' questioned whether burnout could make "strong performances ... more difficult to sustain over an extended period."<ref name="ForRcd-Ch-20120803" /> Retention is "pretty high" in comparison to that of the school district or those of law firms and other professions, according to Moskowitz.<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-742757803813" /> However, from 2008 to 2010, "charter schools have generally experienced relatively high teacher turnover",<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk" /> with attrition averaging 25% statewide,<ref name="HiTurnover-SchBk" /> and at a failing noncharter school, ], over a third of the teachers left every year for 5 years.<ref>.</ref>

=== Group management ===

==== Charter management organization ====
The central organization, Success Academy Charter Schools (a charter management organization<ref>''Summary of Findings and Recommendations: Application to Establish the Harlem Success Academy Charter Schools 2, 3 and 4'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3 (referring to Success Charter Network, since renamed Success Academy Charter Schools).</ref> (CMO)),<ref>, as accessed January 30, 2013, p.&nbsp;.</ref> according to Moskowitz, does most of the work of hiring and developing teachers,<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp; and see pp.&nbsp;5–6 (pp.&nbsp;3 & 7–8, respectively, per PDF viewer).</ref> trains principals,<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;5 (p.&nbsp;7 per PDF viewer).</ref> develops curricula<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp; & 4 (pp.&nbsp;3 & 6, respectively, per PDF viewer).</ref> and tests,<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p4-p5">''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;4–5 (pp.&nbsp;6–7, respectively, per PDF viewer).</ref> analyzes data for the schools,<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p4-p5" /> operates schools' field trips,<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p8">''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;8 (p.&nbsp;10 per PDF viewer).</ref> manages admission processes including a complex lottery,<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;5 (p.&nbsp;7 per PDF viewer).</ref> provides tours of schools for hundreds of visits annually,<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;8 (p.&nbsp;10 per PDF viewer).</ref> oversees renovations,<ref name="MemoToIEDCSIfrCEOSAreSvcsAgree20120524-p8" /> and centralizes noninstructional services that schools would otherwise have to execute.<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;3 & 6–9 (pp.&nbsp;5 & 8–11 per PDF viewer).</ref>

==== Chief executive officer ====
In the management of the Success Academy Charter Schools group, Dr. Moskowitz is a founder<ref name="LiveUp" /> and the ].<ref name="NextWarWealthierWhiterNabes-DaNews-p2">, as accessed June 30, 2012.</ref> Moskowitz had "special"<ref name="SpecialAccess-DailyNews">, as accessed March 7, 2010.</ref> access to schools then-Chancellor Klein, according to ],<ref name="SpecialAccess-DailyNews" /> reporting 125 emails between the two, including on getting more classroom space, apparently overturning an unfavorable decision by middle management, and seeking mailing lists of families to whom to suggest Success Academy enrollment.<ref name="SpecialAccess-DailyNews" /> Moskowitz denied a special relationship other than as "chief nudge",<ref>A-Aleem (possibly same as Abdul-Aleem), Maryam, ''Despite Protests, Harlem Success Academy Still Moving to P.S. 123'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', vol. 101, no. 16, April 15–21, 2010, p.&nbsp;29, col.&nbsp;5.</ref> and, in 2011, Klein said, "at times, she was a complete pain in my neck"<ref name="FreeofRentNotHurdle-NYT">Winerip, Michael, ''Charter School Space: Free of Rent, Maybe, But Not of Hurdles'', in ''N.Y. Times'', April 25, 2011, p.&nbsp;A.21, as accessed August 20, 2012, 9:19:55 p.m.</ref> and Moskowitz said there was a 15-month wait for space for one Success Academy.<ref name="FreeofRentNotHurdle-NYT" /> Brill reported that, when it was announced that Moskowitz would run the schools, Klein thought the plan was well-financed and {{Nowrap|-designed}} and "knew that Moskowitz was smart and laser focused on school operations"<ref name="ClassWarfare-p161">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref> and Klein, despite long public differences with Moskowitz during her service as the City Council Education Committee chair, "did everything he could to support her"<ref name="ClassWarfare-p161" /> for the new charter schools.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p161" /> Moskowitz in 2013 said that when she started the schools she didn't expect the complexity that followed.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" />

According to Errol Louis of ''NY1 Online'' in 2012, Moskowitz "is one of the most controversial figures in the city's education world";<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-007023">Louis, Errol, host, ''Inside City Hall'', ''op. cit.'' (title in video: ''NY1 Online: Charter Schools Chief Discusses Suc'' {{Sic}}) (approximately 0 min. 7 sec. from start to approx. 0 min. 23 sec. (name "Eva Moskowitz" said by approx. 0 min. 38 sec.), in , as accessed August 27, 2012, & in , as accessed August 27, 2012).</ref> according to Louis, critics say she "bulldozes the competition"<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-007023" /> while supporters commend Success Academy students' accomplishments.<ref name="InsideCityHall-ChDiscuss-NY1-JosseyBassEduc-007023" /> According to ] of the '']'' (New York, N.Y.) in 2010, "Moskowitz .... wields far more influence now than she ever had in the Council, with the political skill to build alliances"<ref name="NextWarWealthierWhiterNabes-DaNews-p2" /> and, according to Powell in 2012, is "as Type A and politically connected as any charter operator in the city".<ref>Powell, Michael, ''An Upstairs-Downstairs Divide at a Public School Building in East Harlem'', ''op. cit.''</ref> "'She could be looked at as a lightning rod or a zealous advocate,' said ... Keith L.T. Wright, a Democrat who represents Harlem", according to Gootman.<ref>Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.''</ref> According to Michael Winerip in 2011, no one is "more tenacious" than Moskowitz.<ref name="FreeofRentNotHurdle-NYT" /> According to Lisa Fleisher, "Moskowitz is outspoken and highly critical of teachers unions."<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ" /> According to Green, Moskowitz said that it's necessary not to refrain from saying a school is failing just because saying so is offensive, if not saying it would "sacrifice children in the process,"<ref name="WhatAbtEvaAttractsEnemies-GothamSchs" /> so she works differently than some other charter leaders might.<ref name="WhatAbtEvaAttractsEnemies-GothamSchs" />

According to Gootman, Moskowitz said, "it is the accumulation of the hundreds of minute decisions that is the difference between mediocrity and true excellence".<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> According to Bungeroth, "Moskowitz runs each of her schools the same way and doesn't apologize if people don't like it."<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" /> According to Coplon, in 2010, Moskowitz had a "fine-grained focus {{Nowrap|imbu}} ... every facet of Success Charter Network".<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p1" /> According to an unnamed writer at ''The Chief'', Moskowitz is "thorough".<ref name="ForRcd-Ch-20120803" />

===== Time and compensation =====
According to Powell, Moskowitz' work-week is typically 70 hours.<ref>Work-week of 70 hours: Powell, Michael, ''An Upstairs-Downstairs Divide at a Public School Building in East Harlem'', ''op. cit.'', June 25, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;"A&nbsp;... 14-hour day": Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.''</ref> Moskowitz is compensated for her work, $379,478 in salary according to Powell in 2012;<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" /> while some said it's too much,<ref name="WhatAbtEvaAttractsEnemies-GothamSchs">, as accessed June 8, 2012.</ref> being, according to Gonzalez in 2009, more than was paid to then-chancellor Klein to oversee the much larger City noncharter system<ref name="MakinBundle-DaNews">, as accessed February 28, 2010 (comparison also to SUNY's then-chancellor's pay).</ref> or then-chancellor ] of the ],<ref name="MakinBundle-DaNews" /> Moskowitz said in 2010 that two other charter leaders were paid more than she was for running smaller systems<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11-col-1-2">Eichna, Charlotte, ''Charter Crusader'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;11, cols.&nbsp;1–2.</ref> and that "teachers .... school leaders"<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11-col-1-2" /> should be well compensated<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11-col-1-2" /> and said, "if my bosses thought that they could get someone cheaper, they would."<ref>Eichna, Charlotte, ''Charter Crusader'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;11, col.&nbsp;1.</ref>

==== Other CMO leadership ====
Among other management leaders, 2 also lead special education schools (Donna Kennedy at Gillen Brewer and Scott Gaynor at the Stephen Gaynor School)<ref name="MsgFroCharterSchThriveXfer">, as accessed January 30, 2012.</ref> and a couple are in Misplaced Pages: ],<ref name="ClassWarfare-passim">Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', ''passim''.</ref> a major donor to a public school who developed a model of school accountability to raise performance,<ref>, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref> with Petry<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;327 and see ''passim''.</ref> founded the Success Academy Charter Schools. ] is Vice Chair of the ] of Success Academy Charter Schools and is on the boards of Success Academy Harlem 5 and Success Academy Upper West.<ref>, as accessed September 4, 2012.</ref> Other cofounders include, according to Moskowitz and Lavinia, Paul Fucaloro,<ref name="MissionPoss-p155">Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;155.</ref> subsequently executive director of pedagogy,<ref name="StrikingDealTouroPrep-GothamSch" /> and Jenny Sedlis,<ref name="MissionPoss-p155" /> subsequently a spokester.<ref name="SABlitzCobHill-SchBk">, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> Merging the boards of trustees of some of the SA schools<ref name="Merge5SAs-NY1">, as accessed June 16, 2012.</ref><ref>''Summary'', ''op. cit.'' (Univ. of the State of N.Y., September 4, 2012), p.&nbsp;2.</ref> let students transfer among the schools.<ref name="Merge5SAs-NY1" />

== Political and civic relationships ==
One mission of the SA schools group, according to Moskowitz in 2013, "was to change&nbsp;... public policies".<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" /> For political advocacy, according to Geoff Decker in 2012, the SA schools group and ] "see charter schools as a weapon in a political fight against teachers unions to reform the larger school system and believe that the fight requires robust, hands-on organizing and lobbying efforts"<ref name="CharterRallyBringDeepTensionSector-GothamSchs">, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref> and, in 2011, led a rally with 2,500 people.<ref name="CharterRallyBringDeepTensionSector-GothamSchs" /> Moskowitz in 2013 recommended inclusion of the middle class and boldness in pushing government.<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" />

When one Success Academy opened, on the first day anti-charter picketers met kindergartners arriving for classes.<ref name="NextWarWealthierWhiterNabes-DaNews-p2" />

=== Mayor ===
In contrast to an earlier contentious public relationship with ] Bloomberg and the Mayor's appointed then-Chancellor running ], Klein,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;142.</ref> when Moskowitz was chairing the City Council's Education Committee and threatening to ] officials,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> the same Mayor in 2012 is said, by Aaron Short, to have provided "backing" to the SA schools group<ref>, as accessed July 12 & September 4, 2012.</ref> and Klein appeared at an Academy lottery<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> and Academy fundraisers.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="SpecialAccess-DailyNews" /> A school official said the present strong Mayoral support for charter schools could "go out the window with the next mayoral administration."<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" /> Noah Gotbaum "suspected ... to grandfather in as many changes as possible before ... Bloomberg leaves office",<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> and City Councilwoman ] argued that the SA schools group is trying to open as many schools as possible before Bloomberg's administration ends because "reform is coming to mayoral control".<ref name="ParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p2">, as accessed December 22, 23, & 29, 2012.</ref>

Moskowitz in summer, 2012, was awaiting Mayoral candidates' education positions because, she said, "it's an open question whether the next Mayor will create a hospitable environment" for opening and running schools.<ref>Benjamin, Liz, host, ''Eva Moskowitz Touts Charter School Success'', ''op. cit.'' (approximately 11 min. 26 sec. from start to approx. 12 min. 7 sec., as accessed August 26, 2012).</ref> According to Jeff Mays, "leading mayoral candidates running to replace Bloomberg have said they will think differently about school co-locations."<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> According to Cramer, some Democratic candidates, namely ], ], and ], "think Bloomberg should not be allowed to close or co-locate any schools in&nbsp;... last year",<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs">, as accessed Feb. 2, 2013.</ref> de Blasio naming Moskowitz at a candidates' debate and saying that "chancellors were bowing down and agreeing" with Moskowitz,<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> who "cannot continue to have the run of the place";<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> according to Anika Anand, de Blasio in April, 2013, led a rally and requested an investigation into alleged "preferential treatment".<ref name="deBlasioTakesTreatment-GothamSchs">, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref> According to Anand, ], also a candidate, supported co-locations but said "the process could be improved"<ref name="deBlasioTakesTreatment-GothamSchs" /> and all of the Democratic candidates are seeking the UFT's endorsement.<ref name="deBlasioTakesTreatment-GothamSchs" /> On January 31, 2013, according to Cramer, Success Academy "parents&nbsp;... protested outside the three mayoral candidates' offices" with over 100 outside Liu's office,<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> although "Moskowitz did not sign on to" a letter from charter operators asking candidates "to set aside the call for a moratorium on co-locations".<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" />

=== Governor ===
New York's then-Governor ] appeared at the 2008 lottery for selecting students for the SA schools.<ref>, as accessed April 13, 2013 (year determined from URL) (SA schools group then known as Harlem Success Academy).</ref>

=== Congress ===
Moskowitz provided testimony to the ] ],<ref>''Eva Moskowitz Testimony'', ''op. cit.''</ref> in a 2010 hearing<ref>, as accessed March 23 & 24, 2013.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;, as accessed March 23 & 24, 2013 (part of title italicized in original).</ref> on proposed legislation for a "grant program to expand and replicate successful charter schools",<ref>, as accessed March 23 & 24, 2013.</ref> that Moskowitz "would argue that the federal government has a critical role to play in supporting fast and smart growth of proven success.... must protect the single greatest ingredient of success: autonomy."<ref name="MoskowitzTestimonyUSHRCommitteeEducLaborHR4330-p2-noitalic" />

=== Parents ===
Some parents provide ] countering public schools' opposition to charters,<ref>Gootman, Elissa, ''Charter School Chief Keeps a Hand in Politics'', ''op. cit.'' (including Harlem Parents United).</ref><ref>, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> volunteering to go to official meetings to speak out.<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> Moskowitz said the schools "have a dual mission of advocacy and civic engagement"<ref name="DukesUp-AmNews-p34">Barker, Cyril Josh, ''Dukes Up: NAACP Defends Position on Charter Schools'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', vol. 102, no. 23, June 9–15, 2011, p.&nbsp;34, col 4.</ref> and "we talk to parents and tell them to stand up for their rights".<ref name="DukesUp-AmNews-p34" /> According to Cramer, "Moskowitz&nbsp;... has long represented the more radical wing of the charter movement, bringing busloads of parents to defend her&nbsp;... schools at public hearings and meetings where criticism is likely."<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> According to Cramer, "many independent charter schools opted out of a rally &nbsp;.... '... eople thought that demonstrations that looked like Eva's demonstrations did more to divide than bridge,'" said Harvey Newman that year (he headed the Center for Educational Innovation's charter support network).<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> Parents are not expected "to bake brownies" for the schools, according to Moskowitz and Lavinia,<ref>Moskowitz, Eva, & Arin Lavinia, ''Mission Possible'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;34.</ref> and, according to the SA schools group, "the Board does not believe in asking parents to fundraise".<ref>Proposal (untitled) for Success Academy Charter School to open in August, 2011, in District 3, ''op. cit.'', Attachment 24(a)-1, p.&nbsp; of atch. (p.&nbsp;946 per PDF viewer).</ref>

== Student recruitment ==
The schools perform outreach, which includes visiting families, hosting information sessions, and advertising, in order to provide fair access to families under state law.<ref name="SABlitzCobHill-SchBk" /> Judge Peter Moulton, when dismissing a lawsuit against the SA schools group for allegedly inadequate outreach for ], said that "Success Academy attended meetings with the relevant community boards and education council, wrote letters to elected officials, and collected petition signatures."<ref name="LawsuitvWilliamsburgSADismissed-DNAinfo">, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref> Moskowitz said that Success Academy Charter Schools were criticized for marketing, but that outreach was needed to convince parents that Success Academy offered a broad educational experience.<ref name="SeekDiversityNewSchs-SchBk">, as accessed August 17, 2012.</ref> Success Academy Charter Schools have spent significant money on marketing.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /><ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> In order to fill the first 900 seats of the schools, Success Academy Charter Schools effectively spent, according to Gonzalez, "more than $1,100 per child from 2007 to 2009".<ref name="BigBusMillionsMktg">, as accessed July 14, 2011.</ref>

Marketing material has included mailings, bus stop ads, and brochures.<ref name="CobbleSueBlockSA-BkDaEagle" /> Some of it was critiqued as discriminatory for being placed in Northside Williamsburg, which has a predominantly non-Hispanic white population, rather than Southside, which has a higher Spanish-speaking population.<ref name="FightOverSuccess-BkPaper" /><ref>, as accessed July 12, 2012.</ref> A Success Academy official responded that the school has done extensive outreach in Spanish, and that one-third of applicants are English language learners.<ref>, as accessed July 12, 2012.</ref>

== Admissions ==
A family considering Success Academy enrollment may take a weekly group tour<ref>Offer and to whom: Thrasher, Steven, ''Class Struggles at a Bronx Charter School'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Weekly basis: Bungeroth, Megan Finnegan, ''Upper West Success Settles in After Controversial Start'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Individual tours not generally offered: , as accessed June 8, 2012 (single quotation marks so in original).</ref> and, if applying, may find one of several preferences for certain groups of students is in the family's favor. A ] is drawn for all other applications. There is no application fee.<ref name="QA-SACSofcl" /> Applications are in English and Spanish.<ref>, as accessed August 31 & September 4, 2012.</ref> Emphasizing the importance of children's punctuality, Moskowitz told one group of parents, "if you were late to your wedding, you probably don't want to go to this school,"<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" /> since the day for kindergartners and first-graders begins with 15 minutes of math, so 5 minutes of lateness means missing a third of the math.<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" />

New students may enter in kindergarten through 3rd grade, but not above.<ref name="QA-SACSofcl" /> Preferences are available:
* Returning students are given preference for admission into all grades.<ref name="QA-SACSofcl" />
* Sibling preference is supported.<ref>Success Academy schools generally: ''Questions & Answers'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Success Academy Cobble Hill school specifically: Collins, Lisa M., ''Charter War Cobble Hill'', ''op. cit.''</ref>
* Local preference favors the local school districts for admissions, which district being dependent on the school being applied to.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" />
* According to a Success Academy official, if a child's local zoned school is at risk because it received a D or an F for student performance in the school progress report, the child may be given a preference for admission.<ref>On school progress report: Rogers, Josh, ''City Passive on Goal to Open Charter to More UWS Kids'', in ''West Side Spirit'' (New York, N.Y.), February 3, 2011, p.&nbsp;10.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;On other than school progress report: Douglas, Rebecca, ''Open Charter to Local Kids, Board Says'', in ''West Side Spirit'' (New York, N.Y.), December 23, 2010, p.&nbsp;6, cols.&nbsp;1–2.</ref>
* Students who don't know English, known as ]s (ELLs), will be given preference for about one seat in every 5, instead of that preference being given to children zoned for a failing noncharter school.<ref name="SATargetsMainstream-BkDaEagle">, as accessed June 2 & 18, 2012.</ref>

A random lottery is used to select from qualified applicants.<ref name="FailAmSch-Atl">, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref> Nearly 6 applications were received for every opening for the Spring 2006 lottery for the 2007–2008 year,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;167.</ref> 6 applications were received for each opening in Spring 2008,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /> and 7 for each seat for the 2009–2010 year<ref>Charter Schools Institute, ''Summary of Findings and Recommendations'', ''op. cit.''</ref> or 5,000 applications for 575 seats in the same year.<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews" /> In 2011, according to Moskowitz, "9,000 parents ... for 900 spots".<ref name="WallStJRpt-CNBC-1-14-15-12" /> In early 2012, Success Academy Charter Schools said they received "12,374 applications for 1,200 seats" and specifically Success Academy Upper West received "2,144 applications for 74 open seats".<ref>Both quotations: Katz, Mathew, ''Success Academy Charter Schools Get Record Number of Applications'', ''op. cit.''</ref> In early 2013, according to Myers, the SA schools group said it had received 12,266 applications for almost 2,500 autumn openings in 18 schools, 2 of the schools receiving approximately 17 applications per seat.<ref name="SAToutRcdHiEnrollment-WindTerrKenPatch" /> ], a 2010 film,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp; and see p.&nbsp;.</ref> was inspired by a Harlem Success (now Success Academy) lottery;<ref name="NYDailyNews-20100429-docu">, as accessed May 1, 2010.</ref> and a Success Academy lottery is in the movie '']''.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;284 and see p.&nbsp;.</ref>

No test is required before the lottery or admission.<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref>, as accessed July 12, 2012 (unclear if applicable only to the proposed school in Williamsburg or to all Success Academies, given tense and context in source).</ref>

=== Waiting list ===
A waitlist is maintained for applicants who did not make it in the lottery<ref>, as accessed December 14, 2012.</ref> or whose applications were submitted past a deadline.<ref>For school year 2013-2014: , as accessed December 14, 2012.</ref> If a student is not doing well because the family is not adequately supporting the child, such as by the child repeatedly arriving late, the principal may meet with the parents to encourage their support and note the waiting list for other children wanting to enter.<ref>Newman, Maria, ''Jim Manly'', ''op. cit.''</ref>

== Locations ==
The main office is at 310 Lenox Avenue, 2nd floor, New York, N.Y. 10027.<ref>, as accessed June 22, 2012, & August 31, 2012.</ref>

=== Neighborhoods picked for schools ===
When opening the first SA schools, Moskowitz, according to Mays, " for good schools in neighborhoods with high poverty and failing grades."<ref name="ProtestExpansionHarlem-DNAinfo">, as accessed May 25, 2012.</ref> Subsequently, according to Moskowitz, opening schools only in "traditionally underserved neighborhoods"<ref name="ToDoPriorities-DaNews-p1">, as accessed May 11, 2012.</ref> has been challenged when middle-class families also needed "high-performing public schools"<ref name="ToDoPriorities-DaNews-p1" /> and may not have enough money for private schools,<ref name="UWHurdles-NYT">, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> although, according to Moskowitz serving "affluent students"<ref name="SeekDiversityNewSchs-SchBk" /> was criticized as being "easier"<ref name="SeekDiversityNewSchs-SchBk" /> and, according to Spencer, a view is that "mid- to upper-income parents pick between zoned schools, magnet schools, and gifted programs"<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> and possibly private schools and thus don't need a charter school.<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> One opponent said, "we're still going after&nbsp;... charter in order to shut down their operation in communities they shouldn't be".<ref>, as accessed July 12 & 14, 2012 (quoting attorney Arthur Schwartz, who represented opponents in a lawsuit against Success Academy Charter Schools (suit dismissed)).</ref> However, Moskowitz told Spencer " never believed the charter movement was exclusively for socially and economically disadvantaged kids".<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> The State has approved expansion into all neighborhoods,<ref name="SATargetsMainstream-BkDaEagle" /> a move backed by City Schools Chancellor ],<ref name="SATargetsMainstream-BkDaEagle" /> and the SA schools group has been opening schools in a wider range of neighborhoods,<ref>, as accessed August 20 & 31, 2012.</ref> including the Upper West Side.<ref name="UWHurdles-NYT" /> State Senator ] was opposed regarding space in District 2<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2012.</ref> and some parents objected that they don't need a new school,<ref name="CobbleSueBlockSA-BkDaEagle" /> but, even in some districts where some schools perform well, not all schools do as well.<ref name="UWHurdles-NYT" /> While an application to open may specify a district(s) and Success Academy Charter Schools planning to open outside of that area has been criticized,<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /><ref name="CobbleSueBlockSA-BkDaEagle" /> the State may approve opening elsewhere in the borough.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> Among the boroughs, according to a school official, the Bronx has the highest demand.<ref name="NewSAOpenBxLilParentSay-DaNews">, as accessed January 15, 2013.</ref>

=== Sharing of public school space ===
While in many cities, charter schools are in buildings separate from public noncharter schools, in New York City public school buildings are shared between some charters and noncharters, making comparisons more apparent to visitors and promoting competition.<ref name="DallasNYCExperiment-DallasMornNews" /> Walcott supports co-location by Success Academies and other charters.<ref name="UpdateParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p1">, as accessed December 26 & 29, 2012.</ref> Generally, Success Academy Charter Schools are given rent-free space within existing public school buildings,<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;An exception reported by Lestch (Lestch, Corinne, ''New Success Academy Charter School Headed by Eva Moskowitz to Open in the Bronx with Little Parent Say'', ''op. cit.'') was in effect contradicted by the City (, as accessed January 16, 2013).</ref> by co-location. According to Cramer, Moskowitz has asked for and gotten "more space from the city than any other charter school operator, at times forcefully proposing space-sharing plans directly to the chancellor."<ref name="CallBanCoLocationsCharterBackersNervous-GothamSchs" /> While some noncharter schools are full, some have seat space to spare.<ref name="SAPlanCobbleHill-NYT" /> Opponent Arthur Schwartz claims "special-education students and English language learners &nbsp;... need smaller classroom sizes to learn effectively",<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> so that co-locating an SA school leads to fear of "a space crunch".<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> Casey Quinlan reported on a noncharter classroom for 10 students holding 20<ref name="TensionsRunHi-DaNews">, as accessed July 25, 2012.</ref> and some claim that noncharter schools are overcrowded into fewer classrooms to provide classrooms for co-locations,<ref name="TensionsRunHi-DaNews" /> but, according to Quinlan, Lyon called such claims "inaccurate",<ref name="TensionsRunHi-DaNews" /> the City Department of Education's spokester Deidrea Miller said that one school housing Success Academy Harlem 4 and for which such a claim has been made, P.S. 241, sharing space with the STEM Institute, "is currently under-enrolled and the school has sufficient space to serve students with special needs",<ref name="TensionsRunHi-DaNews" /> and Success Charter Network (operating Success Academy Charter Schools) in 2011 compared noncharter public schools between those with co-locations and those without and said that with co-location average class size changed very little,<ref name="SharingSpaceSuccessfully-SCN-p1">, as accessed August 20, 2012 (PDF file), p.&nbsp;1 and see pp.&nbsp;3–4.</ref> more specifically going down for about half of the noncharter schools<ref name="rptColocatImprovPerf-SCN">, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref><ref>anon, ''Sharing Space Successfully'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3.</ref> and, for all co-locating noncharter schools citywide, going up but by less than in non-co-locating schools.<ref>anon, ''Sharing Space Successfully'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;4.</ref>

Moskowitz supported co-location where a pre-existing school had one room for about every 2 or 5 students and thus had space to spare,<ref name="UnionsvChartersConvenient-DaNews" /> criticized the ] (UFT) (a teachers' union) for objecting only to nonunion schools co-locating with noncharter public schools,<ref name="UnionsvChartersConvenient-DaNews" /> disagreed with letting noncharter parents veto a co-location if charter parents, who may be more numerous, couldn't take part in the decision,<ref name="UnionsvChartersConvenient-DaNews" /> and objected to building new schools "that cost upward of $60 million",<ref name="UnionsvChartersConvenient-DaNews">, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref> money that would come from taxpayers or charter school budgets.<ref name="UnionsvChartersConvenient-DaNews" /> According to Powell, Moskowitz said, "the nice thing about co-location is that you can put the schools under a microscope".<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" /> While Jessica Hills identified as a "friction" that "standardized test scores for one school rank significantly better than those at the other , but it's not as if students can simply choose to switch to the better school upstairs",<ref>Both quotations: , as accessed April 13, 2013 (year determined from URL) (SA schools group then known as Harlem Success Academy).</ref> according to Success Charter Network in 2011 noncharters sharing buildings with charters had higher student gains in English test scores than noncharters that weren't co-located,<ref name="rptColocatImprovPerf-SCN" /><ref>anon, ''Sharing Space Successfully'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;1–3 and see p.&nbsp;4.</ref> lowering the risk of the noncharter schools being closed<ref>"{{Nowrap|Remove}} the threat of closure": anon, ''Sharing Space Successfully'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1.</ref> for underperformance.

A school official said "that even though the majority of co-locations involve new district schools, charter schools seem to receive the blunt of the stigma when it comes to co-locations."<ref name="ParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p2" /> Moskowitz is assertive in seeking space in public noncharter schools.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p3" /> ] is controversial,<ref name="123PushedAside-DaNews" /><ref name="CharterOppo-AmNews">Abdul-Aleem, Maryam, ''Charter Schools and the Opposition'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'' (possibly vol. 100 & no. 41), October 8–14, 2009, p.&nbsp;32.</ref><ref>, as accessed January 10, 2010.</ref> opponents including the UFT,<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref>, as accessed July 12 & 14, 2012.</ref> the ], Class Size Matters,<ref name="CharterSchColocChallenged-AmNews">Abdul-Aleem, Maryam, ''Charter School Co-Locations Challenged'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', vol. 101, no. 15, April 8–14, 2010, p.&nbsp;26, in ''Education Today''.</ref> ],<ref name="ClassWarfare-p161" /> ] (opposing creating "a two-tiered education system"<ref name="RallyNAACPDefendsSuitStopClosing-NYTimes">, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref> with co-location<ref name="RallyNAACPDefendsSuitStopClosing-NYTimes" /> and saying co-location is "akin to segregation",<ref>, as accessed May 19, 2012.</ref> for which position the organization has been criticized by many parents<ref>, as accessed May 16, 2012.</ref>), and the ] for District 2 in 2012, whose president called charter schools "vampires",<ref name="ContestDist2-GothamSch">, as accessed May 5, 2012.</ref> leading in 2006, 2008, and 2010 to proposed locations changing frequently in the weeks before schools finally opened<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;, , & 407.</ref> and sometimes to lawsuits against Success Academies.<ref name="ExpandGradeSchChain-CrainNY" /><ref>Zehr, Mary Ann, ''Charter Operators Spell Out Barriers To 'Scaling Up' '', in ''Education Week'', vol. 31, no. 1, August 24, 2011, p.&nbsp;17, col.&nbsp;5.</ref> Grounds for opposition are sometimes contradictory.<ref name="HypeFuel-WSideSpirit" /><ref name="NextWarWealthierWhiterNabes-DaNews-p2" /> A judge in January, 2012, declined temporarily to order Success Academies and other schools to pay rent, but left the overall case pending.<ref>Abdul-Aleem, Maryam, ''Charter Schools to Stay Rent-Free'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', January 12–18, 2012, p.&nbsp;3.</ref> An early 2010 meeting on a proposed co-location for Success Academy Harlem 2, which was outgrowing its existing space, was an instance of intense political organizing of charter parents and various schools' teachers in opposition.<ref>The meeting is detailed in Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;–301.</ref> The 2010 co-location effort for Success Academy Upper West included a lawsuit against the space allocation,<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;410 fn.</ref> but the school opened anyway.<ref name="UWSSettlesAftControversialStart-WSideSpirit" />

==== Cooperation in schools ====
A then-principal of a co-located noncharter school objected to inadequate cooperation by Success Academy in planning a City-funded playground renovation for 3 schools in the building.<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" /> On the other hand, according to Fleisher, "some of the principals who share space with ... Success ... have said they have had a good relationship with their new neighbors."<ref>Fleisher, Lisa, ''Moskowitz Delays a Run'', ''op. cit.''</ref>

==== Comparison of facilities ====
The SA schools' "budget is not regulated by Department of Education restrictions", according to Moskowitz in 2007,<ref name="HarlemCharterSchLightOutBk-NYSun">, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref> and the SA schools group bought and installed light bulbs with a better color and longer life than city-approved bulbs had.<ref name="HarlemCharterSchLightOutBk-NYSun" />

Renovations in co-location schools are sometimes criticized<ref name="WmburgSchMetMixedFeel-DNAinfo">, as accessed September 7, 2012.</ref> because the noncharter schools are not renovated, creating, according to Lindsey Christ, "perceived inequalities"<ref name="CosmeticUpgrade-NY1">, as accessed June 16, 2012.</ref> or, according to Mary Frost<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Frost. --> and Stephon Johnson<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Johnson. -->, because unsafe lights were replaced by an SA school when the city school did not replace theirs in the same building,<ref name="deBlasioCobbHillSchsStuckDangerPCBCharterClean-BkDaEagle">, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref><ref>, as accessed May 7, 2013.</ref> although, according to Anand, city and SA officials said, "no school in the Baltic Street building has been cleared of PCBs yet and&nbsp;... that the city made capital improvements to the three other schools in the building at the same time" in summer, 2012.<ref name="deBlasioTakesTreatment-GothamSchs" /> Moskowitz told Lindsey Christ in 2011 that the City "spends $13.7 billion on capital and charters don't get access to any of that money."<ref name="CosmeticUpgrade-NY1" /> A 2010 state law requires that renovations be approved by the city Department of Education, which must then pay matching funds to the noncharter schools sharing the building.<ref name="CosmeticUpgrade-NY1" /> When Success Academy Harlem 1 had its space painted and carpeted, the other school in the building was given $65,000.<ref name="CosmeticUpgrade-NY1" /> In the building hosting Success Academy Upper West, the 5 noncharters may (as of 2011) divide $2.5 million in matching funds.<ref name="CosmeticUpgrade-NY1" /> In one 2012 case, according to Gonzalez, the city's renovations for noncharter schools were criticized as being not as good as those for the co-located SA school despite the city spending more money<ref name="IrateSayBkSchsMeagerImprove-DaNews">, as accessed Apr. 23, 2013.</ref> and the cost of the renovations for that SA school having been split about half-and-half between the city and the SA schools group.<ref name="IrateSayBkSchsMeagerImprove-DaNews" /><ref>, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref> The city said unapproved work was done by SA's contractors in one case and that the city would monitor future work more closely.<ref>, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref><ref name="NewSalvoLightWarUFTMoskowitz-GothamSchs">, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref>

=== Specific schools ===
{{Hatnote|Schools not yet open nor controverted may not be listed here.}}
Schools although not yet open<ref name="FindSch-SACS-ofcl--ProposNwSchs-SACS-ofcl" /> may be accepting applications from prospective staff and students and may become subjects of controversies and decisions about locations, including co-locations.

]
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''Manhattan'''
|-
| '''Open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem 1'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem 1,<ref name="OpenDoorFutureStudents-NYPresscom" /> the original Harlem Success Academy Charter School,<ref>"Harlem Success Academy Charter School ('Harlem 1') opened its doors in central Harlem in 2006.": ''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;2 (p.&nbsp;4 per PDF viewer).</ref> in District 3:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820">, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> 34 W. 118 St.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> The charter was authorized in 2005 by the ]<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, attachment 8b-1 (p.&nbsp;15 per PDF viewer) (some pages show apparently contradictory dates after date of receipt (including exhibit A-1 (September 11, 2007) (p.&nbsp;49 per PDF viewer), letter from Internal Revenue Service to Success Charter Network Inc (August 23, 2007) (p.&nbsp;50 per PDF viewer), Form 1023, p.&nbsp;11 (stamped August 23, 2007) (p.&nbsp;57 per PDF viewer), & letter from Internal Revenue Service to Harlem Success Charter School (August 16, 2007) (p.&nbsp;58 per PDF viewer))).</ref> or the ],<ref>, as accessed April 6 & 14, 2013.</ref><ref>''Memorandum'' to Members of the Board of Trustees' Charter Schools Committee from Susan Miller Barker, Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute, subject "Management Fee Increase Charter Revisions for Schools Managed by Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc.", ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 n.&nbsp;1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;''Memorandum'' from Kenneth P. O'Brien, Chair, Education, College Readiness & Success Committee to committee members, subject "Revisions to Merge Charter Schools into Harlem Success Academy Charter School 3 (Manhattan)" (April 24, 2012), ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref> and was renewed by SUNY, the charter authorizer for some other schools.<ref>, as accessed April 14, 2013.</ref><ref>, as accessed April 6, 2013.</ref><ref>''Memorandum'' to Members of the Board of Trustees' Charter Schools Committee from Susan Miller Barker, Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute, subject "Management Fee Increase Charter Revisions for Schools Managed by Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc.", ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 n.&nbsp;1.</ref> The school has provided detailed test results for math and English for the founding year through the 2010–2011 school year, including schoolwide and separately for ELLs, special education students, and socioeconomically disadvantaged students, in grades 3–5.<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;18–30.</ref> Expansion to include a high school is planned<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> to serve through ] starting in school year 2014–'15 as part of eventually serving all high school grades,<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013.</ref> but the location for high school grades is undecided,<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" /> although Gotbaum said ] is "most likely".<ref name="WadleighSupportFearEvaSchExpanProposal-DNAinfo" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem 2'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem 2,<ref name="SumMemoNYSEducDept20120904RevRegentMerge-p2">''Summary'', ''op. cit.'' (Univ. of State of N.Y., September 4, 2012), p.&nbsp;2.</ref> in District 5:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820" /> 144 E. 128 St.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> The charter authorizer was SUNY.<ref name="MemoToCharterSchsCommFrEDCSIMgmtFeeIncreaseCRevsSA-p1n1">''Memorandum'' to Members of the Board of Trustees' Charter Schools Committee from Susan Miller Barker, Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute, subject "Management Fee Increase Charter Revisions for Schools Managed by Success Academy Charter Schools, Inc.", ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 n.&nbsp;1.</ref> The founding proposal is to serve grades K–5.<ref name="SummaryFindingRecommendsAppEstabHSA234-SUNY-p2" /> Grades 5–8 are proposed to be co-located at 509 W. 129 St., in District 5, starting in school year 2014–2015.<ref>''The Proposed Co-Location of Grades Five through Eight of Success Academy Charter School – Harlem 2 (84M384) with Academy for Social Action: A College Board School (05M367), I.S. M286 Renaissance Leadership Academy (05M286), The Urban Assembly Institute for New Technologies (05M410), and Urban Assembly School for Performing Arts (05M369) in Building M043 Beginning in 2014–2015'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem 3'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem 3,<ref name="SumMemoNYSEducDept20120904RevRegentMerge-p2" /> in District 4: 141 E. 111 St.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> It was proposed to be co-located at 410 E. 100 St., starting with kindergarten in Fall, 2013, and adding a grade a year.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013.</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem 4'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem 4,<ref name="SumMemoNYSEducDept20120904RevRegentMerge-p2" /> in District 3:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820" /> 240 W. 113 St.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> The charter authorizer was SUNY.<ref name="MemoToCharterSchsCommFrEDCSIMgmtFeeIncreaseCRevsSA-p1n1" /> The founding proposal is to serve grades K–5.<ref name="SummaryFindingRecommendsAppEstabHSA234-SUNY-p2" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem 5'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem 5,<ref name="SumMemoNYSEducDept20120904RevRegentMerge-p2" /><ref name="ProposedCoLocationAmdtSAH5-NYCDOE-20121027">''Amended Educational Impact Statement'', ''op. cit.''</ref> in District 5:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820" /> 301 W. 140 St.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> The charter authorizer was SUNY.<ref name="MemoToCharterSchsCommFrEDCSIMgmtFeeIncreaseCRevsSA-p1n1" /> The founding proposal is to serve grades K–5.<ref name="SummaryFindingRecommendsAppEstabHSA234-SUNY-p2" /> A proposal to move the school to the P.S. 175 building at 175 W. 134 St. for grades 4–8 is pending;<ref name="ProposedCoLocationAmdtSAH5-NYCDOE-20121027" /><ref name="ProposedCoLocationSAH5-NYCDOE-20120920-p1">''The Proposed Co-Location and Expansion of Success Academy Charter School – Harlem 5 (84M482) Grades 4–8 with Existing School P.S. 175 Henry H. Garnet (05M175) in Building M175 Beginning in 2013–2014'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref> Harlem Children's Zone has a school there, which is planning to move to another building.<ref name="ProposedCoLocationAmdtSAH5-NYCDOE-20121027" /><ref name="ProposedCoLocationSAH5-NYCDOE-20120920-p1" /> When a light bulb started smoking and exploded in 2013, the building was evacuated for about half an hour and, while no one from the SA school was among those temporarily hospitalized because they were in the room with the bulb,<ref>All except for bulb smoking and cause of hospitalization: , as acessed May 11, 2013.</ref><ref>All except for bulb exploding, cause of hospitalization, and release from hospital: , as accessed May 11, 2013 (apparently WINS-AM radio).</ref><ref>All except for bulb exploding: , as accessed May 11, 2013.</ref> Moskowitz sought a city investigation<ref>anon, ''Smoking Light Bulb At Harlem School Sends 11 To Hospital, ''op. cit.''</ref> and the city tested for PCBs.<ref>Christ, Lindsey, ''Harlem School Evacuated After Light Fixture Starts Smoking In Classroom'', ''op. cit.''</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem Central'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem Central,<ref>, as accessed August 18, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Either Success Academy Harlem Central or Success Academy Harlem West (it's unknown which) was referred to by Success Academy Harlem 1 as "middle school at Harlem Success 1" (''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;19, 21, 23, 25, & 27) and as Harlem Success Academy 1 middle school (''id.'', p.&nbsp;28).</ref> in District 3:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120825">, as accessed August 25, 2012, & February 14, 2013.</ref> 21 W. 111 St.<ref name="SAHC-ofcl">''Success Academy Harlem Central'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''</ref> It serves grade 5<ref name="SAHC-ofcl" /> and is planned to serve grades 6–8.<ref name="SAHC-ofcl" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Harlem West'''
|-
| Success Academy Harlem West,<ref>, as accessed August 18, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Either Success Academy Harlem West or Success Academy Harlem Central (it's unknown which) was referred to by Success Academy Harlem 1 as "middle school at Harlem Success 1" (''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;19, 21, 23, 25, & 27) and as Harlem Success Academy 1 middle school (''id.'', p.&nbsp;28).</ref> in District 3:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120825" /> 215 W. 114 St.<ref name="SAHW-ofcl">''Success Academy Harlem West'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''</ref> It serves grades 5–7<ref name="SAHW-ofcl" /> and is planned to serve grade 8.<ref name="SAHW-ofcl" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Upper West'''
|-
| Success Academy Upper West<ref>Louis, Errol, ''The Next Charter School War'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1.</ref> (also called simply The Success Academy Charter School),<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013 (the school's name is as stated in the original).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;The school was also referred to as Success Academy, in , as accessed January 20, 2013.</ref> in District 3:<ref>, as accessed August 15, 2011.</ref> 145 W. 84 St.<ref>, as accessed September 4, 2012.</ref> Expansion of this school is controversial because the City is proposing to move another school out of the building it shares, according to Emily Frost<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Frost. -->,<ref name="CriticsBlastDOEPlanMoveUWSHSWashHts-DNAinfo">, as accessed December 8, 2012.</ref> a school for children having difficulty graduating, according to Rachel Monahan in late 2012,<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews">, as accessed December 6, 2012.</ref> effects including the loss of day care for teenage mothers<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews" /> and the new location not having science labs or a gym,<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews" /> the plan being opposed by City Public Advocate Bill de Blasio,<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews" /> City Councilwoman ],<ref name="CriticsBlastDOEPlanMoveUWSHSWashHts-DNAinfo" /> and Assemblywoman ],<ref name="CriticsBlastDOEPlanMoveUWSHSWashHts-DNAinfo" /> but the City said the school moving out will move nearer to more of its students' homes<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews" /> and "will meet state requirements for physical education and science",<ref name="PlanPushSchAtRiskKidsOut-DaNews" /> fitness rooms and a lab to be provided.<ref name="CriticsBlastDOEPlanMoveUWSHSWashHts-DNAinfo" /> Morales in 2013 described criticism of suspensions of a misbehaving student who had special needs.<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews">, as accessed March 16, 2013.</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''Manhattan'''
|-
| '''Controverted and not yet open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 3'''
|-
| Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 3 is proposed to open August, 2014, in District 1 to serve grades K–1 at its opening and eventually K–8,<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014-nonamemo--with--ProposeSchs-ofcl">Without school name or month: , as accessed February 23, 2013.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;School name, month, & other information: , as accessed February 15, 2013.</ref> and, according to Ed Litvak, "District 1's Community Education Council is not at all pleased about the proposal".<ref>, as accessed March 9 & 10, 2013 ("proposals" in original referring to 2 proposed SA schools).</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 4'''
|-
| Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 4 is proposed to open August, 2014, in District 1 to serve grades K–1 at its opening and eventually K–8.<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014-nonamemo--with--ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> Raising controversy, the district's Community Education Council said there's no need or space in the district,<ref>Solomon, Serena, ''Eva Moskowitz's Success Academy Aims to Open 6 New Charter Schools in 2014'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;CEC "not at all pleased": Litvak, Ed, ''Success Academy Presents LES Charter School Proposal Tonight'', ''op. cit.'' ("proposals" in original referring to 2 proposed SA schools).</ref> but a spokester for the SA schools group said, according to Serena Solomon, "demand for charters like Success Academy is already present in the area",<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014">Solomon, Serena, ''Eva Moskowitz's Success Academy Aims to Open 6 New Charter Schools in 2014'', ''op. cit.''</ref> with, quoting the spokester, "more than 100 applications from District 1 families to Success Academies over the past year even though we don't have a school in that district".<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 5'''
|-
| Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 5 is proposed to open August, 2014, in District 3 to serve grades K–1 at its opening and eventually K–8.<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014-nonamemo--with--ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> The City proposed it be in Harlem.<ref>Fleisher, Lisa, ''New Charters Proposed for Manhattan'', ''op. cit.'' (of SA schools proposed for Districts 1 and 3 in Manhattan, only one is proposed for Harlem, and District 1 is not in or near Harlem, but District 3 is).</ref> Objection was raised to a proposed co-location on the Upper West Side because some said it would cause overcrowding, according to Emily Frost<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Frost. -->.<ref>, as accessed March 6, 2013.</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Hell's Kitchen'''
|-
| Success Academy Hell's Kitchen,<ref>, as accessed July 25, 2012.</ref><ref>, as accessed September 7, 2012 (also: name subject to governmental approval).</ref> approved by the City to be co-located with the ],<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk">, as accessed December 22, 2012</ref><ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo">, as accessed December 22, 2012.</ref> 439 W. 49 St., in ],<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /> in District 2.<ref name="SuggestSiteCollocation-DNAinfo">Johnson, Mary, ''DOE Selects 'Suggested' Sites for Success Academy Collocations'', ''op. cit.''</ref><ref>, as accessed August 17, 2012.</ref> The SA school was authorized by SUNY,<ref name="Looking2013PitchPlanSA-GothamSchs">, as accessed September 29, 2012.</ref> is proposed to open in August, 2013,<ref name="SAHellsKitchen-ofcl">''Success Academy Hell's Kitchen'', ''op. cit.'' (official website).</ref> and initially to serve grades K–1,<ref name="SAHellsKitchen-ofcl" /> and is planned to serve grades K–5<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /><ref>, as accessed October 9, 2012, p.&nbsp; (Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 2, given same address, presumed same as Success Academy Hell's Kitchen).</ref> or K–8.<ref name="SAHellsKitchen-ofcl" /> Opponents included State Senator ].<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /> Generally, opponents argued that putting elementary school children in a building with high school students "may be unsafe",<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /> but one SA official disagreed, based on experience with SA co-locations in other high schools, where "everybody gets along extremely well".<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /> The high school was graded F on its latest City progress report<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ" /> and has scored "low"<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /> "for years".<ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Union Square'''
|-
| Success Academy Union Square,<ref name="SuggestSiteCollocation-DNAinfo" /><ref>, as accessed August 18, 2012 (also: name subject to governmental approval).</ref> approved by the City to be co-located with ],<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk" /><ref name="CitApprovSAHellKitchHS-DNAinfo" /><ref name="SuggestSiteCollocation-DNAinfo" /> 40 Irving Place,<ref name="SAUS-ofcl">''Success Academy Union Square'', ''op. cit.'' (official website).</ref> in ],<ref name="SuggestSiteCollocation-DNAinfo" /> in District 2.<ref name="SuggestSiteCollocation-DNAinfo" /> The SA school was authorized by SUNY,<ref name="Looking2013PitchPlanSA-GothamSchs" /> is proposed to open in 2013,<ref name="SAUS-ofcl" /><ref>''SUNY Trustees Approve Nine New Charter Schools For New York City'', ''op. cit.'' (Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 1 presumed same, given the address, as Success Academy Union Square).</ref> in August,<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> and initially to serve grades K–1,<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /><ref name="SAUS-ofcl" /> and is planned to serve grades K–8,<ref name="SAUS-ofcl" /> with grades K–4 or K–5 proposed for the Irving Place building.<ref>K–5: , as accessed January 20, 2013 (Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 1 presumed same, given the address, as Success Academy Union Square).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;K–4: Anderson, Lincoln, ''Charges Over Charters Fly as Eva Enters Wash. Irving'', ''op. cit.''</ref> According to ], in April, 2013, Schwartz, an attorney, "expects"<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> to sue, on the ground of crowding of non-SA special education students and English language learners.<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> A schools group spokester told Anderson that it received "more than 1,000 applications&nbsp;... for fewer than 200 seats."<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> The high school was graded F on its latest City progress report.<ref name="NewChartersProposeManhattan-WSJ" /> According to Mary Johnson, the co-location is controverted.<ref>, as accessed October 27, 2012.</ref><ref>, as accessed December 12, 2012.</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''The Bronx'''
|-
| '''Open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Bronx 1'''
|-
| Success Academy Bronx 1,<ref name="SABx1-ofcl">, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> in District 7:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820" /> 339 Morris Ave.,<ref name="SABx1-ofcl" /> ].<ref name="BxClosureHgApologyPleasSpace-GothamSchs">, as accessed February 23, 2013.</ref> According to Katie Akagi, the possible closure of another school in the same building, M.S. 203, means "Bronx Success Academy 1&nbsp;... would be able to expand to serve middle school grades",<ref name="BxClosureHgApologyPleasSpace-GothamSchs" /> with some parents and teachers concerned about a lack of good schools for students who don't get into charter schools.<ref name="BxClosureHgApologyPleasSpace-GothamSchs" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Bronx 2'''
|-
| Success Academy Bronx 2, in District 9:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-20120820" /> 450 St. Paul's Place.<ref>, as accessed August 20, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Although the school is reported by Corinne Lestch to be in "its own building" (Lestch, Corinne, ''New Success Academy Charter School Headed by Eva Moskowitz to Open in the Bronx with Little Parent Say'', ''op. cit.''), it is listed by the City has having the same address as another school, ] (, as accessed January 16, 2013).</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''The Bronx'''
|-
| '''Controverted and not yet open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Bronx 3'''
|-
| Success Academy Bronx 3,<ref>Short or abbreviated name "SA – Bronx 3": ''Public Hearing Summary'' (State Univ. of N.Y., Charter Schools Institute) (for "Charter School" "Success Academy Charter School – Bronx 3 (formerly Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 3)" & "Hearing Date" "December 17, 2013"), ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 (hearing date appears from context to have been in 2012, not in the then future).</ref> in District 8:<ref>, as accessed October 7, 2012.</ref> 968 Cauldwell Ave., South Bronx<ref>, as accessed October 3, 2012 (also: name & location subject to governmental approval).</ref> or ].<ref name="NewSAOpenBxLilParentSay-DaNews" /> The SA school is proposed to open in August, 2013,<ref name="SABx3-ofcl">''Success Academy Bronx 3'', ''op. cit.'' (official website).</ref> and initially to serve grades K–1<ref name="SABx3-ofcl" /> or K–2<ref name="PubHgSumSABx31217-SUNY-p1" /> and is planned to serve up to grade 8.<ref name="SABx3-ofcl" /> Controversy ensued because of a proposed co-location with a school,<ref name="NewSAOpenBxLilParentSay-DaNews" /><ref>''Public Hearing Summary'' (State Univ. of N.Y., Charter Schools Institute) (for "Charter School" "Success Academy Charter School – Bronx 3 (formerly Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 3)" & "Hearing Date" "December 17, 2013"), ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;1–2 (hearing date appears from context to have been in 2012, not in the then future).</ref> P.S. 146 Edward Collins,<ref name="PubHgSumSABx31217-SUNY-p1">''Public Hearing Summary'' (State Univ. of N.Y., Charter Schools Institute) (for "Charter School" "Success Academy Charter School – Bronx 3 (formerly Success Academy Charter School – Manhattan 3)" & "Hearing Date" "December 17, 2013" {{Sic}}), ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 (hearing date appears from context to have been in 2012).</ref> which was "C-rated",<ref name="NewSAOpenBxLilParentSay-DaNews" /> graded C overall for 2011-'12 by the City.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, for "P.S. 146 Edward Collins", p.&nbsp;.</ref> A school spokester "said the school has already received about 500 applications for fewer than 200 spots".<ref name="NewSAOpenBxLilParentSay-DaNews" />
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''Brooklyn'''
|-
| '''Open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Bed-Stuy 1'''
|-
| Success Academy ] 1,<ref name="SpecEdChampBrownstone-CapNY" /> in District 14:<ref>, as accessed August 15, 2011.</ref> 70 Tompkins Ave.<ref>, as accessed September 8, 2012.</ref> After 5 gunshots were heard near the school in 8 days<ref name="ParentsCallIncreasePolicePatrolFollowShotsNrBkSch-CBSNY">, as accessed February 17, 2013.</ref> usually in the early afternoon and with 9 shootings since July,<ref name="FlyingBulletsNrBedStuySchGroundsPromptLockdownCallMorePolicePresence-DaNews">, as accessed February 17, 2013.</ref> police protection was requested and a rally was held by 100 people or "hundreds of families"<ref>Including quotation: Lehpamer, Eileen, ''Parents Call For Increased Police Patrols Following Recent Shootings Near Brooklyn School'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Without quotation but with 100 people: , as accessed February 17, 2013.</ref> led by the school;<ref name="ParentsAskPolice5Shots8DaOutsideSchTompkins-BedStuyPatch" /> students were moved indoors and away from windows into halls;<ref name="ParentsCallIncreasePolicePatrolFollowShotsNrBkSch-CBSNY" /> the police have a surveillance tower nearby and do more patrolling near the school and at school dismissal;<ref name="ParentsCallIncreasePolicePatrolFollowShotsNrBkSch-CBSNY" /> and, according to Morales and other reporters, there are more police at the ] across the street and the principal reports fast police response,<ref name="FlyingBulletsNrBedStuySchGroundsPromptLockdownCallMorePolicePresence-DaNews" /> but, according to Morris, seeks pre-emptive police work for the high-crime neighborhood's safety.<ref name="ParentsAskPolice5Shots8DaOutsideSchTompkins-BedStuyPatch" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Bed-Stuy 2'''
|-
| Success Academy Bed-Stuy 2,<ref>, as accessed September 17, 2012 (school has opened).</ref> in District 14:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-2012070720120709">, as accessed July 7 & 9, 2012.</ref> 211 Throop Ave.<ref name="SAPlanCobbleHill-NYT" /> It is proposed to serve grades K–5 eventually.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp; (p.&nbsp;1 in PDF viewer).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;School names: Brooklyn Success Academy Charter School 2, which is Success Academy Charter School – Bed-Stuy 2 (, as accessed January 20, 2013 (n.&nbsp;1 refers to old name only as Brooklyn Success Academy Charter School but main text refers to Brooklyn Success Academy Charter School 2).), is presumed same as Success Academy Bed-Stuy 2.</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Cobble Hill'''
|-
| Success Academy ],<ref name="NewSACHillOpen-DaNews" /><ref>Johnson, Stephon, ''Eva Moskowitz vs. Cobble Hill'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'', December 22–28, 2011, p.&nbsp;31.</ref><ref>, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref> in District 15:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-2012070720120709" /> 284 Baltic St.<ref name="SAPlanCobbleHill-NYT" /><ref name="CobbleSueBlockSA-BkDaEagle" /><ref>, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> It is proposed to serve grades K–5 eventually.<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013, p.&nbsp;.</ref> Before opening, its co-location was the subject of controversy;<ref>''Public Hearing Summary'' (for Brooklyn Success Academy Charter School 3 on November 29, 2011), ''op. cit.'', esp. pp.&nbsp;2–3 & 9 (Brooklyn Success Academy Charter School 3, given same address, presumed same as Success Academy Cobble Hill).</ref> and again later, according to Gonzalez, because building renovations were better for the SA school than for the other schools in the building although the other schools' renovations were more costly;<ref name="IrateSayBkSchsMeagerImprove-DaNews" /> it was also, according to Mary Frost<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Frost. -->, because ]-contaminated bulbs were replaced in this SA school but not in other schools in the building,<ref name="deBlasioCobbHillSchsStuckDangerPCBCharterClean-BkDaEagle" /> although, with a concern over ] reported by Philissa Cramer,<ref name="NewSalvoLightWarUFTMoskowitz-GothamSchs" /> according to Nikhita Venugopal the city found no asbestos in the school when it tested the air right after the renovation<ref>, as accessed April 27, 2013.</ref> and, according to Cramer, "the rest of the building is scheduled to be cleared of PCBs" in summer, 2013;<ref name="NewSalvoLightWarUFTMoskowitz-GothamSchs" /> and, separately, in 2012, a lawsuit was filed.<ref name="NewSalvoLightWarUFTMoskowitz-GothamSchs" /> According to Cramer, the UFT objected to construction methods as unsafe and Moskowitz objected to the UFT photographing inside the school as a children's security violation, both asking for state investigations into related issues.<ref name="NewSalvoLightWarUFTMoskowitz-GothamSchs" /> Morales in 2013 described criticism of suspensions of a misbehaving student who had special needs,<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> James publicly objecting to a student with special needs being suspended 20 times for 2–3 days each time after a lack of a school aide to stay with the student and a school spokester denying the totals.<ref>, as accessed March 20, 2013.</ref>
|-
| '''Success Academy Williamsburg'''
|-
| Success Academy Williamsburg, in District 14:<ref name="SchSearch-DoE-2012070720120709" /> 183 S. 3rd St.<ref name="SAPlanCobbleHill-NYT" /><ref name="HgControversialSAWburg-BkDaEagle" /> After pre-opening controversy,<ref name="HowLongLivedHere-CapNY">, as accessed June 2, 2012 (single quotation marks in title so in original).</ref> including about the City eliminating 3 grades from a noncharter school<ref>, as accessed July 12 & 14, 2012.</ref> and about SA marketing,<ref>, as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> a lawsuit against SA was dismissed<ref name="LawsuitvWilliamsburgSADismissed-DNAinfo" /> and, according to Meredith Hoffman, 2 schools sharing the building reduced the conflict between them<ref name="WmburgSchMetMixedFeel-DNAinfo" /> and SA students were "quiet and orderly."<ref name="WmburgSchMetMixedFeel-DNAinfo" /> According to Kamenetz, opposition continued in 2013, led by Williamsburg and Greenpoint Parents: Our Public Schools (WAGPOPS).<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> Kamenetz reported that the school's "upstairs hallway&nbsp;... is cheerful and orderly",<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> that students were doing a science experiment in growing bread mold and were painting in art class and that kindergartners were playing with blocks,<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> and that exclusively this school offers ],<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> which, according to the school's principal via ''News 12 Long Island'', "teaches focus and concentration".<ref>, as accessed February 17, 2013.</ref> Kamenetz also reported that "the school appeared both progressive and regimented"<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> yet less "militaristic" than the charter group KIPP.<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" />
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''Brooklyn'''
|-
| '''Controverted and not yet open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Fort Greene'''
|-
| Success Academy ]<ref name="SAFG-ofcl">, as accessed August 18, 2012.</ref> is proposed to open in September, 2013,<ref>"September of 2013–2014": , as accessed December 15, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;2013: ''Success Academy Fort Greene'' (Success Academy Charter Schools) (official website), ''op. cit.''</ref> in the building with Susan McKinney<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk" /><ref name="ParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p1">, as accessed December 22 & 23, 2012.</ref> J.H.S. or M.S. 265,<ref>School level type:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;J.H.S. 265: , as accessed October 13, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;M.S. 265: Cramer, Philissa, & Geoff Decker, ''Looking to 2013, City Pitches Space Plans For Success Schools'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;M.S. 265: Lewis, Jason, ''Parents, Students and Community Not Sure They Have Real Voice in School Co-Location Process'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1.</ref> 101 Park Ave.,<ref>Address:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Without building number: Leonard, Paul, ''McKinney Students Rally Against Charter School: Fort Greene School's Boosters Say Future of Arts-Focused Programs is at Risk.'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;With building number: , as accessed January 26, 2013, p.&nbsp;1 (hearing date year so in original but probably should be 2012).</ref> in Clinton Hill<ref name="ParentStudentProtestProposeCharterSch-GrnptStar">Pavia, Andrew, ''Parents & Students Protest Proposed Charter School'', ''op. cit.''</ref> and District 13 and near the ],<ref name="PerfArtLoss-BkEagle">, as accessed October 18, 2012.</ref> and initially to serve grades K–1<ref name="SAFG-ofcl" /> and is planned to serve grades K–5<ref name="McKinneyRallyvCharter-Patch">Leonard, Paul, ''McKinney Students Rally Against Charter School'', ''op. cit.''</ref> or K–8.<ref name="SAFG-ofcl" /> The charter was authorized by SUNY.<ref name="PerfArtLoss-BkEagle" /> Controversy has been raised, according to Cramer and Decker<ref>Cramer, Philissa, & Geoff Decker, ''Looking to 2013, City Pitches Space Plans For Success Schools'', ''op. cit.''</ref> and Jason Lewis<ref>Lewis, Jason, ''Parents, Students and Community Not Sure They Have Real Voice in School Co-Location Process'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1.</ref> and, according to Paul Leonard, Mary Frost<!-- Keep first names for all mentions of people named Frost. -->, and Amy Sara Clark, about overcrowding that might mean an arts studies program will have to leave the building, James objecting,<ref name="PerfArtLoss-BkEagle" /><ref name="McKinneyRallyvCharter-Patch" /><ref>, as accessed October 20, 2012.</ref> the school having been graded B by the city,<ref name="ParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p1" /> but city officials said building utilization was only about half<ref name="ParentStudentProtestProposeCharterSch-GrnptStar" /> and "that all of McKinney's art programs and space would remain intact."<ref>, as accessed December 12, 2012.</ref> The city has approved the location.<ref name="UpdateParentsStudentsCommunityNotSureVoiceSchCoLocationProcess-VVblog-p1" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Prospect Heights'''
|-
| Success Academy ]: 760 Prospect Place.<ref name="SAProspectHts-ofcl">, as accessed March 13, 2013.</ref> It is planned to open in August, 2013, to serve grades K–1 initially and K–8 eventually.<ref name="SAProspectHts-ofcl" /> The charter authorizer was SUNY, which has approved teaching grades K–5.<ref name="NYCDOEnotice-20121105-p1">, as accessed November 14, 2012 (SA school also referred to as SA - Brooklyn 6) (URL likely correct & filename correct) (judging by address, proposed opening year, and proposed starting grades, SA - Brooklyn 6 apparently same as Success Academy Prospect Heights).</ref> The City approved co-location of a Success Academy in the building with P.S./I.S. 138.<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk" /> The principal of P.S./I.S. 138 objected, the school having received an A for 4 years on progress reports.<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk" /> Controversy has arisen over how space in the building was calculated, after the city previously said there was not enough room and sent a smaller charter school out,<ref name="PanelApprove9Charters-SchBk" /><ref name="PlanMoveCharterSchCrownHtsBldgOfclsSaidNoRm-DaNews">, as accessed December 15, 2012.</ref> and City Councilmember ] has objected,<ref name="PlanMoveCharterSchCrownHtsBldgOfclsSaidNoRm-DaNews" /> but a city official said the location has the space to accommodate up to 5th grade, another charter school in the same building having previously been told to move to another building because it would serve more grades and space was then insufficient.<ref name="PlanMoveCharterSchCrownHtsBldgOfclsSaidNoRm-DaNews" />
|-
| '''Success Academy Charter School – Brooklyn 7'''
|-
| Success Academy Charter School – Brooklyn 7<ref>, as accessed January 20, 2013.</ref> is planned to open in Fall, 2013.<ref name="SUNY9NYC-EmpireStNews" /> Its charter authorizer was SUNY, which has approved teaching grades K–5.<ref>, as accessed October 9, 2012, p.&nbsp;.</ref> The city, reversing its earlier decision, has decided against co-location with ] and has found a new location, ], in Crown Heights.<ref>, as accessed March 6, 2013.</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
| '''Queens'''
|-
| '''Controverted and not yet open'''
|-
| '''Success Academy Charter Schools – Queens 1 and 2'''
|-
| Success Academy Charter Schools – Queens 1 and 2 are proposed to open August, 2014, in District 30,<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014-nonamemo--with--ProposeSchs-ofcl" /> encompassing ] and ],<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014" /> to serve grades K–1 at its opening and eventually K–8.<ref name="SAAim6NewSchs2014" /> With one school, possibly Success Academy Charter School – Queens 1 or 2, according to Clare Trapasso, in February, 2013, parents were concerned that a middle school for ]s at P.S. 122, Astoria, will be made "dramatically"<ref name="UproarPlanAddMidSchPS122Astoria-DaNews">, as accessed March 4, 2013.</ref> smaller, to make room for a school from the building housing I.S. 141, so a charter school could open in the latter building, perhaps a Success Academy, and were considering suing the city.<ref name="UproarPlanAddMidSchPS122Astoria-DaNews" />
|}

== Finances ==
The Success Academy Charter Schools group is nonprofit.<ref>Success Charter Network: Fleisher, Lisa, ''New Charters Proposed for Manhattan'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;One or more Success Academies and probably all of the schools (''e.g.'', "the charters are ruled by their non-profit Board of Trustees"): Collins, Lisa M., ''Charter War Cobble Hill'', ''op. cit.''<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;"Success Academy Charter School is not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation.": , as accessed August 21, 2012.</ref> According to Moskowitz in 2013, the "schools are self-sustaining by year three on public dollars alone".<ref name="MissionPossInterviewMoskowitz-PhilanthroRound" /> Government funding is based on the number of students.<ref name="ClassWarfare-p434-Mstmt" /> Funding from the State is about 5% less per pupil than public noncharters receive.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p1">, as accessed May 19, 2012.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;Other than percentage but still "less money": Abdul-Aleem, Maryam, ''Protests Continue For P.S. 123'', in ''N.Y. Amsterdam News'' (possibly vol. 100 & no. 28), July 9–15, 2009, p.&nbsp;32.</ref> Success Academy Harlem 1 in 2010 spent $18,378 yearly per student, versus an estimated $19,358 for the noncharter side.<ref name="LastStand-NYT" /> In 2012, Moskowitz reported to SUNY that the management organization in servicing the schools was sustaining a deficit,<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;9 (p.&nbsp;11 per PDF viewer) & ''passim''.</ref> and anticipated that the deficit would continue even after the requested increase of the fee from the schools to the organization.<ref>''Memorandum'' to Susan Miller Barker, Interim Executive Director, Charter Schools Institute of the State University of New York, from Eva Moskowitz, Chief Executive Officer, Success Academy Charter Schools, re Success Academy Academic and Business Services Agreements, May 24, 2012, ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;10 (p.&nbsp;12 per PDF viewer).</ref> The State permitted the Success Academy organization to be paid 15% of each student's State funding as a management fee,<ref name="UpDownstairsEHarlem-NYTimes" /><ref name="SUNYPostponesFeeUpUnionOppo-BkDaEagle">Proposal to raise fee: , as accessed June 2, 2012.</ref> a raise from 10%<ref>Proposal to raise fee:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Frost, Mary, ''SUNY Postpones Vote on Fee Increase at Success Charter Network: Moskowitz Blames Union Opposition'', ''op. cit.'', <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Christ, Lindsey, ''State Board Approves Trustees Merger For Five Success Academy Schools'', ''op. cit.''</ref> without a change in total State funding per student,<ref name="SUNYPostponesFeeUpUnionOppo-BkDaEagle" /><ref>, as accessed July 14, 2012.</ref> the fee a payment from one nonprofit organization to another.<ref>Benjamin, Liz, host, ''Eva Moskowitz Touts Charter School Success'', ''op. cit.'' (approximately 10 min. 45 sec. from start, as accessed August 26, 2012, & approx. 10 min. 59 sec. from start to approx. 11 min. 10 sec., as accessed August 26, 2012).</ref> In 2012, according to Beth Fertig, Success Academy Harlem 1 "qualified for federal anti-poverty funds."<ref name="FedAward5SchBluRibbon-SchBk" />

According to Gonzalez, Moskowitz wrote that Success Academy depends on donations and grants for part of its services but still has a growing deficit, while Gonzalez says it has a surplus.<ref>, as accessed June 25 & 26, 2012.</ref> The SA schools group was philanthropically funded in 2007, according to SUNY.<ref>''Summary of Findings and Recommendations: Application to Establish the Harlem Success Academy Charter Schools 2, 3 and 4'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3.</ref> Private funding, from businesses and other private donors,<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;.</ref><ref>Green, Elizabeth, ''Eli Broad Invests $2.5 million in Two City Charter School Networks'', ''op. cit.'' (both body before text of press release & text of press release).</ref> in fiscal year 2010 was $4.8 million for Success Charter Network, according to Coplon,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p1" /> or, according to Kamenetz, in 2010, $9 million.<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> Event fundraising included participants in the 2012 ] raising money.<ref>, as accessed September 4, 2012.</ref> The organization Friends of Gotham Charter School "provides support finances".<ref name="MakinBundle-DaNews" />

== Criticisms ==

=== Students with special needs ===
In 2010, Coplon reported on the counseling out or transferring of some students from Success Academies,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> that one teacher said not enough counseling was provided when some students misbehaved,<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> and that Moskowitz said the school is not "a social-service agency".<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> One school official said the main issues were "maturity and undoing what the parents allow the kids to do in the house", as reported by Coplon in 2010.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> In 2013, Morales reported that parents of two students with special needs at two SA schools who should have been accompanied by teaching assistants said the students were suspended, one for 50 days "for rowdy behavior&nbsp;.... for hitting other children, calling out in class, and throwing objects",<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> although a schools spokester denied that any student has been suspended for that long,<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> the other student was suspended "31 days for throwing a piece of cinderblock near students and hitting a teacher in the arm with a plastic band";<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> in response, James criticized suspensions of 7-year-olds with Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and sought a state investigation;<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> and a third student's parent hired a lawyer to arrange occupational therapy.<ref name="ParentsFuryShoddyTreatmentSpecNeed2Schs-DaNews" /> Winerip chronicled the experience of a student with a learning disability (an ]), who, in 2008, was counseled out of Success Academy Harlem 3 and referred by Success Academies to P.S. 75, a public noncharter school, where he reportedly has done well after being taught coping methods.<ref name="MsgFroCharterSchThriveXfer" />

Winerip reported that "every traditional public school that is housed with a Success charter has more special-education children as well as students for whom English is the second language, according to numbers posted on city and state Web sites. At Success 3, the school ... attended, 10 percent are in special education and 2 percent are English language learners, according to the <!-- The link is part of the source as quoted. If delinking or if deleting or replacing the URL, indicate the delinking, deleting, or replacing as an edit in the supporting ref element, to maintain the quotation's accuracy. -->; Mosaic Prep Academy, a district school that shares its building, has 23 percent in special education and 13 percent learning English as a second language."<ref name="MsgFroCharterSchThriveXfer" /> According to Kamenetz in 2013, "almost no special-ed kids" were at Success Academy Williamsburg.<ref name="InvasionChartSchs-VV" /> In general, the most severely disabled students go to noncharter schools but not to Success, according to Winerip.<ref name="MsgFroCharterSchThriveXfer" /> Moskowitz said that Success Academies have students who are living in ]s,<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11col2">Eichna, Charlotte, ''Charter Crusader'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;11, col.&nbsp;2.</ref> "lots"<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11col2" /> who are homeless,<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11col2" /> and children of parents who are incarcerated.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown-p11col2" /> P.S. 208, a public noncharter school located 2 blocks from Success Academy Harlem 1, has 12% of its students classified as having Limited English Proficiency.<ref>.</ref> According to Anderson, in all SA schools combined, 80% of students' families have low incomes, 10% are English language learners, and 15% receive special education.<ref name="ChargeEvaEnterWashIrv-Villager" /> Three fourths of the students qualify for low-cost or free lunch, according to a SA schools group spokester,<ref name="MasteryHSA-AmNews" /> and, according to Moskowitz and Charlotte Eichna, breakfasts are provided.<ref name="CharterCrusader-OurTown" /> According to a SUNY hearing summary, James said "that Success Academy schools had received a waiver to not serve students with Individualized Education Programs",<ref>''Public Hearing Summary'' (State Univ. of N.Y., Charter Schools Institute) (for Success Academy Charter School – Brooklyn 5) (hearing date December 7, 2013)], ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;2 (an unnamed member of a school leadership team said "charter schools are supposed to take the most at-risk students, not ask for waivers to avoid special education kids", ''id.'', p.&nbsp;2, an unnamed parent spoke of "the many special education students that charter schools are not required to accept", ''id.'', pp.&nbsp;2–3 (quotation at p.&nbsp;3), & an unnamed community member spoke of "their waiver regarding special education", ''id.'', p.&nbsp;3).</ref> but SUNY said that, "as a matter of law, such waivers do not exist in New York."<ref>''Public Hearing Summary'' (State Univ. of N.Y., Charter Schools Institute) (for Success Academy Charter School – Brooklyn 5) (hearing date December 7, 2013)], ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;2 n.&nbsp;1.</ref>

According to Brill in 2011, the data agree that charter schools like the Success Academies do not skim for intelligence or familial commitment or teach fewer poor, learning-disabled, or non-English-speaking students.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;16 fn.</ref> According to Rogers, Noguera doubted Success Academies tell disabled or less-successful pupils to leave the schools to boost text scores<ref name="HypeFuel-WSideSpirit" /> and said Success Academy Charter Schools are "great" (Rogers' word) for helping children with individual needs.<ref name="HypeFuel-WSideSpirit" /> A student with an attention disorder and a speech problem did well at a Success Academy, other examples were available, and special education classes were to be added, according to Winerip, and, according to a City deputy chancellor, Success Academies were expected to improve services for students with disabilities.<ref name="MsgFroCharterSchThriveXfer" /> Success Academies' recent application for a higher per-student fee would, according to Moskowitz, finance services for more students with special needs, especially for severe cases.<ref>Gonzalez, Juan, ''50% More 'Success': Cozy Deals For Charter Away From Public Eye'', in ''Daily News'' (New York, N.Y.), vol. 93, no. 304 (Sports Final ed.), April 24, 2012, p.12, col.&nbsp;3.</ref> Later, in 2011, Brill wrote, "the best ... like ... Success Academies ... , ... students are admitted by lottery and ... teach the same ratio of learning disabled students as the traditional public schools."<ref>Brill, Steven, ''The School Reform Deniers'', ''op. cit.''</ref> One of Moskowitz' own children has special needs and inspired her to include chess in the Success Academy curriculum.<ref name="SchChHandPol" /><ref name="HypeFuel-WSideSpirit" /> A proposed expansion of SA – Harlem 5 would include a "self-contained special education class indefinitely", as announced by the City in 2012.<ref name="ProposedCoLocationSAH5-NYCDOE-20120920-p1" /><ref>''Amended Educational Impact Statement'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp; & n.&nbsp;3.</ref>

English language learners (ELLs) were underrepresented, reported Coplon in 2010.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> According to State data, students with limited English ability ranged from 2% to 4% of the student enrollments in the year 2009–2010 (latest available data) at Success Academy Harlem (2%),<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2011, p.&nbsp;3 (''Demographic Factors'').</ref> Success Academy Harlem 2 (3%),<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2011, p.&nbsp;3 (''Demographic Factors'').</ref> Success Academy Harlem 3 (4%),<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2011, p.&nbsp;3 (''Demographic Factors'').</ref> and Success Academy Harlem 4 (4%).<ref>, as accessed July 14, 2011, p.&nbsp;3 (''Demographic Factors'').</ref> However, according to Collins, in 2011, English language learners were as common in Success Academies Harlem 2, 3, and 4 as in noncharter counterpart schools in Harlem.<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> In the 2010–2011 school year, at Success Academy Harlem 1, according to the school, ELLs were 6% of the student body and the 38 ELL students' non-English languages were "Bambara, French, Fulani, Mandinka, Moldavian, Spanish, and Wolof".<ref>''U.S. Department of Education: 2012 National Blue Ribbon Schools Program: A Public School - 12NY9'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;4</ref>

Success Academy hired a teacher for ] (ESL); this was recent when Coplon reported it in 2010.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> One-on-one attention was observed in a Success Academy Bronx school, where a student was being taught to listen to musical tones to develop concentration, and the school has a speech therapist and a psychologist.<ref>Thrasher, Steven, ''Class Struggles at a Bronx Charter School'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;3.</ref> According to the Success Academies, in 2010, "approximately 15–20%" of students<ref>, as accessed August 27 & September 4, 2012 (the information appears to come from Success Charter Network and appears to apply across the entire group of schools).</ref> were receiving ] services. According to Collins, "Success Academy claims to move kids out of the ELL category in two years with its fast-method of teaching English, much faster than DOE stats, which leaves many New York City-born kids still in the ELL category into middle school".<ref name="CharterWarCobbleHill-SBkPost-2011" /> Success Charter Network, in 2011, criticized city schools' performance with ELL students,<ref name="rptSlowELLNYC-SCN">, as accessed August 20, 2012.</ref> totalling over 150,000,<ref name="ParkLot-SCN-p1-n1">, as accessed August 20, 2012, p.&nbsp;1 & n.&nbsp;1.</ref> saying a third failed language tests for 7 years<ref name="rptSlowELLNYC-SCN" /><ref name="ParkLot-SCN-p1">anon, ''The Parking Lot of Broken Dreams'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 & ''passim''.</ref> and just under another third passed the test within 3 years,<ref name="rptSlowELLNYC-SCN" /><ref name="ParkLot-SCN-p1" /> with inconsistencies between districts,<ref>anon, ''The Parking Lot of Broken Dreams'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;4–5.</ref> with the cause explained as that additional financing is available to the school if a student does not know English but is lost when a student learns English,<ref>anon, ''The Parking Lot of Broken Dreams'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;6.</ref> and identifying the failure as a "civil rights issue".<ref>anon, ''The Parking Lot of Broken Dreams'', ''op. cit.'', p.&nbsp;1 and see p.&nbsp;6 (recommendation 3).</ref> Moskowitz said that some students who had spent a couple of years in a noncharter school and were not reading came to Success Academy Charter Schools and had learned to read in "about six weeks".<ref>Rosato, Ken, host, ''New York Viewpoint'', ''op. cit.'', as accessed June 16, 2012 (approximately 2 min. 52 sec. from start (not counting advertisement preceding start) to approx. 3 min. 4 sec.) (that Moskowitz described some students and not all is presumed).</ref> Moskowitz said "some charter schools try to move students out of special education through intensive instruction. About 7% of disabled students at Success Academy move out of 'special education' classification, compared to 1% for the school district".<ref>, as accessed June 23, 2012.</ref>

==== ELLs quota proposal ====
In response to a proposal to require charter schools to admit a minimum quota of high-need students including ELLs, according to David Sims, "Moskowitz criticized the quota for essentially encouraging schools to keep students at English-Language Learner status",<ref name="UnfairGiveHiNeed-Chf">Sims, David, ''Charter Leader'', ''op. cit.''</ref> when Success Academy Charter Schools, according to Moskowitz, "will likely graduate the student from ELL status within his or her first or second year"<ref name="UnfairGiveHiNeed-Chf" /> so that Success Academy middle schools will have few or no ELLs,<ref name="UnfairGiveHiNeed-Chf" /> almost all or all of the students being fluent in English.

=== Parental resistance ===
Some parents object that their children are pushed too hard and some teachers feel they spend too much time justifying to some parents their expectations of students.<ref>Brill, Steven, ''Class Warfare'', ''op. cit.'', pp.&nbsp;423–424.</ref> One parent objected to repeated phone calls apparently intended to encourage her to withdraw her child.<ref name="StScourge-NYmag-p5" /> There is no indication that this applies to most parents and teachers.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Schools|New York City}}
* ], a private school
{{-}}

== References and notes ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Success Academy Charter Schools}}

* {{Official website|http://www.successacademies.org/}}

=== Press ===
* : comparative data on several Success Academies

=== Governments ===

==== Charter authorizer ====
* <!-- As accessed December 29, 2012. -->: About reports to and from schools.
* .

==== New York State Education Department ====
* <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->: Depending on the year, the school, and the grade, there may be an ''Accountability and Overview Report'' (possibly describing school characteristics, yearly progress, and test results for English and math), a ''Comprehensive Information Report'' (possibly including more test result analysis), and a ''Fiscal Accountability Supplement''.
* Test results in English and math:
** <!-- As accessed Jan. 5, 2013. -->
** <!-- As accessed Dec. 31, 2012, & Jan. 5, 2013, &, via "Database in Access 2003" link, database accessed Dec. 31, 2012, in Access 2010 (part of Microsoft Office Professional Plus 2010, including Access ver. 14.0.6129.5000) with macro/s in file enabled. -->
* <!-- As accessed January 27, 2013. -->, generally including who the charter authorizer was, names of some managers, and N.Y.S. Education Department report card links.

==== New York City Department of Education ====
* <!-- As accessed March 18, 2013. -->: select an available report and, if not linked, copy school name below (including number in parentheses) into field for entry:
** Manhattan: Success Academy Charter School - Harlem 1 (M351) (select Progress Report, Progress Report Overview, or NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Harlem 2 (M384) (select <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, or NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Harlem 3 (M385) (select <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, or NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Harlem 4 (M386) (select <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, <!-- As accessed December 30, 2012. -->, or NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Harlem 5 (M482) (select only NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Upper West (M523) (select only NYC School Survey)
** Bronx: Success Academy Charter School - Bronx 1 (X493) (select only NYC School Survey); Success Academy Charter School - Bronx 2 (X494) (select only NYC School Survey)
** Brooklyn: Success Academy Charter School - Bed-Stuy 1 (K367) (select only NYC School Survey)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Success Academy Charter Schools}}
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